Energy Management

ENERGY MANAGEMENT
PRESENTED BY :

MERCHANT SHAFI.S ROLL.NO:67
BRIJESH PATEL ROLL.NO:69
DEFINATION OF ENERGY
MANAGEMENT
 “ The judicious & effective use of energy to
maximize profits & enhance competitive
positions.”
WHY ENERGY
MANAGEMENT?
 There are many reasons for adapting
energy management programs in facilities.
These reasons can be summarized as
follows:

1) The principle of saving natural resources
2) Economic benefits
3) Protection of the environment
4) Customer satisfaction &c national good
 The principle of saving natural resources :
Usable resources are made available
to mankind to be utilized for their benefit & well
being. Every individual bears the responsibility of
not wasting or misusing resources.

 Economic benefits :
The obj. of commercial
organizations is to maximize profit while the obj.
of non commercial organizations is to allocate
savings in one area to other imp. tasks. An
energy cost is an operating cost, & savings in this
area could be continuously utilized.


 Protection of the environment :
In a world with
serious environment safety concerns, the need
is governing for more technical, political, &
management activities to use clean, safe &
economically feasible energy as well as
contributing to reduce production of
environmentally damaging products such as
acid rain & ozone depleting products.

 Customer satisfaction & national good :

Energy management results in wise utilization
of available energy resources that will reflect
well on the individuals concerned as well as
society as a whole.
PRINCIPLES OF ENERGY
MANGEMENT
 Usable energy can be obtained from various primary
resources by conversion processes. Primary resources are
available in plenty but available useful energy is limited.
 Usable energy must be managed by supply side& user
side.
 Usable secondary energy is a vital economic commodity.
With every consumption of usable energy.
 There are several possible methods to reduce /unit energy
consumption.
 There are options of energy route for every process.
 Automation in energy consuming processes gives energy
saving & recovery of investment in automation.
 Every one uses energy. Every person in the organization
has creative ability towards energy objectives.
STRATEGY/METHODOLOGY
OF ENERGY MANAGEMENT
Energy management is not by chance/incident/accident.
It is a mission with a target. It can’t be dine single
hand or by sitting on a table. It needs coordinated
effort by team of energy conscious people with a
milestone to be established. Very concerted efforts in
a planned manner to established energy
management. some of steps to reach to the target of
energy conservation can be listed as bellow :
 Identification of inefficient areas / equipments.
 Identification of technology/equipment requirement.
 Discussion, brain storming & conclusion of resources
requirement.
 Management of resources like manpower, machine
or technology.



ENERGY MANAGEMENT
TECHNIQUES
 Self knowledge & awareness among the
masses.
 Re-engineering & evaluation
 Technology up-gradations
 Self knowledge & awareness among the masses :
For the successful energy management &
implementation, the knowledge of process & machine for
the leader is very important. On the first instance, there is
always a resistance from the user.

 Re-engineering & technology up gradation :
After utilizing
the low cost or awareness concept, we need to ascertain,
the scope & extent of energy conservation in the process
requirement & production capacity & capability.

 Technology up-gradations :
After having established the
scope of energy conservation in the specified area, the
latest technology availability is suitability, sustainability &
pricing needs to be studied. Economics needs to be
worked out like pay back period, return of investment,
quality of energy savings etc.



SCOPE OF AES IN INDIA
Renewable energy technologies can help solve energy
issues related to electricity generation, namely:
environmental concern, energy security, rural
electrification & app. In market where conventional
electricity supply is not feasible. almost all the states in
India are facing energy shortages in the range of 3%to
21% with national average energy shortage of about 10%.
Due to rapid economic ,India has
one of the world’s fastest growing energy markets & is
expected to bathe second–largest contributor to the
increase in global energy demand by 2035, accounting for
18% of the rise in global energy consumption. Scope &
present status of various AES is described below:
 SOLAR ENERGY :
India’s theoretical solar potential is about
5000*10^12 trillion kwh per year, far more than its current
total consumption. Currently solar power is prohibitive due to
high initial costs of deployment. The main objectives of the
solar thermal program are to develop & promote the use of
these technologies in order to meet the heat energy
requirements in domestic, institutional &industrial sectors in
India & also to generate electricity in an environment friendly
manner.
An exclusive solar generation system of capacity of
250 to KWh units per month would cost around Rs. 5 Lacs,
with present pricing and taxes. Most of the developed
countries are switching over to solar energy as one of the
prime renewable energy source. The current architectural
designs make provision for photovoltaic cells and necessary
circuitry while making building plans.
 WIND ENERGY :
The development of wind power
in India began in 1990s,& has progressed steadily
in the last few years. Currently India has fifth largest
installed capacity of 14158 Mw till the end of march
2011. wind mills are established mainly in Tamil
Nadu, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh,
Kerala, Karnataka& Rajasthan.
The economics of
wind energy is already strong, despite the relative
immaturity of the industry. The downward trend in
wind energy costs is predicted to continue. As the
world market in wind turbines continues to boom,
wind turbine prices will continue to fall. India now
ranks as a “wind superpower” having a net potential
of about 45000 MW only from 13 identified states.
 BIOMASS :
The availability of biomass in India is
estimated at about 540*10^6 tons/year covering residues
from agriculture, forestry, & plantations. Principal
agriculture residues include rice husk, rice straw,
baggage, sugar cane tops & leaves, trash, groundnut
shells, cotton stalks etc.
Biomass energy can play a
major role in reducing India’s reliance on fossil fuels by
making use of thermo-chemical conversion technologies.
In addition, the increased utilization of biomass-based
fuels will be instrumental in safeguarding the
environment, creating new job opportunities, sustainable
development and health improvements in rural areas.
Biomass energy could also aid in modernizing the
agricultural economy.
 BIO-FUELS :
In India out of the 6,00,000 km2
of waste land i.e. 3,00,000 km2 is suitable for
jatropha cultivation. Once this plant is grown, it
has a useful lifespan of several decades.
Biofuels are produced from living organisms or
from metabolic by-products (organic or
food waste products). In order to be considered
a biofuel the fuel must contain over 80 percent
renewable materials. It is originally derived
from the photosynthesis process and can
therefore often be referred to as a solar energy
source. There are many pros and cons to using
biofuels as an energy source
 OCEAN ENERGY :
The various forms of
energy from the seas & oceans which are
receiving attention at present are tidal power,
ocean thermal energy conversion(OTEC,
waves & ocean currents. OTEC has a
potential installed capacity of 1,80,000 MW in
India & that of tidal power generation in km is
40,000 MW.
 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY :
In India, various
agencies like the Geological survey of India
(GSI), Oil & natural gas corporation (ONGC),
National geophysical research institute (NGRI),
etc. have conducted studies to assess the
geothermal potential in India. Geothermal
energy is created by harnessing geothermal
energy from the earth.
 HYDROGEN &FUEL CELLS :
Emerging fuel
cell & hydrogen energy technologies are suited
for stationary & portable power generation as
well as for transportation purposes. Hydrogen
can be used either directly in IC engines or
through fuel cells. Fuel cells can be potentially
used in domestic, industrial , transport &
agriculture sectors & also in remote areas for
reliable power supply. Fuel cell power systems
cane used as uninterruptible power supply
(UPS) systems, replacing batteries & diesel
generators.

DEFINATION
 “energy conservation means the
reduction in energy consumption by use
of energy more efficiently or by reducing
the wastage of energy making any
sacrifice on the quality and quantity of
production and growth rate”

ENERGY CONSERVATION MAY REQUIRE
AND RESULT INTO THE FOLLOWING.

 New investments to replace the existing
equipment by more efficient equipment and
technology.
 Creates more job opportunities.
 Lower cost of production and energy
usage.
 Reduction in monthly energy bills.
 Reduce air pollution and global warming.
 Reduce dependency on imported energy
resources like oil, natural gas or coal.

STRATEGY FOR ENERGY
CONSERVATION

 Optimum utilisation of energy resources.
 Develop efficient production system.
 Reduce transmission and distribution losses in
electrical power supply system which are very
high at present in India on an average of 30%.
 Plan use of renewable sources of energy in a
big way to reduce dependence on primary
energy sources (oil, gas and coal)
 Government must courage use of renewable
energy by allowing higher rate of depreciation
in tax rates to industrial and residential sector.


 Promote and encourage utilization of mass transport
system like rail / buses.
 Promote recycling of waste products.
 Developed infrastructure for road / rail / river / ship
links, oil refineries, mining, transmission and
distribution of power supply system.
 Promote technology to reduce emission.
 Privatize energy and infrastructure.
 Developed waste energy infrastructure sector.

PRINCIPLES OF ENERGY
CONSERVATION

There are two basic principles governing the
energy conservation are:
1) Maximum thermodynamic efficiency in
energy use.
2) Maximum cost effectiveness in energy use.


MAXIMUM
THERMODYNAMIC
EFFICIENCY IN ENERGY USE

 In any thermodynamic system, the energy input is
partially converted into useful work (output) and the
remainder energy is lost during the energy
conservation in energy transfer process and the
remaining energy is lost during the energy
conservation in energy transfer process and the
energy at discharge as per represented
schematically in fig.
 According to second law of thermodynamics, no
process is possible which is 100% efficient.
 Thus we define the maximum thermodynamic
efficiency in use as the ratio of the energy output to
the energy input.
MAXIMUM COST
EFFECTIVENESS IN ENERGY
USE.

 Any conservation process involves either incorporating the
additional equipment or by replacing the old and outdated
machinery, equipment by new energy efficient equipment. In
either case, additional investment is needed on the
equipment which in turn increase the annual cost of fuel
conservation per unit output while it decreases the annual
cost per unit output while it decreases the annual cost per
unit output depending upon the extent of energy
conservation is carried out. a graph can be plotted between
the total annual cost per unit output by combining the above
two costs Vs the extent of energy conservation