Final Thesis (Sample)
Content
CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
This chapter introduces the problem and the background of the study
with emphasis to the effectiveness of using Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)
on the job performance of the respondents in terms of mobility, productivity and
efficiency, and communication skills.
Introduction
There is no doubt that we are in the wireless era. All the existing
technologies and devices that uses copper wires, which are been around for ages,
are now becoming wireless. The term wireless refers to the transfer of information
of signals without using wires. Going wireless is the latest trend in technology due
on its gaining popularity in these past years. It is a product of human endeavor as
we seek new innovation to meet the driving demand for a wider and more
extensive communication. While traditional wired solutions provide us a sense or
reliability, convenience has become a large part of our needs. People are now
enjoying the benefits of wireless technology from the pc units and laptops
connecting wirelessly on the internet, to Wi-Fi enabled phones, and even today’s
hospitals implement the wireless technology-based system for medical purposes.
But all of these, the most important application which is the topic for this research is
the wireless network, specifically the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN).
Networking is an interconnection of system through a channel with
the sole purpose of exchanging information by putting certain set of rules which are
defined within the system (Babalola, 2012). One type of network is the WLAN. It
links two or more devices using a wireless communication method. It usually
provides a connection through an Access Point (AP) to the wider internet. It provide
the users the ability to move around within a local coverage area and still be
connected to the network. Just like the cordless telephone frees people to make a
phone call from anywhere in their home, a WLAN permits people to use their
computers anywhere in the network area, such as an office building or corporate
campus. Because of the installation was quick and easy, and the increasing
popularity of laptop computers, WLANs have been widely deployed (Huang, 2012)
Most of the firms in the work industry are converting their wired LANs
into WLANs for the owners or the heads to reach further their employees and at the
same time for the employees to connect anywhere within the range of the access
point by offering to them a wireless access. Since these changes began, the
employees should adopt the WLANs to perform their work duties. And also the
heads wanted their workers to be familiar with the system to be able to utilize its
advantages which helps them to improve their work performance which is their
biggest concern for them.
And it is known that the job performance of an employee is one of the
main factors that determine if one business operates well. As any good employer
knows, all employees perform their works in different manners. In addition, it is a
common for a group of workers to have different levels of their job performance. By
implementing the WLAN-based system in an organization, the heads can view the
effects of WLAN and determine if it’s really helps them to improve their job
performance in terms of mobility, productivity, efficiency, and communication skills.
The performance outgrow of a worker will reflect on how they
passionate and inspired in doing his work and have a huge impact on the growth of
a business. Thus, work excellence becomes a reality.
According to Harold S. Geneen, an American businessman most
famous for serving as president of the ITT Corporation, “It is an immutable law in
business that words are words, explanations are explanations, promises are
promises-but only performance is reality.”
This study is conducted to assess the effectiveness of using WLAN
on the job performance of the employees in terms of mobility, productivity,
efficiency, and communication skills. This study is conducted in consideration that
installing WLAN in businesses is the latest trend and to test if it has significant
effect on improving the job performance of the workers in one company.
This study will be helpful for the current and future business owners
to decide whether to install WLAN or stick to the traditional LAN connection.
The following research aims were developed as a tool for the
research topic: (1) To examine the usage of WLAN towards the enhancing of job
performance of the employees in terms of mobility, productivity efficiency, and
communication skills; (2) To enumerate and discuss the impacts of WLAN in one’s
business and to the workers, if there is any; (3) To prove if WLAN helps the
employees in improving their job performance in terms of mobility, productivity and
efficiency; and (4) To provide findings based on the outcome of the research that
will be helpful on the needed persons.
Background of the Study
During 1970 in the University of Hawaii, under the leadership of
Norman Abramson, an American engineer and computer scientist developed the
world’s first computer communication network named ALOHAnet using a low-cost
ham-like radio. The bi-directional star topology of the system included seven
computers deployed over four islands to communicate with the central computer on
the Oahu Island without using phone lines.
In year 1979, F.R. Gfeller and U. Bapst published a paper in the IEEE
Proceedings reporting an experimental wireless local area network using a diffused
infrared communications. In 1980, P. Ferrert reported about an experimental
application of a single code spread spectrum radio for wireless terminal
communications in the IEEE National Telecommunications Conference. In 1984, a
comparison between Infrared and CDMA spread spectrum communications for
wireless office information networks was published by Kaveh Pahlavan in IEEE
Computer
Networking
Symposium
which
appeared
later
in
the
IEEE
Communication Society Magazine. In May 1985, the efforts of Marcusled, the FCC
to announce experimental ISM bands for commercial application of spread
spectrum technology. Later on, M. Kavehrad reported on an experimental wireless
PBX system using code division multiple access. These efforts prompted
significant industrial activities in the development of a new generation of wireless
local area networks and it updated several old discussions in the portable and
mobile radio industry.
The first generation of wireless data modems was developed in the
year 1980 by amateur communication groups. They added a voice band data
communication modem, with data rates below 9600 bit/s, to an existing short
distance radio system such as a walkie talkie. The second generation of wireless
modems was developed immediately after the FCC announcement in the
experimental bands for non-military use of the spread spectrum technology. These
modems provided data rates on the order of hundreds of kbit/s. The third
generation of wireless modem aimed at compatibility with the existing LANs with
data rates on the order of Mbit/s. Several companies developed the third
generation products with data rates above 1 Mbit/s and a couple of products had
already been announced by the time of the first IEEE Workshop on Wireless LANs.
The first of the IEEE Workshops on Wireless LAN was held during
1991. At that time early wireless LAN products had just appeared in the market and
the IEEE 802.11 committee had just started its activities to develop a standard for
wireless LANs. The focus of that first workshop was evaluation of the alternative
technologies. In 1996, the technology was relatively mature. A variety of
applications had been identified and addressed and technologies that enable these
applications were understood. Chip sets aimed at wireless LAN implementations
and applications, a key enabling technology for rapid market growth, were
emerging in the market. Wireless LANs were being used in hospitals, stock
exchanges, and other in building and campus settings for nomadic access, pointto-point LAN bridges, ad-hoc networking, and even larger applications through
internetworking. The IEEE 802.11 standard and variants and alternatives, such as
the wireless LAN interloper ability forum and the European HIPERLAN specification
had made rapid progress, and the Unlicensed Personal Communications Services
(PCS) and the proposed SUPERNet, which later on renamed as UNII, bands also
presented new opportunities.
On July 21, 1999, AirPort debuted at the Macworld Expo in New York
City with Steve Jobs picking up an iBook supposedly to give the cameraman a
better shot as he surfed the Web. People quickly applause when they realized
there were no wires. This was the first time Wireless LAN became publicly
available at consumer pricing and easily available for home use. Before the release
of the Airport, Wireless LAN was too expensive for consumer use and used
exclusively in large corporate settings.
Originally, WLAN hardware was so expensive that it was only used as
an alternative to cabled LAN in places where cabling was difficult or impossible.
Early development included industry-specific solutions and proprietary protocols,
but at the end of the 1990s these were replaced by standards, primarily the various
versions of IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi).An alternative ATM-like 5 GHz standardized
technology, HIPERLAN, has so far not succeeded in the market, and with the
release of the faster 54 Mbit/s 802.11a (5 GHz) and 802.11g (2.4 GHz) standards,
almost certainly never will.
In 2009, 802.11n was added to 802.11. It operates in both the 2.4
GHz and 5 GHz bands at a maximum data transfer rate of 600 Mbit/s. Most of the
newer routers are able to utilize both wireless bands, known as dual band. This
allows data communications to avoid the crowded 2.4 GHz band, which is also
shared with Bluetooth devices and microwave ovens. The 5 GHz band is also
wider than the 2.4 GHz band, with more channels, which permits a greater
number of devices to share the space. Not all channels are available in all
regions.
Choosing to install WLANs or stick to the traditional wired LAN is
debatable on technical forums and it is a major issue for the businesses. There are
advantages and disadvantages on both wired LANs and WLANs. And the concern
of this research is about the aspects of WLAN. The advantages of WLAN are the
fast setup, mobility, low cost and expandability or the ease of adding and moving
workstations. On the other hand, its disadvantages are the difficulty to secure,
interference, inconsistent connections huge power consumption and lesser speed
than wired LANs. Although many businesses want mobility for their workers, the
main concern is if the WLANs really effective on improving work performance of the
workers against wired LANs.
Conceptual Framework
INPUT
Company
with
Wireless
Local
Area
Network
PROCESS
PPROCES
S
Assessment
through survey
questionnaire
questionnaires
to the
employees
Data Gathering
Presentation,
analysis and
interpretation of
results
OUTPUT
Results
Determined the
Effectiveness
of using WLAN
on the Job
Performance of
the Employees
in Terms of
Mobility,
Productivity,
Efficiency
Efficiency,and
and
Communication
skills
FEEDBACK
Figure 1. The research paradigm of the effectiveness of using WLAN
on the job performance of the employees in terms of mobility, productivity,
efficiency, and communication skills.
The researchers conceived the conceptual framework of this study
based on the Input-Process-Output (IPO) system approach. This approach is
composed of interrelated elements that served as our guide in solving the problem
under investigation.
The first element is referred to as the input. It includes a company
with wireless local area network. The second element is called the process. It
involves the assessment by conducting a survey questionnaire to the employees of
selected company, data gathering, and presentation, analysis and interpretation of
result. And the last element is the output. It states the results of data being
processed. The performance in terms of mobility, productivity, efficiency, and
communication skills is represent by the result of the survey answered by the
respondents in terms of their profile.
Statement of the Problem
This research aims to study the effectiveness of using WLAN on the
work performance of the employees.
Specifically, the research seeks answers to the following questions:
1.
What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
1.3 Civil Status
1.4 Type of Employment
1.5 Length of Service
2.
What are the effects of using WLAN on the job performance of the
employees in terms of:
2.1 Mobility
2.2 Productivity
2.3 Efficiency
2.4 Communication Skills
3.
Is there a significant relationship between the respondents profile and
the effects of using WLAN on their job performance?
Hypothesis
Ho: There is no significant relationship between the respondents’
profile and the effects of using WLAN on their job performance.
Scope and Limitation of the Study
This investigation is conducted to determine the effectiveness of
using Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) on the job performance of the
employees in terms of mobility, productivity and efficiency in selected companies in
Santa Rosa City, Laguna as perceived by themselves.
The study focuses on the employees working in a selected company
in Santa Rosa, Laguna. This involves a survey for those employees working in a
WLAN-based company. The selection of the respondents are only limited to 30.
The aspects looked into were the mobility, productivity, efficiency, and
communication skills of a worker.
Significance of the Study
The researchers believe that this research would be a great benefit to
the following:
To the Government
The results will also help if they can apply the usage of WLAN on
their institution and helps to improve the job performance of their employees.
To the Companies
The results of this study would be useful to the administrator to
determine the strength and weaknesses of using Wireless Local Area Network and
helps to decide whether to use WLAN for the betterment of their business.
To the University/School Administrator
The results of the research will help them to determine if WLAN is
applicable on this type of institution to be able to improve the performance of their
workers.
To the managers
It will help them to determine the level of job performance of their
employees and to guide them to improve their work more.
To the employees
This study will provide necessary information about the effectiveness
of WLAN on their job performance and enhance it through the recommended
enhancement program.
To the Future Business Owners
It will help them to decide whether to install WLAN if it suited on their
business.
To the Decision Makers
It will provide them the findings of this research to decide for the
approval of installing WLAN on their institution or for their other purposes.
To the Future Researchers
They will benefit from this study; this may serve as a prototype plan
for their research. The findings of this study can be used as basis of other future
studies concerning on the same topic of this research.
Definition of Terms
The following terms were defined according on the concept and
operation for clarification and better understanding.
Communication Skills refers to the ability to convey information to another
effectively and efficiently.
Company refers to an association or collection of individuals, whether natural
persons, legal persons, or a mixture of both
Efficiency refers to the specific purpose of relaying the capability of a specific
application of effort to produce a specific outcome effectively with a minimum
amount or quantity of waste, expense, or unnecessary effort.
Employee refers to anyone who has agreed to be employed, under a contract of
service, to work for some form of payment.
Employment refers to the relationship between two parties, usually based on a
contract, one being the employer and the other being the employee.
Job Performance refers to the overall expected value from employees’ behaviors
carried out over the course of a set period of time (Motowidlo, Borman, & Schmidt,
1997).
Mobility refers on the shift in work habits, with more employees working out of the
office and using mobile devices and cloud services to perform business tasks.
Productivity refers to the amount of units of a product or service that an employee
handles in a defined time frame.
Service refers to the set of actions or solutions that are put in place or performed
to provide a repeatable and consistent set of outcomes, deliverables, and
performance for people, organizations, and systems that represent consumers or
beneficiaries of such results.
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) refers to the links of two or more devices
using a wireless communication method. It usually provides a connection through
an Access Point (AP) to the wider internet.
CHAPTER 2
Review of Related Literature
Introduction
In my literature review, I have found a good representative literatures
discussing about the importance and advantages of Wireless Local Area
Network. However, little is written in detail about its effect on the job
performance of the employees. By studying the relevant literature, it will help
me understand more fully how WLANs play a big role in developing the job
performance of an employee.
Foreign Studies
The wireless local area network is today a ubiquitous device often taken for
granted as a default interface for networked devices by users and
manufacturers alike. When the first personal computers appeared in the late
1970’s, they were meant to be placed on a desk. However, with the advent of
laptop computers in the 1980’s, and handheld computers in the 1990’s, people
began using these devices in airplanes, automobiles or outside. This new
mobility presented new problems when the internet became widely used in the
mid 1990’s. People wanted to access the internet wherever they were. As a
solution, engineers proposed connecting computers to the internet through a
wireless radio link rather than ordinary wires – a wireless local area network.
The concept of wireless LAN was developed in the 1980’s, following the
experiments performed by Norman Abramson at the University of Hawaii when
testing for the first time the wireless communication between computers. A
milestone in WLAN development occurred in 1985, when the Federal
Communication Commission in the USA announced experimental industrial,
scientific and medical (ISM) frequency bands for commercial applications of the
spread spectrum technology which was being investigated for realizing WLANs.
Since then, several efforts have been made to design an effective and
affordable WLAN technology. (Paolo Santi, 2012)
(Clark et al, 1978) defined WLAN as a data communication network, typically a
packet communication network, limited in geographic scope. While (Flickenger,
2005) see it as a group of wireless access points and associated infrastructure
with in a limited geographic area, such as an office building or building campus,
that is capable of radio communications.
Wireless LANs represent a major area for potential growth in this “new, new
economy”, given the benefits offered by their implementation (including
increased flexibility, productivity, and cost-effectiveness). With over 10% of US
organizations having already either piloted or deployed wireless LAN
infrastructure (with more than 25% having done so in some sectors), wireless
LAN technologies are poised for dramatic growth over the next few years.
Indeed, the market for wireless LANs is projected to grow from $1.2 billion in
2000 to more than $5.6 billion in 2005. (Cahners-instat, April 2001)
Nowadays, one significant ways for employees to stay in touch besides cell
phones,
laptops, and handheld computers is wireless LAN. A wireless local area network
uses high frequency radio waves rather than wires to communicate between
computers or other devices (Webopedia, 2004). WLAN provide a variety of
benefits
to an organization. It can provide mobility and flexibility, which can lead to
improvements in productivity and business opportunities (Wireless LAN, 2004).
Wireless local area networks (WLANs) keep mobile workers connected without
information technology (IT) professionals having to install wiring through-out
a building. Temporary workspaces can be set up and internet access can be
made available in different meeting locations without the need to rewire.
Wireless Internet service providers (WISPs) are also offering access at various
locations that would make it convenient to travellers and mobile workers
(Public Access, 2004). They are able to connect their laptops or other devices
without wires or having to find a data port in airports or hotels. Unlike the past
when employees worked from the same location, organizations today enjoy
more freedom and flexibility in their workforces because of wireless local area
networks (Cisco, 2004).
Different organizations using wireless networks enable their employees to gain
access to valuable information pertaining to the business whenever necessary.
Not only would vital data be available that could aid an employee in closing a
deal, but time could also be saved when correspondences can be answered
quickly and at any place via e-mail. Organizations are investing in wireless
local-area networks because they feel their requirements for increased
productivity are being met and wireless networks will expand in the future
(Intel, 2004).
Canada, US and UK have reported that managers worked longer hours and
Experienced a sense of “working high speed” all the time as reported by HRDC
(2005), Patel (2002), and Guest (2002) respectively. This appears as a
worldwide trend both in developing and developed countries (Bell & Hart,
1999; Black & Lynch, 2001; Guest, 2002; Healy, 2000). While some employees
enjoy compensation for the extended work hours and their 24/7 accessibility,
for most executives, who are not covered by the overtime legislation
(US_Department_of_Labor, 2006), these extra hours are just an extension of
their work demands. The ICT cluster seems to be adding on to the virtual
hours worked. Extended work hours are reported to have an adverse impact on
work-life balance of employees (Chesley, 2005; Gutek et al., 1991;
Parasuraman & Simmers, 2001) and on employee health (Sparks et al., 1997).
There is a growing concern on the ability of communication technologies to
create an “e-leash” on employees (Rothberg, 2006). Addiction to these
technologies is considered comparable to drug addiction (McIntyre, 2006). With
increasing concerns on the deteriorating quality of home and family life leading
to a variety of social problems, the concept of work-life balance has drown the
attention of the workforce, employers, and public policy makers. Therefore, it
would be important to assess the true impact of the ICT cluster on the worklife balance of modern employees.
Recent literature analyzed the usage patterns of mobile devices addressing
Diverse issues (Arnold, 2003; Chesley, 2005; Churchill & Munro, 2001;
Jarvenpaa & Lang, 2005; Perry et al., 2001; Schlosser, 2002). Schlosser
(2002) focused on the meanings assigned by employees to mobile devices
while the paradoxes of mobile usage were addressed by Jarvenpaa and Lang
(2005). Research has also addressed the concepts of “anytime, anywhere” in
the context of teleworking (Nath & Chen, 2005; Perry et al., 2001; Venkatesh
et al., 2003).
Local Studies
The increasing importance of Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) in policy discussions is due in part to what it can bring to the developing
world, and these are, more efficient governments, productive businesses,
globally competitive knowledge workers, and empowered rural communities. In
another, beyond these possibilities, there is also growing evidence that ICT, if
used in the right way and for the right purposes, can have a dramatic impact
on social and economic development goals as well as play a key role in broader
national development strategies (Digital Community Task Force, 2001).
Reinforcing these hopes about ICTs is the observation that information
is becoming a critical resource and basis for competition that leaves developing
countries with no real choice but to invest in ICT in order to participate in the
global economy and consequently avoid the tremendous costs of exclusion
(Arjun Bedi, 1999).Over the past decades, ICT, particularly the Internet, has
become an important tool for development. There are very good reasons for
why developing countries should include widespread use of the Internet in their
development goals. The Internet can help improve governance, can create
more productive businesses, and can promote knowledge communities.
The Internet can facilitate better governance by making government
processes more efficient and transparent, and contribute to delivering useful
government information and services quickly. By 2005, of the 191 UN Member
States, 179 (or almost 94%) had some form of eGovernment initiative, up
From 178 member states in 2004 and 143 member states in 2001. According
to the UN eGovernment Report, “not only did more countries come online, they
expanded and consolidated their e-services further.” However, what could be
the most significant contribution of Internet use in governance is enhancing
citizen participation. Some have argued that the Internet has made direct
democracy possible.
The Internet is a unique technology in that it provides universal access to
information and knowledge, affording the “same powerful capabilities to
everyone who has access to the network no matter where they are.” This
equality of access is a key reason why the Internet fosters innovation. Anyone
with a possible solution can simply connect to the Internet to see if the solution
works or might be seen by others as useful. Lawrence Lessig believes that the
'end-to-end' design of the Internet (where the 'intelligence' is at the edge of
The network) “renders the Internet an innovation commons, where innovators
Can develop and deploy new applications or content without the permission of
anyone else” (emphasis in original). The Internet as an innovations common is
even more apparent with Web 2.0.
The current definition of universal access is based on three key characteristics:
affordability, accessibility and quality of service (Tim Kelly, 1999).
Governments, however, have the choice to define and set indicators of access
in consideration of these. Universal access definitions, indicators, and targets
are normally identified in national development plans. Logic and practicability
of universality definition are critical since indicators and targets hinge on these
definitions. Finally, universal access is discussed not only in terms of access to
devices or services that provide the conduit for information. It is also discussed
in terms of access to information or content itself, and usability. Bridges.org
identifies “real access” criteria to analyze all issues surrounding ICT access and
use.
Since the passing of Republic Act (RA) No. 7925 (s. 1995), the major
telecommunications law, more than a decade ago, there has been a notable
increase in access to ICT and ICT services. Progress in installed line teledensity
has been evident in its increase from 2.01 in 1995 (since the passing of the
law) to 9.12 in 1999, while in mobile network coverage, 99% of the total
population was reached (Figure 2, below). The Philippines has the most
number of SMS messages sent in the world, and this number has increased
exponentially with an increase in the number of its subscribers. At the same
time, Internet
subscribers more than doubled in number compared to 3 years ago23. We also
can boast of more than 700 operating telecenters and information kiosks to
service outlying provinces and municipalities, and this apart from a good
number of cybercafes that have been set up and were made possible by lower
investment costs for Internet businesses over the last 5 years. The Philippines
has joined the ICT revolution.
Chapter III
Methodology of Research and Procedure
This chapter presents the research methodology and procedures employed on
the collection, analysis and interpretation of the data required in this study.
Furthermore, it contains the type of research method used, description of the
respondents, type of instrument used and validation, data gathering procedure and the
statistical treatment of data.
Research Method Used
This study made use of Descriptive Research Method which is designed for
the researchers to gather information about the effectiveness of using wireless local area
network (WLAN) on the job performance of the employees of selected companies in Santa
Rosa, Laguna. It includes the recording, description, analysis and the presentation of the
information gathered and processes involve.
According to Calderon (1996), the Descriptive Research Method is a
purposive process of data gathering, analyzing, classifying, and tabulating data about
prevailing conditions,
practices, beliefs, processes, trends, and cause-and-effect
relationships and then adequate and accurate interpretation about such data with or without
the aid of statistical treatment (Cited Macatangay, 2013, p. 368).
Since this study is concern with the effects of wlan, the gathered data should
be properly interpret and validate to obtain concrete fact and strong-based information
about the subject.
Description of the Respondents
The researchers were able to gather information composing of 30 selected
employees. 10 of the respondents came from Century Tuna Food Incorporated and the 20
respondents came from Malate Po Trading.
Sampling Design
The study used non probability sampling of subjects. In this sampling
design, the researcher selects the respondents who were conveniently available. The
respondents of the study were the employees.
Non-probability sampling is a sampling technique where the samples are
gathered in a process that does not give all the individuals in the population equal chances
of being selected.
Convenience sampling is probably the most common of all sampling
techniques. With convenience sampling, the samples are selected because they are
accessible to the researcher. Subjects are chosen simply because they are easy to recruit.
This technique is considered easiest, cheapest and least time consuming.
Sampling may be defined as measuring a small portion of something and
then making a general statement about the whole thing. It enables the study of a large,
heterogeneous population more economic wise, meaning not too costly, and more realistic
and possible to make.
Research Instrument Used
Under the basic types of Descriptive Research Method, the technique used is
the Survey Method, which is also known as normative survey. With this method,
researchers are able to statistically study the specific areas that must be concentrate.
Findings regarding the effectiveness of using wlan which are commonly adopted by the
employees are obtained with the use of the survey method.
In survey method, the respondents answer questions given through
interviews or questionnaires. After the respondents answer the questions, the researchers
describe the responses given. In order for the survey to be both reliable and valid, it is
important that the questions are constructed properly. Questions should be written so they
are clear and easy to comprehend (Hale, n.d.: online)
Survey questionnaire will be the main instrument of the study. The
questionnaire will consist of four parts: profile of the respondent and the question proper.
The survey questionnaire was distributed on their work area.
The instrument used was a researcher made questionnaire checklist to gather
the needed date. The draft of the questionnaire was drawn out based on the researchers
readings. In the preparation of the instrument, the requirements in the designing of good
data collection instrument were considered.
Data gathering procedure
The first step before going to the testing proper is to make a request letter
from the managers of the company. Upon approval, the researchers retrieves the request
letter. The employees from the two companies were selected in the administration of
survey. The respondents were given enough time to answer the questions. After the data
gathering, the researchers now collected it for the tallying the scores and to apply the
statistical treatment to be used with the study.
Statistical Treatment of Data
The following were used for the interpretation of data:
Frequencies-Percentage was used in determining the profiles of the respondents in terms
of demographic variables (age, gender, civil status, company, length of service and type of
employment) and their response on the survey. The formula is
Where:
f – Frequency
N – Number of cases
Weighted mean will be used to identify the weak and strong areas for this study. The
formula is
∑
Pearson r was used to determine if there is significant relationship between the profile of
the respondents and their level of job performance using WLAN.
Likert scale
We used this values for interpreting the mean of the values.
Weight
4.50 above
3.50-4.49
2.50-3.49
1.50-2.49
Below 1.50
Scale
5
4
3
2
1
Verbal Interpretation
Strongly Agree
Agree
Moderately Agree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
CHAPTER 4
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
This chapter presents the findings, analysis and interpretation of data
gathered whose main objective is to found out the effectiveness of using WLAN on the
job performance of the employees.
The research problems enumerated in Chapter 1 serve as the guide for the
presentation, analysis and interpretation of data.
After the survey was conducted, the data gathered were tabulated, treated
statistically and analyze according to the specific problems of the study.
Table 1
Profile of the Respondents in terms of age
Age
18-20
21-23
24-26
27-29
30-32
33-35
36-38
Total
Average Age: 26.17
Frequency
8
2
2
6
5
4
3
30
Percentage
26.67%
6.67%
6.67%
20%
16.67%
13.33%
10%
100%
Rank
1
6.5
6.5
2
3
4
5
Table shows the profile of the respondents. Most of the respondents were
age 18-20 years old with 8 respondents and the least were ages 21-23 and 26-26 years
old with both two respondents each.
Table 2
Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Gender
Gender
Male
Female
Total
Frequency
18
12
30
Percentage
60%
40%
100%
Rank
1
2
In terms of the gender, the majority were male with 18 respondents while
female has 12 respondents.
Table 3
Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Civil Status
Civil Status
Single
Frequency
20
Percentage
66.67%
Rank
1
Married
Total
10
30
33.33%
100%
2
In terms of civil status, most of the workers are single with 20 respondents
while 10 of them are married.
Table 4
Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Employment
Type of
Employment
Regular
Part-Time
Contractual
Total
Frequency
Percentage
Rank
27
2
1
30
90
6.6667
3.3333
100%
1
2
3
In terms of employment, 27 of them were regular, 2 of them are part-time
and only one respondent is contractual.
Table 5
Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Length of Service
Length of Service
Less than 1 year
1-2 years
3-4 years
5 years onwards
Total
Frequency
9
11
8
2
30
Percentage
30%
36.67%
26.67%
6.67%
100%
Rank
2
1
3
4
In terms of length of service, most of the respondents worked for 1-2 years
with 9 respondents and only 2 of them were worked for more than 5 years.
Table 6
Level of Job Performance in terms of Mobility
Statement
5
4
F
3 2 1
1. I can
connect to
WLAN
7 17 3 2 1
anywhere in
our area to
do my work.
2. I use my
own gadgets
like laptops
and mobile
phones to
7 15 2 3 3
connect on
the WLAN
to do my
work.
3. I can
continue my
work at
16 7 1 2 4
home with
the use of
WLAN.
4. I can work
anytime with
6 18 4 2 0
the use of
WLAN.
5. I use
WLAN to
send
important
9 16 3 2 0
documents
files on the
work.
6. With
WLAN, I
can work
7 16 4 2 1
without
supervision
as necessary.
7. With
5 15 5 5 0
WLAN, I
5
4
23.33% 56.67%
23.33%
50%
53.33% 23.33%
P
3
2
1
10%
6.67%
6.67%
10%
3.33%
6.67%
WM
R
VI
3.33%
3.90
4
Agree
10%
3.67
13.33% 3.97
6.5 Agree
2
Agree
20%
60%
13.33%
6.67%
0%
3.93
3
Agree
30%
53.33%
10%
6.67%
0%
4.07
1
Agree
6.67%
3.33%
3.87
5
Agree
0%
3.67
23.33% 53.33% 13.33%
16.67%
50%
16.67% 16.67%
6.5 Agree
use Cloud
storage
services such
as Dropbox
or
SugarSync
to keep work
documents
and
synchronized
as well.
Sub-mean
3.87
Agree
Table 7
Level of Job Performance in terms of Productivity
Statement
5
4
F
3 2 1
1. WLAN helps
me to motivate to
6 18 5 1
be highly
productive.
2. With WLAN, I
work hard and
6 19 5 0
work smart.
3. WLAN helps
me to produce
9 15 4 2
more outputs.
4. WLAN helps
me to produce
12 16 1 1
good quality of
work.
5. WLAN helps
me generates and
10 16 3 1
implements
creative ideas.
6. WLAN helps
me to be
productive beyond 8 17 4 1
standard
requirements.
7. WLAN builds
10 14 5 1
P
5
4
0
20%
60%
0
20%
0
30%
50%
0
40%
53.33%
WM
R
VI
16.67% 3.33% 0% 3.97
7
Agree
3
63.33% 16.67%
2
0%
1
0% 4.03
5.5 Agree
13.33% 6.67% 0% 4.03
5.5 Agree
3.33%
3.33% 0% 4.30
1
Agree
10%
3.33% 0% 4.17
2
Agree
0 26.67% 56.67% 13.33% 3.33% 0% 4.07
4
Agree
0 33.33% 46.67% 16.67% 3.33% 0% 4.10
3
Agree
0 33.33% 53.33%
productivity by
being well
organized.
Sub-mean
4.10
Agree
Table 8
Level of Job Performance in terms of Efficiency
Statement
5
F
4 3 2 1
P
5
1. My workplace
provides me fast
8 15 4 3 0 26.67%
connection to the
WLAN.
2. WLAN helps me
to make my job
10 14 4 2 0 33.33%
easier.
3. WLAN helps me
to finish my work
13 13 2 2 0 43.33%
faster.
4. Through WLAN,
I meet the work
5 19 4 2 0 16.67%
deadlines
5. With WLAN, I
use my time
8 16 5 1 0 26.67%
effectively.
6. With WLAN, I
can work with less
12 12 4 2 0
40%
spend on the
resources.
7. With WLAN, I
can manage
7 18 3 2 0 23.33%
information and
data effectively.
Sub-mean
WM R
VI
4
3
2
1
50%
13.33%
10%
0%
3.93
6
Agree
46.67% 13.33% 6.67% 0%
4.07
3
Agree
43.33%
6.67% 0%
4.23
1
Agree
63.33% 13.33% 6.67% 0%
3.90
7
Agree
53.33% 16.67% 3.33% 0%
4.03
4
Agree
4.13
2
Agree
4.00
5
Agree
40%
60%
6.67%
13.33% 6.67% 0%
10%
6.67% 0%
Table 9
Level of Job Performance in terms of Communication skills
4.04
Agree
Statement
1. With WLAN, I
manage to express
my ideas clearly.
2. With the aid
WLAN, I can
propose solutions
to problems.
3. With the aid of
WLAN, I can
demonstrate
effective
communication
skills.
4. With the aid of
WLAN, I
collaborate
effectively with
other department
members as
necessary.
5. With the
WLAN, I
determine possible
causes of
confusion, and I
deal with them up
front.
6.With WLAN, I
communicate
easily with
employees at all
levels
7. With WLAN, I
always wellorganized with my
written work.
Sub-mean
5
4
F
3 2 1
P
5
4
3
2
1
R
VI
3.77
7
Agree
4 19 3 4 0 13.33% 63.33%
10%
4 20 3 3 0 13.33% 66.67%
10%
10%
0%
3.83
5.5
Agree
6 18 3 3 0
20%
60%
10%
10%
0%
3.90
4
Agree
9 15 4 2 0
30%
50%
13.33%
6.67%
0%
4.03
1
Agree
6 16 5 3 0
20%
53.33% 16.67%
10%
0%
3.83
5.5
Agree
6 19 2 3 0
20%
63.33%
6.67%
10%
0%
3.93
2.5
Agree
70%
3.33%
10%
0%
3.93
2.5
Agree
5 21 1 3 0 16.67%
13.33% 0%
WM
3.89
Table 10
Total Level of Job Performance
Agree
Areas of Job
Performance
Mobility
Productivity
Efficiency
Communication
Skills
Grand Mean
WM
R
VI
3.87
4.10
4.04
4
1
2
Agree
Agree
Agree
3.89
3
Agree
3.96
Agree
The respondents agree on the areas of job performance in mobility, productivity,efficiency,and
communication skills with the weighted mean of 3.87, 4.10, 4.04, and 3.89 respectively
Table 11
Correlation in terms of age
Areas of Job
Performance
r value
Mobility
0.12654
VI
D
f
Very
small
2
8
α
critica
l
value
p value
VI
Decisio
n
0.0
5
-0.361
0.67501
Significa
nt
Reject
Ho
Productivity
0.05983
5
Efficiency
0.00981
8
Communicatio
n Skills
0.03227
Total
0.03133
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
0.361
0.31718
4
Not
significan
t
Accept
Ho
0.0
5
0.361
0.05195
4
Significa
nt
Reject
Ho
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
0.17083
Not
Significa
nt
Accept
Ho
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
Not
significan
t
Accept
Ho
VI
Decisio
n
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.16585
Table 12
Correlation in terms of gender
Areas of Job
Performance
Mobility
Productivity
Efficiency
Communicatio
n Skills
Total
r value
0.2193
8
0.0474
7
0.1485
2
0.1722
8
VI
Very small
correlatio
n
Very small
correlatio
n
Very small
correlatio
n
Very small
correlatio
n
Very small
- correlatio
0.1700 n
9
df
α
critica
l value
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
-0.361
p
value
1.1898
6
0.2514
8
-0.7947
0.9254
5
0.9133
6
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Not
Significan
t
Significan
t
Accept
Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Reject Ho
Table 13
Correlation in terms of company
Areas of Job
Performance
Mobility
Productivity
Efficiency
Communicatio
n Skills
Total
r value
0.5595
4
0.0109
6
0.1624
7
0.2622
3
VI
High
correlation
Very small
correlation
Very small
correlation
Moderatel
y small
correlation
Moderatel
-0.2959 y small
correlation
df
α
critica
l value
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
-0.361
p
value
3.5723
8
0.0580
2
0.8712
8
1.4378
9
1.6391
4
VI
Decisio
n
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Not
significant
Accept
Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Table 14
Correlation in terms of civil status
Areas of Job
Performance
Mobility
Productivity
Efficiency
Communicatio
n Skills
Total
r value
0.0417
6
0.3179
3
VI
Very small
correlation
moderately
small
correlation
Moderatel
y small
-0.3114 correlation
Very small
correlation
-0.1718
- Very small
critica
l value
df
α
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
0.0
-0.361
-0.361
p
value
0.2211
5
1.7744
2
1.7339
8
0.9228
2
-
VI
Decisio
n
Not
Significan
t
Significan
t
Accept
Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
Reject Ho
Reject Ho
0.2251 correlation
4
8
1.2227 t
1
5
Table 15
Correlation in terms of employment
Areas of Job
Performance
r value
Mobility
-0.16969
Productivity
0.15133
6
Efficiency
0.01196
1
Communicatio
n Skills
Total
0.06091
2
0.00397
8
VI
Very small
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
Very small
correlatio
n
Very small
correlatio
n
df
α
2
8
0.0
5
critica
l value
p value
-0.361
VI
Decisio
n
significan
t
Reject Ho
significan
t
Reject Ho
-0.91115
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
-0.361
0.81012
4
Not
significan
0.06329 t
7
Not
0.32291 significan
4 t
Not
significan
0.02105 t
Accept
Ho
Accept
Ho
Accept
Ho
Table 16
Correlation in terms of length of service
Areas of Job
Performance
Mobility
Productivity
r value
0.6195
7
0.1794
1
VI
High
correlation
Very small
correlation
df
α
critica
l value
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
p
value
0.6195
7
0.1794
1
VI
Decisio
n
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Not
significant
Accept
Ho
Efficiency
Communicatio
n Skills
Total
0.3791
3
0.4629
6
0.4728
1
Moderatel
y small
correlation
Moderatel
y small
correlation
Moderatel
y small
correlation
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
-0.361
-0.361
0.3791
3
0.4629
6
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
- t
0.4728
1
Reject Ho
Chapter 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter combines the highlights of the significant findings of the study,
conclusions and the recommendations presented by the researcher.
This research work was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of using
wlan on the job performance of the employees.
Specifically, the research seeks answers to the following questions:
3.
What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:
3.1 Age
3.2 Gender
3.3 Civil Status
3.4 Type of Employment
3.5 Length of Service
4.
What are the effects of using WLAN on the job performance of the
employees in terms of:
2.1 Mobility
2.2 Productivity
2.3 Efficiency
2.4 Communication Skills
5.
Is there a significant relationship between the respondents profile and
the effects of using WLAN on their job performance?
Ho: There is no significant relationship between the respondent’s
profile and the effects of using WLAN on their job performance.
Summary of Findings
According to our findings regarding the significant relationship between the
respondent’s profile and the effects of using WLAN, it shows that there is significant
relationship between the Job performance and the profile of the respondents in terms of
gender, company, civil status and length of service. While there is no significant
relationship between the job performance and the profile of the respondents in terms of age
and type of employment.
Conclusions
The following conclusions were revealed by this study:
1. In terms of the gender, the majority were male with 18 respondents while female has
12 respondents.
2. In terms of civil status, most of the workers are single with 20 respondents while 10
of them are married.
3. . Most of the respondents were age 18-20 years old with 8 respondents and the least
were ages 21-23 and 26-26 years old with both two respondents each.
4. In terms of employment, 27 of them were regular, 2 of them are part-time and only
one respondent is contractual.
5. In terms of length of service, most of the respondents worked for 1-2 years with 9
respondents and only 2 of them were worked for more than 5 years.
6. The respondents agree on the areas of job performance in mobility,
productivity,efficiency,and communication skills with the weighted mean of 3.87, 4.10,
4.04, and 3.89 respectively
Recommendations
To the Government
They can apply the usage of WLAN on their institution and helps to
improve the job performance of their employees.
To the Companies
I will be useful to the administrator to determine the strength and
weaknesses of using Wireless Local Area Network and helps to decide whether to
use WLAN for the betterment of their business.
To the University/School Administrator
It will help them to determine if WLAN is applicable on this type of
institution to be able to improve the performance of their workers.
To the managers
It will help them to determine the level of job performance of their
employees and to guide them to improve their work more.
To the employees
This study will provide necessary information about the effectiveness
of WLAN on their job performance and enhance it through the recommended
enhancement program.
To the Future Business Owners
It will help them to decide whether to install WLAN if it suited on their
business.
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
This chapter introduces the problem and the background of the study
with emphasis to the effectiveness of using Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)
on the job performance of the respondents in terms of mobility, productivity and
efficiency, and communication skills.
Introduction
There is no doubt that we are in the wireless era. All the existing
technologies and devices that uses copper wires, which are been around for ages,
are now becoming wireless. The term wireless refers to the transfer of information
of signals without using wires. Going wireless is the latest trend in technology due
on its gaining popularity in these past years. It is a product of human endeavor as
we seek new innovation to meet the driving demand for a wider and more
extensive communication. While traditional wired solutions provide us a sense or
reliability, convenience has become a large part of our needs. People are now
enjoying the benefits of wireless technology from the pc units and laptops
connecting wirelessly on the internet, to Wi-Fi enabled phones, and even today’s
hospitals implement the wireless technology-based system for medical purposes.
But all of these, the most important application which is the topic for this research is
the wireless network, specifically the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN).
Networking is an interconnection of system through a channel with
the sole purpose of exchanging information by putting certain set of rules which are
defined within the system (Babalola, 2012). One type of network is the WLAN. It
links two or more devices using a wireless communication method. It usually
provides a connection through an Access Point (AP) to the wider internet. It provide
the users the ability to move around within a local coverage area and still be
connected to the network. Just like the cordless telephone frees people to make a
phone call from anywhere in their home, a WLAN permits people to use their
computers anywhere in the network area, such as an office building or corporate
campus. Because of the installation was quick and easy, and the increasing
popularity of laptop computers, WLANs have been widely deployed (Huang, 2012)
Most of the firms in the work industry are converting their wired LANs
into WLANs for the owners or the heads to reach further their employees and at the
same time for the employees to connect anywhere within the range of the access
point by offering to them a wireless access. Since these changes began, the
employees should adopt the WLANs to perform their work duties. And also the
heads wanted their workers to be familiar with the system to be able to utilize its
advantages which helps them to improve their work performance which is their
biggest concern for them.
And it is known that the job performance of an employee is one of the
main factors that determine if one business operates well. As any good employer
knows, all employees perform their works in different manners. In addition, it is a
common for a group of workers to have different levels of their job performance. By
implementing the WLAN-based system in an organization, the heads can view the
effects of WLAN and determine if it’s really helps them to improve their job
performance in terms of mobility, productivity, efficiency, and communication skills.
The performance outgrow of a worker will reflect on how they
passionate and inspired in doing his work and have a huge impact on the growth of
a business. Thus, work excellence becomes a reality.
According to Harold S. Geneen, an American businessman most
famous for serving as president of the ITT Corporation, “It is an immutable law in
business that words are words, explanations are explanations, promises are
promises-but only performance is reality.”
This study is conducted to assess the effectiveness of using WLAN
on the job performance of the employees in terms of mobility, productivity,
efficiency, and communication skills. This study is conducted in consideration that
installing WLAN in businesses is the latest trend and to test if it has significant
effect on improving the job performance of the workers in one company.
This study will be helpful for the current and future business owners
to decide whether to install WLAN or stick to the traditional LAN connection.
The following research aims were developed as a tool for the
research topic: (1) To examine the usage of WLAN towards the enhancing of job
performance of the employees in terms of mobility, productivity efficiency, and
communication skills; (2) To enumerate and discuss the impacts of WLAN in one’s
business and to the workers, if there is any; (3) To prove if WLAN helps the
employees in improving their job performance in terms of mobility, productivity and
efficiency; and (4) To provide findings based on the outcome of the research that
will be helpful on the needed persons.
Background of the Study
During 1970 in the University of Hawaii, under the leadership of
Norman Abramson, an American engineer and computer scientist developed the
world’s first computer communication network named ALOHAnet using a low-cost
ham-like radio. The bi-directional star topology of the system included seven
computers deployed over four islands to communicate with the central computer on
the Oahu Island without using phone lines.
In year 1979, F.R. Gfeller and U. Bapst published a paper in the IEEE
Proceedings reporting an experimental wireless local area network using a diffused
infrared communications. In 1980, P. Ferrert reported about an experimental
application of a single code spread spectrum radio for wireless terminal
communications in the IEEE National Telecommunications Conference. In 1984, a
comparison between Infrared and CDMA spread spectrum communications for
wireless office information networks was published by Kaveh Pahlavan in IEEE
Computer
Networking
Symposium
which
appeared
later
in
the
IEEE
Communication Society Magazine. In May 1985, the efforts of Marcusled, the FCC
to announce experimental ISM bands for commercial application of spread
spectrum technology. Later on, M. Kavehrad reported on an experimental wireless
PBX system using code division multiple access. These efforts prompted
significant industrial activities in the development of a new generation of wireless
local area networks and it updated several old discussions in the portable and
mobile radio industry.
The first generation of wireless data modems was developed in the
year 1980 by amateur communication groups. They added a voice band data
communication modem, with data rates below 9600 bit/s, to an existing short
distance radio system such as a walkie talkie. The second generation of wireless
modems was developed immediately after the FCC announcement in the
experimental bands for non-military use of the spread spectrum technology. These
modems provided data rates on the order of hundreds of kbit/s. The third
generation of wireless modem aimed at compatibility with the existing LANs with
data rates on the order of Mbit/s. Several companies developed the third
generation products with data rates above 1 Mbit/s and a couple of products had
already been announced by the time of the first IEEE Workshop on Wireless LANs.
The first of the IEEE Workshops on Wireless LAN was held during
1991. At that time early wireless LAN products had just appeared in the market and
the IEEE 802.11 committee had just started its activities to develop a standard for
wireless LANs. The focus of that first workshop was evaluation of the alternative
technologies. In 1996, the technology was relatively mature. A variety of
applications had been identified and addressed and technologies that enable these
applications were understood. Chip sets aimed at wireless LAN implementations
and applications, a key enabling technology for rapid market growth, were
emerging in the market. Wireless LANs were being used in hospitals, stock
exchanges, and other in building and campus settings for nomadic access, pointto-point LAN bridges, ad-hoc networking, and even larger applications through
internetworking. The IEEE 802.11 standard and variants and alternatives, such as
the wireless LAN interloper ability forum and the European HIPERLAN specification
had made rapid progress, and the Unlicensed Personal Communications Services
(PCS) and the proposed SUPERNet, which later on renamed as UNII, bands also
presented new opportunities.
On July 21, 1999, AirPort debuted at the Macworld Expo in New York
City with Steve Jobs picking up an iBook supposedly to give the cameraman a
better shot as he surfed the Web. People quickly applause when they realized
there were no wires. This was the first time Wireless LAN became publicly
available at consumer pricing and easily available for home use. Before the release
of the Airport, Wireless LAN was too expensive for consumer use and used
exclusively in large corporate settings.
Originally, WLAN hardware was so expensive that it was only used as
an alternative to cabled LAN in places where cabling was difficult or impossible.
Early development included industry-specific solutions and proprietary protocols,
but at the end of the 1990s these were replaced by standards, primarily the various
versions of IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi).An alternative ATM-like 5 GHz standardized
technology, HIPERLAN, has so far not succeeded in the market, and with the
release of the faster 54 Mbit/s 802.11a (5 GHz) and 802.11g (2.4 GHz) standards,
almost certainly never will.
In 2009, 802.11n was added to 802.11. It operates in both the 2.4
GHz and 5 GHz bands at a maximum data transfer rate of 600 Mbit/s. Most of the
newer routers are able to utilize both wireless bands, known as dual band. This
allows data communications to avoid the crowded 2.4 GHz band, which is also
shared with Bluetooth devices and microwave ovens. The 5 GHz band is also
wider than the 2.4 GHz band, with more channels, which permits a greater
number of devices to share the space. Not all channels are available in all
regions.
Choosing to install WLANs or stick to the traditional wired LAN is
debatable on technical forums and it is a major issue for the businesses. There are
advantages and disadvantages on both wired LANs and WLANs. And the concern
of this research is about the aspects of WLAN. The advantages of WLAN are the
fast setup, mobility, low cost and expandability or the ease of adding and moving
workstations. On the other hand, its disadvantages are the difficulty to secure,
interference, inconsistent connections huge power consumption and lesser speed
than wired LANs. Although many businesses want mobility for their workers, the
main concern is if the WLANs really effective on improving work performance of the
workers against wired LANs.
Conceptual Framework
INPUT
Company
with
Wireless
Local
Area
Network
PROCESS
PPROCES
S
Assessment
through survey
questionnaire
questionnaires
to the
employees
Data Gathering
Presentation,
analysis and
interpretation of
results
OUTPUT
Results
Determined the
Effectiveness
of using WLAN
on the Job
Performance of
the Employees
in Terms of
Mobility,
Productivity,
Efficiency
Efficiency,and
and
Communication
skills
FEEDBACK
Figure 1. The research paradigm of the effectiveness of using WLAN
on the job performance of the employees in terms of mobility, productivity,
efficiency, and communication skills.
The researchers conceived the conceptual framework of this study
based on the Input-Process-Output (IPO) system approach. This approach is
composed of interrelated elements that served as our guide in solving the problem
under investigation.
The first element is referred to as the input. It includes a company
with wireless local area network. The second element is called the process. It
involves the assessment by conducting a survey questionnaire to the employees of
selected company, data gathering, and presentation, analysis and interpretation of
result. And the last element is the output. It states the results of data being
processed. The performance in terms of mobility, productivity, efficiency, and
communication skills is represent by the result of the survey answered by the
respondents in terms of their profile.
Statement of the Problem
This research aims to study the effectiveness of using WLAN on the
work performance of the employees.
Specifically, the research seeks answers to the following questions:
1.
What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
1.3 Civil Status
1.4 Type of Employment
1.5 Length of Service
2.
What are the effects of using WLAN on the job performance of the
employees in terms of:
2.1 Mobility
2.2 Productivity
2.3 Efficiency
2.4 Communication Skills
3.
Is there a significant relationship between the respondents profile and
the effects of using WLAN on their job performance?
Hypothesis
Ho: There is no significant relationship between the respondents’
profile and the effects of using WLAN on their job performance.
Scope and Limitation of the Study
This investigation is conducted to determine the effectiveness of
using Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) on the job performance of the
employees in terms of mobility, productivity and efficiency in selected companies in
Santa Rosa City, Laguna as perceived by themselves.
The study focuses on the employees working in a selected company
in Santa Rosa, Laguna. This involves a survey for those employees working in a
WLAN-based company. The selection of the respondents are only limited to 30.
The aspects looked into were the mobility, productivity, efficiency, and
communication skills of a worker.
Significance of the Study
The researchers believe that this research would be a great benefit to
the following:
To the Government
The results will also help if they can apply the usage of WLAN on
their institution and helps to improve the job performance of their employees.
To the Companies
The results of this study would be useful to the administrator to
determine the strength and weaknesses of using Wireless Local Area Network and
helps to decide whether to use WLAN for the betterment of their business.
To the University/School Administrator
The results of the research will help them to determine if WLAN is
applicable on this type of institution to be able to improve the performance of their
workers.
To the managers
It will help them to determine the level of job performance of their
employees and to guide them to improve their work more.
To the employees
This study will provide necessary information about the effectiveness
of WLAN on their job performance and enhance it through the recommended
enhancement program.
To the Future Business Owners
It will help them to decide whether to install WLAN if it suited on their
business.
To the Decision Makers
It will provide them the findings of this research to decide for the
approval of installing WLAN on their institution or for their other purposes.
To the Future Researchers
They will benefit from this study; this may serve as a prototype plan
for their research. The findings of this study can be used as basis of other future
studies concerning on the same topic of this research.
Definition of Terms
The following terms were defined according on the concept and
operation for clarification and better understanding.
Communication Skills refers to the ability to convey information to another
effectively and efficiently.
Company refers to an association or collection of individuals, whether natural
persons, legal persons, or a mixture of both
Efficiency refers to the specific purpose of relaying the capability of a specific
application of effort to produce a specific outcome effectively with a minimum
amount or quantity of waste, expense, or unnecessary effort.
Employee refers to anyone who has agreed to be employed, under a contract of
service, to work for some form of payment.
Employment refers to the relationship between two parties, usually based on a
contract, one being the employer and the other being the employee.
Job Performance refers to the overall expected value from employees’ behaviors
carried out over the course of a set period of time (Motowidlo, Borman, & Schmidt,
1997).
Mobility refers on the shift in work habits, with more employees working out of the
office and using mobile devices and cloud services to perform business tasks.
Productivity refers to the amount of units of a product or service that an employee
handles in a defined time frame.
Service refers to the set of actions or solutions that are put in place or performed
to provide a repeatable and consistent set of outcomes, deliverables, and
performance for people, organizations, and systems that represent consumers or
beneficiaries of such results.
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) refers to the links of two or more devices
using a wireless communication method. It usually provides a connection through
an Access Point (AP) to the wider internet.
CHAPTER 2
Review of Related Literature
Introduction
In my literature review, I have found a good representative literatures
discussing about the importance and advantages of Wireless Local Area
Network. However, little is written in detail about its effect on the job
performance of the employees. By studying the relevant literature, it will help
me understand more fully how WLANs play a big role in developing the job
performance of an employee.
Foreign Studies
The wireless local area network is today a ubiquitous device often taken for
granted as a default interface for networked devices by users and
manufacturers alike. When the first personal computers appeared in the late
1970’s, they were meant to be placed on a desk. However, with the advent of
laptop computers in the 1980’s, and handheld computers in the 1990’s, people
began using these devices in airplanes, automobiles or outside. This new
mobility presented new problems when the internet became widely used in the
mid 1990’s. People wanted to access the internet wherever they were. As a
solution, engineers proposed connecting computers to the internet through a
wireless radio link rather than ordinary wires – a wireless local area network.
The concept of wireless LAN was developed in the 1980’s, following the
experiments performed by Norman Abramson at the University of Hawaii when
testing for the first time the wireless communication between computers. A
milestone in WLAN development occurred in 1985, when the Federal
Communication Commission in the USA announced experimental industrial,
scientific and medical (ISM) frequency bands for commercial applications of the
spread spectrum technology which was being investigated for realizing WLANs.
Since then, several efforts have been made to design an effective and
affordable WLAN technology. (Paolo Santi, 2012)
(Clark et al, 1978) defined WLAN as a data communication network, typically a
packet communication network, limited in geographic scope. While (Flickenger,
2005) see it as a group of wireless access points and associated infrastructure
with in a limited geographic area, such as an office building or building campus,
that is capable of radio communications.
Wireless LANs represent a major area for potential growth in this “new, new
economy”, given the benefits offered by their implementation (including
increased flexibility, productivity, and cost-effectiveness). With over 10% of US
organizations having already either piloted or deployed wireless LAN
infrastructure (with more than 25% having done so in some sectors), wireless
LAN technologies are poised for dramatic growth over the next few years.
Indeed, the market for wireless LANs is projected to grow from $1.2 billion in
2000 to more than $5.6 billion in 2005. (Cahners-instat, April 2001)
Nowadays, one significant ways for employees to stay in touch besides cell
phones,
laptops, and handheld computers is wireless LAN. A wireless local area network
uses high frequency radio waves rather than wires to communicate between
computers or other devices (Webopedia, 2004). WLAN provide a variety of
benefits
to an organization. It can provide mobility and flexibility, which can lead to
improvements in productivity and business opportunities (Wireless LAN, 2004).
Wireless local area networks (WLANs) keep mobile workers connected without
information technology (IT) professionals having to install wiring through-out
a building. Temporary workspaces can be set up and internet access can be
made available in different meeting locations without the need to rewire.
Wireless Internet service providers (WISPs) are also offering access at various
locations that would make it convenient to travellers and mobile workers
(Public Access, 2004). They are able to connect their laptops or other devices
without wires or having to find a data port in airports or hotels. Unlike the past
when employees worked from the same location, organizations today enjoy
more freedom and flexibility in their workforces because of wireless local area
networks (Cisco, 2004).
Different organizations using wireless networks enable their employees to gain
access to valuable information pertaining to the business whenever necessary.
Not only would vital data be available that could aid an employee in closing a
deal, but time could also be saved when correspondences can be answered
quickly and at any place via e-mail. Organizations are investing in wireless
local-area networks because they feel their requirements for increased
productivity are being met and wireless networks will expand in the future
(Intel, 2004).
Canada, US and UK have reported that managers worked longer hours and
Experienced a sense of “working high speed” all the time as reported by HRDC
(2005), Patel (2002), and Guest (2002) respectively. This appears as a
worldwide trend both in developing and developed countries (Bell & Hart,
1999; Black & Lynch, 2001; Guest, 2002; Healy, 2000). While some employees
enjoy compensation for the extended work hours and their 24/7 accessibility,
for most executives, who are not covered by the overtime legislation
(US_Department_of_Labor, 2006), these extra hours are just an extension of
their work demands. The ICT cluster seems to be adding on to the virtual
hours worked. Extended work hours are reported to have an adverse impact on
work-life balance of employees (Chesley, 2005; Gutek et al., 1991;
Parasuraman & Simmers, 2001) and on employee health (Sparks et al., 1997).
There is a growing concern on the ability of communication technologies to
create an “e-leash” on employees (Rothberg, 2006). Addiction to these
technologies is considered comparable to drug addiction (McIntyre, 2006). With
increasing concerns on the deteriorating quality of home and family life leading
to a variety of social problems, the concept of work-life balance has drown the
attention of the workforce, employers, and public policy makers. Therefore, it
would be important to assess the true impact of the ICT cluster on the worklife balance of modern employees.
Recent literature analyzed the usage patterns of mobile devices addressing
Diverse issues (Arnold, 2003; Chesley, 2005; Churchill & Munro, 2001;
Jarvenpaa & Lang, 2005; Perry et al., 2001; Schlosser, 2002). Schlosser
(2002) focused on the meanings assigned by employees to mobile devices
while the paradoxes of mobile usage were addressed by Jarvenpaa and Lang
(2005). Research has also addressed the concepts of “anytime, anywhere” in
the context of teleworking (Nath & Chen, 2005; Perry et al., 2001; Venkatesh
et al., 2003).
Local Studies
The increasing importance of Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) in policy discussions is due in part to what it can bring to the developing
world, and these are, more efficient governments, productive businesses,
globally competitive knowledge workers, and empowered rural communities. In
another, beyond these possibilities, there is also growing evidence that ICT, if
used in the right way and for the right purposes, can have a dramatic impact
on social and economic development goals as well as play a key role in broader
national development strategies (Digital Community Task Force, 2001).
Reinforcing these hopes about ICTs is the observation that information
is becoming a critical resource and basis for competition that leaves developing
countries with no real choice but to invest in ICT in order to participate in the
global economy and consequently avoid the tremendous costs of exclusion
(Arjun Bedi, 1999).Over the past decades, ICT, particularly the Internet, has
become an important tool for development. There are very good reasons for
why developing countries should include widespread use of the Internet in their
development goals. The Internet can help improve governance, can create
more productive businesses, and can promote knowledge communities.
The Internet can facilitate better governance by making government
processes more efficient and transparent, and contribute to delivering useful
government information and services quickly. By 2005, of the 191 UN Member
States, 179 (or almost 94%) had some form of eGovernment initiative, up
From 178 member states in 2004 and 143 member states in 2001. According
to the UN eGovernment Report, “not only did more countries come online, they
expanded and consolidated their e-services further.” However, what could be
the most significant contribution of Internet use in governance is enhancing
citizen participation. Some have argued that the Internet has made direct
democracy possible.
The Internet is a unique technology in that it provides universal access to
information and knowledge, affording the “same powerful capabilities to
everyone who has access to the network no matter where they are.” This
equality of access is a key reason why the Internet fosters innovation. Anyone
with a possible solution can simply connect to the Internet to see if the solution
works or might be seen by others as useful. Lawrence Lessig believes that the
'end-to-end' design of the Internet (where the 'intelligence' is at the edge of
The network) “renders the Internet an innovation commons, where innovators
Can develop and deploy new applications or content without the permission of
anyone else” (emphasis in original). The Internet as an innovations common is
even more apparent with Web 2.0.
The current definition of universal access is based on three key characteristics:
affordability, accessibility and quality of service (Tim Kelly, 1999).
Governments, however, have the choice to define and set indicators of access
in consideration of these. Universal access definitions, indicators, and targets
are normally identified in national development plans. Logic and practicability
of universality definition are critical since indicators and targets hinge on these
definitions. Finally, universal access is discussed not only in terms of access to
devices or services that provide the conduit for information. It is also discussed
in terms of access to information or content itself, and usability. Bridges.org
identifies “real access” criteria to analyze all issues surrounding ICT access and
use.
Since the passing of Republic Act (RA) No. 7925 (s. 1995), the major
telecommunications law, more than a decade ago, there has been a notable
increase in access to ICT and ICT services. Progress in installed line teledensity
has been evident in its increase from 2.01 in 1995 (since the passing of the
law) to 9.12 in 1999, while in mobile network coverage, 99% of the total
population was reached (Figure 2, below). The Philippines has the most
number of SMS messages sent in the world, and this number has increased
exponentially with an increase in the number of its subscribers. At the same
time, Internet
subscribers more than doubled in number compared to 3 years ago23. We also
can boast of more than 700 operating telecenters and information kiosks to
service outlying provinces and municipalities, and this apart from a good
number of cybercafes that have been set up and were made possible by lower
investment costs for Internet businesses over the last 5 years. The Philippines
has joined the ICT revolution.
Chapter III
Methodology of Research and Procedure
This chapter presents the research methodology and procedures employed on
the collection, analysis and interpretation of the data required in this study.
Furthermore, it contains the type of research method used, description of the
respondents, type of instrument used and validation, data gathering procedure and the
statistical treatment of data.
Research Method Used
This study made use of Descriptive Research Method which is designed for
the researchers to gather information about the effectiveness of using wireless local area
network (WLAN) on the job performance of the employees of selected companies in Santa
Rosa, Laguna. It includes the recording, description, analysis and the presentation of the
information gathered and processes involve.
According to Calderon (1996), the Descriptive Research Method is a
purposive process of data gathering, analyzing, classifying, and tabulating data about
prevailing conditions,
practices, beliefs, processes, trends, and cause-and-effect
relationships and then adequate and accurate interpretation about such data with or without
the aid of statistical treatment (Cited Macatangay, 2013, p. 368).
Since this study is concern with the effects of wlan, the gathered data should
be properly interpret and validate to obtain concrete fact and strong-based information
about the subject.
Description of the Respondents
The researchers were able to gather information composing of 30 selected
employees. 10 of the respondents came from Century Tuna Food Incorporated and the 20
respondents came from Malate Po Trading.
Sampling Design
The study used non probability sampling of subjects. In this sampling
design, the researcher selects the respondents who were conveniently available. The
respondents of the study were the employees.
Non-probability sampling is a sampling technique where the samples are
gathered in a process that does not give all the individuals in the population equal chances
of being selected.
Convenience sampling is probably the most common of all sampling
techniques. With convenience sampling, the samples are selected because they are
accessible to the researcher. Subjects are chosen simply because they are easy to recruit.
This technique is considered easiest, cheapest and least time consuming.
Sampling may be defined as measuring a small portion of something and
then making a general statement about the whole thing. It enables the study of a large,
heterogeneous population more economic wise, meaning not too costly, and more realistic
and possible to make.
Research Instrument Used
Under the basic types of Descriptive Research Method, the technique used is
the Survey Method, which is also known as normative survey. With this method,
researchers are able to statistically study the specific areas that must be concentrate.
Findings regarding the effectiveness of using wlan which are commonly adopted by the
employees are obtained with the use of the survey method.
In survey method, the respondents answer questions given through
interviews or questionnaires. After the respondents answer the questions, the researchers
describe the responses given. In order for the survey to be both reliable and valid, it is
important that the questions are constructed properly. Questions should be written so they
are clear and easy to comprehend (Hale, n.d.: online)
Survey questionnaire will be the main instrument of the study. The
questionnaire will consist of four parts: profile of the respondent and the question proper.
The survey questionnaire was distributed on their work area.
The instrument used was a researcher made questionnaire checklist to gather
the needed date. The draft of the questionnaire was drawn out based on the researchers
readings. In the preparation of the instrument, the requirements in the designing of good
data collection instrument were considered.
Data gathering procedure
The first step before going to the testing proper is to make a request letter
from the managers of the company. Upon approval, the researchers retrieves the request
letter. The employees from the two companies were selected in the administration of
survey. The respondents were given enough time to answer the questions. After the data
gathering, the researchers now collected it for the tallying the scores and to apply the
statistical treatment to be used with the study.
Statistical Treatment of Data
The following were used for the interpretation of data:
Frequencies-Percentage was used in determining the profiles of the respondents in terms
of demographic variables (age, gender, civil status, company, length of service and type of
employment) and their response on the survey. The formula is
Where:
f – Frequency
N – Number of cases
Weighted mean will be used to identify the weak and strong areas for this study. The
formula is
∑
Pearson r was used to determine if there is significant relationship between the profile of
the respondents and their level of job performance using WLAN.
Likert scale
We used this values for interpreting the mean of the values.
Weight
4.50 above
3.50-4.49
2.50-3.49
1.50-2.49
Below 1.50
Scale
5
4
3
2
1
Verbal Interpretation
Strongly Agree
Agree
Moderately Agree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
CHAPTER 4
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
This chapter presents the findings, analysis and interpretation of data
gathered whose main objective is to found out the effectiveness of using WLAN on the
job performance of the employees.
The research problems enumerated in Chapter 1 serve as the guide for the
presentation, analysis and interpretation of data.
After the survey was conducted, the data gathered were tabulated, treated
statistically and analyze according to the specific problems of the study.
Table 1
Profile of the Respondents in terms of age
Age
18-20
21-23
24-26
27-29
30-32
33-35
36-38
Total
Average Age: 26.17
Frequency
8
2
2
6
5
4
3
30
Percentage
26.67%
6.67%
6.67%
20%
16.67%
13.33%
10%
100%
Rank
1
6.5
6.5
2
3
4
5
Table shows the profile of the respondents. Most of the respondents were
age 18-20 years old with 8 respondents and the least were ages 21-23 and 26-26 years
old with both two respondents each.
Table 2
Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Gender
Gender
Male
Female
Total
Frequency
18
12
30
Percentage
60%
40%
100%
Rank
1
2
In terms of the gender, the majority were male with 18 respondents while
female has 12 respondents.
Table 3
Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Civil Status
Civil Status
Single
Frequency
20
Percentage
66.67%
Rank
1
Married
Total
10
30
33.33%
100%
2
In terms of civil status, most of the workers are single with 20 respondents
while 10 of them are married.
Table 4
Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Employment
Type of
Employment
Regular
Part-Time
Contractual
Total
Frequency
Percentage
Rank
27
2
1
30
90
6.6667
3.3333
100%
1
2
3
In terms of employment, 27 of them were regular, 2 of them are part-time
and only one respondent is contractual.
Table 5
Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Length of Service
Length of Service
Less than 1 year
1-2 years
3-4 years
5 years onwards
Total
Frequency
9
11
8
2
30
Percentage
30%
36.67%
26.67%
6.67%
100%
Rank
2
1
3
4
In terms of length of service, most of the respondents worked for 1-2 years
with 9 respondents and only 2 of them were worked for more than 5 years.
Table 6
Level of Job Performance in terms of Mobility
Statement
5
4
F
3 2 1
1. I can
connect to
WLAN
7 17 3 2 1
anywhere in
our area to
do my work.
2. I use my
own gadgets
like laptops
and mobile
phones to
7 15 2 3 3
connect on
the WLAN
to do my
work.
3. I can
continue my
work at
16 7 1 2 4
home with
the use of
WLAN.
4. I can work
anytime with
6 18 4 2 0
the use of
WLAN.
5. I use
WLAN to
send
important
9 16 3 2 0
documents
files on the
work.
6. With
WLAN, I
can work
7 16 4 2 1
without
supervision
as necessary.
7. With
5 15 5 5 0
WLAN, I
5
4
23.33% 56.67%
23.33%
50%
53.33% 23.33%
P
3
2
1
10%
6.67%
6.67%
10%
3.33%
6.67%
WM
R
VI
3.33%
3.90
4
Agree
10%
3.67
13.33% 3.97
6.5 Agree
2
Agree
20%
60%
13.33%
6.67%
0%
3.93
3
Agree
30%
53.33%
10%
6.67%
0%
4.07
1
Agree
6.67%
3.33%
3.87
5
Agree
0%
3.67
23.33% 53.33% 13.33%
16.67%
50%
16.67% 16.67%
6.5 Agree
use Cloud
storage
services such
as Dropbox
or
SugarSync
to keep work
documents
and
synchronized
as well.
Sub-mean
3.87
Agree
Table 7
Level of Job Performance in terms of Productivity
Statement
5
4
F
3 2 1
1. WLAN helps
me to motivate to
6 18 5 1
be highly
productive.
2. With WLAN, I
work hard and
6 19 5 0
work smart.
3. WLAN helps
me to produce
9 15 4 2
more outputs.
4. WLAN helps
me to produce
12 16 1 1
good quality of
work.
5. WLAN helps
me generates and
10 16 3 1
implements
creative ideas.
6. WLAN helps
me to be
productive beyond 8 17 4 1
standard
requirements.
7. WLAN builds
10 14 5 1
P
5
4
0
20%
60%
0
20%
0
30%
50%
0
40%
53.33%
WM
R
VI
16.67% 3.33% 0% 3.97
7
Agree
3
63.33% 16.67%
2
0%
1
0% 4.03
5.5 Agree
13.33% 6.67% 0% 4.03
5.5 Agree
3.33%
3.33% 0% 4.30
1
Agree
10%
3.33% 0% 4.17
2
Agree
0 26.67% 56.67% 13.33% 3.33% 0% 4.07
4
Agree
0 33.33% 46.67% 16.67% 3.33% 0% 4.10
3
Agree
0 33.33% 53.33%
productivity by
being well
organized.
Sub-mean
4.10
Agree
Table 8
Level of Job Performance in terms of Efficiency
Statement
5
F
4 3 2 1
P
5
1. My workplace
provides me fast
8 15 4 3 0 26.67%
connection to the
WLAN.
2. WLAN helps me
to make my job
10 14 4 2 0 33.33%
easier.
3. WLAN helps me
to finish my work
13 13 2 2 0 43.33%
faster.
4. Through WLAN,
I meet the work
5 19 4 2 0 16.67%
deadlines
5. With WLAN, I
use my time
8 16 5 1 0 26.67%
effectively.
6. With WLAN, I
can work with less
12 12 4 2 0
40%
spend on the
resources.
7. With WLAN, I
can manage
7 18 3 2 0 23.33%
information and
data effectively.
Sub-mean
WM R
VI
4
3
2
1
50%
13.33%
10%
0%
3.93
6
Agree
46.67% 13.33% 6.67% 0%
4.07
3
Agree
43.33%
6.67% 0%
4.23
1
Agree
63.33% 13.33% 6.67% 0%
3.90
7
Agree
53.33% 16.67% 3.33% 0%
4.03
4
Agree
4.13
2
Agree
4.00
5
Agree
40%
60%
6.67%
13.33% 6.67% 0%
10%
6.67% 0%
Table 9
Level of Job Performance in terms of Communication skills
4.04
Agree
Statement
1. With WLAN, I
manage to express
my ideas clearly.
2. With the aid
WLAN, I can
propose solutions
to problems.
3. With the aid of
WLAN, I can
demonstrate
effective
communication
skills.
4. With the aid of
WLAN, I
collaborate
effectively with
other department
members as
necessary.
5. With the
WLAN, I
determine possible
causes of
confusion, and I
deal with them up
front.
6.With WLAN, I
communicate
easily with
employees at all
levels
7. With WLAN, I
always wellorganized with my
written work.
Sub-mean
5
4
F
3 2 1
P
5
4
3
2
1
R
VI
3.77
7
Agree
4 19 3 4 0 13.33% 63.33%
10%
4 20 3 3 0 13.33% 66.67%
10%
10%
0%
3.83
5.5
Agree
6 18 3 3 0
20%
60%
10%
10%
0%
3.90
4
Agree
9 15 4 2 0
30%
50%
13.33%
6.67%
0%
4.03
1
Agree
6 16 5 3 0
20%
53.33% 16.67%
10%
0%
3.83
5.5
Agree
6 19 2 3 0
20%
63.33%
6.67%
10%
0%
3.93
2.5
Agree
70%
3.33%
10%
0%
3.93
2.5
Agree
5 21 1 3 0 16.67%
13.33% 0%
WM
3.89
Table 10
Total Level of Job Performance
Agree
Areas of Job
Performance
Mobility
Productivity
Efficiency
Communication
Skills
Grand Mean
WM
R
VI
3.87
4.10
4.04
4
1
2
Agree
Agree
Agree
3.89
3
Agree
3.96
Agree
The respondents agree on the areas of job performance in mobility, productivity,efficiency,and
communication skills with the weighted mean of 3.87, 4.10, 4.04, and 3.89 respectively
Table 11
Correlation in terms of age
Areas of Job
Performance
r value
Mobility
0.12654
VI
D
f
Very
small
2
8
α
critica
l
value
p value
VI
Decisio
n
0.0
5
-0.361
0.67501
Significa
nt
Reject
Ho
Productivity
0.05983
5
Efficiency
0.00981
8
Communicatio
n Skills
0.03227
Total
0.03133
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
0.361
0.31718
4
Not
significan
t
Accept
Ho
0.0
5
0.361
0.05195
4
Significa
nt
Reject
Ho
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
0.17083
Not
Significa
nt
Accept
Ho
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
Not
significan
t
Accept
Ho
VI
Decisio
n
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.16585
Table 12
Correlation in terms of gender
Areas of Job
Performance
Mobility
Productivity
Efficiency
Communicatio
n Skills
Total
r value
0.2193
8
0.0474
7
0.1485
2
0.1722
8
VI
Very small
correlatio
n
Very small
correlatio
n
Very small
correlatio
n
Very small
correlatio
n
Very small
- correlatio
0.1700 n
9
df
α
critica
l value
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
-0.361
p
value
1.1898
6
0.2514
8
-0.7947
0.9254
5
0.9133
6
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Not
Significan
t
Significan
t
Accept
Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Reject Ho
Table 13
Correlation in terms of company
Areas of Job
Performance
Mobility
Productivity
Efficiency
Communicatio
n Skills
Total
r value
0.5595
4
0.0109
6
0.1624
7
0.2622
3
VI
High
correlation
Very small
correlation
Very small
correlation
Moderatel
y small
correlation
Moderatel
-0.2959 y small
correlation
df
α
critica
l value
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
-0.361
p
value
3.5723
8
0.0580
2
0.8712
8
1.4378
9
1.6391
4
VI
Decisio
n
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Not
significant
Accept
Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Table 14
Correlation in terms of civil status
Areas of Job
Performance
Mobility
Productivity
Efficiency
Communicatio
n Skills
Total
r value
0.0417
6
0.3179
3
VI
Very small
correlation
moderately
small
correlation
Moderatel
y small
-0.3114 correlation
Very small
correlation
-0.1718
- Very small
critica
l value
df
α
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
0.0
-0.361
-0.361
p
value
0.2211
5
1.7744
2
1.7339
8
0.9228
2
-
VI
Decisio
n
Not
Significan
t
Significan
t
Accept
Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
Reject Ho
Reject Ho
0.2251 correlation
4
8
1.2227 t
1
5
Table 15
Correlation in terms of employment
Areas of Job
Performance
r value
Mobility
-0.16969
Productivity
0.15133
6
Efficiency
0.01196
1
Communicatio
n Skills
Total
0.06091
2
0.00397
8
VI
Very small
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
Very
small
correlatio
n
Very small
correlatio
n
Very small
correlatio
n
df
α
2
8
0.0
5
critica
l value
p value
-0.361
VI
Decisio
n
significan
t
Reject Ho
significan
t
Reject Ho
-0.91115
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
-0.361
0.81012
4
Not
significan
0.06329 t
7
Not
0.32291 significan
4 t
Not
significan
0.02105 t
Accept
Ho
Accept
Ho
Accept
Ho
Table 16
Correlation in terms of length of service
Areas of Job
Performance
Mobility
Productivity
r value
0.6195
7
0.1794
1
VI
High
correlation
Very small
correlation
df
α
critica
l value
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
p
value
0.6195
7
0.1794
1
VI
Decisio
n
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Not
significant
Accept
Ho
Efficiency
Communicatio
n Skills
Total
0.3791
3
0.4629
6
0.4728
1
Moderatel
y small
correlation
Moderatel
y small
correlation
Moderatel
y small
correlation
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
2
8
0.0
5
-0.361
-0.361
-0.361
0.3791
3
0.4629
6
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
t
Reject Ho
Significan
- t
0.4728
1
Reject Ho
Chapter 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter combines the highlights of the significant findings of the study,
conclusions and the recommendations presented by the researcher.
This research work was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of using
wlan on the job performance of the employees.
Specifically, the research seeks answers to the following questions:
3.
What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:
3.1 Age
3.2 Gender
3.3 Civil Status
3.4 Type of Employment
3.5 Length of Service
4.
What are the effects of using WLAN on the job performance of the
employees in terms of:
2.1 Mobility
2.2 Productivity
2.3 Efficiency
2.4 Communication Skills
5.
Is there a significant relationship between the respondents profile and
the effects of using WLAN on their job performance?
Ho: There is no significant relationship between the respondent’s
profile and the effects of using WLAN on their job performance.
Summary of Findings
According to our findings regarding the significant relationship between the
respondent’s profile and the effects of using WLAN, it shows that there is significant
relationship between the Job performance and the profile of the respondents in terms of
gender, company, civil status and length of service. While there is no significant
relationship between the job performance and the profile of the respondents in terms of age
and type of employment.
Conclusions
The following conclusions were revealed by this study:
1. In terms of the gender, the majority were male with 18 respondents while female has
12 respondents.
2. In terms of civil status, most of the workers are single with 20 respondents while 10
of them are married.
3. . Most of the respondents were age 18-20 years old with 8 respondents and the least
were ages 21-23 and 26-26 years old with both two respondents each.
4. In terms of employment, 27 of them were regular, 2 of them are part-time and only
one respondent is contractual.
5. In terms of length of service, most of the respondents worked for 1-2 years with 9
respondents and only 2 of them were worked for more than 5 years.
6. The respondents agree on the areas of job performance in mobility,
productivity,efficiency,and communication skills with the weighted mean of 3.87, 4.10,
4.04, and 3.89 respectively
Recommendations
To the Government
They can apply the usage of WLAN on their institution and helps to
improve the job performance of their employees.
To the Companies
I will be useful to the administrator to determine the strength and
weaknesses of using Wireless Local Area Network and helps to decide whether to
use WLAN for the betterment of their business.
To the University/School Administrator
It will help them to determine if WLAN is applicable on this type of
institution to be able to improve the performance of their workers.
To the managers
It will help them to determine the level of job performance of their
employees and to guide them to improve their work more.
To the employees
This study will provide necessary information about the effectiveness
of WLAN on their job performance and enhance it through the recommended
enhancement program.
To the Future Business Owners
It will help them to decide whether to install WLAN if it suited on their
business.
