MINIPROJECT DOCUMENTATION ON FINGER PRINT MODULE – BIO METRIC MICRO CONTROLLER INTERFACE
BY
T.SHRAVANI (07245A0403)
BATCH: 2007-2011
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING GOKARAJU RANGARAJU INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University) HYDERABAD 500 072
ABSTRACT:
Biometrics can be seen as a solution to a lot of the user identification and security problems in today’s networks.Reliable personal recognition is critical to many business processes. Biometrics refers to automatic Recognition of an individual based on their behavioral and/or physiological characteristics. Biometrics removes human error from the security equation. Fingerprint identification is one such method in biometrics. Steps involved in Finger print identification: Finger Print enrollment through system. Enrolled user places his/her Finger on the Finger sensor for checking IN/OUT (Authentication). The terminal compares live finger with the finger stored on built-in memory and checks for a match. When a match is found the Authentication is successful and the user is given access.
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1. INTRODUCTION: 1.1 AIM OF THIS PROJECT:
Finger Print Module-Microcontroller Interfacing authenticates using finger print of user. All users are enrolled using the system and our project checks for authentication. 1.2 BLOCKDIAGRAM
LCD Power supply
ATMEGA 8515
Finger Print Module
1.3 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
The prototype of the present Embedded System has the following resources: Finger print module (FIM3030N) Robo Board Power supply circuit •
LEDs-Light Emitting Diodes Switches RegulatorJumpers Max 232 IC for serial communication Reset button ICs for motor , wireless communication.
The above resources excluding the fingerprint identification module are placed over a general robocon PCB board and soldered accordingly. PORTC lower nibble 2,3 pins used as control lines for LCD. PORTC upper nibble used as data lines for LCD. PORTC pins 0 and 1 used for switches.
FINGERPRINT MODULE:
A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all or any part of the finger. A friction ridge is a raised portion of the epidermis on the pal mar(palm and fingers) or plantar (sole and toes) skin, consisting consisting of one or more connected ridge units units of friction ridge skin skin.. These ridges are sometimes known as “dermal ridges” or “dermal papillae”.
FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION MECHANISM:
Fingerprint-based identification can be placed into two categories depending on the type of parameter used for comparison. comparison. • Minutiae-based matching (Analyzing the local structure) • Global pattern matching (Analyzing the global structures) Currently the computer aided fingerprint recognition is using the minutiae-based matching. Minutiae points are local ridge characteristics and appear as either a ridge ending or a ridge bifurcation. The uniqueness of a fingerprint can be determined by the pattern of the ridges and the valleys a fingerprint’s made of. A complete fingerprint consists of about 100 minutiae points in average. The measured fingerprint fingerprint area consists in average of ab about out 30-60 min minutiae utiae points depending on the finger and on the sensor area. a rea. An individual’s fingerprint is scanned to identify 10 to 26 unique points of the finger, and a unique number is assigned to it. The original fingerprint image is not saved, but the fingerprint algorithm algorithm is stored. These minutiae points are represented by a cloud of dots in a coordination system. They are stored together with the angle of the tangent of a local minutiae point in a fingerprint-code or directly in a reference template.
A template can consist of more than one fingerprint-code to expand the amount of information and to expand the enrolled fingerprint area. In general this leads to higher template quality and therefore to a higher similarity value of the template and the sample.
THE FINGERPRINT ACQUISITION PROCESS:
The fingerprint is acquired from a fingerprint scanner
. Image is improved for better contrast and distinctness.
Noise and defects are eliminated. eliminated.
The final scanned finger print layout.
Minutiae are identified.
ENDINGS
BIFURCATIONS
ANALYZED FINGERPRINT Fingerprint features are detected and analyzed. Fingerprint search on database is made based on some measures; so polygons are determined connecting 3 minutiae. Thus, internal angles, sides and each minutia angle are computed. These measures are invariant to rotation and translation. This method allows that a desired fingerprint can be localized on database even with position variation (displacement and rotation) in relation to the found fingerprint.
ADVANTAGES OF USING FINGERPRINTS
• Prevents unauthorized use or access • Adds a higher level of security to an identification process • Eliminates the burden and bulk of carrying ID cards or remembering Pins • Heightens overall confidence of business processes dependent on personal identification. identification.
THE FIM3030N FINGERRPINT MODULE: General Descriptions
FIM30N is a low-price stand-alone Fingerprint Identif Identification ication Device with many excellent features. It provides benefits such as high identification performance, low power consumption and RS232 serial interface with the various commands for easy integration into a wide range of applications. It is a durable and compact device with fingerprint identifi identification cation module containing NITGEN® optics-based optics-based fingerprin fingerprintt sensor insi inside. de. Communication
FIM30N has RS-232 serial communication port through that FIM30N communicates at the same time. These T hese ports support 6 baudrate modes such as 9600, 14400, 19200, 38400, 57600, and 115200 bps.
Pin
1 2 3 4 5 6
Pin Name
VCC RXD TXD SUCCESS
Description
3.3 V (FIM30xx-LV (FIM30xx-LV)) / 5 V (FIM30xx-HV) RS-232 Rx receiving signal from host RS-232 Tx transmitting signal to host Output for indicating authentication success FAIL Output for indicating authentication fail Enroll_Ke Enroll_Key y Input to enroll fingerprint without RS-232 communication
7 8 9
Delete_Key Input to delete user without RS-232 communication Identify_Ke Identify_Key y Input to identify user without RS-232 communication GND Ground
2.2 LCD:
PIN DESCRIPTION:
There are pins along one side of the small printed board used for connection to the microcontroller. There are total of 14 pins and their function is described in the table below
2.3 RS-232 SERIAL COMMUNICATION :
We used RS-232 serial communication standards for the communication between the Bio Module and the ATMEGA 8515 microcontroller. The general instruction format of the instructions between the microcontrol microcontroller ler and Bio-Module is
Command:
This field tells the bio module what it has to do. Some of the commands used in our program are: 0x01-Initialization 0x01-Init ialization of the module. 0x2F-Entering into master mode. 0x33-Enrolling user. 0x12-Authentication. 0x22-Deletion of a user. Packet index:
If data size is so large that the host/device cannot carry data in a single packet, the host/device divides data into small data blocks and sends them over several subsequent packets. The packet index gives information about the number of packets. Data size: Gives information about the size of data that is being sent interms of bytes. Error:
If the host sends the command packet, the device returns the acknowledge packet with the packet error code. If Error code is not “ERR_NONE”, the previously sent command packet is ignored in the device. The host needs to check the returned error code, and then retry or does something.
Checksum:
Checksum data can be calculated by adding a dding all byte data. 2.4 ATMEGA 8515 MICRO CONTROLLER: FEATURES:
• High-performance, Low-power AVR® 8-bit Microcontroller Architecture –• RISC 130 Powerful Instructions – Most Single Clock Cycle Execution Instructions
– 32 x 8 General Purpose Purpose Working Registers – Fully Static Operation Operation – Up to 16 MIPS Throughput Throughput at 16 16 MHz – On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier Multiplier • Nonvolatile Program and Data Memories – 8K Bytes of In-System In-System Self-programmable Self-programmable Flash Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles – Optional Boot Code Section with In Independent dependent Lock Bits In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program True Read-While-Write Operation – 512 Bytes EEPROM Endurance: 100,000 Write/Erase Cycles – 512 Bytes Internal Internal SRAM – Up to 64K Bytes Optional Optional External Memory Memory Space – Programming Lock Lock for Software Security • Peripheral Features – One 8-bit Timer/Counter Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler and Compare Mode – One 16-bit Timer/Counter Timer/Counter with Separat Separatee Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture Capture Mode – Three PWM Channels Programmable Serial USART – Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface Interface – Programmable Watchdog Watchdog Timer with Separate OnOn-chip chip Oscillator – On-chip Analog Comparator • Special Microcontroller Features – Power-on Reset and Programmable Programmable Brown-o Brown-out ut Detection – Internal Calibrated Calibrated RC Oscillator – External and Internal Internal Interrup Interruptt Sources – Three Sleep Modes: Idle, Idle, Power-down and Stan Standby dby • I/O and Packages – 35 Programmable Programmable I/O Lines – 40-pin PDIP, 44-lead 44-lead TQFP, 44-lead PLCC, and 44 44-pad -pad MLF –• Operating 2.7 - 5.5VVoltages for ATmega8515L ATmega8515L – 4.5 - 5.5V for ATmega8515 ATmega8515 • Speed Grades – 0 - 8 MHz for ATmega8515L ATmega8515L – 0 - 16 MHz for ATmega8515 ATmega8515
PIN DIAGRAM:
PROGRAM ALGORITHM:
The module is initialized by sending an initialization command to it. An option is provided to user to press a swith & thus enter the authentication a uthentication mode. If the user has already been enrolled through the system, then Authentication OK is displayed on the LCD. Else it shows Authentication Failed.
Finger print identification system can be extensively used for attendance system in schools & colleges. For security purposes, employees in banks, managers of huge organisations are
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required to make use of finger-print recogntion systems. Based on this, future applications can be extended to face-recognition and retinarecognition systems.
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OBSERVATION:
Connection Established Enrolling through PC Authentication
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RESULT:
When Biomodule is connected to the Robo-board through RS232 cable, a request is sent to the module & thus ‘Connection Established’ is displayed on LCD. Next, when the switch is pressed, it identifies identifies if the user is enrolled enrolled or not.