General Studies - Eenadu Pratibha
Content
Reasoning
S. Arun Mohan
1. In a class of 60 students the number of boys
and girls participating in the annual sports are
in the ratio of 3 : 2. The number of girls from
the class not participating in the sports is 5
more than the number of boys from the class
who are not participating in the sports. If the
number of boys participating in the sports is
15, how many girls are there in the class?
1) Data inadequate
2) 20
3) 25
4) 30
5) None
Directions (Q.2-5): Read the following information and answer the questions given
below:
i) P, Q, R, S and T finished the work, working
from Monday to Saturday, one of the days
being a holiday, each working overtime
only on one of the days.
ii) R and T did not work overtime on the first
day.
iii) Q worked overtime the next day after the
holiday.
iv) The overtime work done on the previous
day of the holiday was by R.
v) There was a two days' gap between the
days on which P and Q worked overtime.
vi) P worked overtime the next day of the
overtime day of S.
2. When did T work overtime?
1) On the day previous of that on which S
worked overtime.
2) On the next day of the day on which Q
worked overtime.
3) Two days after the day on which S
worked overtime.
4) Cannot be determined
5) None of these
3. How many days' gap was there between the
days on which P and T worked overtime?
1) Three
2) Two
3) One
4) Cannot be determined 5) None of these
4. On what day did R work overtime?
1) Monday
2) Tuesday
3) Thursday
4) Friday
5) None of these
5. Which of the following is a correct statement?
1) P worked overtime, last among them.
2) P worked overtime earlier than S.
3) The holiday was on Friday.
4) S worked overtime earlier than Q.
5) None of these
Explanations
1-4; No. of boys participating = 15
Therefore, No.of girls participating
15
= ⎯ × 2 = 10 ............. (i)
3
Total students participating = 15 + 10 = 25
Total students not participating = 60 − 25 = 35
Suppose x boys do not participate. Then
there are x + 5 girls who not participate.
And, x + x + 5 = 35 or 2x = 30
Therefore x = 15
Hence no. of girls not participating
= x + 5 = 15 + 5 = 20 ............... (ii)
From (i) and (ii), no. of girls in the class
= 10 + 20 = 30
(2-5):
Person
Overtime
S
P
R
Holiday
Q
T
2-2
3-1
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
4-5; Wednesday
5-4
Reasoning questions are normally
considered to be very confusing as the
candidates can not easily decide on an
answer without taking some time and
applying good analytical skills. So
reasoning should not be attempted first!
On what day did R work overtime?
Directions (Q.6-9): In each of the questions
below are given three statements followed by
three conclusions numbered I, II and III.
You have to take the given statements to be
true even if they seem to be at variance with
commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
6. Statements: Some blades are papers.
Some papers are books.
Some books are pens.
Conclusions: I. Some pens are papers.
II. Some books are blades.
III. Some pens are blades.
1) Only I follows
2) Only II follows
3) Only III follows
4) None follows
5) Only II and III follow
7. Statements: Some cycles are bikes.
No bike is a flower.
All flowers are goats.
Conclusions: I. No goat is a cycle.
II. Some flowers are cycles.
III. Some goats are bikes.
1) None follows
2) Only I follows
3) Only II follows
4) Only III follows
5) Only II and III follow
8. Statements: Some trees are jungles.
Some jungles are flowers.
All flowers are streets.
Conclusions: I. Some streets are jungles.
II. Some streets are trees.
III. Some flowers are trees.
1) Only I follows
2) Only II follows
3) Only either I or III and II follow
4) Only I and II follow
5) None of these
9. Statements: All desks are tables.
All tables are chairs.
Some chairs are sofas.
Conclusions: I. Some sofas are desks.
II. Some chairs are desks.
III. Some tables are desks.
1) Only I and II follow 2) Only II and III follow
3) Only I and III follow
4) All follow
5) None of these
Directions (Q.10-14): In making decisions
about important questions, it is desirable to
be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments. 'Strong' arguments are those which are both important
and directly related to the question. 'Weak'
arguments are those which are of minor
importance and also may not be directly
related to the question or may be related to a
trivial aspect of the question.
Each question below is followed by two
arguments numbered I and II. You have to
decide which of the arguments is a 'strong'
argument and which is a 'weak' argument.
Give answer 1) if only argument I is strong.
Give answer 2) if argument II is strong.
Give answer 3) if either I or II is strong.
Give answer 4) if neither I nor II is strong.
Give answer 5) if both I and II are strong.
10. Should the parents in India in future be
forced to opt for only one child as against
two or many at present?
Arguments: I. Yes, this is the only way to check
the ever-increasing population of India.
II. No, this type of pressure tactic is not
adopted by any other country in the world.
11. Should the sex determination test during
pregnancy be completely banned?
Arguments: I. Yes, this leads to indiscriminate female foeticide and eventually will
lead to social imbalance.
II. No, people have a right to know about
their unborn child.
12. Should all the slums in big cities be demolished and the people living in such slums
be relocated outside the city limits?
Arguments: I. No, all these people will lose
their home and livelihood and hence they
should not be relocated.
II. Yes, the big cities need more and more
spaces to carry out developmental activities and hence these slums should be
removed.
6-4; I-type statements can't be combined.
7-1; Some cycles are bikes + No bike is flower
= I + E = O = Some cycles are not flowers. Hence II does not follow. Since Otype statement can't be combined, I does
not follow. Again, No bike is flower + All
flowers are goats = E + A = O∗ = Some
goats are not bikes.
Hence III does not follows.
8-1; Some jungles are flowers + All flowers are
streets = I + A = I = Some jungles are
streets → conversion → Some streets are
jungles (I). Hence I follows. Some trees
are jungles + Some jungles are streets =
I + I = No conclusion. Hence II does not
follow. Nor can the first two statements be
combined. Hence III does not follow.
9-2; All desks are tables (A) → conversion →
Some tables are desks (I). Hence III follows. All desks are tables + All tables are
chairs = A + A = A = All desks are chairs →
conversion → Some chairs are desks (I).
Hence II follows. However, All desks are
chairs + Some chairs are sofas. = A + I =
No conclusion. Hence I does not follow.
10-4; I is weak because it is superfluous; it
does not go into the reason for population control. II is an argument by example and hence weak.
11-1; I is strong because female foeticide is
undesirable. II is weak; which right are
we talking about 'Right to know the sex
of the unborn child'? No. Parents can
wait till the child's birth.
12-5; I is strong on humanitarian grounds. II is
strong on economic grounds.
13-2; I is weak because it is not relevant to
"complete ban". II is a strong argument
because banning mining in such a scenario will lead us into great trouble.
14-5; I is strong as improved ambience is
desirable. II is strong because regimentation of adults is undesirable.
15-5; It appears some special cosmic phenomenon has led to both A and B.
16-4; A certainly can't be the effect of B if we
believe in an ethical world. A is the effect
of bad policing and B of good policing.
17-1; The removal of signal post has led to the
accidents.
18-2; A has been done in response to B.
13. Should there be a complete ban on mining
coal in India?
Arguments: I. Yes, present stock of coal will
not last long if we continue mining at the
present rate.
II. No, we do not have alternate energy source
of sufficient quantity.
14. Should there be uniforms for students in the
colleges in India as in the schools?
Arguments: I. Yes, this will improve the ambience of the colleges as all the students will
be decently dressed.
II. No, college students should not be regimented and they should be left to
choose their clothes for coming to college.
Directions (Q.15-19): Below in each question
are given two statements (A) and (B). These
statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes
or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide
which of the following answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between these
two statements.
Mark answer 1) if statement (A) is the cause
and the statement (B) is its effect.
Mark answer 2) if statement (B) is the cause
and statement (A) is its effect.
Mark answer 3) if both statements (A) and (B)
are independent causes.
Mark answer 4) if both the statements (A) and
(B) are effects of independent causes.
Mark answer 5) if both statements (A) and (B)
are effects of some common cause.
15. A. Huge tidal waves wrecked the vast
coastline early in the morning killing
thousands of people.
B. Large number of people gathered along
the coastline to enjoy the spectacular
view of the sunrise.
16. A. The Govt. has suspended several police
officers in the city.
B. Five persons carrying huge quantity of
illicit liquor were apprehended by police.
17. A. The traffic police removed the signal
post at the intersection of two roads in a
quiet locality.
B. There have been many accidents at the
intersection involving vehicles moving at
the high speed.
18. A. The local steel company has taken over
the task of development and maintenance of the civic roads in the town.
B. The local civic body requested the corporate bodies to help them maintain the
civic facilities.
19. A. Majority of the students in the college
expressed their opinion against the college authority's decision to break away
from the university and become
autonomous.
B. The university authority has expressed
its inability to provide grants to its constituent colleges.
Key
1-4
2-2
3-1
4-5
5-4
6-4
7-1
8-1
9-2
10-4
11-1
12-5
13-2
14-5
15-5
16-4
17-1
18-2
19-3.
(Writer - Director, BSC, Hyderabad)
S. Arun Mohan
1. In a class of 60 students the number of boys
and girls participating in the annual sports are
in the ratio of 3 : 2. The number of girls from
the class not participating in the sports is 5
more than the number of boys from the class
who are not participating in the sports. If the
number of boys participating in the sports is
15, how many girls are there in the class?
1) Data inadequate
2) 20
3) 25
4) 30
5) None
Directions (Q.2-5): Read the following information and answer the questions given
below:
i) P, Q, R, S and T finished the work, working
from Monday to Saturday, one of the days
being a holiday, each working overtime
only on one of the days.
ii) R and T did not work overtime on the first
day.
iii) Q worked overtime the next day after the
holiday.
iv) The overtime work done on the previous
day of the holiday was by R.
v) There was a two days' gap between the
days on which P and Q worked overtime.
vi) P worked overtime the next day of the
overtime day of S.
2. When did T work overtime?
1) On the day previous of that on which S
worked overtime.
2) On the next day of the day on which Q
worked overtime.
3) Two days after the day on which S
worked overtime.
4) Cannot be determined
5) None of these
3. How many days' gap was there between the
days on which P and T worked overtime?
1) Three
2) Two
3) One
4) Cannot be determined 5) None of these
4. On what day did R work overtime?
1) Monday
2) Tuesday
3) Thursday
4) Friday
5) None of these
5. Which of the following is a correct statement?
1) P worked overtime, last among them.
2) P worked overtime earlier than S.
3) The holiday was on Friday.
4) S worked overtime earlier than Q.
5) None of these
Explanations
1-4; No. of boys participating = 15
Therefore, No.of girls participating
15
= ⎯ × 2 = 10 ............. (i)
3
Total students participating = 15 + 10 = 25
Total students not participating = 60 − 25 = 35
Suppose x boys do not participate. Then
there are x + 5 girls who not participate.
And, x + x + 5 = 35 or 2x = 30
Therefore x = 15
Hence no. of girls not participating
= x + 5 = 15 + 5 = 20 ............... (ii)
From (i) and (ii), no. of girls in the class
= 10 + 20 = 30
(2-5):
Person
Overtime
S
P
R
Holiday
Q
T
2-2
3-1
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
4-5; Wednesday
5-4
Reasoning questions are normally
considered to be very confusing as the
candidates can not easily decide on an
answer without taking some time and
applying good analytical skills. So
reasoning should not be attempted first!
On what day did R work overtime?
Directions (Q.6-9): In each of the questions
below are given three statements followed by
three conclusions numbered I, II and III.
You have to take the given statements to be
true even if they seem to be at variance with
commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
6. Statements: Some blades are papers.
Some papers are books.
Some books are pens.
Conclusions: I. Some pens are papers.
II. Some books are blades.
III. Some pens are blades.
1) Only I follows
2) Only II follows
3) Only III follows
4) None follows
5) Only II and III follow
7. Statements: Some cycles are bikes.
No bike is a flower.
All flowers are goats.
Conclusions: I. No goat is a cycle.
II. Some flowers are cycles.
III. Some goats are bikes.
1) None follows
2) Only I follows
3) Only II follows
4) Only III follows
5) Only II and III follow
8. Statements: Some trees are jungles.
Some jungles are flowers.
All flowers are streets.
Conclusions: I. Some streets are jungles.
II. Some streets are trees.
III. Some flowers are trees.
1) Only I follows
2) Only II follows
3) Only either I or III and II follow
4) Only I and II follow
5) None of these
9. Statements: All desks are tables.
All tables are chairs.
Some chairs are sofas.
Conclusions: I. Some sofas are desks.
II. Some chairs are desks.
III. Some tables are desks.
1) Only I and II follow 2) Only II and III follow
3) Only I and III follow
4) All follow
5) None of these
Directions (Q.10-14): In making decisions
about important questions, it is desirable to
be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments. 'Strong' arguments are those which are both important
and directly related to the question. 'Weak'
arguments are those which are of minor
importance and also may not be directly
related to the question or may be related to a
trivial aspect of the question.
Each question below is followed by two
arguments numbered I and II. You have to
decide which of the arguments is a 'strong'
argument and which is a 'weak' argument.
Give answer 1) if only argument I is strong.
Give answer 2) if argument II is strong.
Give answer 3) if either I or II is strong.
Give answer 4) if neither I nor II is strong.
Give answer 5) if both I and II are strong.
10. Should the parents in India in future be
forced to opt for only one child as against
two or many at present?
Arguments: I. Yes, this is the only way to check
the ever-increasing population of India.
II. No, this type of pressure tactic is not
adopted by any other country in the world.
11. Should the sex determination test during
pregnancy be completely banned?
Arguments: I. Yes, this leads to indiscriminate female foeticide and eventually will
lead to social imbalance.
II. No, people have a right to know about
their unborn child.
12. Should all the slums in big cities be demolished and the people living in such slums
be relocated outside the city limits?
Arguments: I. No, all these people will lose
their home and livelihood and hence they
should not be relocated.
II. Yes, the big cities need more and more
spaces to carry out developmental activities and hence these slums should be
removed.
6-4; I-type statements can't be combined.
7-1; Some cycles are bikes + No bike is flower
= I + E = O = Some cycles are not flowers. Hence II does not follow. Since Otype statement can't be combined, I does
not follow. Again, No bike is flower + All
flowers are goats = E + A = O∗ = Some
goats are not bikes.
Hence III does not follows.
8-1; Some jungles are flowers + All flowers are
streets = I + A = I = Some jungles are
streets → conversion → Some streets are
jungles (I). Hence I follows. Some trees
are jungles + Some jungles are streets =
I + I = No conclusion. Hence II does not
follow. Nor can the first two statements be
combined. Hence III does not follow.
9-2; All desks are tables (A) → conversion →
Some tables are desks (I). Hence III follows. All desks are tables + All tables are
chairs = A + A = A = All desks are chairs →
conversion → Some chairs are desks (I).
Hence II follows. However, All desks are
chairs + Some chairs are sofas. = A + I =
No conclusion. Hence I does not follow.
10-4; I is weak because it is superfluous; it
does not go into the reason for population control. II is an argument by example and hence weak.
11-1; I is strong because female foeticide is
undesirable. II is weak; which right are
we talking about 'Right to know the sex
of the unborn child'? No. Parents can
wait till the child's birth.
12-5; I is strong on humanitarian grounds. II is
strong on economic grounds.
13-2; I is weak because it is not relevant to
"complete ban". II is a strong argument
because banning mining in such a scenario will lead us into great trouble.
14-5; I is strong as improved ambience is
desirable. II is strong because regimentation of adults is undesirable.
15-5; It appears some special cosmic phenomenon has led to both A and B.
16-4; A certainly can't be the effect of B if we
believe in an ethical world. A is the effect
of bad policing and B of good policing.
17-1; The removal of signal post has led to the
accidents.
18-2; A has been done in response to B.
13. Should there be a complete ban on mining
coal in India?
Arguments: I. Yes, present stock of coal will
not last long if we continue mining at the
present rate.
II. No, we do not have alternate energy source
of sufficient quantity.
14. Should there be uniforms for students in the
colleges in India as in the schools?
Arguments: I. Yes, this will improve the ambience of the colleges as all the students will
be decently dressed.
II. No, college students should not be regimented and they should be left to
choose their clothes for coming to college.
Directions (Q.15-19): Below in each question
are given two statements (A) and (B). These
statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes
or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide
which of the following answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between these
two statements.
Mark answer 1) if statement (A) is the cause
and the statement (B) is its effect.
Mark answer 2) if statement (B) is the cause
and statement (A) is its effect.
Mark answer 3) if both statements (A) and (B)
are independent causes.
Mark answer 4) if both the statements (A) and
(B) are effects of independent causes.
Mark answer 5) if both statements (A) and (B)
are effects of some common cause.
15. A. Huge tidal waves wrecked the vast
coastline early in the morning killing
thousands of people.
B. Large number of people gathered along
the coastline to enjoy the spectacular
view of the sunrise.
16. A. The Govt. has suspended several police
officers in the city.
B. Five persons carrying huge quantity of
illicit liquor were apprehended by police.
17. A. The traffic police removed the signal
post at the intersection of two roads in a
quiet locality.
B. There have been many accidents at the
intersection involving vehicles moving at
the high speed.
18. A. The local steel company has taken over
the task of development and maintenance of the civic roads in the town.
B. The local civic body requested the corporate bodies to help them maintain the
civic facilities.
19. A. Majority of the students in the college
expressed their opinion against the college authority's decision to break away
from the university and become
autonomous.
B. The university authority has expressed
its inability to provide grants to its constituent colleges.
Key
1-4
2-2
3-1
4-5
5-4
6-4
7-1
8-1
9-2
10-4
11-1
12-5
13-2
14-5
15-5
16-4
17-1
18-2
19-3.
(Writer - Director, BSC, Hyderabad)
