Green Building

GREEN
BUILDING

NAME- DHANESH KUMAR PAREEK
REGISTRATION NO.
1301031034

Abstract-

GREEN BUILDING

Introduction-

GREEN BUILDING , It is also known as green construction or
sustainable building refers to a structure and using process that
is environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a
building's life-cycle: from siting to design, construction, operation,
maintenance, renovation, and demolition. In other words, green
building design involves finding the balance between
homebuilding and the sustainable environment. This requires
close cooperation of the design team, the architects, the
engineers, and the client at all project stages. The Green Building
practice expands and complements the classical building design
concerns of economy, utility, durability, and comfort.
Today it is commonly assumed that the built environment will
degrade the natural one, but this belief is not based on historical
evidence. For most of earth’s history, structures built for shelter
have typically enhanced biodiversity and benefited the
surrounding community. Beaver dams, for instance, create eddies
where wetlands form, supporting a vast array of diverse life. Why
should an office building be any different?
“Green building” is a way of enhancing the environment. It
benefits humans, the community, the environment, and a
builder’s bottom line. It is about tailoring
a building and its site to the to local climate, site conditions,
culture and community, in order to reduce resource consumption
while enhancing quality of life. There is no singular “look” for a
green building. While natural and resource efficient features can
be highlighted in a building, they can also be invisible within
any architectural design.
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a set of
rating systems for the design, construction, operation, and
maintenance of green buildings which was Developed by the U.S.
Green Building Council.

Although new technologies are constantly being developed to
complement current practices in creating greener structures, the
common objective is that green buildings are designed to reduce
the overall impact of the Built Environment on human health
and the natural environment by:

 Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources
 Protecting occupant health and improving employee
productivity
 Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation
A similar concept is natural building, which is usually on a smaller
scale and tends to focus on the use of natural materials that are
available locally. Other related topics include sustainable design
and green architecture. Sustainability may be defined as meeting
the needs of present generations without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their needs. Although some
green building programs don't address the issue of the retrofitting
existing homes, others do, especially through public schemes for
energy efficient refurbishment. Green construction principles can
easily be applied to retrofit work as well as new construction.
A 2009 report by the U.S. General Services Administration found
12 sustainably designed buildings COST LESS to operate and

have EXCELLENT ENERGY PERFORMANCE. In addition,
occupants were more satisfied with the overall building than
those in typical commercial buildings.
A green building is not an assemblage of “environmental”
components or a piecemeal modification of an already-designed,
standard building. These approaches not only add to the
building’s cost, but also produce marginal resource savings at
best. True green building takes a holistic approach to
programming, planning, designing, and constructing (or
renovating) buildings and sites. It involves connecting ofteninterlinked issues such as site and climate, building orientation
and form, lighting and thermal comfort, materials, etc., and
optimizing all these aspects in concert. In order to capture the
multiple benefits of synergistic design, the “whole system” design
process must occur early in the building’s conception and involve
interdisciplinary teamwork. In the conventional, linear
development process, key people are often left out of decisionmaking or brought in too late to make a worthwhile contribution.
Early and complete collaboration, however, can reduce or
eliminate both capital and operating costs, while at the same time
meeting environmental and social goals.
It is precisely the integrated approach described above and the
multiple benefits
thereby achieved that allow many green buildings to cost no more
than standard
buildings, even though some of their components may cost more.
Green design elements may each serve several functions and
might allow other building components to be downsized. For
example, better windows and insulation can result in smaller
heating systems; photovoltaic panels can double as shade for
parking or can replace a building’s spandrel glazing. Buildings use
40 percent of total U.S. energy (including 60 percent of electricity)
and 16 percent of total U.S. water; they produce 40 percent of the
waste in landfills. Natural Capitalism documents how radical
improvements in resource efficiency are readily possible—today’s
off-the-shelf technologies can make existing buildings three to
four times more resource-efficient and new buildings ten times

more resource-efficient. Reducing energy use in buildings saves
resources and money while reducing pollution and CO2 in the
atmosphere. It also leverages even greater savings at power
plants. For the average 33-percent-efficient coal-fired power
plant, saving a unit of electricity in a building saves three units of
fuel at the power plant. As RMI’s Amory Lovins has often said, “It’s
cheaper to save fuel than to burn it.”
But full financial benefits will only be realized by using the
integrated approach
described above (high performance windows will increase initial
costs unless the
designer takes proper credit for smaller heating and/or cooling
loads and equipment). Just as important as what goes into a
green building is what can be left out. Green building design
eliminates waste and redundancy wherever possible. One of the
key ways of reducing resource consumption and cost is to
evaluate first whether a new building needs to be built.
Renovating an existing building can save money, time, and
resources.
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Goals of green building are
Life cycle assessment
Siting and structure design efficiency
Energy efficiency
Water efficiency
Materials efficiency
Indoor environmental quality enhancement
Operations and maintenance optimization
Waste reduction

Energy Efficiency
CHAPTERS
 Introduction of Energy Efficiency

 Sustainability
 Efficiency Strategies
 Energy Efficiency And Renewable Energy Solutions
 Passive Solar Building Design
 Daylighting
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Light reflectors

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Light tubes

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Heliostats

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Smart glass

 Energy-efficient landscaping

…..Green buildings often include measures to reduce energy consumption – both the embodied
energy required to extract, process, transport and install building materials and operating energy
to provide services such as heating and power for equipment.
As high-performance buildings use less operating energy, embodied energy has assumed much
greater importance – and may make up as much as 30% of the overall life cycle energy
consumption. Studies such as the U.S. LCI Database Project show buildings built primarily with
wood will have a lower embodied energy than those built primarily with brick, concrete, or steel.
To reduce operating energy use, designers use details that reduce air leakage through the
building envelope (the barrier between conditioned and unconditioned space). They also specify
high-performance windows and extra insulation in walls, ceilings, and floors. Another strategy,
passive solar building design, is often implemented in low-energy homes. Designers orient
windows and walls and place awnings, porches, and trees to shade windows and roofs during
the summer while maximizing solar gain in the winter. In addition, effective window placement
(daylighting) can provide more natural light and lessen the need for electric lighting during the
day. Solar water heating further reduces energy costs.
Onsite generation of renewable energy through solar power, wind power, hydro power, or
biomass can significantly reduce the environmental impact of the building. Power generation is
generally the most expensive feature to add to a building.
 SUSTAINABILITY
What is meant by sustainability?
Sustainability: Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs. -

It is believed that 21st century cities must be greener and smarter; hence, promoting
sustainable cities has become a key issue for many developing countries. The concept of
sustainability is a broad global issue comprising various interrelated studies about people, the
environment and society. The significance of sustainable cities could be elucidated by identifying
the role of sustainability. Indeed, this sustainability represents a new approach that embraces
the concepts of green infrastructure based on a rethinking process designed to link the entire
implementation of current cities to the environment, technology, the As Sustainability principles
are defined around the triple bottom line of Social, Environmental and Economic performance.

Improving efficiency in buildings – especially energy efficiency – is the fastest, first, and most
important step to meeting our goals and performing to the triple bottom line of sustainability to
achieve our goals to Build Green Building.
Economy, Society and People. It is ultimately concluded that sustainability encompasses three
fundamental constituents as environmental, socio-cultural and economic sustainability while the
respectively mentioned components are substantially bound up with the circumstances of the
enhancement of well-being for the inhabitants.
 EFFICIENCY STRATEGIES
We can deliver innovative energy efficiency and infrastructure improvements that support our
triple bottom line by balancing economic, environmental, and social outcomes. Energy efficiency
is most effective when partnered with water efficiency, renewable energy technology and data
enhancements, as well as educated building occupants.
There are many different ways to improve the efficiency of your buildings
Some organizations go after the visible first, tackling waste reduction with recycling programs.
Others pursue looking for opportunities to save the most money. In some cases, a resource like
water is especially scarce, and it commands first attention.
Energy efficiency retrofits optimize and modernize your facilities by introducing proven
improvements that lower energy, operating and capital costs while simultaneously improving
indoor environments and reducing impact on the outdoor environment.
In Australia, 90% of the energy used in buildings comes from black coal fired power generation.
Fossil fuels produce large amounts of CO2 emissions.
Globally, many opportunities are available for RENEWABLE ENERGY.
 ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOLUTIONS
We all know that renewable source of energy are source of energy which are available as
unlimited source of energy or if once depleted then can be regenerated again.
These are called renewable source of energy
Renewable source of energy are
Solar energy, wind energy and Geo thermal Energy etc
So we build a green building such that so that it becomes not only energy efficient But also can
produce Energy (Electrical Energy or Electricity).
By using renewable source of Energy as mentioned above. And in Energy efficient strategies.

 PASSIVE SOLAR BUILDING DESIGN
In passive solar building design, windows, walls, and floors are made to collect, store, and
distribute solar energy in the form of heat in the winter and reject solar heat in the summer. This
is called passive solar design because, unlike active solar heating systems, it does not involve
the use of mechanical and electrical devices.
The key to designing a passive solar
building is to best take advantage of the
local climate. Elements to be considered
include window placement and size, and
glazing type, thermal insulation, thermal
mass, and shading. Passive solar design
techniques can be applied most easily to
new buildings, but existing buildings can
adapted or "retrofitted".

be

Passive Gain - Elements of passive solar
design, shown in a direct gain application
Passive solar technologies use sunlight
without active mechanical systems (as
contrasted to active solar). Such
technologies convert sunlight into usable
heat (in water, air, and thermal mass),
cause air-movement for ventilating, or
future use, with little use of other energy

sources. A common example is a
solarium on the equator-side of a
building. Passive cooling is the use
of the same design principles to
reduce summer cooling
requirements.
Some passive systems use a small
amount of conventional energy to
control dampers, shutters, night
insulation, and other devices that
enhance solar energy collection,
storage, and use, and reduce
undesirable heat transfer.
Passive solar technologies include direct and indirect solar gain for space heating, solar water
heating systems based on the thermosiphon or geyser pump, use of thermal mass and phasechange materials for slowing indoor air temperature swings, solar cookers, the solar chimney for
enhancing natural ventilation, and earth sheltering.

More widely, passive solar technologies include the solar furnace and solar forge, but these
typically require some external energy for aligning their concentrating mirrors or receivers, and
historically have not proven to be practical or cost effective for widespread use. 'Low-grade'
energy needs, such as space and water heating, have proven, over time, to be better
applications for passive use of solar energy.
 Daylighting
Daylighting is the practice of placing windows or other openings and reflective surfaces so that
during the day natural light provides effective internal lighting. Particular attention is given to day
lighting while designing a building when the aim is to maximize visual comfort or to reduce
energy use. Energy savings can be achieved from the reduced use of artificial (electric) lighting
or from passive solar heating or cooling. Artificial lighting energy use can be reduced by simply
installing fewer electric lights because daylight is present, or by dimming/switching electric lights
automatically in response to the presence of daylight, a process known as daylight harvesting.
Although there are many elements in daylighting but I am giving just giving a short introduction
of some of it’s elements
 Light reflectors
Once used extensively in office buildings, the manually adjustable light reflector is seldom in use
today having been supplanted by a combination of other methods in concert with artificial
illumination. The reflector had found favor where the choices of artificial light provided poor
illumination compared to modern electric lighting.
 Light tubes
Tubular daylighting devices, such as this one from Solatube International, harvest sunlight and
transmit it through a highly reflective tube into an interior space at the ceiling level.
Another type of device used is the light tube, also called a tubular daylighting device (TDD),
which is placed into a roof and admits light to a focused area of the interior. These somewhat
resemble recessed ceiling light fixtures. They do
not
allow as much heat transfer as skylights because
they have less surface area.
TDDs use modern technology to transmit visible
light through opaque walls and roofs. The tube
itself is a passive component consisting of either
a
simple reflective interior coating or a light
conducting fiber optic bundle. It is frequently
capped with a transparent, roof-mounted dome
'light collector' and terminated with a diffuser
assembly that admits the daylight into interior spaces and distributes the available light energy
evenly (or else efficiently if the use of the lit space is reasonably fixed, and the user desired one
or more 'bright-spots').
 Heliostats
A heliostat. The mirror rotates on a computer-controlled, motor-driven altazimuth mount.
The use of heliostats, mirrors which are moved automatically to reflect sunlight in a constant
direction as the sun moves across the sky, is gaining popularity as an energy-efficient method of
lighting. A heliostat can be used to shine sunlight directly through a window or skylight, or into

any arrangement of optical elements, such as light
tubes, that distribute the light where it is needed.
 Smart glass
Smart glass is the name given to a class of materials
and devices that can be switched between a
transparent state and a state which is opaque,
translucent, reflective, or retro-reflective. The switching
is done by applying a voltage to the material, or by
performing some simple mechanical operation.
Windows, skylights, etc., that are made of smart glass
can be used to adjust indoor lighting, compensating for
changes of the brightness of the light outdoors and of the required brightness indoors.

Thus By using renewable source of energy we satisfies our sustainability pricinples of energy
and grows the efficiency of Green Building
 Energy-efficient landscaping

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Energy-efficient landscaping is a type of landscaping designed for the purpose of
conserving energy. There is a distinction between the embedded energy of materials and
constructing the landscape, and the energy consumed by the maintenance and
operations of a landscape.
Design techniques include:
Planting trees for the purpose of providing shade, which reduces cooling costs.
Planting or building windbreaks to slow winds near buildings, which reduces heat loss.
Wall sheltering, where shrubbery or vines are used to create a windbreak directly against
a wall.
Earth sheltering and positioning buildings to take advantage of natural landforms as
windbreaks.
Green roofs that cool buildings with extra thermal mass and evapotranspiration.
Reducing the heat island effect with pervious paving, high albedo paving, shade, and
minimizing paved areas.
Site lighting with full cut off fixtures, light level sensors, and high efficiency fixtures.

POPULAR GREEN BUILDINGS
Cherokee Studios, Los Angeles
Brooks + Scarpa
This apartment/office complex is built on the site of the old Cherokee recording studios in Los
Angeles, which once hosted the likes of David Bowie and Warren Zevon but is now home to one
of the greenest buildings in the U.S. The design uses passive cooling that takes advantage of
the Southern California climate, and it has day lighting that minimizes the need for electric lights
— most of which are high-efficiency LEDs.

Lance Armstrong Foundation, Austin, Texas
Lake | Flato Architects
The headquarters for Lance Armstrong's foundation
was established in a renovated 1950s warehouse that
was transformed into a multifunctional office space.
For the new design, 88% of the material from the
original building was recycled and used, while the
roof's center bays were replaced with north-facing
windows to harvest daylight. No toxic chemicals were
used in or around the building, which earned a gold
certification from
Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design
(LEED).
Taipei 101
Taipei 101 formerly known as the Taipei World Financial Center, is a
landmark supertall skyscraper in Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan. The
building was officially classified as the world's tallest in 2004, and
remained such until the opening of Burj Khalifa in Dubai in 2010. In
July 2011, the building was awarded the LEED Platinum
certification, the highest award according the Leadership in Energy
and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system, and became the
tallest and largest green building in the world.