Health Care Delivery System
Content
By, Madhvi
Health delivery care services is an important aspect. Its concern is to develop a system which ensures need based comprehensive health care services to people at large especially those living in remote and backward areas, using available resources (manpower, money, material) as effectively as possible.
The various factors which would determine health care delivery system are :1. Consumer of health care:-The consumers of health care are the people to whom health care services are to be rendered. The nature of services would depend upon the size, demographic characteristics, physiological and health status of people, their health attitude and health behavior, morbidity and mortality problems, life style and standard of living, socio-cultural practices, physical surroundings of people, health awareness and consciousness, health demands etc.
2. Providers of health care:-It refers to a man power who are authorized and responsible to provide health are services to people. The number and categories of trained personnel available, their attitude, service conditions, health technology, future scope in development of manpower will influence the delivery of health care services.
3.The Funding Sources :- It can be Govt. Source, private Source ( direct payment ), Voluntary contribution from people, social and private insurance through joint contributions and through premium respectively. 4.Other Factors :- It includes constitutional obligations, political obligations, political system, ideology, agenda, etc. health policies, judiciary obligations and control, executive machinery, etc.
The services in the urban areas are rendered through district hospital, state level hospital and medical college hospitals. There are also hospitals and institutes of higher education and research which are under Central Govt. & provide general as well as referral services. In addition, there are maternal- child health as well as referral services, family welfare centres, family planning clinics, dispensaries, maternity homes, community hospital run by local Govt. to provide specific primary level services to defined population.
Referral System
There is need for organized system for referral system for cases to be referred to higher institution or any referral institution to facilitate accessibility and to make the system not only cost effective but also credible and efficient. A well organized system implies that : There is linkage among the various level of services The reference system is known to all.
The referral is done in writing giving info about :
o o o o o o o
Identification data about client Existing problem, complaints Treatment & care given Reason for referral Name & designation of person making referred Name of institution making the referral Date & time of referral
Referral must be honored by referral agency. Referral agency must give feedback in writing to the referring agency about the nature of problems, treatment, prognosis, further treatment & care to be continued, follow up, etc.
In present health care delivery system , the primary health care infrastructure at the block level & hospital at the district & state level are transferred to the next higher level or beyond. The cases are referred from village level by village health guide to sub-centre or PHC or from sub-centre to PHC/ first referral unit or further up by health worker. There is only one way referral system i.e. there is no feedback to the agency which has referred the cases.
Village health guide
Sub-centre, FHW
PHC
Rural Hosp.
District Hosp.
Teaching / Regional Hosp.
Specialty Hosp.
Health delivery care services is an important aspect. Its concern is to develop a system which ensures need based comprehensive health care services to people at large especially those living in remote and backward areas, using available resources (manpower, money, material) as effectively as possible.
The various factors which would determine health care delivery system are :1. Consumer of health care:-The consumers of health care are the people to whom health care services are to be rendered. The nature of services would depend upon the size, demographic characteristics, physiological and health status of people, their health attitude and health behavior, morbidity and mortality problems, life style and standard of living, socio-cultural practices, physical surroundings of people, health awareness and consciousness, health demands etc.
2. Providers of health care:-It refers to a man power who are authorized and responsible to provide health are services to people. The number and categories of trained personnel available, their attitude, service conditions, health technology, future scope in development of manpower will influence the delivery of health care services.
3.The Funding Sources :- It can be Govt. Source, private Source ( direct payment ), Voluntary contribution from people, social and private insurance through joint contributions and through premium respectively. 4.Other Factors :- It includes constitutional obligations, political obligations, political system, ideology, agenda, etc. health policies, judiciary obligations and control, executive machinery, etc.
The services in the urban areas are rendered through district hospital, state level hospital and medical college hospitals. There are also hospitals and institutes of higher education and research which are under Central Govt. & provide general as well as referral services. In addition, there are maternal- child health as well as referral services, family welfare centres, family planning clinics, dispensaries, maternity homes, community hospital run by local Govt. to provide specific primary level services to defined population.
Referral System
There is need for organized system for referral system for cases to be referred to higher institution or any referral institution to facilitate accessibility and to make the system not only cost effective but also credible and efficient. A well organized system implies that : There is linkage among the various level of services The reference system is known to all.
The referral is done in writing giving info about :
o o o o o o o
Identification data about client Existing problem, complaints Treatment & care given Reason for referral Name & designation of person making referred Name of institution making the referral Date & time of referral
Referral must be honored by referral agency. Referral agency must give feedback in writing to the referring agency about the nature of problems, treatment, prognosis, further treatment & care to be continued, follow up, etc.
In present health care delivery system , the primary health care infrastructure at the block level & hospital at the district & state level are transferred to the next higher level or beyond. The cases are referred from village level by village health guide to sub-centre or PHC or from sub-centre to PHC/ first referral unit or further up by health worker. There is only one way referral system i.e. there is no feedback to the agency which has referred the cases.
Village health guide
Sub-centre, FHW
PHC
Rural Hosp.
District Hosp.
Teaching / Regional Hosp.
Specialty Hosp.
