Hybrid Bicycle

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The hybrid bicycle offers a cleaner alternative to travel short-to-moderate distances rather than driving a gasoline-powered car.The DC power generated by dynamo can be stored via batteries and used to drive a motor. Whenever there is a uphill, the motor can be triggered and thus the bicycle will act as electric vehicle. Hybrid Bicycle is not a new idea, with many created by hobbyist for residential use with small scale energy in mind. We are looking to expand upon these designs and build a modified hybrid bicycle that will convert human power into electrical power. The objective is to build a device that is safer and more power efficient.

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PROJECT REPORT
ON
“ HYBRID BICYCLE”
SUBMITTED BY :NIKITA PAL

18

AKASH DHOSEWAN
48

ANUJ SHRIVASTAVA 55

NAVEEN PUSHPJIVI
95

GUIDE:- PROF. ANISH GOEL
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
SHRI RAMDEOBABA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

NAGPUR-440013.

CONTENTS
1. ABSTRACT
2. BLOCK DIAGRAM
3. WORKING
4. ADVANTAGES
5. APPLICATIONS
6. REFERENCES

ABSTRACT


Our goal for this project is to design and implement hybrid bicycle which
will be beneficial to the planet. Looking at the growing statistics of
pollution and fuel consumption we decided to work on this.



The hybrid bicycle offers a cleaner alternative to travel short-to-moderate
distances rather than driving a gasoline-powered car.



The DC power generated by dynamo can be stored via batteries and used
to drive a motor. Whenever there is a uphill, the motor can be triggered
and thus the bicycle will act as electric vehicle.



Hybrid Bicycle is not a new idea, with many created by hobbyist for
residential use with small scale energy in mind. We are looking to expand
upon these designs and build a modified hybrid bicycle that will convert
human power into electrical power. The objective is to build a device that
is safer and more power efficient.

DESIGN OF PROJECT
THE HYBRID BICYCLE CONSISTS OF : 1) DRIVER CIRCUIT 2) DC
MOTOR 3) REGULATION CIRCUIT 4)CHARGING CIRCUIT 5)
CONTROL CIRCUIT 6)DYNAMO 7) ACCELEROMETER
When we pedal the bicycle, the rotational motion of the front
tyre will be used to convert mechanical energy produced
directly into a DC voltage through a dynamo and regulation
circuit. Initially voltage produced from dynamo is passed
through a full wave bridge rectifier to get pure DC voltage.
This DC voltage can then be stored in a lead acid battery &
later it can be discharged to drive the motor.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

WORKING
The working of the hybrid bicycle can be explained as follows:-

1)

Dynamo :- Dynamo will act as the dc power generator.The dynamo uses rotating
coils of wire and magnetic fields to convert mechanical rotation into a pulsing direct
electric current through Faraday's law of induction. A dynamo machine consists of a
stationary structure, called the stator, which provides a constant magnetic field , and
a set of rotating windings called the armature which turn within that field. The motion
of the wire within the magnetic field causes the field to push on the electrons in the
metal, creating an electric current in the wire. The output(7 V, 700 mA : varying) of
the dynamo is connected to the charging circuit.

2)

Regulation circuit :- The regulation circuit takes the varying input from dynamo and
regulates it to give a constant output of (7 V, 700 mA). The circuit consists of IC LM
317(regulator ic), 10 micro farad capacitor, potentiometer (10 K-Ohm) and
resistor(383 ohm). The output of this circuit is given to the charging circuit.

3) Charging circuit :- The output of regulation circuit is given to the lead acid battery .
Diodes are connected to avoid the backflow of current. The rating of the battery is 6 volts
, 4.5 ampere. The output of battery is given to the DC motor.
4) Control circuit :- This circuit consists of ARM based microcontroller . It will control the
triggering of the motor for hilly region. Whenever a hill is encountered, the accelerometer
will give signal to the microcontroller which in turn will activate the motor. Thus the motor
will drive the bicycle until a flat surface is sensed by the accelerometer.
5)DC Motor :- The DC motor will rotate via the battery’s output power and thus the
bicycle will act as electric vehicle.
6)Driver circuit :- Normal DC motors require current greater than 250 mA.
Microcontroller IC’s cannot supply this amount of current. Hence, we use driver circuit as
abridge between them. Driver circuit will incorporate L293D IC.

WHY HYBRID BICYCLE?
The power crisis will not be getting better in the future. The U.S. Energy Information
Administration stated in their International Energy Outlook Report for 2014 that the
world energy consumption will increase by 49 percent, or 1.4 percent per year, from
495 quadrillion Btu in 2007 to 739 quadrillion Btu by 2035, as shown in Figure 1.1. If
any growth in the world’s energy supply and infrastructure is to occur in the future, it
is likely the majority of this energy will go to these developed countries before any 7
developing or third world country. This will only exasperate the needs and deficiency
of these developing and third world countries. Oil is by far the most used energy
product in the world’s energy supply .

According to the International Energy Agency, oil products make up over 33% of the
world’s energy supply.
The amount of CO2 produced due to burning of fuel is the major source for increase
in pollution.
This hybrid bicycle is an alternative to use more sustainable and energy efficient

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY OUTLOOK REPORT FOR
2014

IMPROVEMENTS MADE IN THE PROJECT

• Mobile charging USB cable.
• High efficient brakes will be used.
• GPS will be used to locate the position of the
person.

• Front and rear headlights.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED
1.Bicycle
2.ARM based microcontroller.
3.Dynamo

4.LM317 Regulator IC, Resistor(383 Ohm),
Potentiometer(10KiloOhm), Capacitor(10MicroFarad), Diodes ,
PCB.
5.Lead Acid Battery.
6.Mobile charging by USB cable.
7. IC L293D

SCHEDULE PLAN
1.Testing of Dynamo.
2.Implementation of Regulation circuit to produce a constant D.C output
of 6V
& 700mA to charge the battery.
3.Rotate the D.C Motor via battery’s output power.

4.To design a code that will control the triggering of Motor via
accelerometer.
5.GPS module to predict the present location.
6.Incorporate USB cable for charging mobiles.

ADVANTAGES
The electrical power generated through dynamo is eco-friendly with no use of
any fuels or release of toxic fumes that may cause global warming.

This would give less fortunate people many of the comforts and make them
self-sustainable.

Low Production Cost
High Safety
 High Energy Efficiency
Low Upkeep
High Product Durability

REFRENCES
California Polytechnic State University’s Senior Project on
electric bicycle system.

Basic electronics textbook(XII standard)

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