Hyde Park, London
Content
Hyde Park, London
Hyde Park is one of the largest parks in London, and one I permitted limited access to gentlefolk,[6] appointing a
of the Royal Parks of London, famous for its Speakers’ ranger to take charge. Charles I created the Ring (north
Corner.
of the present Serpentine boathouses), and in 1637 he
[7]
The park was the site of the Great Exhibition of 1851, opened the park to the general public.
for which the Crystal Palace was designed by Joseph Paxton. The park has become a traditional location for mass
demonstrations. The Chartists, the Reform League, the
Suffragettes, and the Stop the War Coalition have all held
protests in the park. Many protesters on the Liberty and
Livelihood March in 2002 started their march from Hyde
Park. On 20 July 1982 in the Hyde Park and Regents
Park bombings, two bombs linked to the Provisional Irish
Republican Army caused the death of eight members of
the Household Cavalry and the Royal Green Jackets and
seven horses.
The park is divided in two by the Serpentine and the Long
Water. The park is contiguous with Kensington Gardens;
although often still assumed to be part of Hyde Park, Hyde Park c. 1833: Rotten Row is “The King’s Private Road”
Kensington Gardens has been technically separate since
1728, when Queen Caroline made a division between the
two. Hyde Park covers 142 hectares (350 acres)[2] and
Kensington Gardens covers 111 hectares (275 acres),[3]
giving an overall area of 253 hectares (625 acres), making
the combined area larger than the Principality of Monaco
(196 hectares or 480 acres), though smaller than the Bois
de Boulogne in Paris (845 hectares, or 2090 acres), New
York City's Central Park (341 hectares or 840 acres), and
Dublin’s Phoenix Park (707 hectares, or 1,750 acres). To
the southeast, outside the park, is Hyde Park Corner. Although, during daylight, the two parks merge seamlessly
into each other, Kensington Gardens closes at dusk but
Hyde Park remains open throughout the year from 5 a.m.
until midnight.
Hyde Park is the largest of four parks which form a chain
from the entrance of Kensington Palace through Kensington Gardens and Hyde Park, via Hyde Park Corner
and Green Park (19 hectares), past the main entrance to
Buckingham Palace and then on through Saint James’s
Park (23 hectares) to Horse Guards Parade in Whitehall.
1
A map showing the Hyde Park ward of Paddington Metropolitan
Borough as it appeared in 1916.
In 1689, when William III moved his residence to
Kensington Palace on the far side of Hyde Park, he had
a drive laid out across its south edge, formerly known as
“The King’s Private Road”, which still exists as a wide
straight gravelled carriage track leading west from Hyde
Park Corner across the south boundary of Hyde Park
towards Kensington Palace. The drive is now known
as Rotten Row, possibly a corruption of rotteran (to
muster),[8] Ratten Row (roundabout way), Route du roi, or
rotten (the soft material with which the road is covered).[9]
Public transport entering London from the west paralleled
the King’s private road along Kensington Gore, just out-
History
Hyde Park was created in 1536 by Henry Vill for
hunting.[4] He acquired the manor of Hyde from the
canons of Westminster Abbey, who had held it since before the Norman Conquest;[5] it was enclosed as a deer
park and remained a private hunting ground until James
1
2
3 FEATURES
side the park. In the late 1800s, the row was used by the
wealthy for horseback rides.[10]
The first coherent landscaping was undertaken by Charles
Bridgeman for Queen Caroline;[11] under the supervision
of Charles Withers, the Surveyor-General of Woods and
Forests, who took some credit for it. It was completed
in 1733 at a cost to the public purse of £20,000. Bridgeman’s piece of water called The Serpentine, formed by
damming the little Westbourne that flowed through the
park, was not truly in the Serpentine “line of beauty”
that William Hogarth described, but merely irregular on
a modest curve. The 2nd Viscount Weymouth was made
Ranger of Hyde Park in 1739 and shortly began digging
the Serpentine lakes at Longleat.[12] The Serpentine is
divided from the Long Water by a bridge designed by
George Rennie (1826).
One of the most important events to take place in the park
was the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was
constructed on the south side of the park. The public in
general did not want the building to remain in the park after the closure of the exhibition, and the design architect,
Joseph Paxton, raised funds and purchased it. He had it
moved to Sydenham Hill in South London.[13]
Another significant event held in Hyde Park was the first
Victoria Cross investiture, on 26 June 1857, when 62
men were decorated by Queen Victoria in the presence
of Prince Albert and other members of the Royal Family,
including their future son-in-law Crown Prince Frederick
of Prussia, later Emperor Frederick III.[14]
2
archways, two foot entrances, a lodge, etc. The
extent of the whole frontage is about 107 ft
(33 m). The central entrance has a bold projection: the entablature is supported by four
columns; and the volutes of the capitals of the
outside column on each side of the gateway are
formed in an angular direction, so as to exhibit
two complete faces to view. The two side gateways, in their elevations, present two insulated
Ionic columns, flanked by antae. All these entrances are finished by a blocking, the sides of
the central one being decorated with a beautiful frieze, representing a naval and military triumphal procession. This frieze was designed
by Mr. Henning, junior, the son of Mr. Henning who was well known for his models of
the Elgin marbles. “The gates were manufactured by Messrs. Bramah. They are of iron,
bronzed, and fixed or hung to the piers by rings
of gun-metal. The design consists of a beautiful arrangement of the Greek honeysuckle ornament; the parts being well defined, and the
raffles of the leaves brought out in a most extraordinary manner.”[16]
3 Features
Grand Entrance
The 7 July Memorial to the victims of the 7 July 2005 London
bombings
Sites of interest in the park include Speakers’ Corner (located in the northeast corner near Marble Arch), close to
the former site of the Tyburn gallows, and Rotten Row,
which is the northern boundary of the site of the Crystal Palace. South of the Serpentine is the Diana, Princess
of Wales memorial, an oval stone ring fountain opened
The Grand Entrance to Hyde Park
on 6 July 2004. To the east of the Serpentine, just beThe Grand Entrance to the park, also known as Apsley yond the dam, is London’s Holocaust Memorial. The 7
Gate, at Hyde Park Corner next to Apsley House, was July Memorial in the park commemorates the victims of
erected from the designs of Decimus Burton in 1824– 7 July 2005 London bombings.
25.[15] An early description reports:
A botanical curiosity is the Weeping Beech, Fagus sylvatica pendula, cherished as “the upside-down tree”. Oppo“It consists of a screen of handsome fluted
site Hyde Park Corner stands one of the grandest hotels
Ionic columns, with three carriage entrance
in London, The Lanesborough (Formerly—until the early
3
1970s—St George’s Hospital). Stanhope Lodge (Decimus Burton, 1824–25) at Stanhope Gate,[17] demolished
to widen Park Lane, was the home of Samuel Parkes
who won the Victoria Cross in the Charge of the Light
Brigade. After leaving the army, Parkes became inspector of the park’s constables, and died in the lodge on 14
November 1864. A rose garden, designed by Colvin &
Moggridge Landscape Architects, was added in 1994.[18]
5 Events
An assortment of unusual sculptures are scattered around
the park, including Drinking Horse, made in the shape of
a massive horse head lapping up water, a family of Jelly
Babies standing on top of a large black cube, and Vroom
Vroom,[19] which resembles a giant human hand pushing
a toy car along the ground.
Live 8 concert on 2 July 2005
4
Debates
Hyde Park has been the venue for some famous rock concerts, including the major location for the Live 8 string of
benefit concerts where Pink Floyd reunited their classic
line up for the first time in over 30 years. Queen played
here in one of their most popular shows, in 1976. It is estimated that 150–200 thousand people turned up for the
event.[24] However, the record concert attendance is probably for the 1969 concert by the Rolling Stones. According to much of the press, the crowd then was estimated
between 250,000 and 500,000.[25] Blur played here as
part of their reunion. They have released two live albums
recorded at the park called All the People: Blur Live at
Hyde Park (2009) and Parklive (2012).
Local residents have become critical of Hyde Park as a
concert venue, due to the sound levels, and have camA Protestant Christian protesting at Speakers’ Corner in 2010
paigned for a maximum sound level of 73 decibels.[26] In
June 2012, Bruce Springsteen and Paul McCartney found
their microphones switched off after Springsteen had
Hyde Park’s Speakers’ Corner has acquired an interna- played a three-hour set during the Park’s Hard Rock Calltional reputation for demonstrations and other protests[20] ing festival, and overshot the 10:30pm curfew time.[27]
due to its tolerance of free speech.[21] In 1855, a protest
at the park was organised to demonstrate against Robert In 2013, Hyde Park hosted “Barclaycard presents British
Grosvenor's attempt to ban Sunday trading, including a Summer Time Hyde Park”, the first of a five-year concert
restriction on pub opening times. Karl Marx observed ap- series developed with new promoters AEG Live who won
proximately 200,000 protesters attended the demonstra- the tender at the end of 2012. The following year, Canation, which involved jeering and taunting at upper-class dian band Arcade Fire's set in Hyde Park was described
[28]
horse carriages. A further protest occurred a week later, as “the concert of the summer”.
but this time the police attacked the crowd.[22]
Since 2007, Hyde Park has hosted “Winter Wonderland”,
In 1867 the policing of the park was entrusted to the featuring fun fair rides from around Europe, markets, an
Metropolitan Police, the only royal park so managed, ice rink, and numerous bars, restaurants, and cafes.
due to the potential for trouble at Speakers’ Corner. A Since 1996, the park has been the London venue for the
Metropolitan Police station ('AH') is situated in the mid- Proms in the Park concerts, held on the last night of the
dle of the park. The 1872 Parks Regulation Act created BBC Proms.[29]
positions of “park keeper” and also provided that “Every police constable belonging to the police force of the On 18 September 2010, Hyde Park was the setting for
district in which any park, garden, or possession to which a prayer vigil with Pope Benedict XVI as part of Pope
this Act applies is situate shall have the powers, privileges, Benedict XVI’s visit to the United Kingdom, attended by
and immunities of a park-keeper within such park, gar- around 80,000 people.
Pink performed at the park on 2 July 2010 during The
den, or possession.”[23]
4
8 NOTES
Funhouse Summer Carnival. On 17 July 2012, Madonna
performed in Hyde Park for her only London date during
The MDNA Tour in front of nearly 55,000 people. The
Rolling Stones performed two concerts at the park on 6
and 13 July 2013, as part of their 50 & Counting Tour.
[2] “Hyde Park”. Royalparks.org.uk. Retrieved 11 December
2011.
For the 2012 Summer Olympics, the park hosted the
triathlon, which brothers Alistair Brownlee and Jonathan
Brownlee took the Gold and Bronze medals[30] for Team
GB, and the 10 km open water swimming events.
[4] Self 2014, p. 28.
Kylie Minogue performed in 21 June 2015 as part of her
Kylie Summer 2015 Tour.[31]
Taylor Swift performed at the venue in front of 65,000
people on 27 June 2015 as part of her The 1989 World
Tour.[32]
The park has also hosted the ITU World Triathlon Grand
Final.[33]
6
Transport
[3] “Kensington Gardens”. Royalparks.org.uk. Retrieved 11
December 2011.
[5] It was the northeast part of the manor of Eia, or Ebury.
('The Acquisition of the Estate', Survey of London 39:
The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 1 (General History)
(1977), pp. 1–5. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/
report.asp?compid=41820. Date accessed: 5 June 2007);
about the time of Domesday the manor of Eia was divided
into three smaller manors, Ebury (Eia), Neyte and Hyde.
“The latter still lives and flourishes as a royal park, under
its ancient name, no doubt of Saxon origin”, Edward Walford, Old and New London: Volume 4; the Oxford Book of
British Place Names says the various “Hyde” placenames,
including Hyde Park, comes from the Anglo-Saxon unit
of land taxation, the hide.
[6] Humphreys & Bamber 2003, p. 284.
[7] Porter 2000, p. 279.
There are five London Underground stations located on
or near the edges of Hyde Park and Kensington Gardens
(which is contiguous with Hyde Park). In clockwise order
starting from the south-east, they are:
• Hyde Park Corner (Piccadilly line)
• Knightsbridge (Piccadilly line)
• Queensway (Central line)
• Lancaster Gate (Central line)
• Marble Arch (Central line)
[8] Edward Walford. 'Hyde Park', Old and New London: Volume 4 (1878), pp. 375–405. Retrieved 29 January 2009.
[9] E Cobham Brewer. 'Dictionary of Phrase and Fable.
Henry Altemus, 1898; Bartleby.com, 2000. Retrieved 29
January 2009.
[10] Dunton, Larkin (1894). The World and Its People. Silver,
Burdett. p. 30.
[11] Bridgeman was Royal Gardener 1728–38; he also designed the Round Pond in Kensington Gardens. Peter
Willis, Charles Bridgeman and the English Landscape
Garden (London and New York) 1978, devotes a chapter to Bridgeman’s Royal Commissions.
Bayswater tube station, on the Circle and District lines, is [12] Timothy Mowl, “Rococo and Later Landscaping at Lonalso close to Queensway station and the north-west corgleat”, Garden History 23.1 (Summer 1995, pp. 56–66)
p. 59, noting Jacob Larwood, The Story of London Parks
ner of the park. High Street Kensington tube station, on
1881:41.
the Circle and District is very close to Kensington Palace
located on the Southwest corner of Kensington Gardens.
[13] Purbrick, Louise: The Great Exhibition of 1851: New
Paddington station, served by Bakerloo, Circle and DisInterdisciplinary Essays: 2001: Manchester University
trict, and Hammersmith & City lines, is close to LanPress, p. 122
caster Gate station and a short walk away from Hyde Park.
[14] Crook, M. J.: The Evolution of the Victoria Cross: 1975:
Midas Books, pp. 49–52.
7
See also
• List of public art in Hyde Park, London
8
Notes
Citations
[1] “Hyde Park History”. Royalparks.org.uk. 15 December
2003. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
[15] Howard Colvin, A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600–1840, 3rd ed. 1995, under “Decimus Burton.”
[16] Davy, Christopher (18 August 1827). “New Grand Entrance into Hyde Park”. Mechanics’ Magazine and Journal
of Science, Arts, and Manufactures 8 (65–68).
[17] Burton also provided lodges at Cumberland Gate and
Grosvenor Gate. (Colvin 1995: “Decimus Burton”.)
[18] “Hyde Park”. GardenVisit.com. Retrieved 11 December
2011.
5
[19] http://www.lorenzoquinn.com/en/portfolio/
vroom-vroom-en-3
[20] German & Rees 2012, p. 294.
9 References
• Room, Adrian. Brewer’s Names, Cassell, London,
1992. ISBN 0-304-34077-4
[21] Cheetham & Winkler 2011, p. 371.
[22] German & Rees 2012, pp. 115-116.
10 External links
[23] An Act for the regulation of the Royal Parks and Gardens,
1872
• Official website
[24] BBC documentary 7 ages of Rock and Queen fan site
• Map showing Hyde Park and Kensington Gardens
[25] Bill Wyman’s book Rolling with the Stones
[26] “Westminster Council cuts Hyde Park concert numbers”.
BBC News. 17 February 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
[27] Williams, Lisa (15 July 2012). “Springsteen and McCartney cut off because of sound curfew”. The Independent.
Retrieved 10 July 2014.
[28] Swindells, Chris (4 July 2014). Young, Ted, ed. “10
reasons why Arcade Fire at British Summer Time could
be the concert of the summer”. Metro (London: DMG).
ISSN 1469-6215. OCLC 225917520. Archived from the
original on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
[29] “BBC Proms - Proms in the Park”. BBC. 2012. Retrieved
4 September 2012.
[30] “The best of London 2012: Alistair Brownlee on his
triathlon gold medal performance”. Telegraph. 14 August
2012.
[31] “Kylie / Live”. Kylie.com. Retrieved 2014-03-17.
[32] reporter, Neil Smith Entertainment. “Taylor Swift and
friends leave their mark on Hyde Park”. BBC News. Retrieved 2015-06-28.
[33] http://london.triathlon.org/
Sources
• Self, Andrew (2014). The Birds of London. A&C
Black. ISBN 978-1-408-19404-1.
• Humphreys, Rob; Bamber, Judith (2003). London.
Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-843-53093-0.
• Porter, Roy (2000). London: A Social History. Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-140-10593-3.
• German, Lindsey; Rees, John (2012). A People’s
History of London. Verso Books. ISBN 978-1-84467914-0.
• Cheetham, David; Winkler, Ulrich, eds. (2011). Interreligious Hermeneutics in Pluralistic Europe: Between Texts and People Volume 40 of Currents of
encounter, ISSN 0923-6201. Rodopi. ISBN 9789-401-20037-0.
6
11
11
11.1
TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES
Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses
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Hyde Park is one of the largest parks in London, and one I permitted limited access to gentlefolk,[6] appointing a
of the Royal Parks of London, famous for its Speakers’ ranger to take charge. Charles I created the Ring (north
Corner.
of the present Serpentine boathouses), and in 1637 he
[7]
The park was the site of the Great Exhibition of 1851, opened the park to the general public.
for which the Crystal Palace was designed by Joseph Paxton. The park has become a traditional location for mass
demonstrations. The Chartists, the Reform League, the
Suffragettes, and the Stop the War Coalition have all held
protests in the park. Many protesters on the Liberty and
Livelihood March in 2002 started their march from Hyde
Park. On 20 July 1982 in the Hyde Park and Regents
Park bombings, two bombs linked to the Provisional Irish
Republican Army caused the death of eight members of
the Household Cavalry and the Royal Green Jackets and
seven horses.
The park is divided in two by the Serpentine and the Long
Water. The park is contiguous with Kensington Gardens;
although often still assumed to be part of Hyde Park, Hyde Park c. 1833: Rotten Row is “The King’s Private Road”
Kensington Gardens has been technically separate since
1728, when Queen Caroline made a division between the
two. Hyde Park covers 142 hectares (350 acres)[2] and
Kensington Gardens covers 111 hectares (275 acres),[3]
giving an overall area of 253 hectares (625 acres), making
the combined area larger than the Principality of Monaco
(196 hectares or 480 acres), though smaller than the Bois
de Boulogne in Paris (845 hectares, or 2090 acres), New
York City's Central Park (341 hectares or 840 acres), and
Dublin’s Phoenix Park (707 hectares, or 1,750 acres). To
the southeast, outside the park, is Hyde Park Corner. Although, during daylight, the two parks merge seamlessly
into each other, Kensington Gardens closes at dusk but
Hyde Park remains open throughout the year from 5 a.m.
until midnight.
Hyde Park is the largest of four parks which form a chain
from the entrance of Kensington Palace through Kensington Gardens and Hyde Park, via Hyde Park Corner
and Green Park (19 hectares), past the main entrance to
Buckingham Palace and then on through Saint James’s
Park (23 hectares) to Horse Guards Parade in Whitehall.
1
A map showing the Hyde Park ward of Paddington Metropolitan
Borough as it appeared in 1916.
In 1689, when William III moved his residence to
Kensington Palace on the far side of Hyde Park, he had
a drive laid out across its south edge, formerly known as
“The King’s Private Road”, which still exists as a wide
straight gravelled carriage track leading west from Hyde
Park Corner across the south boundary of Hyde Park
towards Kensington Palace. The drive is now known
as Rotten Row, possibly a corruption of rotteran (to
muster),[8] Ratten Row (roundabout way), Route du roi, or
rotten (the soft material with which the road is covered).[9]
Public transport entering London from the west paralleled
the King’s private road along Kensington Gore, just out-
History
Hyde Park was created in 1536 by Henry Vill for
hunting.[4] He acquired the manor of Hyde from the
canons of Westminster Abbey, who had held it since before the Norman Conquest;[5] it was enclosed as a deer
park and remained a private hunting ground until James
1
2
3 FEATURES
side the park. In the late 1800s, the row was used by the
wealthy for horseback rides.[10]
The first coherent landscaping was undertaken by Charles
Bridgeman for Queen Caroline;[11] under the supervision
of Charles Withers, the Surveyor-General of Woods and
Forests, who took some credit for it. It was completed
in 1733 at a cost to the public purse of £20,000. Bridgeman’s piece of water called The Serpentine, formed by
damming the little Westbourne that flowed through the
park, was not truly in the Serpentine “line of beauty”
that William Hogarth described, but merely irregular on
a modest curve. The 2nd Viscount Weymouth was made
Ranger of Hyde Park in 1739 and shortly began digging
the Serpentine lakes at Longleat.[12] The Serpentine is
divided from the Long Water by a bridge designed by
George Rennie (1826).
One of the most important events to take place in the park
was the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was
constructed on the south side of the park. The public in
general did not want the building to remain in the park after the closure of the exhibition, and the design architect,
Joseph Paxton, raised funds and purchased it. He had it
moved to Sydenham Hill in South London.[13]
Another significant event held in Hyde Park was the first
Victoria Cross investiture, on 26 June 1857, when 62
men were decorated by Queen Victoria in the presence
of Prince Albert and other members of the Royal Family,
including their future son-in-law Crown Prince Frederick
of Prussia, later Emperor Frederick III.[14]
2
archways, two foot entrances, a lodge, etc. The
extent of the whole frontage is about 107 ft
(33 m). The central entrance has a bold projection: the entablature is supported by four
columns; and the volutes of the capitals of the
outside column on each side of the gateway are
formed in an angular direction, so as to exhibit
two complete faces to view. The two side gateways, in their elevations, present two insulated
Ionic columns, flanked by antae. All these entrances are finished by a blocking, the sides of
the central one being decorated with a beautiful frieze, representing a naval and military triumphal procession. This frieze was designed
by Mr. Henning, junior, the son of Mr. Henning who was well known for his models of
the Elgin marbles. “The gates were manufactured by Messrs. Bramah. They are of iron,
bronzed, and fixed or hung to the piers by rings
of gun-metal. The design consists of a beautiful arrangement of the Greek honeysuckle ornament; the parts being well defined, and the
raffles of the leaves brought out in a most extraordinary manner.”[16]
3 Features
Grand Entrance
The 7 July Memorial to the victims of the 7 July 2005 London
bombings
Sites of interest in the park include Speakers’ Corner (located in the northeast corner near Marble Arch), close to
the former site of the Tyburn gallows, and Rotten Row,
which is the northern boundary of the site of the Crystal Palace. South of the Serpentine is the Diana, Princess
of Wales memorial, an oval stone ring fountain opened
The Grand Entrance to Hyde Park
on 6 July 2004. To the east of the Serpentine, just beThe Grand Entrance to the park, also known as Apsley yond the dam, is London’s Holocaust Memorial. The 7
Gate, at Hyde Park Corner next to Apsley House, was July Memorial in the park commemorates the victims of
erected from the designs of Decimus Burton in 1824– 7 July 2005 London bombings.
25.[15] An early description reports:
A botanical curiosity is the Weeping Beech, Fagus sylvatica pendula, cherished as “the upside-down tree”. Oppo“It consists of a screen of handsome fluted
site Hyde Park Corner stands one of the grandest hotels
Ionic columns, with three carriage entrance
in London, The Lanesborough (Formerly—until the early
3
1970s—St George’s Hospital). Stanhope Lodge (Decimus Burton, 1824–25) at Stanhope Gate,[17] demolished
to widen Park Lane, was the home of Samuel Parkes
who won the Victoria Cross in the Charge of the Light
Brigade. After leaving the army, Parkes became inspector of the park’s constables, and died in the lodge on 14
November 1864. A rose garden, designed by Colvin &
Moggridge Landscape Architects, was added in 1994.[18]
5 Events
An assortment of unusual sculptures are scattered around
the park, including Drinking Horse, made in the shape of
a massive horse head lapping up water, a family of Jelly
Babies standing on top of a large black cube, and Vroom
Vroom,[19] which resembles a giant human hand pushing
a toy car along the ground.
Live 8 concert on 2 July 2005
4
Debates
Hyde Park has been the venue for some famous rock concerts, including the major location for the Live 8 string of
benefit concerts where Pink Floyd reunited their classic
line up for the first time in over 30 years. Queen played
here in one of their most popular shows, in 1976. It is estimated that 150–200 thousand people turned up for the
event.[24] However, the record concert attendance is probably for the 1969 concert by the Rolling Stones. According to much of the press, the crowd then was estimated
between 250,000 and 500,000.[25] Blur played here as
part of their reunion. They have released two live albums
recorded at the park called All the People: Blur Live at
Hyde Park (2009) and Parklive (2012).
Local residents have become critical of Hyde Park as a
concert venue, due to the sound levels, and have camA Protestant Christian protesting at Speakers’ Corner in 2010
paigned for a maximum sound level of 73 decibels.[26] In
June 2012, Bruce Springsteen and Paul McCartney found
their microphones switched off after Springsteen had
Hyde Park’s Speakers’ Corner has acquired an interna- played a three-hour set during the Park’s Hard Rock Calltional reputation for demonstrations and other protests[20] ing festival, and overshot the 10:30pm curfew time.[27]
due to its tolerance of free speech.[21] In 1855, a protest
at the park was organised to demonstrate against Robert In 2013, Hyde Park hosted “Barclaycard presents British
Grosvenor's attempt to ban Sunday trading, including a Summer Time Hyde Park”, the first of a five-year concert
restriction on pub opening times. Karl Marx observed ap- series developed with new promoters AEG Live who won
proximately 200,000 protesters attended the demonstra- the tender at the end of 2012. The following year, Canation, which involved jeering and taunting at upper-class dian band Arcade Fire's set in Hyde Park was described
[28]
horse carriages. A further protest occurred a week later, as “the concert of the summer”.
but this time the police attacked the crowd.[22]
Since 2007, Hyde Park has hosted “Winter Wonderland”,
In 1867 the policing of the park was entrusted to the featuring fun fair rides from around Europe, markets, an
Metropolitan Police, the only royal park so managed, ice rink, and numerous bars, restaurants, and cafes.
due to the potential for trouble at Speakers’ Corner. A Since 1996, the park has been the London venue for the
Metropolitan Police station ('AH') is situated in the mid- Proms in the Park concerts, held on the last night of the
dle of the park. The 1872 Parks Regulation Act created BBC Proms.[29]
positions of “park keeper” and also provided that “Every police constable belonging to the police force of the On 18 September 2010, Hyde Park was the setting for
district in which any park, garden, or possession to which a prayer vigil with Pope Benedict XVI as part of Pope
this Act applies is situate shall have the powers, privileges, Benedict XVI’s visit to the United Kingdom, attended by
and immunities of a park-keeper within such park, gar- around 80,000 people.
Pink performed at the park on 2 July 2010 during The
den, or possession.”[23]
4
8 NOTES
Funhouse Summer Carnival. On 17 July 2012, Madonna
performed in Hyde Park for her only London date during
The MDNA Tour in front of nearly 55,000 people. The
Rolling Stones performed two concerts at the park on 6
and 13 July 2013, as part of their 50 & Counting Tour.
[2] “Hyde Park”. Royalparks.org.uk. Retrieved 11 December
2011.
For the 2012 Summer Olympics, the park hosted the
triathlon, which brothers Alistair Brownlee and Jonathan
Brownlee took the Gold and Bronze medals[30] for Team
GB, and the 10 km open water swimming events.
[4] Self 2014, p. 28.
Kylie Minogue performed in 21 June 2015 as part of her
Kylie Summer 2015 Tour.[31]
Taylor Swift performed at the venue in front of 65,000
people on 27 June 2015 as part of her The 1989 World
Tour.[32]
The park has also hosted the ITU World Triathlon Grand
Final.[33]
6
Transport
[3] “Kensington Gardens”. Royalparks.org.uk. Retrieved 11
December 2011.
[5] It was the northeast part of the manor of Eia, or Ebury.
('The Acquisition of the Estate', Survey of London 39:
The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 1 (General History)
(1977), pp. 1–5. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/
report.asp?compid=41820. Date accessed: 5 June 2007);
about the time of Domesday the manor of Eia was divided
into three smaller manors, Ebury (Eia), Neyte and Hyde.
“The latter still lives and flourishes as a royal park, under
its ancient name, no doubt of Saxon origin”, Edward Walford, Old and New London: Volume 4; the Oxford Book of
British Place Names says the various “Hyde” placenames,
including Hyde Park, comes from the Anglo-Saxon unit
of land taxation, the hide.
[6] Humphreys & Bamber 2003, p. 284.
[7] Porter 2000, p. 279.
There are five London Underground stations located on
or near the edges of Hyde Park and Kensington Gardens
(which is contiguous with Hyde Park). In clockwise order
starting from the south-east, they are:
• Hyde Park Corner (Piccadilly line)
• Knightsbridge (Piccadilly line)
• Queensway (Central line)
• Lancaster Gate (Central line)
• Marble Arch (Central line)
[8] Edward Walford. 'Hyde Park', Old and New London: Volume 4 (1878), pp. 375–405. Retrieved 29 January 2009.
[9] E Cobham Brewer. 'Dictionary of Phrase and Fable.
Henry Altemus, 1898; Bartleby.com, 2000. Retrieved 29
January 2009.
[10] Dunton, Larkin (1894). The World and Its People. Silver,
Burdett. p. 30.
[11] Bridgeman was Royal Gardener 1728–38; he also designed the Round Pond in Kensington Gardens. Peter
Willis, Charles Bridgeman and the English Landscape
Garden (London and New York) 1978, devotes a chapter to Bridgeman’s Royal Commissions.
Bayswater tube station, on the Circle and District lines, is [12] Timothy Mowl, “Rococo and Later Landscaping at Lonalso close to Queensway station and the north-west corgleat”, Garden History 23.1 (Summer 1995, pp. 56–66)
p. 59, noting Jacob Larwood, The Story of London Parks
ner of the park. High Street Kensington tube station, on
1881:41.
the Circle and District is very close to Kensington Palace
located on the Southwest corner of Kensington Gardens.
[13] Purbrick, Louise: The Great Exhibition of 1851: New
Paddington station, served by Bakerloo, Circle and DisInterdisciplinary Essays: 2001: Manchester University
trict, and Hammersmith & City lines, is close to LanPress, p. 122
caster Gate station and a short walk away from Hyde Park.
[14] Crook, M. J.: The Evolution of the Victoria Cross: 1975:
Midas Books, pp. 49–52.
7
See also
• List of public art in Hyde Park, London
8
Notes
Citations
[1] “Hyde Park History”. Royalparks.org.uk. 15 December
2003. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
[15] Howard Colvin, A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600–1840, 3rd ed. 1995, under “Decimus Burton.”
[16] Davy, Christopher (18 August 1827). “New Grand Entrance into Hyde Park”. Mechanics’ Magazine and Journal
of Science, Arts, and Manufactures 8 (65–68).
[17] Burton also provided lodges at Cumberland Gate and
Grosvenor Gate. (Colvin 1995: “Decimus Burton”.)
[18] “Hyde Park”. GardenVisit.com. Retrieved 11 December
2011.
5
[19] http://www.lorenzoquinn.com/en/portfolio/
vroom-vroom-en-3
[20] German & Rees 2012, p. 294.
9 References
• Room, Adrian. Brewer’s Names, Cassell, London,
1992. ISBN 0-304-34077-4
[21] Cheetham & Winkler 2011, p. 371.
[22] German & Rees 2012, pp. 115-116.
10 External links
[23] An Act for the regulation of the Royal Parks and Gardens,
1872
• Official website
[24] BBC documentary 7 ages of Rock and Queen fan site
• Map showing Hyde Park and Kensington Gardens
[25] Bill Wyman’s book Rolling with the Stones
[26] “Westminster Council cuts Hyde Park concert numbers”.
BBC News. 17 February 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
[27] Williams, Lisa (15 July 2012). “Springsteen and McCartney cut off because of sound curfew”. The Independent.
Retrieved 10 July 2014.
[28] Swindells, Chris (4 July 2014). Young, Ted, ed. “10
reasons why Arcade Fire at British Summer Time could
be the concert of the summer”. Metro (London: DMG).
ISSN 1469-6215. OCLC 225917520. Archived from the
original on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
[29] “BBC Proms - Proms in the Park”. BBC. 2012. Retrieved
4 September 2012.
[30] “The best of London 2012: Alistair Brownlee on his
triathlon gold medal performance”. Telegraph. 14 August
2012.
[31] “Kylie / Live”. Kylie.com. Retrieved 2014-03-17.
[32] reporter, Neil Smith Entertainment. “Taylor Swift and
friends leave their mark on Hyde Park”. BBC News. Retrieved 2015-06-28.
[33] http://london.triathlon.org/
Sources
• Self, Andrew (2014). The Birds of London. A&C
Black. ISBN 978-1-408-19404-1.
• Humphreys, Rob; Bamber, Judith (2003). London.
Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-843-53093-0.
• Porter, Roy (2000). London: A Social History. Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-140-10593-3.
• German, Lindsey; Rees, John (2012). A People’s
History of London. Verso Books. ISBN 978-1-84467914-0.
• Cheetham, David; Winkler, Ulrich, eds. (2011). Interreligious Hermeneutics in Pluralistic Europe: Between Texts and People Volume 40 of Currents of
encounter, ISSN 0923-6201. Rodopi. ISBN 9789-401-20037-0.
6
11
11
11.1
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Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses
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JohnOwens, Modster, Gabbe, Zannah, Jdforrester, Scott, EdH, Lee M, Timwi, Lfh, JulianElve, Morwen, Ed g2s, JonathanDP81, Wetman,
Michael Glass, Paul W, Robbot, Pigsonthewing, PBS, Altenmann, Greudin, Puckly, Catbar, Delpino, Wereon, David Gerard, DocWatson42, Solipsist, VampWillow, Bobblewik, Tagishsimon, Mgream, Antandrus, OwenBlacker, Kuralyov, Jareha, ErikNY, MRSC, Cwoyte,
Lacrimosus, Mike Rosoft, CGP, Ham II, Bornintheguz, Rich Farmbrough, Vague Rant, Legalizeit, Bender235, Cacophony, Jpgordon,
Adambro, Maxdillon, FlorianB, Stephen Bain, Martin S Taylor, Zellin, Jumbuck, Duffman~enwiki, Richard Harvey, Wikidea, Axl, Kotasik, SidP, Staeiou, Jheald, Deror avi, Crosbiesmith, Pcpcpc, Thryduulf, Bacteria, Woohookitty, PoccilScript, Madchester, Richardrut,
KickAir8P~, KrisW6, DavidCane, BD2412, Shortenfs, Rjwilmsi, Tim!, Vegaswikian, FlaBot, Nuge, Joonasl, WikiWikiPhil, Gareth E
Kegg, Coolhawks88, Chobot, YurikBot, Ugha, Hairy Dude, Jimp, Diliff, Peterkingiron, Stephenb, Gaius Cornelius, Johndarrington, Ideru,
Wangi, DeadEyeArrow, Caspian, Jezzabr, Open2universe, Whobot, Tarquin Binary, Djr xi, True Pagan Warrior, SmackBot, Eskimbot,
Smeggysmeg, Bluebot, TimBentley, JaT~enwiki, EncMstr, Droll, Ajaxkroon, KevM, Whpq, Monacat, Ritchie333, Valenciano, Wizardman, Parrot of Doom, Ck lostsword, JLogan, Gloriamarie, John, J 1982, Nzgabriel, MilborneOne, Javit, Highpriority, Mr. Lefty, IronGargoyle, Dl2000, Nuttah, Yanks724, Cph3992, Dave420, Enginear, Paulmlieberman, WeggeBot, Jackyd101, Oxyman42, Trident13,
Starionwolf, Voldemortuet, Victoriaedwards, Gwendibbley, Thijs!bot, Knowledgeoflondon, Edwardx, Mereda, SGGH, Astynax, JustAGal,
Miller17CU94, Seaphoto, Kcmamu, Dr. Blofeld, Kbthompson, Celtictiger, NSH001, Opertinicy, Mutt Lunker, Bjenks, Myanw, DuncanHill, MER-C, NSR77, LittleOldMe, .anacondabot, Kim Dent-Brown, Vodkaboris, The Anomebot2, Pygmalion-DE, Chris G, Nevit,
MartinBot, Acalamari, Shawn in Montreal, DadaNeem, MKoltnow, Raptornet, Cosier, Jevansen, Mike V, Inwind, Saikokira, Idioma-bot,
Thedjatclubrock, AlnoktaBOT, Philip Trueman, TXiKiBoT, Technopat, Lerdthenerd, Pafcool2, AlleborgoBot, SieBot, Nanonic, YonaBot, Darrenm540, Ghost Yacht, M.thoriyan, Phil Bridger, Lightmouse, COBot, Johnanth, Shadygrove2007, Jongleur100, SiefkinDR,
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Another Believer, Nibi, Giacomo Augusto, Mhockey, JTSomers, Heironymous Rowe, XLinkBot, Magdalenka1982, Cmr08, NonNobisSolum, Addbot, Blethering Scot, Zarcadia, MrOllie, SeymourSycamore, Tassedethe, Numbo3-bot, Yobot, Fraggle81, Jim1138, JackieBot,
Kingpin13, Materialscientist, Kalamkaar, ArthurBot, Stars4change, Jeffwang, The Evil IP address, Karl1587,
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