INTRODUCTION OF IBS IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
As s o c Pr o f Dr Taksiah A.Maj i d School of Civil Engineering Engineering Universiti Sa Sains ins Malaysia Malaysia Politeknik Ungku Omar, 25 Nov 2010 1
CONTENT OF PRESENTATION
TOPIC 1 : IMPLEMENTATION OF IBS IN MALAYSIA MAL AYSIA & CHALL CHALLENG ENGE E IN THE IBS INDUSTRY TOPIC 2 : INTRODUCT INTRODUCTION ION TO MODULAR MODULA R COORDINATION TOPIC 3 : BUILDIBILITY OF DESIGN
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TOPIC 1 :
IMPLEMENTATION OF IBS IN MALAYSIA & CHAL LENGE IN THE IBS INDU CHALLENGE INDUSTRY STRY
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Presentation Pre sentation Outl ine For T Topic opic 1
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1. IBS in Malaysia
•
2. Government Pol Policies icies on IB IBS S
•
3. Current Status & Challenges
•4.
The IBS Centre
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IBS IN MAL M ALAYSIA AYSIA MALAYSI YSIA A MALA
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WHAT IS IBS?
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Definition of Industrialized Building Definition Systems (IBS (IBS))
“A construction technique in which components are manufactured in a controlled environment (on or off site), transported, positioned and assembled into a structure with minimal additional site works” Comparison: Offsite Off site const constructi ruction on – UK Modern Method Method of Construction - MMC 7
TYPE 1: PRECAST CONCRETE FRAME, PANEL & BOX SYSTEMS
PC columns, beams, slabs, 3D-components (balconies, staircases, toilets, lift chambers, box girders, etc)
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4
TYPE 2: STEEL FORMWORK SYSTEMS
Tunnel forms, beams and column colu mn moulding moulding forms, forms, permanent steel formworks (metal decks), etc.
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TYPE 3 : STEEL FRAME SYSTEMS
Steel beams and columns, portal frames,roof trusses, etc
10
5
TYPE 4: PREFABRICATED TIMBER FRAME SYSTEMS
Timber frames, pre-fab timber roof trusses, etc.
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TYPE 5 : BLOCKWORK SYSTEMS
Interlocking concrete masonry unit (CMU), lightweight concrete blocks, etc.
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TYPE 6 : INNOVATIVE PRODUCT SYSTEMS SYSTEMS
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES IN IBS GOVERNMENT IB S IBS
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IBS Roadmap 2003-20 2003-2010 10 & 3 Main Obj ecti ectives ves
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Reduction Re duction in the usage of Foreign Labour.
•
Quality, produc tivity, safety and Quality, competitiveness in the construction sector.
•
To induce new socio-economic activities through t he crea creation tion of IBS components based industry b ased on Open System. System.
Ap pr ov ed b Appr y the t he Fed Federal eral Cabi net Minis Min is ter s by ister on 29 Octob er 2003 2003 15
Treasury Tre asury Circular on IIBS BS - 31 Oktober 20 2008 08
•
To all Federal Ministr ies, Head Head of Departments, Departments, State Governments, Governments, Regulatory bodi es, and Local Aut ho ri ti es.
• Ado pt io n
o f Open Syst em met ho do lo gy thr oug h the use of Modular Coordination , M MS S1 1064 064..
•
Requirement of 70% 70% IBS IBS content in Government projects.
•
National IBS Sectretariat Sectretariat as the C Coordi oordi nator through the Ministry of Works.
•
Implementation Coordination Unit of Prime Minister’s Department Department as the monito ring unit.
•
IBS Centre as the One Stop Centre.
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Monitoring Structure on Governme Government nt IBS Projects Implementation Implementation FEDERAL MINISTERS CABINET COMMITTEE ON INVESTMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE IBS MAIN COMMITTEE Chairman : Chief Secretary Members: Membe rs: Centralised Agencies & Ministries Secretariat : Implementation Coord. Unit Scope : Coordination on IBS Policies
NATIONAL IBS SECRETARIAT Chairman : Ministry of Works Chairman Members Membe rs : Ce Centralised ntralised Agencies & Ministries Secretariat: Secre tariat: Ministry of Works Scope : IBS Projects Implementation
IBS COMPONENTS MGMT COMMITTEE Chairman : CIDB Malaysia Members: Representatives of Construction Industry Secretariat: CIDB Malaysia Scope : Coordination at industry level
IBS ENFORCEMENT MONITORING COMMITTEE Chairman: Chairma n: Implementation Implementation Coord. Unit Members : Public Works Dept., ICU & Treasury Sekretariat Sekre tariat : Treasury Skop : Monitoring the E Enforcement nforcement of Government Governme nt Circular on IBS
IBS TECHNICAL COMMITTEE Chairman : Public Works Dept Chairman Members: Membe rs: Implementation Implementation Agencies & Development Deve lopment Division of Ministries. Secretariat: Public Works Dept Scope : Coordination on Technical &
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Projects
Key Milestones from 1999 to 2010 IBS Roadmap 2003-2010 Construction Industry Master Plan 2006-2015
approved by the Cabinet IBS
Malaysia IBS International
Strategic Plan 1999
Exhibition ‘06
1999 2001
IBS Roadmap
Malaysia IBS
Review 2008-2010
International Exhibition ‘09
003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
MS 1064: Modular Coordination as Guideline for Building Design Joint effort by CIDB, SIRIM and professional bodies
Manual for IBS Content Scoring Published
2015
IBS Roadmap 2011-2015
Circular issued on IBS by Treasury on 25 July 2005
Follow-up Treasury Circular on IBS issued on 31 Oct 2008
“Encourage”
“Mandate” 18
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CURRENT CURRE NT STATUS AND CHANL CHANLLENGES LENGES
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Best Practices
Lessons dra drawn from Sin Singa gapo pore re : how to su suc c c essfully promote IBS by linking link ing to BUILDA DABIL BILITY Singapore Purpose
The purpose of buildability is to ensure that the impact of the design and detai details ls on construction are recognized at the conceptual planning stage. This will minimize any problems that will be experienced at later stages of construction, thus reaping the maximum benefits from buildability in terms of time, cost and quality
Integration of design build
The design-build approach offers an opportunity to integrate the interests of design and construction together. Contractors are involved with design development and maintain close co-operation with the design team
Responsibility of architects
A responsibility system for architects is proposed. Architects can concurrently work as an engineer to supervise the construction process, and they can be in charge for the final acceptance of construction projects. The proposal ensures that the design is implemented correctly and the problems on site are revealed to the architects
Coverage
New projects (including additions and alterations to existing buildings) with a gross floor area (GFA) equal to or greater than 2,000m2 falls within the legislative requirements. The minimum score requirement is approximately about 60
Approval to build
Minimum buildability scores must be complied with by all property developments developments before building plans approvals are given by the relevant building authorities. Legislation was passed in 2001 to make make buildability compulsory
Clear path
The average buildability scores for various categories of new building works have increased increased over the years and constantly constantly communicated communicated to the industry. Staged increment incremental al of the score is clearly communicated. This help the manufacturing base to expand accordingly. 20
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IBS IB S C ompo mpone nent nt ma manuf nufa ac turing uring Precast Concrete Plants #
Name
Head o f f ic e
Number of
P r eca s t C olumn
1 MTD ACPI Engineering Berhad 2 Hume Concrete Marketing Sdn Bhd 3 HL- Manufacturi ng Industries Sdn Bhd
1 E P Y T
Sel angor
Johor
4 Eastern Pretech (M) Sdn Bhd 5 P Prrecast Product Sdn Bhd 6 Setia Precast Sdn Bhd 7 SCID Co Concrete Ma Manufacturi ng Sd Sdn Bh Bhd 8 Sunway Precast Industries Sdn Bhd 9 CMS Concre te Products Sdn Bhd 10 OKA Concrete Industries Sdn Bhd 1 1 E .V .V . O il fi el d Su pp ly A nd Se rv ic es Sd n B hd 12 Binaan Desjaya Sdn Bhd 13 Bakti an Sdn Bhd 14 CSR Building Materials (M) Sdn Bhd 15 P Slabs (M) Sdn Bhd 16 IBS Prestress Technology Sdn Bhd 17 Ezide k (M) Sdn Bhd 18 PJDCP Malta Sdn Bhd
19 H HC C Precast System Sdn Bhd 20 Sunway Cavity Wall Panel Sdn Bhd 21 Jitra Engineering Sdn Bhd
Selangor KL
NS Selangor
Sarawak Selangor
Sar awak Perak
M el ak a Pahang
KL Selangor
KL Terengganu
Melaka KL
Sel angor
Selangor
KL
6 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
P r eca s t B ea m P r eca s t S lab
Pc Wall/ P a n el
P r eca s t S t a ir ca s e
S 'g or
J oh or
P er ak
N.S .
1
1
1
1 1 1
M al ac ca
P ah an g T 'g an u K ed ah
1
S abah
S araw araw ak
1 1
1
1 1 1 1
1 1
1
1 1
1 1 1
1
1 2 1
P. Pinang
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
31
FACTORY LOCATION
PRODUCTS
Factories
1
8
TOTAL
4
2
4
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
The 21 manufacturers owned a total of 31 plants between them. The players with the most number of plants are MTD ACPI (6), Hume Concrete Concre te (5) and Su Sunway nway C Cavity avity (2). The rem remaining aining 18 are single plant operators. The location of the plants is very important in determining the market accessibility seems well spread out with concentration in the state of Selangor Selang or 8), Johor 5) and Negeri Sembila Sembilan n 4). There are currently no plants in Kelantan and Perlis.
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IBS IB S C ompo omponent manuf manufa ac turing uring Innovative, Panel and Block System Plants FACTORY LOCATION #
Name
Head offic e
No. of Factories
S'g o r
1 C ycle wo rld C orpo rat io n Sd n Bhd 2 B o ral P laste rbo ard (Malaysia) Sdn B hd 3 Saint-Go bain C o nst ructio n P ro duc ts (M) Sdn Bhd
Se lang o r Se lang o r Se lang o r
1 1 1
1 1 1
4
Se lang o r Se lang o r KL
1 1 1
1 1
KL Se lang o r Se lang o r P e rak Te re ng g anu Te re ng g anu Te re ng g anu KL Sabah
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
HLE P re cast Sdn Bhd HL
V G Re g io nal Office Se a A56 EEV 1 MST Marketing Sdn Bhd 7 Uniplast e r Industrie s Sdn Bhd E 8 UAC Berhad H ume C e mbo ard Ind ustrie s Sdn Bhd P 9 Hu Y10 P ercep tive Prof ile Sd n Bhd T11 ISO Marketing And Services Sdn Bhd 12 13 14 15
IB S Int e rlo cking Brick Sdn Bhd ID Inte rlo cking Brick s Sdn B hd Duralite (M) Sdn Bhd East Asia Mo dular Sd n Bhd
KL
P e rak
T'g anu
K e lantan
Sabah
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
15
5
1
4
3
1
1
Innovative, panel and box systems are used in construction as ready made bathrooms, wall panels, dry walls and as well as st staircases aircases which are normally labour intensive items.
All of the 15 manufacturers are single plant operators located mainly in Selangor, Perak, Terengganu Kelantan and one in Sabah. 22
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IBS IB S C ompo omponent manuf manufac turing uring Steel Formwork Systems Plants #
Head
Number of
office
Factories
KL KL Selang o r Selang o r Selang o r Selang o r Selang o r Selang o r se la la ng or or Selang o r Selang o r J oh oh o orr KL Selang o r Jo hor Selang o r
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Nam e
Column
2 E P Y T
1 P PE ERI Formwork (M) Sd n Bhd 2 W estf o rm Ind ust ries Sdn Bhd 3 MFE Formwork Te chnolog y Sd n Bhd 4 H HIIFORM(M) Sdn Bhd 5 Tr Transko n Sdn Bhd 6 Plast e ch Ind ust rial Systems Sd n Bhd 7 EF EFCO (M) Sdn Bhd 8 Asiaric C o ntrac ts Sdn Bhd 9 F ast s sa av ve e F or or mw or or k Tr Tr ad in in g & E En n gi ne er er iin n g Sd Sd n Bh Bh d 10 F Fu uji Eng ine ering Sdn Bhd 11 L LT TH Enginee ring Sd n Bhd 1 2 F lo o od d lili t E nt e err pr pr iis se ( M) M) S dn dn B hd hd 13 BHS P last icply (M) Sd n Bhd 14 Simple Fo rmwo rk C onst ruct io n Sd n Bhd 15 Mya Hit e ch Sd n Bhd 16 TAC Syste m Formwo rk Sdn Bhd
Be am
Slab
Wall
S'go r
St aircase
Jo hor
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1
1
16
FACTORY LOCATION
PRODUCTS
14
TOTAL
2
There are currently 16 manufacturers registered under Type 2 Steel Formwork Systems. Every single one of them is a single plant manufacturer. manufacturer. They are only located in two states, Selangor 14) and Johor 2).
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IBS IB S C ompo omponent manuf manufac turing uring Steel Framing System Plants #
N ame
H ead of f ic e
Number of
R o o f Tr us
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 13 E 14 15 P 16 Y 17 T 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
Bluescope L Ly ysaght ((M Malaysia) S Sd dn B Bh hd M- Truss S Sdn dn Bhd Kamuja Fabricator Sdn Bhd KUTERA Resources (M) Sdn Bhd Great Allied Engi neeri ng Sdn Bhd SRT Building System Sdn Bhd Ju J uta Steel Sdn Bhd UAC Stell System Sdn Bhd P Prryda (M) Sdn Bhd Sunsrise Prima Sdn Bhd Da D ayatera Engi neeri ng Sdn Bhd Superspan Stell Sdn Bhd La Lavenda Building Systems Tangsa Corporation Sdn Bhd Lotez Engineeri ng Sdn Bhd Sarnho Preserver Sdn Bhd Sdn BhdF Buil ders Sdn Bhd Teguh Aluminium & Construction Sdn Bh A As sia Roofing Industries Sdn Bhd Visage Industries Sdn Bhd To Tong Yong Metal Sdn Bhd Brickwell Sdn Bhd Ho Home Truss System Sdn Bhd Bluecsope Lysaght (Sarawak) Sdn Bhd B llu uecsope Lysaght (Sabah) Sdn Bhd Manik Prestasi Sdn Bhd Rol fom Innovation Sdn Bhd Zamil Steel Building Wi Wira Kerjaya Sdn Bhd
Fr ame
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Selangor Selangor Selangor Selangor Selangor KL KL KL KL Johor Johor P.Pinang P.Pinang Kelantan Perak Sarawak Sabah Selangor
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
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Portal
Selangor Selangor Selangor Selangor Johor Perak Selangor Selangor
KL Selangor
FACTORY LOCATION
PRODUCTS
Factories
S'gor
Johor
Perak
Pulau Pinang
N. Sembilan
K el an tan
Sab ah
Sa raw ak
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
KL
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1
TOTAL
VIETNAM CHINA
12
4
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
There are currently 29 registered manufacturers with a total of 27 plants in Malaysia; the remaining two manufacturers have their plants located overseas. operators. All are single plant operators. 24 Zamil Steel Building o operates perates 2 plants in V Vietnam ietnam
12
IBS IB S C ompo omponent manuf manufac turing uring Prefabricated Timber Framing System Plants #
Name
Head o f f i c e
Number of
R o o f Trus
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
4 E P Y T
S unrise Prima Sdn Bhd Dayatera Dayatera Enginee Engineering ring Sdn Bh Bhd d Mitek Asia Sdn Bhd Hong Hong Giap Giap Sd Sdn n Bhd Setia Wood Industries Sdn Bhd Woodlando landorr Roof Systems Systems Sdn Bhd Bhd Kamuja Fabricator Sdn Bhd SBF Buil Builders ders Sdn B Bhd hd Ta T angsa Corperation Sdn Bhd Simpang Woodworking Sdn Bhd Pryda (M) Sdn Bhd Shing Hua Huatt Rooftruss Sdn Bhd Sarnho Preser ver Sdn Bhd Pesama Timber Corporation Sdn Bhd K PMY Roof Builders Sdn Bhd Boh Huat Ch Chan an Timber Product Sdn Bhd
Selangor
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Selangor
Selangor Selangor
Selangor Selangor
Selangor KL
KL Selangor
Selangor KL
KL Terengganu
Terengganu
FACTORY LOCATION
PRODUCTS
Factories
Melaka
Timber
16
S'gor
Fr a m e
KL
T'ganu
Malacca
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
9
TOTAL
4
2
1
All the 16 registered manufacturers are single plant operators. Plants Plant s are concent concentrated rated in Kla Klang ng Valley (1 (13), 3), Teren Terengannu gannu (2) and Malacca Malacca (1). There are no plants in East Malaysia.
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IBS IB S C ompo omponent manuf manufac turing uring Blockw Blo ckwork ork Pla Plants nts #
5 E P Y T
Name
Head office
Number of Factories
CM U HO L L O W
CM U INT E R L O CKING
1
Inte rgrate d Brickwo rk Sdn Bhd
KL
1
Zenbes Sdn B hd
KL
1
3
Mult i Usage Ho ldings B erhad
P .Pinang
1
4
B rikfo rm Sdn B hd Ex x o mas (PG) Sdn Bhd
6
B inaan Desj aya Sdn Bhd
7
C SR Building Mate rials (M) Sdn Bhd
8
Suprafo am C Co o nstruc tio n T Te e chno gie s Sd n B hd
9
C K YJ (M) Sdn B hd
10
T he Pro j ect Manag em ement Sho p (M) Sdn B hd
Sabah
1
P .P inang
1
Pahang
1
Se lango r
1
Sabah
1
KL
1
Se lango r
1
10
CM U S O L ID
CM U L IG HT W E IG HT
2
5
FACTORY LOCATION
PRODUCTS
S'go r
KL
Pulau Pinang
Sabah
P erak
P ahang
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1
TO TAL
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
There are 10 key players with 10 plants in total. The leading player with the most type of products is Integrated Brickwork The general view is that the manufacturers are not operating at optimal level.. level
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13
IBS Component manufacturing On-Site IBS Manufacturers #
6 E P Y T
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Name
Head
No.of
office
Factories
Ib uzaw a C o rpo ratio n Sdn Bhd KL KL G llo o ba ball P Prr efa efa b S y ys s te te m S d dn n Bh Bh d Bumi Harus Sdn Bhd KL Pem mbi bi na a an n Er Er a D iin n am am iik k Sd dn n B hd Selangor Cre ative P re cast Te c hnic s Sdn Bhd Se lang o r P& &N N C on on st ru ru c ctt io io n Sd Sd n Bh Bh d Selangor Niag a Sari Sdn B hd KL Selangor Le ft ft - Ri Ri g gh h t Co Co n stru tru cti ctio on S Sdn dn Bh Bh d P e mb inaan P unc a Ce rg as Sdn Bhd KL Pembina Pembinaan an Ikha khasa sass-Mera Merak Sdn. Sdn. Bhd Bhd Selangor Co rpo rate Build e rs Sdn B hd KL
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
PRODUCTS
Pc Columm
Pc Be am
Pc Slab
Pc Wall/ P ane l
P c Staircase
1 1 1 1
11
TOTAL
On-Site IBS manufacturers are capable of producing columns, beams, slabs, wall panels and staircases. Almost all of the 11 players are producing precast staircases. Ibuzawa (who previously owns Precast Products), Global Prefab and Bumi Harus have the widest widest range of produc products. ts.
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C halle hallenges nges and and Less Lessons ons Lea ear rn Along Along the the C ons onsttruc ucttion Indust Industry Va Value lue Chain C hain
3 252 architects 59.304 engineers 2 081 quantity surveyors
Designers
3 977 contractors
Contractors / Builders/ Owners
118 manufacturers
IBS Manufacturing Base
Challenges
Not a popular choice among designers because IBS perceived as limiting creativity in design
Current exemption from levy cannot cover additional cost for
Lack of volume and economies of scale due to non-standardisation of
developers
designs
Lack of IBS design knowledge among designers
Insufficient push factor from the end buyer for IBS properties (except for GoM sector). Unlike Green Buildings where buyers knows the benefits and enjoy tax break for such buildings
Proprietary systems make it hard to be adopted by designer
Lack of quality control in smaller IBS manufacturers manufacturers Lack of local R& D, support services, technologies and testing labs Lack of i nnovative products that can enhance aesthetic values of buildings
IBS Value Chain
Construction Site Lack of on-site specialised skills for assembly and erection of components components
Lack of people with IBS project management skill which requires more logistics planning & coordination with IBS suppliers (i.e on-time delivery) Additional cost in hiring special equipment and machinery in implementing IBS (i.e heavy duty duty lifting crane)
The challenges faced have remain unchanged despite being repeatedly voiced by the industr y stakeholders during surveys, forums and workshops through-out the years…indicates problems need to be resolved at the root cause level
Standardisation Issue
Skills Issue
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IBS STANDARDISATION
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Komponen Struktur
1.Komponen Struktur
3.Komponen M&E
Bangunan Asas Bangunan / ‘‘Base Base Building’
2.Komponen Kemasan
Komponen Kemasan
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Pelaks Pel aksana anaan an Kat Katalo alog g IBS Keb Kebang angsaa saan n
• •
Penyeragaman Pelaksanaan Mencetuskan Industri IBS
‘Project Owner’ Pelaksanaan Projek
KATALOG IBS KEBANGSAAN
Contractor
Consultant •
•
•
•
Garispandu an Rekabentuk Rujukan Piawaian IBS • Ruj ukan MS 1064
Keperluan Kontrak Bangunan Mencapai IBS Score 70%
Manufacturer •
Garispanduan Pengilangan
•
Komponen IBS Rujukan MS 1064
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THE IBS CENTRE
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PUSAT IBS TINGKAT 1, BLOK E, LOT 8, JAL AN CHAN SOW LIN, 55200 55200 KUAL A LUMPUR TEL: 03-9281 6909 FAX: 03-9281 5870
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Fasi Fa sili liti ti Pu Pusa satt IB IBS S s r a e h C n l a a J
IBS Component Galleries
Product Testing Facilities
Conventional Hall
Entrance 2
k e L o
w Y e
n l a IBS Village J a
Entrance 1 Existing IBS Gallery Gallery & Administration
J al an C h an S o o w w L i n
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5 Main Functions IBS Centre
5 Cores 35
IBS Village
36
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GALERI IBS
Galeri IBS menawarkan informasi mengenai polisi dan insentif kerajaan, kategori IBS, produk IBS, R&D yang dijalankan dan lain-lain.
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Product & Service IBS : Verification Verification & Cer Certification tification
•
IBS Status Consultants
•
IBS Status Contractor
•
IBS Status Manufacturer
•
IBS Status Installers
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Penyediaan Bahan, Dokumen, Sumber oleh Pusat I 29 Penerbita Penerbitan • • • • • • • •
• • •
Standard Malaysia (MS)
C onstruction Industry Stand ard s (C IS) National Occupational Skill Stand ard s (NO SS) Siri Komponen IBS Piawai Siri Katalog Bahan IBS Manual Pengiraan Kandungan IBS Manual Penilaian IBS Perisian Semakan Kandungan Kordinasi Modular ( M C
C hec ker Sof Software) tware) Desigg n G uide Desi uide Transportation, ransportation, St Stac ac king and Inst Install allation ation G uide Buku-buku dan dokumen rujukan lain
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Conclusion Quality controlled end products through controlled prefabrication process and simplified installations
Faster completion of construction due to usage of standardised standardised prefabricated components and simplified installation process
Fewer site workers due to simplified construction methods
Source : Construction Industry Master Plan, 2006-2015
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Conclusion… continue..) …there is a need to re-align the industry framework to include private participation as potential for IBS in the private sector is nascent with huge opportunity but faced with challenges. These challenges must be overcome with private sector participation at the onset (i.e (i.e policy making making stage). stage). Standardisation needs to be developed and must be applied throughout the entire construction industry industry value chain. The manufacturing base needs to be expanded to support the construction industry…
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THANK YOU
www.cidb.gov.my
[email protected] 42
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