Inclusive and Exclusive Stats

Classification is of two types according to the class-intervals - (i) Exclusive Method (ii) Inclusive Method. i) Exclusive Method : In this method the upper limit of a class becomes the lower limit of the next class. It is called ' Exclusive ' as we do not put any item that is equal to the upper limit of a class in the same class; we put it in the next class, i.e. the upper limits of classes are excluded from them. For example, a person of age 20 years will not be included in the class-interval ( 10 - 20 ) but taken in the next class ( 20 - 30 ), since in the class interval ( 10 - 20 ) only units ranging from 10 - 19 are included. The exclusive-types of class-intervals can also be expressed as : 0 and below 10 or 0 - 9.9 10 and below 20 or 10 - 19.9 20 and below 30 or 20 - 29.9 and so on. ii) Inclusive Method : In this method the upper limit of any class interval is kept in the same class-interval. In this method the upper limit of a previous class is less by 1 from the lower limit of the next class interval. In short this method allows a class-interval to include both its lower and upper limits within it. For example : Table - 2