Ip Address
Content
IP ADRESS *Types of ip address:-liveip address:Provided by ISP (Internet service provider) ICANN (Internet Corporation of Assigning Names and Numbers) who provides live ip to ISP
-Fake ip address:For local usage Ip=4bytes or 32bits Ip 4bytes =1+1+1+1 (byte) Or Ip 32bits=8+8+8+8(bits) It’s in decimal form IP has a class CLASSA CLASS C CLASS E CLASS D CLASS B
CLASS A 8bits for network (1 byte) 24bits for hosts (3bytes) The first bit of the first byte must be o Ip=network + hosts 32=8 + 24 (bits) 4=1 + 3 (bytes) Starting 0 0000000 = 0 Ending 0 1111111=127 range 0-127 0 we cannot stat ip address from 0 127 is reserved for loopback Live ipRange 1 – 126 Number of network in class A=2N =28-1 (reserve bit 0) =128-2 =126(1 for 0 & 2nd loopback) Number of host in a Single network =2H -2 =224-2 =1, 67, 77,216- 2 = 1,67,77,214 (-2 =1 network & 2nd broadcast)
CLASS B 16bits for network (2 bytes) 16bits for hosts (2bytes) The first bit of the first byte is must be 1 The second of first byte is always 0 10 000000 =128 10 111111 =191Live ip Range= 128-191 Ip=network + hosts 32=16 + 16 (bits) 4=2 + 2(bytes) Number of network in class B=2N =216-2 (reserve bit 1 &0)=214 =16384 Number of host in a Single network =216 -2 =65536-2 =65534
CLASS C 24bits for network (3 bytes) 8bits for hosts (1byte) Ip=network + hosts 32=24 + 8 (bits) 4=3+ 1 (bytes) The first bit of the first byte is must be 1 The second of first byte is always 1 The third bit of the first byte is always 0 110 00000 =192 110 00000 =223 Liveip Range 192 – 223 Number of network in class C=2N =224-3 (reserve bit1 1 &0 ) =221 =2097152 Number of host in a Single network =28-2 =256-2=254 CLASS D 224 – 239 Multicasting CLASS E 240 -255 Research &developments
*Fake ip range- Class A 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 Subnet mask 255.0.0.0
Class B 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255 Subnet mask 255.255.0.0
Class C 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255 Subnet mask 255.255.255.0
SUBNETTING:To save ip addresses To divide network IP=NETWORK + SUBNET + HOST Exp.- 91 281 6544267 91 India (network), 281 Rajkot(subnet), 6544267 aim career solutions (host) -Subnet mask= it’s an indicator how many bits we use for subnet
-Fake ip address:For local usage Ip=4bytes or 32bits Ip 4bytes =1+1+1+1 (byte) Or Ip 32bits=8+8+8+8(bits) It’s in decimal form IP has a class CLASSA CLASS C CLASS E CLASS D CLASS B
CLASS A 8bits for network (1 byte) 24bits for hosts (3bytes) The first bit of the first byte must be o Ip=network + hosts 32=8 + 24 (bits) 4=1 + 3 (bytes) Starting 0 0000000 = 0 Ending 0 1111111=127 range 0-127 0 we cannot stat ip address from 0 127 is reserved for loopback Live ipRange 1 – 126 Number of network in class A=2N =28-1 (reserve bit 0) =128-2 =126(1 for 0 & 2nd loopback) Number of host in a Single network =2H -2 =224-2 =1, 67, 77,216- 2 = 1,67,77,214 (-2 =1 network & 2nd broadcast)
CLASS B 16bits for network (2 bytes) 16bits for hosts (2bytes) The first bit of the first byte is must be 1 The second of first byte is always 0 10 000000 =128 10 111111 =191Live ip Range= 128-191 Ip=network + hosts 32=16 + 16 (bits) 4=2 + 2(bytes) Number of network in class B=2N =216-2 (reserve bit 1 &0)=214 =16384 Number of host in a Single network =216 -2 =65536-2 =65534
CLASS C 24bits for network (3 bytes) 8bits for hosts (1byte) Ip=network + hosts 32=24 + 8 (bits) 4=3+ 1 (bytes) The first bit of the first byte is must be 1 The second of first byte is always 1 The third bit of the first byte is always 0 110 00000 =192 110 00000 =223 Liveip Range 192 – 223 Number of network in class C=2N =224-3 (reserve bit1 1 &0 ) =221 =2097152 Number of host in a Single network =28-2 =256-2=254 CLASS D 224 – 239 Multicasting CLASS E 240 -255 Research &developments
*Fake ip range- Class A 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 Subnet mask 255.0.0.0
Class B 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255 Subnet mask 255.255.0.0
Class C 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255 Subnet mask 255.255.255.0
SUBNETTING:To save ip addresses To divide network IP=NETWORK + SUBNET + HOST Exp.- 91 281 6544267 91 India (network), 281 Rajkot(subnet), 6544267 aim career solutions (host) -Subnet mask= it’s an indicator how many bits we use for subnet
