Major Cell Types of the Immune System

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The Major Cell types of the Immune System
Name of Cell

Function

Small lymphocyte

production of antibodies (B cells) or cytotoxic and helper
functions (T cells)

Dendritic cell

activates T cells and initiates adaptive immune response

Plasma cell

fully differentiated form of B cell that secrets antibodies

Mast cell

expulsion of parasites from body through release of
granules containing histamine and other active agents

Natural killer cell

kills infected cells with certain viruses, also kills
cancerous cells

Monocyte

precursor to macrophage, circulates system

Neutrophil

phagocytosis and killing of microorganisms, large
proportion (40-75%) circulating around the body

Macrophage

phagocytosis and killing of microorganisms, also
activation of T cells and initiation of immune responses.
Garbage collectors, gobble up pathogens and dead cells

Eosinophil

killing of antibody-coated parasites through release of
granule contents

Megakaryocyte

platelet formation, wound repair

Basophil

controlling immune responses to parasites

Erythrocytes

oxygen transport (red blood cells)

hematopoietic cell

the type of stem cell that all immune cells come from

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