med surg unit i

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ROLE OF NURSE FAMILY AND PATIENT IN ADULT PATIENT CARE
The word “NURSE “originated from the Latin word “NUTRIX” meaning “TO NOURISH”. Nurse
assumes a number of roles when they provide care to client. The roles required at a specific time depend on
the
needs
of
the
client
and
aspects
of
the
particular
environment.
DEFINITION:
" The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick, or well, in the performance of those
activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he
had the necessary strength, will or knowledge, and to do this in such a way as to help him gain
independence as rapidly as possible".
Virgiena Handerson
MEANING OF ADULT NURSING:
Adult nursing involves caring for adults, both sick and well, not only in the hospital environment but
also in the community setting. An inherent part of the role of an adult nurse is the promotion of health
through education, the prevention of disease, and the care, and rehabilitation of adults undergoing diagnostic
and therapeutic regimens.
GOALS OF ADULT HEALTH NURSING:




Determines client’s responses to health problems, level of wellness, and needs for assistance.
Provides physical care, emotional care, teaching, guidance and counseling.
Interventions aimed at assisting the client to meet own needs.

AIMS OF NURSING IN ADULT PATIENT CARE:


To promote health



To prevent illness



To restore health



To facilitate coping with disability or death.

GENERAL DISCRIPTION OF ADULT HEALTH NURSE:
Adult nurses provide medical care to and support the recovery of patients suffering from acute and
long-term illness, diseases such as diabetes or arthritis or those requiring surgery.






They focus on the needs of the patient rather than the illness or condition.
They promote good health and well being through the education.
They plan and carryout case within a multidisciplinary team
They addresses the holistic health care needs of the client including measures to restore emotional,
spiritual, and social well being.
The nurse helps the client and family to set goals and meet those goals a minimal cost of time and
energy.

ROLE & DUTIES OF NURSE:
ROLE OF NURSE: Caregiver
Gaining the trust and confidence of each patient is an important role of
In all the cases nurses needs to establish a good relationship with the patient and their relatives.
Duties of nurses include the following


Preparing care plans




Implementing plans through tasks such as preparing patients for surgeries,
Wound treatment and monitoring pulse, blood pressure and temperature.



Observing and recording the conditions of patient.



Checking and recording the conditions of patients.



Setting up drips and blood transfusion.



Assisting with tests and evaluating.



Carrying out routine investigations.



Responding quickly to emergencies.



Organizing staff and workloads.



Teaching skills to student and junior nurses.



Maintaining patient records.



Making ethical decisions related to current and confidentiality.

OTHER ROLES OF NURSE IN ADULT PATIENT CARE:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Clinical decision maker
Advocate
Protector
Communicator
Comforter

6. Teacher
7. Leader & Manager
8. Rehabilitator
9. Researcher
10. Resource Person

ROLE OF FAMILY IN ADULT PATIENT CARE:
A person illness affects not only the person who is ill but also the family or significant others.

nurses.

Acute illness may place sudden demands on family. The family should be able to cope with the changes that
occur in the family include the following:


Role changes



Task reassignment and increased demands on time.



Increased stress due to anxiety about the illness



Financial problems



Loneliness as result of separation and pending loss.



Changes in social custom.

ROLE OF FAMILY:
The family should have a basic understanding of the disease, its treatment & personal care.
Duties of family:












Clarifying the doubts and issues or misconceptions related to the disease with the health care
professionals.
Understanding the need for the assistance & assisting and helping patient in difficulties.
Providing a supporting environment for the patient.
Actively participate in the planning and implementation of the care.
Actively participating in the health education
Gathering their recourses to deal with the demands created by the situation.
Preventing high-risk diseases in the patient.
Providing necessary care until recovery or for long term support.
Providing Emotional support from family and friends are essential.
Knowing the importance of affection and love etc during illness.
Patient family plays a vital role in carrying about restrictions and plans in the patients. eg. Diabetes
patients should follow strict sugar free diet.

ROLE OF PATIENT IN ADULT PATIENT CARE:
Patient is the good source of information about illness.
1. Patient is not a passive recipient of care he is an active participant.
2. Patient should be cooperative with the treatment.
3. Patients are the key player in the decision making in the patient care. Patient plays a decision maker
role with skill in tools of the function.
4. Chronically ill individuals must learn to live with the course of chronic illness.
5. Maintaining interpersonal relationships with the health team members.

6. Patients can clarify the misbelieves and doubts regarding the treatment and procedures with the adult
health nurse.
7. Patient’s cooperation is very important in assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
8. Patient also participates actively in the patient and family teaching programmes.
9. Giving consent for surgeries and diagnostic procedures is also an important role.
10. With the level of knowledge, skill and confidence patient can develop the self-management capacity
so that he could be targeted towards the quality improvement care.

ROLE OF NURSE IN MEDICAL SURGICAL SETTINGS
OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT
DUTIES
 Conducts nurse-client interviews and nursing diagnosis, identifying priority client needs
 Identifies his/herself by name and explains his/her role, demonstrating a caring approach
 Assesses clients’ needs regarding care
 Provides nursing interventions such as health teaching, medication teaching, life style counselling,
coping enhancement and anxiety reduction
 Provides nursing therapeutics such as medication administration, dressings and irrigations
 Provides information, resources and/or personnel to assist clients
 Assists in the transport of clients with intravenous therapy
 Promotes physical comfort and safety
 Reports and records data required for hospital, client and nursing care records and statistics
 Prepares and labels specimens for examination, records information and stores specimens as per
established procedures for department
 Follows physicians’ prescriptions as to administration of medication and other therapeutic procedures
 Sets up for minor surgery, following the rules of aseptic technique and the established procedure for
handling instruments
 Supervises and assists the attendant in stocking the designated room with equipment and supplies
 Ensures emergency equipment is available and ready for use
 Sends damaged equipment for repair and alerts other team members
 Assists other team members and/or nurses as required





Directs and teaches team members who participate in client care
Acts as a liaison as necessary, between other departments, clients and/or physicians
Conducts crash cart inspections, daily in-stock inventory and defibrillator inspections as assigned by the
Outpatient Department Nurse Manager
 Participates in department meetings
 Participates in hospital and nursing in-service education programs
 Requests charts and updates pertinent data on clients’ files in accordance to department recording and
reporting procedures
 Processes and attends to emergencies
 Collaborates with other team members for adequate coverage of the unit
 Screens doctors’ phone calls and provides follow-up as necessary
CRITICAL CARE UNIT (I.C.U./Burn Unit/ H.D.U unit)

1. To maintain the prepared standard protocol of asepsis [Hand washing and dress protocol] strictly.
2. To autoclave and disinfect necessary articles, instruments, linen, gadgets, equipments, etc. and keep
ready for use.
3. To check all electrical points, pipe line 02, in built suckers for proper working condition.
4. To communicate with concerned person for proper maintenance of unit.
5. To carry out the instructions of the sister-in-charge as allocated by her.
6. To prepare the drugs, crash trolley, etc. properly.
7. To check Oxygen, Carbon dioxide, Nitrous Oxide etc. for proper use.
8. To check monitor, ventilator, all life saving gadgets for proper working condition.
9. To provide special care to the patient guided by the Medical Officer e.g. endo-trachial suction.
10. To fumigate the department periodically.
11. To keep records of all the procedures of the patient neatly.

IN PATIENT DEPARTMENT:
The Staff nurse is responsible for the complete nursing care of the patient assigned to her. The following
duties would be shared with nursing students, if any and auxiliary staff such as nursing orderlies, ward boys,
ayas, and sweepers as the situation warrants.
General Care of the Patients
a. Admission and discharge of patient.
b. Assistance and instructions to patient and their relations.

c. Bathing patients including daily care of mouth, nails and pressure points.
d. Four hourly, or more frequent attention to pressure points.
e. Giving and removing of bed pans and urine pots.
f. Giving and removing of hot water bottle.
g. Bed making.
h. Feeding of patients.
i. Distribution of diets, milk etc.
j. Preparation of special feeds, eggs, milk etc.
k. Technical nursing care of patients. e.g. enema catheterization, dressings irrigations O2 therapy,
preparing for and clearing up after procedure.
l. Administration of medicine/injections
m. Assistance in administration of I/V injection.
n. Preparation of injections and clearing up.
o. Recording of medicines & injection given.
p. Taking and charting I.P.R.
q. Rounds with doctor.
r. Preparation for and assistance in clinical tests and medical procedure.
s. Pre and postoperative care.
t. Urine testing.
u. Collecting labeling and dispatching of specimens.
v. Escorting patients to and from departments.
w. Giving and receiving reports.
Ward Management
a. Handing over and taking charge of shift.
b. Keeping the ward clean and tidy.
c. Preparation of surgical supplies, bandage, splint.
d. Routine care and cleaning of dressing trolleys, cupboards, apparatus, mackintosh etc.

e. Care of clean and soiled linens.
f. Disinfections of linen, beds, floor and bed pans.
General
a. Demonstration and guidance to student nurses and domestic staff.
b. Supervision of domestic staff.
c. Assistance in orientation of new staff nurses.
d. Participation in staff education and staff meeting.
e. Participation in professional activities.
f. Any other duty that may be assigned from time to time.

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