Medicare Information Glossary of Medicare Terms
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Medicare Information:
By: Dennis Stewart, Streamline Savings September, 2012
Glossary of Medicare Terms
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Accreditation A process where external organizations (or "accrediting bodies") evaluate health care facilities' policies, procedures, and performance to make sure they are meeting predetermined criteria. Advance Beneficiary Notice (ABN) In Original Medicare, a notice that a doctor, supplier, or provider gives a Medicare beneficiary before furnishing an item or service if the doctor, supplier, or provider believes that Medicare may deny payment. In this situation, if you aren't given an ABN before you get the item or service, and Medicare denies payment, then you may not have to pay for it. If you are given an ABN, and you sign it, you will probably have to pay for the item or service if Medicare denies payment. Advance coverage decision A notice you get from a Medicare Advantage Plan letting you know in advance whether it will cover a particular service. Advance directive A written document stating how you want medical decisions to be made if you lose the ability to make them for yourself. It may include a living will and a durable power of attorney for health care. ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease. Ambulatory surgical center A facility where simpler surgeries are performed for patients who aren't expected to need more than 24 hours of care. Angina pectoris Chest pain. Angioplasty A medical procedure used to open a blocked artery.
Appeal An appeal is the action you can take if you disagree with a coverage or payment decision made by Medicare, your Medicare health plan, or your Medicare Prescription Drug Plan. You can file an appeal if Medicare or your plan does one of these:
Your request for a health care service, supply, or prescription that you think you should be able to get Your request for payment for health care or a prescription drug you already got Your request to change the amount you must pay for a prescription drug You can also appeal if you're already getting coverage and Medicare or your plan stops paying. Assignment An agreement by your doctor or other supplier to be paid directly by Medicare, to accept the payment amount Medicare approves for the service, and not to bill you for any more than the Medicare deductible and coinsurance. Beneficiary A person who has health care insurance through the Medicare or Medicaid programs. Benefit period The way that Original Medicare measures your use of hospital and skilled nursing facility (SNF) services. A benefit period begins the day you're admitted as an inpatient in a hospital or skilled nursing facility. The benefit period ends when you haven't received any inpatient hospital care (or skilled care in a SNF) for 60 days in a row. If you go into a hospital or a skilled nursing facility after one benefit period has ended, a new benefit period begins. You must pay the inpatient hospital deductible for each benefit period. There is no limit to the number of benefit periods. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) The federal agency that runs the Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs. Certified (certification) See "Medicare-certified provider." Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) A joint federal and state program that provides free or low-cost health coverage for children up to age 19. Claim A request for payment that you submit to Medicare or other health insurance when you get items and services that you think are covered.
Clinical breast exam An exam by your doctor or other health care provider to check for breast cancer by feeling and looking at your breasts. This exam isn't the same as a mammogram and is usually done in the doctor's office during your Pap test and pelvic exam. Coinsurance An amount you may be required to pay as your share of the cost for services after you pay any deductibles. Coinsurance is usually a percentage (for example, 20%). Comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facility A facility that provides a variety of services on an outpatient basis, including physicians' services, physical therapy, social or psychological services, and rehabilitation. Coordination of benefits A way to figure out who pays first when 2 or more health insurance plans are responsible for paying a medical claim. Copayment An amount you may be required to pay as your share of the cost for a medical service or supply, like a doctor's visit, hospital outpatient visit, or prescription. A copayment is usually a set amount, rather than a percentage. For example, you might pay $10 or $20 for a doctor's visit or prescription. Coronary stent A device used to keep an artery open. Cost sharing An amount you may be required to pay as your share of the cost for a medical service or supply, like a doctor's visit, hospital outpatient visit, or prescription drug. This amount can include copayments, coinsurance, and/or deductibles. Coverage determination (Part D) The first decision made by your Medicare drug plan (not the pharmacy) about your drug benefits, including the following:
Whether a particular drug is covered Whether you have met all the requirements for getting a requested drug How much you’re required to pay for a drug Whether to make an exception to a plan rule when you request it The drug plan must give you a prompt decision (72 hours for standard requests, 24 hours for expedited requests). If you disagree with the plan’s coverage determination, the next step is an appeal.
Coverage gap (Medicare prescription drug coverage) A period of time in which you pay higher cost sharing for prescription drugs until you spend enough to qualify for catastrophic coverage. The coverage gap (also called the “donut hole”) starts when you and your plan have paid a set dollar amount for prescription drugs during that year. Creditable coverage See "creditable coverage (Medigap)" or "creditable prescription drug coverage." Creditable coverage (Medigap) Previous health insurance coverage that can be used to shorten a pre-existing condition waiting period under a Medigap policy. Creditable prescription drug coverage Prescription drug coverage (for example, from an employer or union) that's expected to pay, on average, at least as much as Medicare's standard prescription drug coverage. People who have this kind of coverage when they become eligible for Medicare can generally keep that coverage without paying a penalty, if they decide to enroll in Medicare prescription drug coverage later. Critical access hospital (CAH) A small facility that provides outpatient services, as well as inpatient services on a limited basis, to people in rural areas. Custodial care Non-skilled personal care, such as help with activities of daily living like bathing, dressing, eating, getting in or out of a bed or chair, moving around, and using the bathroom. It may also include the kind of health-related care that most people do themselves, like using eye drops. In most cases, Medicare doesn't pay for custodial care. Deductible The amount you must pay for health care or prescriptions before Original Medicare, your prescription drug plan, or your other insurance begins to pay. Deemed status A provider or supplier earns this when they have been accredited by a national accreditation program (approved by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services) that they demonstrate compliance with certain conditions. Demonstrations Special projects, sometimes called "pilot programs" or "research studies," that test improvements in Medicare coverage, payment, and quality of care. They usually operate only for a limited time, for a specific group of people, and in specific areas.
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) A federal agency that administers programs for protecting the health of all Americans, including the Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs. Diagnostic mammogram An X-ray exam of the breast in a woman who either has a breast problem or has had a change show up on a screening mammogram. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) A drug given to pregnant women from the early 1940s until 1971 to help with common problems during pregnancy. The drug has been linked to cancer of the cervix or vagina in women whose mother took the drug while pregnant. DME Medicare Administrative Contractor (MAC) A private company that contracts with Medicare to pay bills for durable medical equipment. Drug list A list of prescription drugs covered by a prescription drug plan or another insurance plan offering prescription drug benefits. This list is also called a formulary. Durable medical equipment Certain medical equipment, such as a walker, wheelchair, or hospital bed, that's ordered by your doctor for use in the home. Durable power of attorney A legal document that enables you to designate another person to act on your behalf in the event you become disabled or incapacitated. Employer or union retiree plans Plans that give health and/or drug coverage to employees, former employees, and their families. These plans are offered to people through their (or a spouse's) current or former employer or employee organization. End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Permanent kidney failure that requires a regular course of dialysis or a kidney transplant. Exception A type of Medicare prescription drug coverage determination. A formulary exception is a drug plan's decision to cover a drug that's not on its drug list or to waive a coverage rule. A tiering exception is a drug plan's decision to charge a lower amount for a drug that's on its nonpreferred drug tier. You must request an exception, and your doctor or other prescriber must send a supporting statement explaining the medical reason for the exception.
Excess charge If you have Original Medicare, and the amount a doctor or other health care provider is legally permitted to charge is higher than the Medicare-approved amount, the difference is called the excess charge. Extra Help A Medicare program to help people with limited income and resources pay Medicare prescription drug program costs, such as premiums, deductibles, and coinsurance. Federally-qualified health center Federally-funded nonprofit health centers or clinics that serve medically underserved areas and populations. Federally-qualified health centers provide primary care services even if you can't afford it. Services are provided on a sliding scale fee based on your ability to pay. Formulary A list of prescription drugs covered by a prescription drug plan or another insurance plan offering prescription drug benefits. Generic drug A prescription drug that has the same active-ingredient formula as a brand-name drug. Generic drugs usually cost less than brand-name drugs. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rates these drugs to be as safe and effective as brand-name drugs. Glucose control solution A fluid used to check the accuracy of diabetes monitors and test strips. Grievance A complaint about the way your Medicare health plan or Medicare drug plan is giving care. For example, you may file a grievance if you have a problem calling the plan or if you're unhappy with the way a staff person at the plan has behaved towards you. However, if you have a complaint about a plan's refusal to cover a service, supply, or prescription, you file an appeal. Health care provider A person or organization that's licensed to give health care. Doctors, nurses, and hospitals are examples of health care providers. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) The "Standard for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information (also called the "Privacy Rule")" of HIPPA assures your health information is properly protected while allowing the flow of health information needed to provide and promote high quality health care and to protect the public's health and well being.
High-deductible Medigap policy A type of Medigap policy that has a high deductible but a lower premium. You must pay the deductible before the Medigap policy pays anything. The deductible amount can change each year. Homebound To be homebound means:
Leaving your home isn't recommended because of your condition Your condition keeps you from leaving home without help (like using a wheelchair or walker, needing special transportation, or getting help from another person) Leaving home takes a considerable and taxing effort. You may leave home for medical treatment or short, infrequent absences for non-medical reasons, like attending religious services. You can still get home health care if you attend adult day care. Home health agency An organization that provides home health care. Home health care Health care services and supplies a doctor decides you may receive in your home under a plan of care established by your doctor. Medicare only covers home health care on a limited basis as ordered by your doctor. Hospice A special way of caring for people who are terminally ill. Hospice care involves a team-oriented approach that addresses the medical, physical, social, emotional, and spiritual needs of the patient. Hospice also provides support to the patient's family or caregiver. Hospital care (inpatient) Treatment you get in an acute care hospital, critical access hospital, inpatient rehabilitation facility, long-term care hospital, inpatient care as part of a qualifying research study, and mental health care. Hospital outpatient setting A part of a hospital where you get outpatient services, like an emergency department, observation unit, surgery center, or pain clinic. Hospital-related medical condition Any condition that was treated during your qualifying 3-day inpatient hospital stay, even if it wasn't the reason you were admitted to the hospital.
Independent reviewer An organization (sometimes called an Independent Review Entity or IRE) that has no connection to your Medicare health plan or Medicare Prescription Drug Plan. Medicare contracts with the IRE to review your case if you appeal your plan's payment or coverage decision or if your plan doesn't make a timely appeals decision. Initial coverage limit Once you have met your yearly deductible, you will pay a copayment or coinsurance for each covered drug until you reach your plan's out-of-pocket maximum (or initial coverage limit). You will then enter your plan's coverage gap (also called the "donut hole"). In-network Doctors, hospitals, pharmacies, and other health care providers that have agreed to provide members of a certain insurance plan with services and supplies at a discounted price. In some insurance plans, your care is only covered if you get it from in-network doctors, hospitals, pharmacies, and other health care providers. Inpatient care Health care that you get when you're admitted to a health care facility, like a hospital or skilled nursing facility. Inpatient hospital services Services you get when you're admitted to a hospital, including bed and board, nursing services, diagnostic or therapeutic services, and medical or surgical services. Inpatient prospective payment system (IPPS) Hospitals that have contracted with Medicare to provide acute inpatient care and accept a predetermined rate as payment in full. Inpatient rehabilitation facility A hospital, or part of a hospital, that provides an intensive rehabilitation program to inpatients. Large group health plan In general, a group health plan that covers employees of either an employer or employee organization that has 100 or more employees. Lifetime reserve days In Original Medicare, these are additional days that Medicare will pay for when you are in a hospital for more than 90 days. You have a total of 60 reserve days that can be used during your lifetime. For each lifetime reserve day, Medicare pays all covered costs except for a daily coinsurance.
Limiting charge In Original Medicare, the highest amount of money you can be charged for a covered service by doctors and other health care suppliers who don't accept assignment. The limiting charge is 15% over Medicare's approved amount. The limiting charge only applies to certain services and doesn't apply to supplies or equipment. Living will A legal document also known as a medical directive or advance directive. It states your wishes regarding life-support or other medical treatment in certain circumstances, usually when death is imminent. Long-term care A variety of services that help people with their medical and non-medical needs over a period of time. Long-term care can be provided at home, in the community, or in various types of facilities, including nursing homes and assisted living facilities. Most long-term care is custodial care. Medicare doesn't pay for this type of care if this is the only kind of care you need. Long-term care hospital Acute care hospitals that provide treatment for patients who stay, on average, more than 25 days. Most patients are transferred from an intensive or critical care unit. Services provided include comprehensive rehabilitation, respiratory therapy, head trauma treatment, and pain management. Long-term care ombudsman An independent advocate (supporter) for nursing home and assisted living facility residents who works to solve problems between residents and nursing homes or assisted living facilities. They may be able to provide information about home health agencies in their area. Medicaid A joint federal and state program that helps with medical costs for some people with limited income and resources. Medicaid programs vary from state to state, but most health care costs are covered if you qualify for both Medicare and Medicaid. Medicaid-certified provider A health care provider (like a home health agency, hospital, nursing home, or dialysis facility) that has been approved by Medicaid. Providers are approved or "certified" if they have passed an inspection conducted by a state government agency. Medical emergency When you believe you have an injury or illness that requires immediate medical attention to prevent a disability or death.
Medically necessary Services or supplies that are needed for the diagnosis or treatment of your medical condition and meet accepted standards of medical practice. Medical underwriting The process that an insurance company uses to decide, based on your medical history, whether to take your application for insurance, whether to add a waiting period for pre-existing conditions (if your state law allows it), and how much to charge you for that insurance. Medicare Medicare is the federal health insurance program for people who are age 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease (permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or a transplant, sometimes called ESRD). Medicare Administrative Contractor (MAC) A company that processes claims for Medicare. Medicare Advantage Plan (Part C) A Medicare Advantage Plan is a type of Medicare health plan offered by a private company that contracts with Medicare to provide you with all your Part A and Part B benefits. Medicare Advantage Plans include Health Maintenance Organizations, Preferred Provider Organizations, Private Fee-for-Service Plans, Special Needs Plans, and Medicare Medical Savings Account Plans. If you're enrolled in a Medicare Advantage Plan, Medicare services are covered through the plan and aren't paid for under Original Medicare. Most Medicare Advantage Plans offer prescription drug coverage. Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug (MA-PD) Plan A Medicare Advantage plan that offers Medicare prescription drug coverage (Part D), Part A, and Part B benefits in one plan. Medicare-approved amount In Original Medicare, this is the amount a doctor or supplier that accepts assignment can be paid. It may be less than the actual amount a doctor or supplier charges. Medicare pays part of this amount and you’re responsible for the difference. Medicare-approved supplier A company, person, or agency that has been certified by Medicare to give you a medical item or service, except when you're an inpatient in a hospital or skilled nursing facility. Medicare-certified provider A health care provider (like a home health agency, hospital, nursing home, or dialysis facility) that has been approved by Medicare. Providers are approved or "certified" by Medicare if they
have passed an inspection conducted by a state government agency. Medicare only covers care given by providers who are certified. Medicare Coordination of Benefits Contractor The company that acts on behalf of Medicare to collect and manage information on other types of insurance or coverage that a person with Medicare may have, and determine whether the coverage pays before or after Medicare. Medicare Cost Plan A type of Medicare health plan available in some areas. In a Medicare Cost Plan, if you get services outside of the plan's network without a referral, your Medicare-covered services will be paid for under Original Medicare (your Cost Plan pays for emergency services or urgently needed services). Medicare Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Plan A type of Medicare Advantage Plan (Part C) available in some areas of the country. In most HMOs, you can only go to doctors, specialists, or hospitals on the plan's list except in an emergency. Most HMOs also require you to get a referral from your primary care physician. Medicare health plan A plan offered by a private company that contracts with Medicare to provide Part A and Part B benefits to people with Medicare who enroll in the plan. Medicare health plans include all Medicare Advantage Plans, Medicare Cost Plans, Demonstration/Pilot Programs, and Programs of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE). Medicare Medical Savings Account (MSA) Plan MSA Plans combine a high deductible Medicare Advantage Plan and a bank account. The plan deposits money from Medicare into the account. You can use the money in this account to pay for your health care costs, but only Medicare-covered expenses count toward your deductible. The amount deposited is usually less than your deductible amount so you generally will have to pay out-of-pocket before your coverage begins. Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance) Part A covers inpatient hospital stays, care in a skilled nursing facility, hospice care, and some home health care. Medicare Part B (Medical Insurance) Part B covers certain doctors' services, outpatient care, medical supplies, and preventive services.
Medicare plan Any way other than Original Medicare that you can get your Medicare health or prescription drug coverage. This term includes all Medicare health plans and Medicare Prescription Drug Plans. Medicare Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) Plan A type of Medicare Advantage Plan (Part C) available in some areas of the country in which you pay less if you use doctors, hospitals, and other health care providers that belong to the plan's network. You can use doctors, hospitals, and providers outside of the network for an additional cost. Medicare prescription drug coverage (Part D) Optional benefits for prescription drugs available to all people with Medicare for an additional charge. This coverage is offered by insurance companies and other private companies approved by Medicare. Medicare Prescription Drug Plan (Part D) Part D adds prescription drug coverage to Original Medicare, some Medicare Cost Plans, some Medicare Private-Fee-for-Service Plans, and Medicare Medical Savings Account Plans. These plans are offered by insurance companies and other private companies approved by Medicare. Medicare Advantage Plans may also offer prescription drug coverage that follows the same rules as Medicare Prescription Drug Plans. Medicare Private Fee-For-Service (PFFS) Plan A type of Medicare Advantage Plan (Part C) in which you can generally go to any doctor or hospital you could go to if you had Original Medicare, if the doctor or hospital agrees to treat you. The plan determines how much it will pay doctors and hospitals, and how much you must pay when you get care. A Private Fee-For-Service Plan is very different than Original Medicare, and you must follow the plan rules carefully when you go for health care services. When you're in a Private Fee-For-Service Plan, you may pay more or less for Medicare-covered benefits than in Original Medicare. Medicare Savings Program A Medicaid program that helps people with limited income and resources pay some or all of their Medicare premiums, deductibles, and coinsurance. Medicare SELECT A type of Medigap policy that may require you to use hospitals and, in some cases, doctors within its network to be eligible for full benefits.
Medicare Special Needs Plan (SNP) A special type of Medicare Advantage Plan (Part C) that provides more focused and specialized health care for specific groups of people, such as those who have both Medicare and Medicaid, who live in a nursing home, or have certain chronic medical conditions. Medicare Summary Notice (MSN) A notice you get after the doctor or provider files a claim for Part A or Part B services in Original Medicare. It explains what the doctor or provider billed for, the Medicare-approved amount, how much Medicare paid, and what you must pay. Medigap basic benefits Benefits that all Medigap policies must cover, including Part A and Part B coinsurance amounts, blood, and additional hospital benefits not covered by Original Medicare. Medigap Open Enrollment Period A one-time-only, 6-month period when federal law allows you to buy any Medigap policy you want that's sold in your state. It starts in the first month that you're covered under Part B and you're age 65 or older. During this period, you can't be denied a Medigap policy or charged more due to past or present health problems. Some states may have additional open enrollment rights under state law. Medigap policy Medicare Supplement Insurance sold by private insurance companies to fill "gaps" in Original Medicare coverage. Multi-employer plan In general, a group health plan that's sponsored jointly by 2 or more employers. Network pharmacies Pharmacies that have agreed to provide members of certain Medicare plans with services and supplies at a discounted price. In some Medicare plans, your prescriptions are only covered if you get them filled at network pharmacies. Non-preferred pharmacy A pharmacy that's part of a Medicare drug plan's network, but isn't a preferred pharmacy. You may pay higher out-of-pocket costs if you get your prescription drugs from a non-preferred pharmacy instead of a preferred pharmacy. Optional supplemental benefits Services that Medicare doesn't cover, but that a Medicare health plan may choose to offer. If you enroll in a plan with these services, you may choose to buy the services. If you choose to buy these benefits, you will pay for them directly, usually as a premium, copayment, and/or
coinsurance. These services may be offered individually or as a group of services, and they may be different for each Medicare health plan. Original Medicare Original Medicare is fee-for-service coverage under which the government pays your health care providers directly for your Part A and/or Part B benefits. Out-of-network A benefit that may be provided by your Medicare Advantage plan. Generally, this benefit gives you the choice to get plan services from outside of the plan's network of health care providers. In some cases, your out-of-pocket costs may be higher for an out-of-network benefit. Out-of-pocket costs Health or prescription drug costs that you must pay on your own because they aren’t covered by Medicare or other insurance. Outpatient hospital care Medical or surgical care you get from a hospital when your doctor hasn't written an order to admit you to the hospital as an inpatient. Outpatient hospital care may include emergency department services, observation services, outpatient surgery, lab tests, or X-rays. Your care may be considered outpatient hospital care even if you spend the night at the hospital. Pap test A test to check for cancer of the cervix, the opening to a woman's uterus. It's done by removing cells from the cervix. The cells are then prepared so they can be seen under a microscope. Patient lifts A medical device used to lift you from a bed or wheelchair. Pelvic exam An exam to check if internal female organs are normal by feeling their shape and size. Penalty An amount added to your monthly premium for Part B or a Medicare drug plan (Part D) if you don't join when you're first eligible. You pay this higher amount as long as you have Medicare. There are some exceptions. Pharmacy network Pharmacies that have agreed to provide members of certain Medicare plans with services and supplies at a discounted price. In some Medicare plans, your prescriptions are only covered if you get them filled at network pharmacies.
Physical therapy Treatment of an injury or a disease by mechanical means, like exercise, massage, heat, and light treatment. Pilot programs See "demonstrations." Podiatrist Foot doctor Point-of-service option In a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO), this option lets you use doctors and hospitals outside the plan for an additional cost. Power of attorney A medical power of attorney is a document that lets you appoint someone you trust to make decisions about your medical care. This type of advance directive also may be called a health care proxy, appointment of health care agent, or a durable power of attorney for health care. Pre-existing condition A health problem you had before the date that a new insurance policy starts. Preferred pharmacy A pharmacy that's part of a Medicare drug plan's network. You pay lower out-of-pocket costs if you get your prescription drugs from a preferred pharmacy instead of a non-preferred pharmacy. Premium The periodic payment to Medicare, an insurance company, or a health care plan for health or prescription drug coverage. Preventive services Health care to prevent illness or detect illness at an early stage, when treatment is likely to work best (for example, preventive services include Pap tests, flu shots, and screening mammograms). Primary care doctor The doctor you see first for most health problems. He or she makes sure you get the care you need to keep you healthy. He or she also may talk with other doctors and health care providers about your care and refer you to them. In many Medicare Advantage Plans, you must see your primary care doctor before you see any other health care provider.
Prior authorization Approval from a Medicare drug plan that may be required before you fill your prescription for the prescription to be covered by your plan. Programs of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) A special type of health plan that provides all the care and services covered by Medicare and Medicaid as well as additional medically-necessary care and services based on your needs as determined by an interdisciplinary team. PACE serves frail older adults who need nursing home services but are capable of living in the community. PACE combines medical, social, and longterm care services and prescription drug coverage. Protective sensations Feeling in the foot or leg that helps warn you that the skin is being injured. Nerve damage caused by diabetes can cause loss of feeling in the foot or leg, also known as "loss of protective sensations (LOPS)." This may result in skin loss, blisters, or ulcers. Qualified Individual (QI) Program A state program that helps pay Part B premiums for people who have Part A and limited income and resources. Qualified Medicare Beneficiary (QMB) Program A state program that helps pay Part A premiums, Part B premiums, and other cost-sharing (like deductibles, coinsurance, and copayments) for people who have Part A and limited income and resources. Quality Improvement Organization (QIO) A group of practicing doctors and other health care experts paid by the federal government to check and improve the care given to people with Medicare. Recovery contractor A company that acts on behalf of Medicare to obtain repayment when Medicare makes a conditional payment and the other payer is determined to be primary. Referral A written order from your primary care doctor for you to see a specialist or get certain medical services. In many Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), you need to get a referral before you can get medical care from anyone except your primary care doctor. If you don't get a referral first, the plan may not pay for the services. Rehabilitation services Services that help you regain abilities, such as speech or walking, that have been impaired by an illness or injury. These services are given by nurses, and physical, occupational, and speech
therapists. Examples include working with a physical therapist to help you walk and with an occupational therapist to help you get dressed. Religious nonmedical health care institution A facility that provides nonmedical health care items and services to people who need hospital or skilled nursing facility care, but for whom that care would be inconsistent with their religious beliefs. Respite care Temporary care provided in a nursing home, hospice inpatient facility, or hospital so that a family member or friend who is the patient's caregiver can rest or take some time off. Rural health clinic A Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) that provides health care services in rural areas where there is a shortage of health care services. Screening mammogram A medical procedure to check for breast cancer before you or a doctor may be able to find it manually. Secondary payer The insurance policy, plan, or program that pays second on a claim for medical care. This could be Medicare, Medicaid, or other insurance depending on the situation. Service area A geographic area where a health insurance plan accepts members if it limits membership based on where people live. For plans that limit which doctors and hospitals you may use, it's also generally the area where you can get routine (non-emergency) services. The plan may disenroll you if you move out of the plan's service area. Skilled nursing care Care such as intravenous injections that can only be given by a registered nurse or doctor. Skilled nursing facility (SNF) A nursing facility with the staff and equipment to give skilled nursing care and, in most cases, skilled rehabilitative services and other related health services. Skilled nursing facility care Skilled nursing care and rehabilitation services provided on a continuous, daily basis, in a skilled nursing facility (SNF).
Specified Low-Income Medicare Beneficiary (SLMB) Program A state program that helps pay Part B premiums for people who have Part A and limited income and resources. Speech-language therapy (speech-language pathology services) Treatment that helps you strengthen or regain speech, language, and swallowing skills. State Health Insurance Assistance Program (SHIP) A state program that gets money from the federal government to give free local health insurance counseling to people with Medicare. State Insurance Department A state agency that regulates insurance and can provide information about Medigap policies and other private health insurance. State Medical Assistance office A state agency that's in charge of the State's Medicaid program and can give information about programs that help pay medical bills for people with limited income and resources. State Pharmacy Assistance Program (SPAP) A state program that provides help paying for drug coverage based on financial need, age, or medical condition. State Survey Agency A state agency that oversees health care facilities that participate in the Medicare and/or Medicaid programs. The State Survey Agency inspects health care facilities and investigates complaints to ensure that health and safety standards are met. Step therapy A coverage rule used by some Medicare Prescription Drug Plans that requires you to try one or more similar, lower cost drugs to treat your condition before the plan will cover the prescribed drug. Subluxation When one or more of the bones of your spine move out of position. Supplemental Security Income (SSI) A monthly benefit paid by Social Security to people with limited income and resources who are disabled, blind, or age 65 or older. SSI benefits aren't the same as Social Security retirement or disability benefits.
Supplier Generally, any company, person, or agency that gives you a medical item or service, except when you're an inpatient in a hospital or skilled nursing facility. Telemedicine Medical or other health services given to a patient using a communications system (like a computer, telephone, or television) by a practitioner in a location different than the patient's. Tiers Groups of drugs that have a different cost for each group. A drug in a lower tier will cost you less than a drug in a higher tier. TRICARE A health care program for active-duty and retired uniformed services members and their families. TRICARE FOR LIFE (TFL) Expanded medical coverage available to Medicare-eligible uniformed services retirees age 65 or older, their eligible family members and survivors, and certain former spouses. TTY A teletypewriter (TTY) is a communication device used by people who are deaf, hard-of-hearing, or have a severe speech impairment. People who don't have a TTY can communicate with a TTY user through a message relay center (MRC). An MRC has TTY operators available to send and interpret TTY messages. Urgently needed care Care that you get outside of your Medicare health plan's service area for a sudden illness or injury that needs medical care right away but isn’t life threatening. If it’s not safe to wait until you get home to get care from a plan doctor, the health plan must pay for the care. Workers' compensation A plan that employers are required to have to cover employees who get sick or injured on the job.
This glossary explains terms in the Medicare program, but it isn't a legal document. The official Medicare program provisions are found in the relevant laws, regulations, and rulings. For updated information and terms, please visit
http://medicare.gov/glossary/a.html
By: Dennis Stewart, Streamline Savings September, 2012
Glossary of Medicare Terms
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Accreditation A process where external organizations (or "accrediting bodies") evaluate health care facilities' policies, procedures, and performance to make sure they are meeting predetermined criteria. Advance Beneficiary Notice (ABN) In Original Medicare, a notice that a doctor, supplier, or provider gives a Medicare beneficiary before furnishing an item or service if the doctor, supplier, or provider believes that Medicare may deny payment. In this situation, if you aren't given an ABN before you get the item or service, and Medicare denies payment, then you may not have to pay for it. If you are given an ABN, and you sign it, you will probably have to pay for the item or service if Medicare denies payment. Advance coverage decision A notice you get from a Medicare Advantage Plan letting you know in advance whether it will cover a particular service. Advance directive A written document stating how you want medical decisions to be made if you lose the ability to make them for yourself. It may include a living will and a durable power of attorney for health care. ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease. Ambulatory surgical center A facility where simpler surgeries are performed for patients who aren't expected to need more than 24 hours of care. Angina pectoris Chest pain. Angioplasty A medical procedure used to open a blocked artery.
Appeal An appeal is the action you can take if you disagree with a coverage or payment decision made by Medicare, your Medicare health plan, or your Medicare Prescription Drug Plan. You can file an appeal if Medicare or your plan does one of these:
Your request for a health care service, supply, or prescription that you think you should be able to get Your request for payment for health care or a prescription drug you already got Your request to change the amount you must pay for a prescription drug You can also appeal if you're already getting coverage and Medicare or your plan stops paying. Assignment An agreement by your doctor or other supplier to be paid directly by Medicare, to accept the payment amount Medicare approves for the service, and not to bill you for any more than the Medicare deductible and coinsurance. Beneficiary A person who has health care insurance through the Medicare or Medicaid programs. Benefit period The way that Original Medicare measures your use of hospital and skilled nursing facility (SNF) services. A benefit period begins the day you're admitted as an inpatient in a hospital or skilled nursing facility. The benefit period ends when you haven't received any inpatient hospital care (or skilled care in a SNF) for 60 days in a row. If you go into a hospital or a skilled nursing facility after one benefit period has ended, a new benefit period begins. You must pay the inpatient hospital deductible for each benefit period. There is no limit to the number of benefit periods. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) The federal agency that runs the Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs. Certified (certification) See "Medicare-certified provider." Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) A joint federal and state program that provides free or low-cost health coverage for children up to age 19. Claim A request for payment that you submit to Medicare or other health insurance when you get items and services that you think are covered.
Clinical breast exam An exam by your doctor or other health care provider to check for breast cancer by feeling and looking at your breasts. This exam isn't the same as a mammogram and is usually done in the doctor's office during your Pap test and pelvic exam. Coinsurance An amount you may be required to pay as your share of the cost for services after you pay any deductibles. Coinsurance is usually a percentage (for example, 20%). Comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facility A facility that provides a variety of services on an outpatient basis, including physicians' services, physical therapy, social or psychological services, and rehabilitation. Coordination of benefits A way to figure out who pays first when 2 or more health insurance plans are responsible for paying a medical claim. Copayment An amount you may be required to pay as your share of the cost for a medical service or supply, like a doctor's visit, hospital outpatient visit, or prescription. A copayment is usually a set amount, rather than a percentage. For example, you might pay $10 or $20 for a doctor's visit or prescription. Coronary stent A device used to keep an artery open. Cost sharing An amount you may be required to pay as your share of the cost for a medical service or supply, like a doctor's visit, hospital outpatient visit, or prescription drug. This amount can include copayments, coinsurance, and/or deductibles. Coverage determination (Part D) The first decision made by your Medicare drug plan (not the pharmacy) about your drug benefits, including the following:
Whether a particular drug is covered Whether you have met all the requirements for getting a requested drug How much you’re required to pay for a drug Whether to make an exception to a plan rule when you request it The drug plan must give you a prompt decision (72 hours for standard requests, 24 hours for expedited requests). If you disagree with the plan’s coverage determination, the next step is an appeal.
Coverage gap (Medicare prescription drug coverage) A period of time in which you pay higher cost sharing for prescription drugs until you spend enough to qualify for catastrophic coverage. The coverage gap (also called the “donut hole”) starts when you and your plan have paid a set dollar amount for prescription drugs during that year. Creditable coverage See "creditable coverage (Medigap)" or "creditable prescription drug coverage." Creditable coverage (Medigap) Previous health insurance coverage that can be used to shorten a pre-existing condition waiting period under a Medigap policy. Creditable prescription drug coverage Prescription drug coverage (for example, from an employer or union) that's expected to pay, on average, at least as much as Medicare's standard prescription drug coverage. People who have this kind of coverage when they become eligible for Medicare can generally keep that coverage without paying a penalty, if they decide to enroll in Medicare prescription drug coverage later. Critical access hospital (CAH) A small facility that provides outpatient services, as well as inpatient services on a limited basis, to people in rural areas. Custodial care Non-skilled personal care, such as help with activities of daily living like bathing, dressing, eating, getting in or out of a bed or chair, moving around, and using the bathroom. It may also include the kind of health-related care that most people do themselves, like using eye drops. In most cases, Medicare doesn't pay for custodial care. Deductible The amount you must pay for health care or prescriptions before Original Medicare, your prescription drug plan, or your other insurance begins to pay. Deemed status A provider or supplier earns this when they have been accredited by a national accreditation program (approved by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services) that they demonstrate compliance with certain conditions. Demonstrations Special projects, sometimes called "pilot programs" or "research studies," that test improvements in Medicare coverage, payment, and quality of care. They usually operate only for a limited time, for a specific group of people, and in specific areas.
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) A federal agency that administers programs for protecting the health of all Americans, including the Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs. Diagnostic mammogram An X-ray exam of the breast in a woman who either has a breast problem or has had a change show up on a screening mammogram. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) A drug given to pregnant women from the early 1940s until 1971 to help with common problems during pregnancy. The drug has been linked to cancer of the cervix or vagina in women whose mother took the drug while pregnant. DME Medicare Administrative Contractor (MAC) A private company that contracts with Medicare to pay bills for durable medical equipment. Drug list A list of prescription drugs covered by a prescription drug plan or another insurance plan offering prescription drug benefits. This list is also called a formulary. Durable medical equipment Certain medical equipment, such as a walker, wheelchair, or hospital bed, that's ordered by your doctor for use in the home. Durable power of attorney A legal document that enables you to designate another person to act on your behalf in the event you become disabled or incapacitated. Employer or union retiree plans Plans that give health and/or drug coverage to employees, former employees, and their families. These plans are offered to people through their (or a spouse's) current or former employer or employee organization. End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Permanent kidney failure that requires a regular course of dialysis or a kidney transplant. Exception A type of Medicare prescription drug coverage determination. A formulary exception is a drug plan's decision to cover a drug that's not on its drug list or to waive a coverage rule. A tiering exception is a drug plan's decision to charge a lower amount for a drug that's on its nonpreferred drug tier. You must request an exception, and your doctor or other prescriber must send a supporting statement explaining the medical reason for the exception.
Excess charge If you have Original Medicare, and the amount a doctor or other health care provider is legally permitted to charge is higher than the Medicare-approved amount, the difference is called the excess charge. Extra Help A Medicare program to help people with limited income and resources pay Medicare prescription drug program costs, such as premiums, deductibles, and coinsurance. Federally-qualified health center Federally-funded nonprofit health centers or clinics that serve medically underserved areas and populations. Federally-qualified health centers provide primary care services even if you can't afford it. Services are provided on a sliding scale fee based on your ability to pay. Formulary A list of prescription drugs covered by a prescription drug plan or another insurance plan offering prescription drug benefits. Generic drug A prescription drug that has the same active-ingredient formula as a brand-name drug. Generic drugs usually cost less than brand-name drugs. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rates these drugs to be as safe and effective as brand-name drugs. Glucose control solution A fluid used to check the accuracy of diabetes monitors and test strips. Grievance A complaint about the way your Medicare health plan or Medicare drug plan is giving care. For example, you may file a grievance if you have a problem calling the plan or if you're unhappy with the way a staff person at the plan has behaved towards you. However, if you have a complaint about a plan's refusal to cover a service, supply, or prescription, you file an appeal. Health care provider A person or organization that's licensed to give health care. Doctors, nurses, and hospitals are examples of health care providers. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) The "Standard for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information (also called the "Privacy Rule")" of HIPPA assures your health information is properly protected while allowing the flow of health information needed to provide and promote high quality health care and to protect the public's health and well being.
High-deductible Medigap policy A type of Medigap policy that has a high deductible but a lower premium. You must pay the deductible before the Medigap policy pays anything. The deductible amount can change each year. Homebound To be homebound means:
Leaving your home isn't recommended because of your condition Your condition keeps you from leaving home without help (like using a wheelchair or walker, needing special transportation, or getting help from another person) Leaving home takes a considerable and taxing effort. You may leave home for medical treatment or short, infrequent absences for non-medical reasons, like attending religious services. You can still get home health care if you attend adult day care. Home health agency An organization that provides home health care. Home health care Health care services and supplies a doctor decides you may receive in your home under a plan of care established by your doctor. Medicare only covers home health care on a limited basis as ordered by your doctor. Hospice A special way of caring for people who are terminally ill. Hospice care involves a team-oriented approach that addresses the medical, physical, social, emotional, and spiritual needs of the patient. Hospice also provides support to the patient's family or caregiver. Hospital care (inpatient) Treatment you get in an acute care hospital, critical access hospital, inpatient rehabilitation facility, long-term care hospital, inpatient care as part of a qualifying research study, and mental health care. Hospital outpatient setting A part of a hospital where you get outpatient services, like an emergency department, observation unit, surgery center, or pain clinic. Hospital-related medical condition Any condition that was treated during your qualifying 3-day inpatient hospital stay, even if it wasn't the reason you were admitted to the hospital.
Independent reviewer An organization (sometimes called an Independent Review Entity or IRE) that has no connection to your Medicare health plan or Medicare Prescription Drug Plan. Medicare contracts with the IRE to review your case if you appeal your plan's payment or coverage decision or if your plan doesn't make a timely appeals decision. Initial coverage limit Once you have met your yearly deductible, you will pay a copayment or coinsurance for each covered drug until you reach your plan's out-of-pocket maximum (or initial coverage limit). You will then enter your plan's coverage gap (also called the "donut hole"). In-network Doctors, hospitals, pharmacies, and other health care providers that have agreed to provide members of a certain insurance plan with services and supplies at a discounted price. In some insurance plans, your care is only covered if you get it from in-network doctors, hospitals, pharmacies, and other health care providers. Inpatient care Health care that you get when you're admitted to a health care facility, like a hospital or skilled nursing facility. Inpatient hospital services Services you get when you're admitted to a hospital, including bed and board, nursing services, diagnostic or therapeutic services, and medical or surgical services. Inpatient prospective payment system (IPPS) Hospitals that have contracted with Medicare to provide acute inpatient care and accept a predetermined rate as payment in full. Inpatient rehabilitation facility A hospital, or part of a hospital, that provides an intensive rehabilitation program to inpatients. Large group health plan In general, a group health plan that covers employees of either an employer or employee organization that has 100 or more employees. Lifetime reserve days In Original Medicare, these are additional days that Medicare will pay for when you are in a hospital for more than 90 days. You have a total of 60 reserve days that can be used during your lifetime. For each lifetime reserve day, Medicare pays all covered costs except for a daily coinsurance.
Limiting charge In Original Medicare, the highest amount of money you can be charged for a covered service by doctors and other health care suppliers who don't accept assignment. The limiting charge is 15% over Medicare's approved amount. The limiting charge only applies to certain services and doesn't apply to supplies or equipment. Living will A legal document also known as a medical directive or advance directive. It states your wishes regarding life-support or other medical treatment in certain circumstances, usually when death is imminent. Long-term care A variety of services that help people with their medical and non-medical needs over a period of time. Long-term care can be provided at home, in the community, or in various types of facilities, including nursing homes and assisted living facilities. Most long-term care is custodial care. Medicare doesn't pay for this type of care if this is the only kind of care you need. Long-term care hospital Acute care hospitals that provide treatment for patients who stay, on average, more than 25 days. Most patients are transferred from an intensive or critical care unit. Services provided include comprehensive rehabilitation, respiratory therapy, head trauma treatment, and pain management. Long-term care ombudsman An independent advocate (supporter) for nursing home and assisted living facility residents who works to solve problems between residents and nursing homes or assisted living facilities. They may be able to provide information about home health agencies in their area. Medicaid A joint federal and state program that helps with medical costs for some people with limited income and resources. Medicaid programs vary from state to state, but most health care costs are covered if you qualify for both Medicare and Medicaid. Medicaid-certified provider A health care provider (like a home health agency, hospital, nursing home, or dialysis facility) that has been approved by Medicaid. Providers are approved or "certified" if they have passed an inspection conducted by a state government agency. Medical emergency When you believe you have an injury or illness that requires immediate medical attention to prevent a disability or death.
Medically necessary Services or supplies that are needed for the diagnosis or treatment of your medical condition and meet accepted standards of medical practice. Medical underwriting The process that an insurance company uses to decide, based on your medical history, whether to take your application for insurance, whether to add a waiting period for pre-existing conditions (if your state law allows it), and how much to charge you for that insurance. Medicare Medicare is the federal health insurance program for people who are age 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease (permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or a transplant, sometimes called ESRD). Medicare Administrative Contractor (MAC) A company that processes claims for Medicare. Medicare Advantage Plan (Part C) A Medicare Advantage Plan is a type of Medicare health plan offered by a private company that contracts with Medicare to provide you with all your Part A and Part B benefits. Medicare Advantage Plans include Health Maintenance Organizations, Preferred Provider Organizations, Private Fee-for-Service Plans, Special Needs Plans, and Medicare Medical Savings Account Plans. If you're enrolled in a Medicare Advantage Plan, Medicare services are covered through the plan and aren't paid for under Original Medicare. Most Medicare Advantage Plans offer prescription drug coverage. Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug (MA-PD) Plan A Medicare Advantage plan that offers Medicare prescription drug coverage (Part D), Part A, and Part B benefits in one plan. Medicare-approved amount In Original Medicare, this is the amount a doctor or supplier that accepts assignment can be paid. It may be less than the actual amount a doctor or supplier charges. Medicare pays part of this amount and you’re responsible for the difference. Medicare-approved supplier A company, person, or agency that has been certified by Medicare to give you a medical item or service, except when you're an inpatient in a hospital or skilled nursing facility. Medicare-certified provider A health care provider (like a home health agency, hospital, nursing home, or dialysis facility) that has been approved by Medicare. Providers are approved or "certified" by Medicare if they
have passed an inspection conducted by a state government agency. Medicare only covers care given by providers who are certified. Medicare Coordination of Benefits Contractor The company that acts on behalf of Medicare to collect and manage information on other types of insurance or coverage that a person with Medicare may have, and determine whether the coverage pays before or after Medicare. Medicare Cost Plan A type of Medicare health plan available in some areas. In a Medicare Cost Plan, if you get services outside of the plan's network without a referral, your Medicare-covered services will be paid for under Original Medicare (your Cost Plan pays for emergency services or urgently needed services). Medicare Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Plan A type of Medicare Advantage Plan (Part C) available in some areas of the country. In most HMOs, you can only go to doctors, specialists, or hospitals on the plan's list except in an emergency. Most HMOs also require you to get a referral from your primary care physician. Medicare health plan A plan offered by a private company that contracts with Medicare to provide Part A and Part B benefits to people with Medicare who enroll in the plan. Medicare health plans include all Medicare Advantage Plans, Medicare Cost Plans, Demonstration/Pilot Programs, and Programs of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE). Medicare Medical Savings Account (MSA) Plan MSA Plans combine a high deductible Medicare Advantage Plan and a bank account. The plan deposits money from Medicare into the account. You can use the money in this account to pay for your health care costs, but only Medicare-covered expenses count toward your deductible. The amount deposited is usually less than your deductible amount so you generally will have to pay out-of-pocket before your coverage begins. Medicare Part A (Hospital Insurance) Part A covers inpatient hospital stays, care in a skilled nursing facility, hospice care, and some home health care. Medicare Part B (Medical Insurance) Part B covers certain doctors' services, outpatient care, medical supplies, and preventive services.
Medicare plan Any way other than Original Medicare that you can get your Medicare health or prescription drug coverage. This term includes all Medicare health plans and Medicare Prescription Drug Plans. Medicare Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) Plan A type of Medicare Advantage Plan (Part C) available in some areas of the country in which you pay less if you use doctors, hospitals, and other health care providers that belong to the plan's network. You can use doctors, hospitals, and providers outside of the network for an additional cost. Medicare prescription drug coverage (Part D) Optional benefits for prescription drugs available to all people with Medicare for an additional charge. This coverage is offered by insurance companies and other private companies approved by Medicare. Medicare Prescription Drug Plan (Part D) Part D adds prescription drug coverage to Original Medicare, some Medicare Cost Plans, some Medicare Private-Fee-for-Service Plans, and Medicare Medical Savings Account Plans. These plans are offered by insurance companies and other private companies approved by Medicare. Medicare Advantage Plans may also offer prescription drug coverage that follows the same rules as Medicare Prescription Drug Plans. Medicare Private Fee-For-Service (PFFS) Plan A type of Medicare Advantage Plan (Part C) in which you can generally go to any doctor or hospital you could go to if you had Original Medicare, if the doctor or hospital agrees to treat you. The plan determines how much it will pay doctors and hospitals, and how much you must pay when you get care. A Private Fee-For-Service Plan is very different than Original Medicare, and you must follow the plan rules carefully when you go for health care services. When you're in a Private Fee-For-Service Plan, you may pay more or less for Medicare-covered benefits than in Original Medicare. Medicare Savings Program A Medicaid program that helps people with limited income and resources pay some or all of their Medicare premiums, deductibles, and coinsurance. Medicare SELECT A type of Medigap policy that may require you to use hospitals and, in some cases, doctors within its network to be eligible for full benefits.
Medicare Special Needs Plan (SNP) A special type of Medicare Advantage Plan (Part C) that provides more focused and specialized health care for specific groups of people, such as those who have both Medicare and Medicaid, who live in a nursing home, or have certain chronic medical conditions. Medicare Summary Notice (MSN) A notice you get after the doctor or provider files a claim for Part A or Part B services in Original Medicare. It explains what the doctor or provider billed for, the Medicare-approved amount, how much Medicare paid, and what you must pay. Medigap basic benefits Benefits that all Medigap policies must cover, including Part A and Part B coinsurance amounts, blood, and additional hospital benefits not covered by Original Medicare. Medigap Open Enrollment Period A one-time-only, 6-month period when federal law allows you to buy any Medigap policy you want that's sold in your state. It starts in the first month that you're covered under Part B and you're age 65 or older. During this period, you can't be denied a Medigap policy or charged more due to past or present health problems. Some states may have additional open enrollment rights under state law. Medigap policy Medicare Supplement Insurance sold by private insurance companies to fill "gaps" in Original Medicare coverage. Multi-employer plan In general, a group health plan that's sponsored jointly by 2 or more employers. Network pharmacies Pharmacies that have agreed to provide members of certain Medicare plans with services and supplies at a discounted price. In some Medicare plans, your prescriptions are only covered if you get them filled at network pharmacies. Non-preferred pharmacy A pharmacy that's part of a Medicare drug plan's network, but isn't a preferred pharmacy. You may pay higher out-of-pocket costs if you get your prescription drugs from a non-preferred pharmacy instead of a preferred pharmacy. Optional supplemental benefits Services that Medicare doesn't cover, but that a Medicare health plan may choose to offer. If you enroll in a plan with these services, you may choose to buy the services. If you choose to buy these benefits, you will pay for them directly, usually as a premium, copayment, and/or
coinsurance. These services may be offered individually or as a group of services, and they may be different for each Medicare health plan. Original Medicare Original Medicare is fee-for-service coverage under which the government pays your health care providers directly for your Part A and/or Part B benefits. Out-of-network A benefit that may be provided by your Medicare Advantage plan. Generally, this benefit gives you the choice to get plan services from outside of the plan's network of health care providers. In some cases, your out-of-pocket costs may be higher for an out-of-network benefit. Out-of-pocket costs Health or prescription drug costs that you must pay on your own because they aren’t covered by Medicare or other insurance. Outpatient hospital care Medical or surgical care you get from a hospital when your doctor hasn't written an order to admit you to the hospital as an inpatient. Outpatient hospital care may include emergency department services, observation services, outpatient surgery, lab tests, or X-rays. Your care may be considered outpatient hospital care even if you spend the night at the hospital. Pap test A test to check for cancer of the cervix, the opening to a woman's uterus. It's done by removing cells from the cervix. The cells are then prepared so they can be seen under a microscope. Patient lifts A medical device used to lift you from a bed or wheelchair. Pelvic exam An exam to check if internal female organs are normal by feeling their shape and size. Penalty An amount added to your monthly premium for Part B or a Medicare drug plan (Part D) if you don't join when you're first eligible. You pay this higher amount as long as you have Medicare. There are some exceptions. Pharmacy network Pharmacies that have agreed to provide members of certain Medicare plans with services and supplies at a discounted price. In some Medicare plans, your prescriptions are only covered if you get them filled at network pharmacies.
Physical therapy Treatment of an injury or a disease by mechanical means, like exercise, massage, heat, and light treatment. Pilot programs See "demonstrations." Podiatrist Foot doctor Point-of-service option In a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO), this option lets you use doctors and hospitals outside the plan for an additional cost. Power of attorney A medical power of attorney is a document that lets you appoint someone you trust to make decisions about your medical care. This type of advance directive also may be called a health care proxy, appointment of health care agent, or a durable power of attorney for health care. Pre-existing condition A health problem you had before the date that a new insurance policy starts. Preferred pharmacy A pharmacy that's part of a Medicare drug plan's network. You pay lower out-of-pocket costs if you get your prescription drugs from a preferred pharmacy instead of a non-preferred pharmacy. Premium The periodic payment to Medicare, an insurance company, or a health care plan for health or prescription drug coverage. Preventive services Health care to prevent illness or detect illness at an early stage, when treatment is likely to work best (for example, preventive services include Pap tests, flu shots, and screening mammograms). Primary care doctor The doctor you see first for most health problems. He or she makes sure you get the care you need to keep you healthy. He or she also may talk with other doctors and health care providers about your care and refer you to them. In many Medicare Advantage Plans, you must see your primary care doctor before you see any other health care provider.
Prior authorization Approval from a Medicare drug plan that may be required before you fill your prescription for the prescription to be covered by your plan. Programs of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) A special type of health plan that provides all the care and services covered by Medicare and Medicaid as well as additional medically-necessary care and services based on your needs as determined by an interdisciplinary team. PACE serves frail older adults who need nursing home services but are capable of living in the community. PACE combines medical, social, and longterm care services and prescription drug coverage. Protective sensations Feeling in the foot or leg that helps warn you that the skin is being injured. Nerve damage caused by diabetes can cause loss of feeling in the foot or leg, also known as "loss of protective sensations (LOPS)." This may result in skin loss, blisters, or ulcers. Qualified Individual (QI) Program A state program that helps pay Part B premiums for people who have Part A and limited income and resources. Qualified Medicare Beneficiary (QMB) Program A state program that helps pay Part A premiums, Part B premiums, and other cost-sharing (like deductibles, coinsurance, and copayments) for people who have Part A and limited income and resources. Quality Improvement Organization (QIO) A group of practicing doctors and other health care experts paid by the federal government to check and improve the care given to people with Medicare. Recovery contractor A company that acts on behalf of Medicare to obtain repayment when Medicare makes a conditional payment and the other payer is determined to be primary. Referral A written order from your primary care doctor for you to see a specialist or get certain medical services. In many Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), you need to get a referral before you can get medical care from anyone except your primary care doctor. If you don't get a referral first, the plan may not pay for the services. Rehabilitation services Services that help you regain abilities, such as speech or walking, that have been impaired by an illness or injury. These services are given by nurses, and physical, occupational, and speech
therapists. Examples include working with a physical therapist to help you walk and with an occupational therapist to help you get dressed. Religious nonmedical health care institution A facility that provides nonmedical health care items and services to people who need hospital or skilled nursing facility care, but for whom that care would be inconsistent with their religious beliefs. Respite care Temporary care provided in a nursing home, hospice inpatient facility, or hospital so that a family member or friend who is the patient's caregiver can rest or take some time off. Rural health clinic A Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) that provides health care services in rural areas where there is a shortage of health care services. Screening mammogram A medical procedure to check for breast cancer before you or a doctor may be able to find it manually. Secondary payer The insurance policy, plan, or program that pays second on a claim for medical care. This could be Medicare, Medicaid, or other insurance depending on the situation. Service area A geographic area where a health insurance plan accepts members if it limits membership based on where people live. For plans that limit which doctors and hospitals you may use, it's also generally the area where you can get routine (non-emergency) services. The plan may disenroll you if you move out of the plan's service area. Skilled nursing care Care such as intravenous injections that can only be given by a registered nurse or doctor. Skilled nursing facility (SNF) A nursing facility with the staff and equipment to give skilled nursing care and, in most cases, skilled rehabilitative services and other related health services. Skilled nursing facility care Skilled nursing care and rehabilitation services provided on a continuous, daily basis, in a skilled nursing facility (SNF).
Specified Low-Income Medicare Beneficiary (SLMB) Program A state program that helps pay Part B premiums for people who have Part A and limited income and resources. Speech-language therapy (speech-language pathology services) Treatment that helps you strengthen or regain speech, language, and swallowing skills. State Health Insurance Assistance Program (SHIP) A state program that gets money from the federal government to give free local health insurance counseling to people with Medicare. State Insurance Department A state agency that regulates insurance and can provide information about Medigap policies and other private health insurance. State Medical Assistance office A state agency that's in charge of the State's Medicaid program and can give information about programs that help pay medical bills for people with limited income and resources. State Pharmacy Assistance Program (SPAP) A state program that provides help paying for drug coverage based on financial need, age, or medical condition. State Survey Agency A state agency that oversees health care facilities that participate in the Medicare and/or Medicaid programs. The State Survey Agency inspects health care facilities and investigates complaints to ensure that health and safety standards are met. Step therapy A coverage rule used by some Medicare Prescription Drug Plans that requires you to try one or more similar, lower cost drugs to treat your condition before the plan will cover the prescribed drug. Subluxation When one or more of the bones of your spine move out of position. Supplemental Security Income (SSI) A monthly benefit paid by Social Security to people with limited income and resources who are disabled, blind, or age 65 or older. SSI benefits aren't the same as Social Security retirement or disability benefits.
Supplier Generally, any company, person, or agency that gives you a medical item or service, except when you're an inpatient in a hospital or skilled nursing facility. Telemedicine Medical or other health services given to a patient using a communications system (like a computer, telephone, or television) by a practitioner in a location different than the patient's. Tiers Groups of drugs that have a different cost for each group. A drug in a lower tier will cost you less than a drug in a higher tier. TRICARE A health care program for active-duty and retired uniformed services members and their families. TRICARE FOR LIFE (TFL) Expanded medical coverage available to Medicare-eligible uniformed services retirees age 65 or older, their eligible family members and survivors, and certain former spouses. TTY A teletypewriter (TTY) is a communication device used by people who are deaf, hard-of-hearing, or have a severe speech impairment. People who don't have a TTY can communicate with a TTY user through a message relay center (MRC). An MRC has TTY operators available to send and interpret TTY messages. Urgently needed care Care that you get outside of your Medicare health plan's service area for a sudden illness or injury that needs medical care right away but isn’t life threatening. If it’s not safe to wait until you get home to get care from a plan doctor, the health plan must pay for the care. Workers' compensation A plan that employers are required to have to cover employees who get sick or injured on the job.
This glossary explains terms in the Medicare program, but it isn't a legal document. The official Medicare program provisions are found in the relevant laws, regulations, and rulings. For updated information and terms, please visit
http://medicare.gov/glossary/a.html
