MELJUN CORTES Computing Fundamentals

+
Computing Fundamental s
MELJUN CORTES,MBA,MPA MELJUN CORTES,MBA,MPA
Chapter 1

Computer Concepts

+ Overview


Explain Computer Literacy Define Hardware & Software Identify Computer Components Differentiate Various Software Types Differentiate Computer Platforms

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+ A World of Computers


Notable Technology Prognostications

 “I


think there is a world market for maybe five computers.”
Thomas Watson, Chairman of IBM, 1943

 “Computers


in the future may weigh no more than one and a half tons.”
Popular Mechanics, 1949

 “There


is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home.”
Ken Olson, President of DEC, 1977

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+ A World of Computers


Computer Use

 Everywhere
 Impact

Virtually Everyone  Creation, Collection, Dissemination
 

Price/Power Competition

 Computer


Literacy
of Computers and Their Uses

 Understanding

Technical Knowledge Not Required

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+ What Is A Computer?


Computer Definition

 Electronic
 Controlled

Machine
by Instructions in its Own Memory

 Accepts
 Raw

Data Data Into Information

Facts, Figures, & Symbols that is Organized, Meaningful, and Useful

 Processes
 Data

 Produces

& Stores Results

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+ What Is A Computer?


Information Processing Cycle

 Input

— Accepts Data — Manipulate Data

 Processing  Output

— Produce Results — Store Results — Send Results to Others

 Storage

 Communication

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+ What Is A Computer?


Hardware & Software

 Hardware
 Electronic

& Mechanical Equipment

 Software
 Instructions

that Tell Hardware How to do Tasks

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+ Hardware


Common Hardware Components

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+ Hardware


System Unit

 Box-like

Device
Electronic Components

 Contains



Connected to Motherboard

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+ Hardware


Input Devices

 Used
     

to Enter Data & Instructions

Keyboard Mouse Scanner Digital Camera Video Camera Microphone

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+ Hardware


Processing

 Memory


Temporary Storage for Data & Instructions

 Central
 

Processing Unit (CPU)

Carries Out Instructions Tells Computer What to Do

 Attached

to Motherboard

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+ Hardware


Output Devices

 Conveys

Information to User



Monitor Printer Speakers



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+ Hardware


Storage

 Holds

Data & Instructions for Future Use

 Media


Physical Material

 Device


Reads / Writes Data

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+ Hardware


Communications Devices

 Establishes  Use

Connection Between Computers

Telephone Lines, Cables, & Satellites



Modem


Converts Digital Signals to Analog & Vice Versa

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+ Hardware


Networks

 Collection


of Connected Computers / Devices

Share Resources
  

Hardware Software Data & Information



Save Time & Money

 Internet


Worldwide Network Linking Millions of Computers

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+ Software


Systems Software

 Controls

Computer Operations & Hardware System

 Operating
  

Set of Programs Coordinates Activities Among Hardware Devices Allows Users to Run Application Software

 Utility


Programs

Allow Users to Perform Maintenance-type Tasks

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+ Software


Application Software

 Performs
    

Specific Tasks for Users

Word Processing Spreadsheet Database Presentation Personal Information Management (PIM)

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+ Software


Installation

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+ Software


Programs

 Series

of Instructions

 Tells

Computer What to Do

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+ Advantages & Disadvantages


Computer Advantages

 Speed  Reliability  Consistency  Storage  Communications

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+ Advantages & Disadvantages


Computer Disadvantages

 Violation  Crime  Impact  Health  Impact

of Privacy

on Labor Force Risks on Environment

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+ Platforms


Personal Computers

 Desktops


PCs & Compatibles


Windows OS



Apple


Macintosh OS

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+ Platforms


Personal Computers

 Notebook

 AKA

Laptop

 Tablet

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+ Platforms


Mobile Computers

 PDA

 Smart

Phone

 Handheld

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+ Platforms


Computer Platforms

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+ Industry Applications


Education

 Distance


Learning

Finance

 Online


Banking & Investing, Tax Prep

Government

 911


Dispatching, Squad Notebooks Patient Records, PPID

Healthcare

 Electronic

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+ Industry Applications


Science

 Collect,


Analyze, & Model Data PDF Manuals, MP3s Systems, Reservations, EInventory, Quality Control

Publishing

 E-books,


Travel

 Navigation

tickets



Manufacturing

 Production,

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