Mental Health

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MENTAL HEALTHPsychiatric NursingINTRODUCTION PSYCHIATRIC NURSING Psychiatricnursing is a process whereby the nurse assists the person as individuals or in groups, to develop a more positive self-concept, a more satisfying pattern of interpersonal relationships, & a more satisfying role in society. (Taylor) PsychiatricNursing is an interpersonal process whereby the professional nurse practitioner assists an individual, family or community to promote mental health, to prevent or

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MENTAL HEALTH
Psychiatric Nursing

INTRODUCTION


PSYCHIATRIC NURSING

Psychiatric

nursing is a process whereby the nurse assists the person as individuals or in groups, to develop a more positive self-concept, a more satisfying pattern of interpersonal relationships, & a more satisfying role in society. (Taylor)

Psychiatric

Nursing is an interpersonal process whereby the professional nurse practitioner assists an individual, family or community to promote mental health, to prevent or cope with the experience of mental illness and suffering and if necessary, to find meaning in these experiences. (Travelbee, 1970)

Psychiatric

Nursing/ Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing is a specialized area of nursing practice employing theories of human behavior as its science & purposeful use of self as its art. It is directed toward both preventive & corrective impacts upon mental disorders & their sequelae, & is concerned with the promotion of optimal mental health for society, the community & those individuals who live within it. (American Nurses Association)

Psychiatric

Nursing is the provision of nursing care to patients where the major therapeutic goal is the prevention, detection, treatment & rehabilitation of psychiatric disorders. (Matheney & Topalis)

EMPHASIS OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING
1. Interpersonal process & relationships 2. Concerning bodily functions 3. Client·s feelings about himself & other people 4. Social relationships 5. Responses to his environment 6. Coping with the everyday problems of life


FUNDAMENTAL GOALS OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING
1. Help the client accept himself 2. Improve his relationship with other people 3. Learn to function independently on a realistic basis


THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN PSYCHIATRIC NURSING
1. Psychological & biophysical sciences 2. Theories of personality & human behavior 3. Psychiatric concepts 4. Communication techniques


MENTAL HEALTH

MENTAL HEALTH


Mental Health is the simultaneous success at working, loving & creating with the capacity for mature & flexible resolution of conflicts between instincts, conscience, other people & reality. (American Psychiatric Association) Mental Health is the successful adaptation to stressors from the internal or external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, & behaviors that are age-appropriate & congruent with local & cultural norms. (Townsend) Mental health implies mastery in the areas of life involving love, work & play.







Mental health is the best adjustment an individual can make at a given time, based on his internal (feelings, values, skills, talents) & external resources (supportive family members, friends, educational background, financial resources). Mental Health is a state of emotional, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective behavior and coping, positive self concept, and emotional stability. (Videbeck)



5 FREEDOM THAT MENTALLY HEALTHY
INDIVIDUAL DEMONSTRATE The freedom to see & hear what is here instead of what should be, was or will be. The freedom to say what one feels & thinks. The freedom to feel what one feels. The freedom to ask for what one wants instead of always waiting for permission. The freedom to take risks in one·s own behalf, instead of choosing to be only ´secureµ & not rocking the boat.


INDICATORS OF MENTAL HEALTH
1. A positive attitude toward self.


An objective view of self. Knowledge & acceptance of strengths & limitations. A strong sense of personal identity. A sense of security within the environment.

2. Growth, development & the ability to achieve self actualization


Correlates (Erikson)

with

the

developmental

tasks

achieved

3. Integration.


Ability to adaptively respond to the environment Development of a philosophy of life Maintenance of equilibrium/balance among various life processes

4. Autonomy


Ability to perform in an independent, self-directed manner Makes choices & accepts responsibility for the outcomes

5. Perception of Reality


Perception of the environment without distortion Capacity for empathy & social sensitivity Respect & concern for the wants & needs of others

6. Environmental Mastery




Achievement of a satisfactory role within a group, society or environment Able to love & accept the love of others Able to strategize, make decisions, change, adjust & adapt.

FINALLY

A mentally healthy individual finds meaning in life.

MENTAL ILLNESS

MENTAL ILLNESS


Mental illness is the inability of the person to effectively adjust to life as demonstrated by the use of multiple coping mechanisms, which do not buffer the individual from profound psychic insults. In mental illness, the person is unaware of himself (real self). The person utilizes many layers of protective behavior (defense mechanism) that he remains unaware of his uncomfortable feelings without achieving release from psychic pain or anxiety.





If a person is unsuccessful in dealing with environmental stresses because of faulty inherited characteristics, poor nurturing during childhood, or negative life circumstances, mental illness may develop. An illness with psychologic or behavioral manifestations &/or impairment in functioning due to a social, psychologic, genetic, physical chemical or biologic disturbance (American Psychiatric Association)



Misconception about Mental Illness


Abnormal behavior is different or odd, easily recognized. Abnormal behavior can be predicted & evaluated. Internal forces are responsible for abnormal behavior. People who exhibit abnormal behavior are dangerous. Maladaptive behavior is inherited. Mental illness is incurable.







HISTORICAL

PERSPECTIVE

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