MSU IIT KASAMA Electronic Voting System
Content
MSU-IIT KASAMA Electronic Voting Voting System: Redesigning R edesigning Through a User -Centered Approach
An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the th e Information Technology Technology Department Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology Technology
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Technology
By
Castillo, Jansen P. Celdran, Raoul Kristoffer D. General, Nathaniel A.
Romelyn I. Ungab Faculty Adviser
October 2014
ABSTRACT Every year, the Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technlogy (MSU -IIT) conducts elections for the officers of the Kataas-Taasang Sanggunian ng mga Mag-aaral (KASAMA) and College Executive Councils (CECs). The election of these students is important for they represent the whole student body of the institute and are responsible for organizing, coordinating, and directing student affairs in the institute. A number of systems have been developed for automating the manual process of elections, with the most recent one tested during the 2013 KASAMA elections at the School of Computer Studies (SCS). The goal of this study is to redesign the recent KASAMA Electronic Voting System by addressing problems encountered by previous systems which led to their unsuccessful deployment. Through a user-centered approach, the researchers aim to develop a system that is responsive, simple, and easy to use while providing the necessary capabilities for a successful deployment. A user testing of 44 participants was conducted to evaluate the system and provide feedbacks that helped the researchers improve the system. After the testing and updating of the system based on the participants feedback, information gathered by the researchers provided signs of positive improvement on the latter.
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We, the proponents of this project, are very thankful... than kful... To God the most high and our infinite provider, the one who we believe in. We thank You for giving usthe strength to finish our study and meet our deadlines, for without You we would not have been able to. To our energetic, kind and supportive adviser Prof. Romelyn I. Ungab, for always believing that we can do better and for serving as an inspiration for us to get the best results for our study. To our panelists, Prof. Aloha Cristopher H. Ambe and Sir Erik Louwe R. Sala, this study would have been anything less without your corrections and suggestions, we thank you for your guidance. To our friend Demby Abella, for your help on SQL and normalizations. Our project would have been incomplete without the principles for backend programming that you imparted on us. To our close friends and loved ones, Liz, Irene, and Ica, we are grateful and thankful for your support, you were always our "source of o f constant strength and inspiration". To our batch mates, it is sad to think about the separation and the memories that we had for years. Our paths may change, but the connections and bonds will always be there, no matter the distance. Last but not the least, to our parents, brothers and sisters, and the people we love and those who love us, thank you for your continual support and for understanding our lives as students. We are grateful that we were able to conquer another chapter of our lives and be ready for the next; without you, this would have h ave been far from being possible.
- Jansen, Raoul, Nathaniel ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I: RESEARCH DESCRIPTION .....................................................
1
1.1 Background of the Study ........................................................................ ............................................ ............................
1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ....................................................................... .................................................. .....................
9
1.3 General Objective ................................................................................... .............................................. .....................................
9
1.3.1 Specific Objectives ................................................ .................................................................. ..................
9
1.4 Scope and Limitations of the Study ........................................................ .......................................... ..............
9
1.5 Significance of the Study ........................................................................ ............................................... .........................
10
1.6 Definition of Terms .............................................. ................................................................................ ..................................
10
CHAPTER CHAPT ER II: REVIEW OF RELATED RELATED LITERATURE LITERATURE ................................
13
2.1 Web Design ........................................................................................... .......................................... .................................................
13
2.1.1 Flat Design ....................................................................................... ......................................... ..............................................
14
2.2 User-Centered Design ........................................................................ ................................... .....................................
14
2.2.1 Design for Situation Awareness: An Approach to User-Centered Design
14
2.2.2 A User-Centered Approach to Web Design for Mobile Devices
15
1. Assess Current Situation .................................................... ........................................................... ....... 2. Understanding Your Users ....................................................... ........................................... ............
16 16
3. Prioritize Mobile Users ............................................................ .................................................... ........
17
4. Design With Mobile Considerations ........................................
17
2.2.3 User-Centered Design (UCD) - 6 Methods .................................
18
2.3 Electronic Voting Systems .................................................................. ............................................... ...................
21
2.3.1 KASAMA Electronic Voting System (2013) ...............................
21
2.3.1.1 Screenshots of the System ..................................................... ............................................ .........
22 iii
2.3.2 MSU-IIT KASAMA Electronic Voting System (2012) ...............
24
2.3.3 MSU-IIT KASAMA Online Voting and Tabulating System .......
27
2.3.4 KASAMA Election System (KASAMA-ES) ..............................
28
2.4 Summary of Related System .............................................................. ............................................ ..................
29
CHAPTER CHAPT ER III: CONCEPTUAL CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FRAMEWORK .........................................
32
3.1 MSU-IIT KASAMA Electronic Voting System (2013) .....................
33
3.2 ADDIE Model .................................................................................... .......................................... ..........................................
34
3.2.1 Analysis Phase ............................................................................. ................................................ .............................
35
3.2.2 Learner Analysis .......................................................................... ................................................. .........................
35
3.2.3 Content Analysis .......................................................................... ...................................................... ....................
35
3.2.3.1 Administrator Module........................................................... Module................................................... ........
36
3.2.3.2 Board of Election Inspector Module.....................................
36
3.2.3.3 Student Module ................................................... .................................................................... .................
36
3.2.4 System Design ............................................................................. .......................................... ...................................
37
3.2.4.1 Graphic Design ..................................................................... .......................................... ...........................
37
1. Color .................................................... ......................................................................................... .....................................
37
2. Color Harmony ......................................................................... ......................................... ................................
38
3.2.5 Web-Based Development Tools .................................................. ................................................ .. 3.2.5.1 Front-End Development ........................................... ....................................................... ............
40 40
3.3 Interactivity ........................................................................................ .................................. ......................................................
41
3.3.1 Text Input .................................................................................... .................................................. ..................................
41
3.3.2 Mouse Click .................................................... ................................................................................ ............................
41
3.4 Implementation and Evaluation ..................................................... ......................................................... ....
42
3.4.1 System Evaluation ...................................................... ...................................................................... ................
42
3.4.1.1 User-Centered Testing and Evaluation ................................
42 iv
CHAPTER CHAPT ER IV: DESIGN .................................................................................. .................................................. ................................
44
4.1 Overview of the System .................................................................... ................................................ ....................
44
4.2 Theoretical Framework ................................................... .................................................................... .................
44
4.3 Deployment Diagram ................................................ ....................................................................... .......................
46
4.3.1 Distributed Database ................................................................ ................................................ ................
47
4.4 Flowcharts ..................................................... ........................................................................................ ...................................
48
CHAPTER CHAPT ER V: RESULTS RESULTS AND DISCUSSION DISCUSSION ...........................................
53
5.1 Test Results ..................................................................................... ................................................... ..................................
53
5.2 User-Centered Test and Results ...................................................... ............................................. .........
53
5.2.1 Post-Task Results ..................................................................... ...................................................... ...............
54
5.2.2 Post-Test Results ............................................... ...................................................................... .......................
58
5.2.3 Summary of Results ................................................................. .................................................... .............
63
CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..... ........... ......... ...
65
6.1 Conclusion ................................................ ...................................................................................... ......................................
65
6.2 Recommendations ........................................................................... ....................................................... ....................
66
BIBLIOGRAPH BIBLIOG RAPHY Y ............................................. .......................................................................................... .............................................
67
APPENDIX APPEND IX A ................................................................................................. .......................................... .......................................................
69
APPENDIX APPEND IX B ...................................................... ................................................................................................. ...........................................
70
APPENDIX APPEND IX C ................................................................................................. ................................................. ................................................
71
APPENDIX APPEND IX D ................................................................................................. .......................................... .......................................................
72
APPENDIX APPEND IX E ................................................. ................................................................................................. ................................................
73
APPENDIX APPEND IX F ............................................................................................... ........................................ ......................................................... ..
75
APPENDIX APPEND IX G .................................. .......................................................................................... .............................................................. ......
77
APPENDIX H ................................................................................................
87
APPENDIX APPEND IX I ............................................................................................. ........................................... ....................................................... .....
90 v
USER MANUAL MANUAL ......................................................................................... ........................................ ................................................. ..
97
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.3.1 User-Centered Design (UCD) - 6 Methods ....................................
19
Table 2.3.2 User Interface ................................................................................. ................................................... ..............................
25
Table 2.3.3 Business Rules ............................................... ............................................................................... ................................
26
Table 2.4 Summary of Related System ............................................................. .............................................. ...............
29
Table 3.2.1 Common Color Meanings .............................................................. ........................................... ...................
38
vi
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1.1 KASAMA organization chart ......................................................... ............................................. ............
4
Figure 1.1.2 Filing of candidacy flowchart ......................................................... ................................................ .........
5
Figure 1.1.3 Voting flowchart ............................................................................. .............................................. ...............................
6
Figure 1.1.4 Counting flowchart ......................................................................... ................................................ .........................
7
Figure 1.1.5 Fishbone Diagram of the problem .................................................. ......................................... .........
8
Figure 2.2.2 A User-Centered Approach to Web Design for Mobile Devices ...
16
Figure 2.3.1 Login Screen ................................................................................... ................................................. ..................................
23
Figure 2.3.2 Add Candidate Screen .................................................................... ............................................ ........................
23
Figure 2.3.3 Ballot ............................................................................................. .............................................. ...............................................
24
Figure 3 Conceptual Framework ................................................... ......................................................................... ......................
32
Figure 3.2 ADDIE Model .................................................................................... ................................................ ....................................
34
Figure 3.2.1 A color scheme based on analogous colors .....................................
39
Figure 3.2.2 A color scheme based on complementary colors ............................
39
Figure 3.2.3 A color scheme based on nature ..................................................... .......................................... ...........
39
Figure 4.2 Theoretical Framework ...................................................................... .............................................. ........................ Figure 4.3 Deployment Diagram ......................................................................... ...................................... ...................................
45 47
Figure 4.4.1 Main Administrator (DSA) flowchart .............................................
48
Figure 4.4.2 Student Administrator flowchart ................................................ ..................................................... .....
50
Figure 4.4.3 BEI flowchart .................................................................................. ................................................... ...............................
51
Figure 4.4.4 Student (Voter) flowchart ................................................................ ................................................. ...............
52
Figure 5.1 Percentage of Participant Turnouts ............................................... .................................................... .....
53
Figure 5.2.1 Login Process .................................................................................. ....................................................... ...........................
54 vii
Figure 5.2.2 Search Student ................................................................................ ............................................. ...................................
55
Figure 5.2.3 Voting for KASAMA and EC officers ...........................................
55
Figure 5.2.4 Viewing Election Candidates .......................................... ......................................................... ...............
56
Figure 5.2.5 Editing student information (ID number, password, account type)
56
Figure 5.2.6 Viewing/printing election results ................................................... ................................................. ..
57
Figure 5.2.7 Logout Process ............................................................................... ................................................... ............................
58
Figure 5.2.8 Website Navigation ............................................... ........................................................................ .........................
59
Figure 5.2.9 Ease of procedures ......................................................................... ......................................... ................................
59
Figure 5.2.10 User Interface ............................................................................... ......................................... ......................................
60
Figure 5.2.11 System Satisfaction .................................................. ...................................................................... ....................
61
Figure 5.2.12 Adaptability to the System ........................................................... .......................................... .................
61
Figure 5.2.13 Opinion on Providing Speedy Elections ......................................
62
Figure 5.2.14 Usefulness of the System ............................................. ............................................................. ................
63
viii
CHAPTER I RESEARCH DESCRIPTION
Electronic voting (also known as e-voting) is voting using electronic systems to aid casting and counting votes. E-voting technology techn ology can include punched p unched cards, optical scan voting systems and specialized voting kiosks kiosks which can can also involve transmission of ballots and votes via telephones, private computer networks, or the Internet. In 2004, a 30 percentage estimate of the voting population in the United States used some form of e-voting technology, including direct electronic recording (DER) touch screens or optical scanners, to record their vote vo te for President. Electronic votes are stored digitally in a storage medium such as a tape cartridge, diskette, or smart card before being sent to a centralized location where tabulation programs compile and tabulate results. Advocates of e-voting point out that electronic voting can reduce election costs and increase civic participation by making the voting process more convenient. Critics maintain that without a paper trail, recounts are more difficult and electronic ballot manipulation, or even poorly-written programming code, could affect election results (Rouse, 2011). 1.1 Background of the Study
According to Gibbins (2013), election is “ the formal process of selecting a person for
public office or of accepting or rejecting a political proposition by voting”. The election for the student council of Mindanao State University- Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT) involves the office of the Department of Student Affairs (DSA). (DSA). The DSA is the office in the Institute which is responsible for providing programs that will enhance the growth and development of the students. It also supervises and regulates student activities of campus-based organizations as well as assist student leaders. DSA is also
1
responsible for conducting the annual election for the Kataas-taasang Sanggunian ng mga Magaaral (KASAMA) which also includes the election for the College Executive Council (CEC). The KASAMA is the supreme student council of MSU-IIT. It is composed of a president, a vice president and 12 senators who govern in the Institute level. They represent the students in all policymaking body of the Institute when necessary, as well as represent the students in the external student affairs. KASAMA is also responsible for organizing, coordinating and directing student activities in the Institute. Under KASAMA is the CEC. It is composed of a governor, a vice governor and 8 board members. These officers govern in the College level down to the Department level. The CEC also supervises programs and activities conducted by various departments depa rtments under its jurisdiction. Before an election is conducted, interested students to run for a position in the election are required to fill up and submit a Certificate of Candidacy (COC) on or before a given deadline. The COC contains the name of the applicant, the college, the position and the party list. Together with the Certificate of Registration (COR) and the Certificate of Good Moral Character, the COC will then be submitted to the office of the DSA. After the deadline of the submission of COC’s, the DSA examines each COC. The office
approves or disapproves the application under given qualifications. The complete qualifications are stated in Section 1 of Article IX of the Constitution and By-Laws of the KASAMA (See Appendix F). Official candidates are now given a maximum of 15 days to campaign. Last day of campaign will be on the day before the election.
2
The election is conducted every3 rd Friday of February and will be held in secret balloting. Enrolled students in the Institute are given the right to vote and elect a new set of officers who will govern for the next academic year. year. Each college has their own precinct. On the day of the election, the voter which is the student will look for their name in the master list provided. After the voter found his or her name, he or she will proceed to the member of the COMELEC assigned in the precinct. The voter will sign on the space before his or her name on the copy of the master list and then the voter is then given a ballot. After the voter casts his or her vote, the ballot is dropped into the ballot box and the voter leaves the precinct. After the voting period is closed, ballot boxes from all schools and colleges are brought to an area where members of the COMELEC can start the manual counting. One member examines each ballot and speaks the name of the candidate who gets the vote. A vote is represented by a tally stick. Another member of the COMELEC tallies the vote on a sheet of paper and another member on a sheet of Manila paper. After the last ballot has been examined and the last vote has been tallied, members of the COMELEC then count the total number of votes by counting the total number of tally sticks recorded. The DSA releases the official o fficial results and proclaims the winners of the election.
3
Figure 1.1.1: KASAMA organizational chart
4
Figure 1.1.2: Filing of candidacy flowchart
Figure 1.1.2 shows the required documents for the manual filing of candidacy process in the DSA. It is required first that that the student is enrolled in the following semester to avail a COR which is one the requirements for filing, and in the end the DSA will be the one to determine if the student is qualified or otherwise.
5
Figure 1.1.3: Voting flowchart
Figure 1.1.3 shows the requirements and the flow of the manual voting which is still being practiced now in MSU-IIT. The student has to go to the Board of Election Inspector (BEI) to look for his/her name and sign it to get the ballot and after voting the student will have to drop the ballot to the ballot box. 6
Figure 1.1.4: Counting flowchart
Figure 1.1.4 shows the manual counting flow of the KASAMA election. One COMELEC member states the name of a candidate in the ballot with a vote while the other member tallies the vote on sheet of manila paper, the flow keeps on looping until the ballot has been tallied.
7
Figure 1.1.5: Fishbone Diagram of the problem
Figure 1.1.5 shows the recent system of 2013 KASAMA election which was tested to 44 respondents during the KASAMA election 2013 at the School of Computer Studies (SCS) where there was an automated implementation during the voting process from the President to Senators yet did not cover on the CEC local election. The problems about the system are illustrated on the diagram above, the people are still not satisfied with the systems mobile unresponsiveness, undistributed database for other colleges to avail the system, date setting of election without user-interface, adding of candidates and no option for voting on BEI's. For full details of the results and comments on last year's 2013 test results (See Appendix G).
8
1.2
Statement of the Problem
Users of the 2013 KASAMA Electronic Voting System encountered difficulties in using the system with respect to its user interface, design, and features. These factors caused the system’s limited capabilities in terms of user’s satisfaction during its initial deployment. 1.3
General Objective
To redesign the 2013 KASAMA Electronic Voting System through a user-centered design approach that is responsive, simple and easy user interface for its intended users while providing the necessary capabilities for an improved deployment.
1.3.1 Specific Objectives
The following specific objectives are necessary to attain the general objective: 1. To use Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) as the backbone of a website development process. 2. To use Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) for modifying the look and the format of the system. 3. To use flat design in the design of the menu and the content of the system. 4. To develop a mobile responsive user interface using Bootstrap 3. 5. To evaluate the system through user testing. 1.4 Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on the redesigning of previous electronic voting systems in MSU-IIT especially the 2013 KASAMA Electronic Voting System in terms of the user interface and improvement of the overall user experience. This study does not cover the actual deployment of the system throughout the institute, although providing the necessary capabilities for such deployment is included. Furthermore, profound methodologies for security aspects such as
9
database and network security that accompanies with an actual deployment is not included in the study. 1.5 Significance of the Study
The redesigned KASAMA Electronic Voting System will help resolve issues encountered by the previous system, help speed up elections, and improve the overall user experience. This study will develop a system that aims to help eliminate human error in the manual counting of votes and input of candidates. Since the counting of votes is automated, the manipulation can be prevented.
User-centered design approach is a less chartered design path among Information Technology students in this Institution. There is less emphasis on user’s needs in system design.
This study will serve as a reference for other researchers that aim to improve user experience in their studies.
1.6 Definition of Terms
1. Distributed Database - the main database will be designated for the DSA’s office and
the rest will be distributed to each college in the university. 2. Main Administrator – this main administrator is the Commission on Elections Ex-
Officio Chairman of the KASAMA. KASAMA. 3. Student Administrator - the student administrator is the one assigned by the main
administrator for each college and handle the elections on his/her precinct. 4. Board of Election Inspector – the BEI is the one assigned by the DSA to assist in
handling the elections.
10
5. Student Voter - a voter is a bona fide student of MSU-IIT enrolled in the semester at
the time the election was held. To be able to vote, the student must approach the BEI on the precinct to ask for his/her password to login. 6. HTML - HTML is an acronym for Hypertext Markup Language. According to
Margaret Rouse in 2005, HTML is referred to the set of markup symbols or codes inserted in a file intended for display on a World Wide Web browser page. The markup tells the Web browser how to display a Web page's pa ge's words and images for the user. 7. Bootstrap - Bootstrap is a collection of tools for creating websites and web
applications ( Pulse the heartbeat of BootstrapCDN , 2013). It contains HTML and
CSS-based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation and other interface components, as well as optional JavaScript exte nsions (“Twitter Bootstrap : LESS is more”, 2013).
8. Web Design - refers to the production and maintenance of websites. It encompasses
different skills and principles such as graphic design, interface design, and user experience design. Web design normally describes the design process of the front-end (client side) design of a website with the use of markup language.
9. Flat Design - a style of interface design in which elements, such as boxes, image
frames, and buttons, lose any type of stylistic characters such as drop shadows, gradients, or textures that give them a three-dimensional look (The Next Web, 2014).
10. User-Centered Design - a process not constrained to interfaces or technologies in
which the needs, wants, and limitations of end users of a product, service, system or process are given extensive attention at each stage of the design process. 11
11. CSV File - CSV stands for Comma Separated Values. It stores tabular data into plain
text separating each value with a comma which is a file extension that will be read in the database that contains the list of enrolled students on the current semester.
12
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
A formal and organized process of electing or being elected, especially of members of a political body (Harper, 2010). 2010). KASAMA election is held annually for the government body of the students who studies in MSU-IIT composed of a President, Vice President, Senators and the College Executive Council composed of a Governor, Vice Governor and Board members. 2.1
Web Design
Web design generally refers to the production and maintenance of websites. It encompasses different skills and principles such as graphic design, interface design, and user experience design. Web design normally describes the design process of the front-end (client side) design of a website with the use of markup language. During the early stages of the World Wide Web (late 1980s to early 1990s), websites were generally text heavy. There was no integrated approach to graphic design. With the completion of the browser and the standardization of HTML, as well as the emergence of new technologies such as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and JavaScript, web design evolved in a rapid pace (Niederst, 2006). Web designers utilize various tools in the design process of websites. They are expected to have an awareness of usability and if their role involves creating markup abiding to with web accessibility guidelines (Wikipedia, 2014).
13
2.1.1
Flat Design
According to Turner, flat design is a style of interface design in which elements, such as boxes, image frames, and buttons, lose any type of stylistic characters such as drop shadows, gradients, or textures that give them a three-dimensional look (The Next Web, 2014). Flat design aims to emphasize simplicity, clarity and honesty in materials in user interfaces (Kelsey, 2013). The use of flat design gives a fast and fluid feel that brings a compelling, delightful interface of products (Clayton, 2014).While many websites nowadays use flat design in
their user interfaces, it is also very popular in app and mobile design. Some of the strong examples of flat design implementation are the interfaces of Apples’iOS 7 and Microsoft’s Windows 8 and 8.1.
To develop a mobile user experience that aligns to the needs and expectations of your targeted users, you must involve representative users and their feedback. 2.2
User-Centered Design
User-centered design (UCD) is a process not constrained to interfaces or technologies in which the needs, wants, and limitations of end users of a product, service, system s ystem or process are given extensive attention at each stage of the design process. 2.2.1
Design for Situation Awareness: Awareness: An Approach to User-Centered Design Design
M.R. Endsley and D.G. Jones who are authors of the book Design for Situation Awareness: An Approach to User-Centered Design, this book focuses on user-centered
14
preferences depending on a systems service and situation. It states that the philosophy of usercentered-design is a way of achieving more effective systems that are discussed below:
A design that challenges designers to mold the interface around the capabilities and the
needs of the operator.
Displays information that is centered around the sensors and technologies that produce it,
which also integrates this information in ways that fit the goals, tasks, and needs of the users.
A desire to obtain optimal functioning of the overall human-machine system or the
relationship between the system and the user. As a result of user-centered design, we can greatly reduce errors and improve productivity without requiring significant new technological capabilities. Along with usercentered design also comes improved user acceptance and satisfaction as a side benefit, by removing much of frustration common to today's technologies. User-centered design provides a means for better harnessing information technologies to support human work. 2.2.2
A User-Centered Approach to Web Design for Mobile Devices
V. Friedman and S. Lennartz discusses in this article on the focus of the designers and the users experience for mobile websites accessed from mobile phones with small screens,
though the process can be applied to building apps as well. As a Web designer, the good news is that the process is similar to designing desktop websites with some additional mobile-only considerations that go hand-in-hand with small screens, device features and constraints, and connectivity issues. The user-centered mobile design life cycle can be thought of as an ongoing process as shown below:
15
Figure 2.2.2 A User-Centered Approach to Web Design for Mobile Devices
1. Assess Current Situation
By assessing the current situation, it must be determined to find out and study the target users and what matters to them. The more relevant statistic is on how many of users are accessing website using mobile devices nowadays. Along with the types of devices and operating systems that have been used to access a full desktop site. Dig deeper to understand why these users visit your site using a mobile device on what they are trying to do, and the content and functionality they are using. Not all websites need to go mobile now, but if you realize that you need a mobile website, let’s focus on the reason you need it: your users! 2. Understanding Your Users
User-centered design relies on user involvement throughout the design d esign process, leading to a solution that users will find useful and want to use. To achieve that, you first need to have a 16
clear understanding of your users, grouped into a prioritized set of user groups whose needs can be thought of individually. Identifying your key k ey user groups and creating personas will help you design better for your main users. As you build a detailed picture of your users and their usage patterns. Apart from an understanding of your user and their needs, you will also get a better understanding of the types of mobile devices you have to consider while designing. 3. Prioritize Mobile Users
While evaluating the need for a mobile website, you had a list of features you would like
to offer on your mobile website. Ideally, these requirements would align closely with the user requirements identified during user research. If they do not align, look at the requirements on what value will your system add or relate to the users and to ensure that your requirements meet user needs and goals. Systematically taking into consideration time, effort, and resources available. 4. Design With Mobile Considerations
The basic design steps and principles of desktop website design apply to mobile design, with the addition of a few important mobile design considerations. Mobile devices are personal devices with small screens. As a guide, here are some specific mobile design considerations to pay attention to while designing for a mobile Web:
Design for Smaller Screen Sizes
The most visible difference between a mobile device and a desktop is the screen size. For years, the minimum screen resolution has been increasing since the days of 640 x 480. Mobile phone screen sizes have also been increasing, but even the gorgeous screen of the iPhone 4 is still small in comparison to a standard 1024×768 desktop design. Even though many smartphone
17
browsers today can miniaturize desktop websites, they inadvertently break the user experience by making users zoom in and out.
Simplify Navigation Without a mouse to point and click, mobile users have to rely on tiny keypads, trackballs
and touch to navigate mobile websites. Add in the small screen with the need to complete tasks quickly and efficiently, and clear and intuitive navigation is crucial to the system.
Prioritize Content
Contents must be brief, smaller screen sizes require even more careful attention to the
content displayed to the user. First things first, unnecessary content must be cut and it must be prioritized based on its importance.
Minimize User Input
It's a pain to be involved in entering data on miniscule screens. Feature phones have tedious numeric keypads for input, while smartphones have tiny keyboards, either real or virtual, which are subject to fat-finger errors. 2.2.3
User-Centered Design (UCD) - 6 Methods
T. Fidgeon discusses the stages that are carried out in an iterative fashion, with the cycle being repeated until the project's user-centered objectives have been attained. attained . ISO 13407 outlines 4 essential activities in a user-centered design project:
Requirements gathering - Understanding and specifying the context contex t of use
Requirements specification - Specifying the user and organisational requirements
Design - Producing designs and prototypes
Evaluation - Carrying out user-based assessment of the site
18
The following is a typical top-level characterisation of the most popular user-centered design methods: Table 2.3.1User-Centered Design (UCD) - 6 Methods Me thods
Method
Cost
Output
Sample Size
When to use
Focus Groups
Low
Non-statistical
Low
Requirements gathering
Usability testing
High
Statistical & non- Low
Design
statistical
& evaluation
Card Sorting
High
Statistical
High
Design
Participatory
Low
Non-statistical
Low
Design
Low
Statistical
High
Requirements
Design Questionnaires
gathering & evaluation Interviews
High
Non-statistical
Low
Requirements gathering & evaluation
Focus Groups
A focus group involves encouraging an invited group of intended/actual users of a site (i.e. participants) to share their thoughts, feelings, attitudes and ideas on a certain subject.
19
Organising focus groups within an organisation can also be very useful in getting buy-in to a project from within that company.
Usability Testing
Usability testing sessions evaluate a site by collecting data from people as they use it. A person is invited to attend a session in which they'll be asked to perform a series of tasks while a moderator takes note of any an y difficulties they encounter. Users can be asked to follow the think-aloud protocol which asks them to verbalise what they're doing and why they're doing it.
You can also time users to see how long it takes them to complete tasks, which is a good measure of efficiency (although you should bear in mind that using the 'think aloud' protocol will slow users down considerably). Two specialists' time is normally required per session - one to moderate, one to note problems.
Card Sorting
Card sorting is a method for suggesting intuitive structures/categories. A participant is presented with an unsorted pack of index inde x cards. Each card has a statement written on it that relates to a page of the site. The participant is asked to sort these cards into groups and then to name these groups. The results of multiple individual sorts are then combined and analysed statistically.
Participatory Design
Participatory design does not just ask users opinions on design issues, but actively involves them in the design and decision-making d ecision-making processes.
20
Questionnaires
Questionnaires are a means of asking users for their responses to a pre-defined set of questions and are a good way of generating statistical data.
Interviews
An interview usually involves one interviewer speaking to one participant at a time. The advantages of an interview are that a participant's unique point of view can be explored in detail. It is also the case that any misunderstandings between the interviewer
and the participant are likely to be quickly identified and addressed. The output of an interview is almost exclusively non-statistical - it's critical that reports of interviews are carefully analysed by experienced practitioners. 2.3
Electronic Voting Systems
Electronic voting uses electronic systems to aid in casting and counting votes. Punched cards, optical scan voting systems, and specialized voting kiosks are some of the electronic voting technology currently in use today. Electronic voting may involve transmission of ballots via telephones, computer networks, or the internet. 2.3.1
KASAMA Electronic Voting System (2013)
M.J. Albaran, C.J. Bicoy, and J. Castillo developed the KASAMA Electronic Voting System. The School of Computer Studies (SCS) used the system during the 2013 elections. It was a new system developed to simplify the whole voting process of the school and it helped the students to collect the final results of the election.
21
This project is intended for the whole university to provide students a hassle-free election with the help of the automated system, yet the system was only deployed in one college since the database was not distributed. This system helps the COMELEC to get the official results on one glance after the election period is over. The system developers constructed constructed an automated system which was used as the main interaction with the voters. Users can approach the BEI on the precinct to get their passwords to log-in and cast their votes. The software development method used was Rapid Application Development (RAD) while the following are the observations of the initial system:
1. Inharmonious color combination of the background and the title text. 2. The website responsiveness is not completely flexible to mobile devices. 3. The date settings is not user-friendly to administrators who have no database administration background. 4. A BEI cannot vote using the same account type. 5. The system's database is undistributed. 2.3.1.1 Screenshots of the System
The 2013 KASAMA Electronic Voting System encountered problems in terms of its user interface and user experience, and functionalities. For its functionalities, setting the election date requires access inside the database. This can be a problem not only in the security of the system but also for designated administrators with no prior knowledge to database management. Another issue is the Board of Election Inspector (BEI) account which does not have the functionality to vote. This can be a hassle to an assigned BEI, since he/she needs to log out and sign in to his/her student account in order to vote.
22
Moreover, the system was designed to accommodate only one college. Considering that the KASAMA elections is an institute-wide affair, the mentioned system’s limitation is a big hindrance to an actual deployment throughout MSU-IIT. Some of these problems p roblems are shown in the figures below:
Figure 2.3.1 Login Screen
As Figure 2.3.1 shows, the login page placeholder says ‘Username’ wh en it is the ID number of the student that needs to be inputted. This confused users right from the start of using the system. The color combination used also distracted some users.
23
Figure 2.3.2 Add Candidate Screen
Figure 2.3.2 shows that adding candidates required the manual input of the candidate’s name, making it susceptible to human error.
Figure 2.3.3 Ballot
24
As Figure 2.3.3 shows the ballot, t he system’s unresponsiveness to the screen dimensions of other platforms such as mobile devices irked some users who tested to vote through the system via smartphones. 2.3.2
MSU-IIT KASAMA Electronic Voting System(2012)
The KASAMA Electronic Voting System for managing the KASAMA elections held in Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT) annually which was developed by J.E. Bongabong, K.R. Baldonado, and K.J. Laganao. The institute uses the existing
system where it passes through different stages in managing the elections and also uses the traditional manual system in counting. With the number of students enrolled in IIT, collecting and counting the votes would be time-consuming and the probability of committing mistakes would be rampant. A new way of handling the data collection needs to be developed to cater all the students of the school and to achieve accuracy in the results. This project is intended for all MSU-IIT students to be able to vote without passing through a manual election system but by using a web-based voting system. This system enables student voters to elect officers without hassle and helps COMELEC officers to count the votes automatically without experiencing counting the ballots one by one. The software development method used was Rapid Application Development (RAD) while the following are the findings during the initial ini tial system: 1. A Registration Module which uploads the voter details. 2. A Voting Module which uses the Electronic Voting Ballot with an online/web-based user interface to vote.
25
3. An Admin Module which enables authorized election officials to login-in to gain election results including: the total number of yes and no votes on measures, the total number of votes for each candidate. After the initial findings, the system developers constructed a system that has a web based front end which acts as a main interaction with the users. Users can register online beforehand the election proper. Table 2.3.2 User Interface
1.
A registration module with a boxed figure user
interface. 2.
A voting module with a bright shaded user interface design.
3.
The system also provides simple menus and buttons to help voters navigate through the pages with ease.
4.
A website design with Arial typography.
Table 2.3.3 Business Rules
1.
Students registering should be MSU-IIT students only. To confirm, students are required to present their COR and ID to the COMELEC.
2.
After confirmation, student can register online
26
to the database only once every election.
3.
The student is given only one ballot with the list of candidates.
4.
After voting, the student should confirm his/her votes. He should apply rules about
how many candidates he should choose in every position.
5.
After confirmation, the ballot is automatically counted and the student is also automatically logged out of the system. He/She cannot vote again.
2.3.3 MSU-IIT KASAMA Online Voting and Tabulating System
I.C. Chua, J.C. Lasta, and A. S. Sangil found that the system for the KASAMA general election is done in a traditional manner. Though voters need not register prior the election period, they have to go to their specified precincts and lookup their name in the list of qualified voters. Further details are stated in Section 1 of Article IX B of the KASAMA Constitution and b by-Laws y-Laws (CBL). The researchers stated that any election in general costs a lot of manpower and material resources during the voting and the tallying periods. Similarly the current voting and tabulation process in the KASAMA general election is inefficient and costly. Along the line, the researchers
27
conducted a study to resolve these issues by implementing the voting process in an online environment which aims at addressing the problems such as (a) To conduct a study on the current election system (b) To design the architecture of the electronic voting system and tabulation system (c) To identify and resolve any potential security risks that will prove to be harmful to the system and to the election in general (d) To develop the user interface and (e) To test the system by conducting a mock election and document the results. The method used was Waterfall Model while the following are the findings during the initial testing of the system:
1. To implement the web-based application design with HTML and CSS for the frontend. 2. To implement the system system as a web-based application usi using ng PHP and will utilize the PostgreSQL DBMS for its backend. 3. To use Unified Modelling Modelling Language for its its Design Model. After the initial findings, the system developers were able to do the following: 1. The system system has a simple bright shaded user interface front front end design. 2. A website design with Arial typography. 3. The system provides electronic ballot ballot to be used in voting proper and will be accessed through a computer available in every precinct as the main interaction with the voters. 4. The votes are submitted through the internet and into a main computer which will automatically tally the results.
28
Based on the findings of the system study, the following are the recommendations future researchers should consider: 1. Research on and integrate a more secure and advanced way of verifying student identity (i.e. bar code reading, biometric scanning, etc). 2. Formulate a generic code based on the workflow, system rules, and functions of the system, thus allowing it to be more dynamic, flexible, and not institute-specific. 2.3.4
KASAMA Election System (KASAMA-ES)
There has been electronic voting system thesis as far back as 2006 the KASAMA Election System developed by C.H. Bautista, A.M. Birao and C.L. Roda. The current KASAMA elections is held every 2nd semester to elect new set officers for the incoming school year but the process during the elections is done manually which is unreliable, time-costly and prone to Electoral Fraud. Electronic Voting is a blanket term used to describe a variety of practices using technologies, with the use of electronic voting systems, we can fully eliminate the possibility of a double vote which is the largest source of voting errors on punch card or paper ballot voting systems this also speeds up the process to a great extent and not only it does hasten the process but it will also provide more accurate and reliable result. The method used was Rapid Application Development Model (RAD) and it also uses Unified Modelling Language (UML) models and diagrams so that the system is more understandable and informative. Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) is also used to serve as the basis for database and the researchers of this system used Borland Delphi 7 and PostgreSQL for the implementation and development of this system. The user interface type that was used in the application was similar to a Windows classic type of graphical user interface. 29
2.4
Summary of Related System Table 2.4 Summary of the features of related Electronic Voting Systems
Features
Related Systems
KASAMA MSU-IIT Electronic KASAMA Electronic Voting System (2013)
Voting System (2012)
MSU-IIT KASAMA Online
KASAMA Election System
MSU-IIT KASAMA Electronic
Voting and Tabulating System
(KASAMAES)
Voting System: Redesigning
for Usability
Student/Voting Module
Admin Module
Student Admin Module
Student Admin Exclusive Ballot
Registration Module
30
Log-in Module
Board of Election Inspector’s Module College Board of Election Inspector(BEI) Exclusive Ballot
Responsive User Interface
Menu and Buttons UserFriendly Interactivity Pleasant website design overall user interface tone and hue Font Style Readability
Distributed Database
31
As Table 2.4 shows, the latest system has more features compared with the previous ones, which are solely focused on providing user-centered design approach for the users and be able to get more satisfaction and ease for the usage of the system.
CHAPTER III CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
In this section, the KASAMA Electronic Voting System is being discussed thoroughly. In its overview, the developmental processes were tackled to fully give a better understanding of what a user-centered electronic voting system is. Knowing all of this can easily start the process far enough in advance to avoid a predicament situation with the present system.
32
Figure 3 Conceptual Framework
3.1 MSU-IIT KASAMA Electronic Voting System (2013)
The institute performs annual elections held every second semester of the school year. As initially discussed in the first chapter, the elections last year used the latest system in the School of Computer Studies (SCS).
Prior to the election proper, the Candidates and their corresponding name, party list, and position must be registered. Precinct was setup at the SCS grounds, with at most two (2) to four
33
(4) staff members deployed in the precinct to monitor over the voters. Laptops and tablets are allotted for the precinct which uses Local Area Network as the medium of connections for voters that prefer to vote on their own mobiles. The system also contains the complete list of enrolled students on the following semester to confirm if the student is eligible to vote. It will also serve as the primary voter validation and the account that the student uses to login to the system.
During the election proper, the voters will proceed to their respective precincts and present their identification cards to the designated staff to return the voters password and be able
to login. They voters will fill up the positions with their candidate/s of choice in the electronic ballot before submitting the form. By the end of the of the voting period, the results are then posted in the administrators account and is ready to printed, however the College Executive Council (CEC) was not included in the election which is not a complete election process for the KASAMA.
Problems on procedures are encountered such as the adding of candidates which requires a lot of inputs, which might cause errors in typing the candidates name rather than just selecting the candidate from the student master list and select only the position and party list of the candidate. This method will take up so much time and effort to add candidates. Another is the unresponsiveness of the systems user interface that is not visually user-friendly to mobile voters, and lastly the administrator has no graphical user interface to set the date of election. If this whole process of election should be carried out through the use of a Software Application that will be redesigned and simplify the user interface and other user-centered approach, then it will be called “MSU -IIT KASAMA Electronic Voting System: Redesigning through a User-Centered
34
Approach.” The relative ease and economic al implementation for the system makes it a practical
alternative of the existing system last year.
3.2 ADDIE Model
ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model is framework that represents a guideline for building instructional designs. Although widely used for instructional materials, the researchers chose to use the model since it gives much importance to the target users, is cost effective, and saves time.
Figure 3.2 ADDIE Model
3.2.1 Analysis Phase
During analysis phase, the problem, goals and objectives, and other relevant aspects are identified by the designer. Thus, it is important to collaborate with the subject-matter expert (SME) in identifying these characteristics.
35
The initial problem, goals and objectives were defined in the project. To improve and strengthen these, the researchers approached the Department of Student Affairs (DSA) and gathered information about the process of the manual KASAMA election, as well as its rules and bylaws. Previous projects on automated election systems were also acquired with permission from the IT department. These systems were examined by the researchers and flaws were determined to serve as basis for the development of an improved system. 3.2.2 Learner Analysis
A survey was conducted on students who have tested one of the previous automated election systems. The survey was aimed to gather impressions on the system’s user interface and
its
functionalities.
The
respondents
were
encouraged
to
provide
comments
and
recommendations. Problems encountered by the students were included into the issues that this paper aims to address. Also, a user testing of the system will be conducted in coordination with the DSA. Information gathered from this will be imparted into the existing learner analysis. 3.2.3 Content Analysis
Electronic voting systems are comprised by data which are classified as important by the subject-matter expert (SME). The data refers to the subject matter within a field of basis to which the foundation of the process is dedicated. It also refers to the student data which is used as the content in the database to be manipulated for the voting process. In this user-centered test material, the data was carried out by the SME and by the researchers which are under the field of study. These modules are crucial in managing the voting process. These module were commonly commonl y used by learners and some which are out of their hands to handle. 36
3.2.3.1Administrator Module
The admin of the system, the DSA, has overall authority of the system. The can add students/Comma Separated Values (CSV) which carries the lists of students enrolled within the semester. He/she can add and edit candidates. Setting of the date to be defined in the database can be done by entering the specified date in the database and can open voting lines in his/her own college precinct. 3.2.3.2Board of Election Inspector (BEI)
The BEI serves as the assistant of the admin for every college. His/her duties include accommodating student inquiries such as passwords and other election-related concerns, and monitoring the electoral procedure within his/her college jurisdiction and can close voting lines when the elections are done on his/her own college precinct. 3.2.3.3Student Module
The student has no other authority other than voting. Voting is a one-way process, thus, voters/students are advised to be careful since they can never go back and change their votes. 3.2.4 System Design
The design of the system aims to be developed by the researchers include suggestions from the DSA with regards to the necessary functionalities that the system must contain, as well as recommendations from students based on the conducted learner analysis. Also, the design will also address the flaws that were observed on previous prev ious automated election systems.
37
3.2.4.1 Graphic Design
Since the system is not intended for the sole use of its developers, it must be made in conjunction with the preferences of its client and intended users. Thus, consultations will be made with the DSA to make sure that the design adheres to its inclinations as much as possible. Student opinion will also not be left out, more importantly since they are en end-users d-users of the system. Simply put, the design of the system involves the developers, the DSA, and the students. Colors that may represent parties that are involved in the KASAMA election will not be
used in order to avoid bias. The researchers also intend to use a flat design approach on the system. Providing a simple and minimalistic user interface will help users get easily accustomed to the system. 1. Color
People use color to categorize objects in their daily lives. It can either attract attention or do the opposite. Thus, in web design it is very important to be careful in using color because it can bring a negative effect on content such as poor text readability. Companies usually use color in web design to help users identify their brand. In web design, colors have common meanings as shown in the figure below (Hoisington and Minnick, 2013): Table 3.2.1 Common Color Meanings Color
Description
Blue
Trust, security, conservative, technology (The most common color used on the Web)
Green
Nature, money, earth, health, good luck
38
White
Purity, cleanliness, innocence, precision
Red
Power, danger, passion, love, energy
Black
Sophistication, power, death, fear
Gray
Intellect, elegance, modesty
Orange
Energy, balance, warmth, brightness
Yellow
Cheer, optimism, joy, honesty
Brown
Reliability, earth, comfort
Purple
Mystery, spirituality, arrogance, royalty
2. Color Harmony
Harmony can be defined as a pleasing arrangement of parts and in visual experiences harmony is something that is pleasing to the eye. It engages the viewer and it creates an inner sense of order and a balance in the visual experience. When something is not harmonious, it's either boring or chaotic. Color harmony delivers visual interest and a sense of order (ColorMatters, 2014). Some formulas for color harmony are presented below:
Figure 3.2.1 A color scheme based on analogous colors
39
Analogous colors are any three colors which are side by side on a 12 part color wheel, such as yellow-green, yellow, and yellow-orange. Usually one of the three colors predominates.
Figure 3.2.2A color scheme based on complementary colors
Complementary colors are any two colors which are directly opposite each other, such as red and green and red-purple and yellow-green. In the illustration above, there are several variations of yellow-green in the leaves and several variations of red-purple in the orchid. These opposing colors create maximum contrast co ntrast and maximum stability.
Figure 3.2.3 A color schem schemee based on nature
Nature provides a perfect departure point for color harmony. In the illustration illustration above, red yellow and green create a harmonious design, regardless of whether this combination fits into a technical formula for color harmony. 3.2.5 Web-Based Development Tools
In creating the web-based training, various web development tools will be used by the researchers. 40
3.2.5.1 Frond-End Development
The front-end of a system is what the user will see: the interface, the colors. This is where the user interacts with the system and perform various activities.
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
HTML is the backbone of a website development process. HTML codes will be used to create the overall o verall look of the system.
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
Along with HTML, CSS will be used for describing the look and formatting of document to be presented. It provides the developers better control of the presentation and look of the system.
JavaScript
JavaScript allows the user to control, communicate, and alter document content displayed in the website. JavaScript will used to create an interactive and dynamic website (i.e. dynamic date).
Bootstrap
Bootstrap is collection of tools for web applications. It contains design templates for interface components such as navigation, typography, and buttons. Bootstrap 3 will be used to create a responsive website that can adjust to different window resolutions such as mobile devices.
Adobe Photoshop
41
Photoshop is a powerful tool not just for editing photos but also graphics. Photoshop will be used in creating logos and other necessary graphical content in the user interface. 3.3 Interactivity
Interactivity refers to the system’s behavior as experienced by the user. It gauges the user’s ability to conduct activities. 3.3.1 Text Input
Username and password are primary requirements that will allow to user to proceed to the next processes of the system (i.e. to vote, to add candidate, etc.). There are also other procedures that require input from the user such as adding name of party-list. 3.3.2 Mouse Click
Mouse-click is present in almost every process in the system, from choosing preferred candidates candida tes to confirming vote. This, among others require the user to click on an item to proceed to the next task. 3.4 Implementation and Evaluation
The system will be designed to use a distributed database. The database will be located and maintained in different locations within the institution. One database will be maintained for each colleges and one for the Department of Student Affairs (DSA). The Database Management System for the system’s database will be PostgreSQL. It will be used for storing, modifying, and
retrieving obtained information.
42
PHP will be used to connect the user interface to the database and Apache web server will also be used. 3.4.1 System Evaluation
To ensure that the deployment of the system will truly serve its purpose, user-centered testing and evaluation will be done. During this phase, the system will be tested by the developers and the specific end users according to its functions. 3.4.1.1 User-Centered Testing and Evaluation
User-centered testing was conducted among 44 participants to evaluate the system's design, user interface, and overall user experience. Questionnaires provided to the participants during the testing process and post-test interviews was conducted to gather additional qualitative information regarding the user experience, as well as insights and suggestions.
Screening Questionnaire
Screening questionnaires was used to determine the participants of the testing. These questionnaires was distributed to 44 random college students of MSU-IIT.
Pre-test Questionnaire
43
Before the actual testing of a system, a participant was asked to answer a pre-test questionnaire. This test provides feedbacks to the researchers about the user’s expectations on the system.
Post-Task Questionnaire
After completing a specific task, the user answered a question regarding his/her experience and impression on that task. This test helped point out possible problems on specific functionalities that may hinder user experience
of the system in the future.
Post-Test Questionnaire
This was used to gather information about the us er’s overall experience after using the system. Questions are related to the system’s interface, adaptability, and overall satisfaction. Participants will also be encouraged to provide insights and suggestions.
CHAPTER IV DESIGN 4.1 Overview of the System
The Redesigned MSU-IIT KASAMA Electronic Voting System is a system that will replace the previous KASAMA Electronic Voting System that encountered some flaws
44
according to the users preferences on last years' test on the annual KASAMA elections held at the School of Computer Studies (SCS).
The system arose as a need to simplify the process of the systems technicalities and procedures. Previous special projects have been b een made to automate the election process but were not implemented due to several constraints. In this system, the developers aim and implement the election process in in a better user understanding on the systems interface and environment where the users (administrators, BEI's, voters), even with less computer knowledge, can easily use the
system without any hassle and be much more convenient to each of them.
4.2 Theoretical Framework
This framework shows the important internal factors of the system that interacts with its users and provides data that give meaning m eaning and purpose to the system itself.
45
Figure 4.2 Theoretical Framework
Figure 3.2 shows design used for the front-end of the system. The user interface where the user interacts with the system and performs various activities was designed to be flat, eliminating aspects such as drop-shadows that give menu and buttons a three-
dimensional look. This was done to provide a simple layout and reduce the chances of the user being distracted by the look of the system. The tools used in achieving the design of the system are discussed below:
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
HTML was used by the developers as the overall look and feel of the systems' design.
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
Along with HTML, CSS was used for describing the look and formatting of the documents presented on the system. It was used on modifying the contents of the HTML tags and overall design such as the menu bar, body, text and background colors, ballots, buttons and forms.
JavaScript
JavaScript was used by the developers for confirmation functions to let the user decide safely before performing and action. Also, along with jQuery which is 46
a cross-platform JavaScript library, was used in altering the date using the jQuery UI date picker to make it simpler for the user to change a date. Overall JavaScript was used to create an interactive and dynamic website.
Bootstrap
Bootstrap was used as the design template for the interface components to deliver a responsive system design. Bootstrap 3 which was the recent version of bootstrap was used to create a responsive website that can adjust to different
window resolutions such as mobile devices that brings responsiveness to the navigation, typography, buttons, icons and the overall look of a web-based system.
Adobe Photoshop
Photoshop was used by the developers in editing custom logo designs. 4.3 Deployment Diagram
The deployment diagram represents the relations between the organizations (DSA, colleges) involved in the system. This Diagram describes the behavior of the systems deployment.
47
Figure 4.3 Deployment Diagram
Figure 4.3 shows the flow of the system deployment. The Computer Center will be the source of the Comma Separated Values(CSV) file which contains the list of enrolled students which will be passed to the DSA's main administrator, the DSA will then be the main server of the database for each college. The student administrator and the BEI will then be the responsible workforce for their colleges. In addition, the student will approach the BEI for their passwords so they can vote. Furthermore, both can use mobile devices. Further information are discussed below: 4.3.1
Distributed Database
The main database will be designated for the DSA’s of fice fice and the rest will be distributed to each college in the university. Each college will have its own precinct and will have its own server. As shown on Figure 4.3, The DSA will act as the Main Administrator which points to the Student Administrator (assigned per college by the DSA). The Student Administrator on each college will be the one to assign a BEI to help distribute passwords to Students. Also, the BEIs' and the Students will have a luxury to use mobile devices in using the system since it is responsive r esponsive to mobile platforms.
48
4.4 Flowcharts
These flowcharts are graphical representations of the processes and actions the users are going to do. These users are the individuals involved as shown before in the deployment diagram (See Figure 4.3).
Figure 4.4.1 Main Administrator (DSA) flowchart
Figure 4.4.1 shows the process flow chart of the Main Administrators' account who has overall authority of the system. Further function functionalities are discussed below: View/Edit Student Profile: 49
a. Account type (student admin, BEI) b. ID number c. Password Edit Account Type: a. Admin
e. COE-BEI
i. SCS-BEI
b. CASS-BEI
f. CON-BEI
j. Student
c. CBAA-BEI
g. CSM-BEI
d. CED-BEI
h. SET-BEI
Add Candidate: a. Select college
c. Select student
b. Add party list
d. Select position
Date Setting: a. Set date
b. Edit date
c. Appearance
Results: a. View election results
b. Print election results
50
Figure 4.4.2 Student Administrator flowchart
51
Figure 4.4.2 shows the process flow chart of the Student Administrators' account which serves as a branch of the main admin with limited authority over the system. Further function functionalities are discussed below: a. Vote
d. Close Voting Lines
b. View/edit (ID number, password)
e. View/Print Election results (CEC)
c. Assign BEI
Figure 4.4.3 BEI flowchart
52
Figure 4.4.3 shows the process flow chart of the BEI's account which serves as the assistant of the student admin. Further function functionalities are discussed below: a. Vote b. View (ID number, name, password, voting status) c. View election results (CEC)
Figure 4.4.4 Student (Voter) flowchart
Figure 4.4.4 shows the process flow chart of the student account. The student has no other authority other than voting. Voting is a one-way process, thus, voters/students are advised to be careful since they can never go back and change their votes. 53
CHAPTER V RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter shows the result of the testing and evaluation conducted for this study. The testing phase included an initial and final testing. 52 potential users were screened and a total of 44 participants were selected. These participants were asked to answer a pre-test, post-task, and post-test questionnaires. 5.1 Test Results
The figure below shows the percentage of student participants per college.
Participants
12%
CASS
12%
CED
5%
7%
10%
CSM COE SET
7% 40% 7%
SCS CON CBAA
Figure 5.1 Percentage of Participant Turnouts
5.2 User-Centered Test and Results
The initial testing consisted of 26 participants, 15 of which tested using a PC and 11 using a smart phone. After some revisions based on user suggestions, a final testing was
54
conducted among 18 participants, 7 tested using a PC and 11 using a smart phone. Overall, 22 students tested the system using a PC while 22 tested using a smart phone. 5.2.1 Post-Task Results:
The users were tested using the student administrator account. This was done to save time, also since the functionalities found within the BEI and student accounts are encompassed by the student administrator account.
Login Process
Figure 5.2.1 Login Process
The login process among the participants was generally easy for both platforms. After the initial testing, the error handling was improved based on a suggestion of one participant into making validation errors text color into red to provide a more clear information for the user since the system previously presented a lighter color (See Appendix H).
55
Search Student
Figure 5.2.2 Search Student
Searching for students through their first name, last name or ID number was generally easy among testers of both platforms.
Voting for KASAMA and EC officers
Figure 5.2.3Voting for KASAMA and EC officers
56
The participants did not have hard time on voting. One suggestion, which was to use counters on checkboxes for senators and board members, was implemented by the researchers.
Viewing Election Candidates
Figure 5.2.4 Viewing Election Candidates
Based on the figure above, the participants did not encounter any problems in viewing the candidates for both the KASAMA and the CEC.
Editing student information (ID number, password, account type)
Figure 5.2.5Editing student information (ID number, password, account type)
57
Although no errors were encountered during du ring the task of editing student information, some participants were observed to have taken some time understanding the task. Considering that this functionality is only available for student administrators and not the majority of student voters during the actual elections, the provision of a user manual will help alleviate difficulties that users of this account may encounter.
Viewing/printing election results
Figure 5.2.6 Viewing/printing election results
The viewing of election results of the CEC went smoothly among the participants. Some did not immediately find the print icon which was placed at the upper left corner of the results. Thus, the researchers decided to emphasize the icon by repositioning it at the upper right corner and put it in a border to further indicate its function (See Appendix F).
58
Logout Process
Figure 5.2.7 Logout Process
The participants were all able to log out from the system without any problems. Overall, the testing among the participants using the two platforms did not encounter any critical errors in performing the tasks specified as shown in the previous charts. The results between the two platforms were also similar, both producing favorable results results from the users.
5.2.2 Post-Test Results
After the actual testing, the participants were provided questionnaires to provide their feedback and impression on the system. Some of these aspects were compared with the 2013 KASAMA Electronic Voting System. These Th ese are as follows:
59
Website Navigation
3% 2% 0%
18% Very Easy Easy Neutral Difficult Very Difficult 77%
Figure 5.2.8 Website Navigation
Based on the figure shown, the results of the overall experience of navigating through the website was favorable among the participants. The only participant (2%) which gave a Difficult rating did not provide the researchers a reason/feedback reason/feed back to justify the rating.
Ease of Procedures
Figure 5.2.9 Ease of procedures
60
As compared to the 2013 KASAMA Electronic Voting System, the current system provided a better experience among its users in terms of completing task/s. This result is significant considering that the previous system's testing only required the users to vote, while the current system's testing which includes various tasks.
User Interface
Figure 5.2.10 User Interface
In terms of the user interface, the current system has a greatly reduced unsatisfactory rating compared to the previous system. This can be attributed to the flat design used in the system, which used as less color as possible and a simple interface. The responsiveness of the system may have also played a role in providing users an easy experience in using the system through a mobile device, in this case a smart phone.
61
System Satisfaction
Figure 5.2.11 System Satisfaction
The user satisfaction of the current system was significantly better compared to the 2013 KASAMA Electronic Voting System as shown in the figures above. Only 1 person was not satisfied with the system, once again not giving any an y reason to justify the rating.
Adaptability to the System
0%
19%
less than 10 minutes 10-15 minutes 15 minutes or more
81%
Figure 5.2.12 Adaptability to the System
62
Based on the figure shown above, adaptability to the system among the participants is generally fast. This is significant considering the fact that most participants have average computer skills.
Opinion on Providing Speedy Elections
Figure 5.2.13 Opinion on Providing Speedy Elections
Opinion on the current system's ability to speed up elections is significantly greater compared the previous system. This results may have been affected by some other aspects of the system, such as ease of use and user interface, which may have influenced the users' ratings.
63
Usefulness of the System
2% 0% 0%
16% Very Useful Useful Neutral Not Useful Very Not Useful
82%
Figure 5.2.14 Usefulness of the System
Users gave good impressions on the system's usefulness. These impressions may have been greatly influenced again by the experience provided by the system to the participants. Lastly, Mr. Edward Banawa, head of the DSA, gave good impressions on the system especially its responsive capability. He also expressed his desire for such a system to be deployed. Although the actual deployment of the system is beyond the scope of the study, the researchers emphasized that the system has the necessary capabilities needed. However, other aspects in terms of network and database security must be taken into account for an actual deployment.
5.2.3 Summary of Results
Based on the results gathered from the user evaluation conducted, the redesigned electronic voting system gathered positive results in areas that this study aims to improve. There were some instances that the participants asked of the researchers’ assistance
64
during the system evaluation. Nonetheless, the participants did not encounter any significant problems that hampered their overall experience with the system. Adaptability was also fast. Logging in and out, voting, among others were generally easy among all users.
The flat user interface design was well-accepted by majority of the users, although there were some who were not convinced with the system’s design . In terms of
the user interface design, system satisfaction, and ease of performing tasks, the current
system has significantly better rating and feedback from the users compared to the previous system. As in seen in the figures above, there is no significant difference in the ratings of the participants for different aspects of the system between PC and mobile versions.
65
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents the conclusion and recommendations by the researchers based on the results gathered and interpreted, as well as other oth er comments from key personnel.
6.1 Conclusion
The researchers were able to att ain the users’ needs with regards to the system and addressed these in the study. The user-centered design approach in redesigning an existing system is appropriate for it answered the user’s concerns that they experienced in the initial design.
Though this process is beneficial in general, the number of iterations of exposing the design to the users may never be enough to satisfy all the users. Some users have differing opinions thus the proponents made design decisions based on the majority’s point of vi ew. This entails a
number of users still unsatisfied.
The researchers used Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) as the backbone of the website development process and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) for modifying the look and the format of the system’s design which is simple and flat, providing users a straightforward user interfa ce,
also the responsiveness of the system is made possible with the use of Bootstrap 3 making it flexible to different platforms such as mobile devices. The undistributed database design of the previous system has been resolved which made electronic election of multiple colleges simultaneously possible during in the event of an actual election in MSU-IIT. 66
The evaluation phase, conducted using a PC and a mobile device, produced largely positive results from the participants. The user interface was well-accepted and navigation through the website was generally easy among the participants. Compared to the 2013 KASAMA Electronic Voting System, the current system gained significantly better rating and feedback from the users in terms of the user interface, ease of procedures, and overall system satisfaction.
It is concluded that the system is ready for the next stage of implementation, which is the actual deployment in the institute. However, further tests must be conducted to gauge the
system’s security and ability to handle large numbers of simultaneous users as well as
unpredictable events like network and power interruptions. 6.2 Recommendations
The following are the recommendations of the researchers for future studies aimed at improving this study: 1. Research on and providebetter measures in keeping the system updated in terms of the user interface and functionalities. 2. Conduct additional iterations of user evaluations to obtain more substantial feedback and better results. 3. Research on and possibly connect an updated system to the institute’swebsite. 4. Research on and provide better measures in safeguarding student votes as well as its security from outside attacks. 5. Research on and provide methods to improve the system’s ability to handle errors, network and power interruptions, and large numbers n umbers of users without crashing.
67
Furthermore, the researchers recommend theuse of other methodologies that incorporate a user-centered approach that can deliver better system outcomes especially on the user’s point of vi ew. BIBLIOGRAPHY Book:
Hoisington, C.L., Minnick, J.L. (2013). Adobe Dreamweaver CS6 . Canada: Nelson Education, Ltd.
Endsley, M. (2003). Designing for Situation Awareness: An Approach to User-Centered . Retrieved from http://www.google.com.ph/books?id=eRPBkapAsggC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=f alse alse Gibbins, J. (2013). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/182308/election http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/182308/election Niederst, J. (2006). Web Design in a Nutshell . Retrieved from http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bdf4vS2n7N8C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=fals e Journals:
Friedman, V. (2014). A User-Centered Approach to Web Design For Mobile Devices. Smashing Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2011/05/02/a-user-centeredapproach-to-web-design-for-mobile-devices/ approach-to-web-design-for-mobile-devices/ Campbell-Dollaghan, K. (2013). What is Flat Design?. Gizmodo. Retrieved from http://gizmodo.com/what-is-flat-design-508963228 http://gizmodo.com/what-is-flat-design-508963228 Clayton, S. (2014). Modern Design at Microsoft. Microsoft. Retrieved from http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/stories/design/ http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/stories/design/ Blogs: Fidgeon, T. (2013). User-Centered design (UCD) - 6 methods [Schools]. Retrieved from http://www.webcredible.com/blog-reports/web-usability/user-centered-design.shtml http://www.webcredible.com/blog-reports/web-usability/user-centered-design.shtml Ghanta, R . (2013, March 20). Pulse P ulse - the heartbeat of BootstrapCDN [Business]. Retrieved from https://www.leftronic.com/blog/pulse-the-heartbeat-of-bootstrapcdn/
68
Turner, A.L. (2014). The Next Nex t Web [Business]. Retrieved from http://thenextweb.com/author/amberturner/ http://thenextweb.com/author/amberturner/ Literature Review:
Cabalhin, E., Dy Closas, K. A., & Langoyan, J. (2010). Requistion. Web-based Requisition System (WebRS) for MSU-IIT Procurement Process.1-7. Albaran, M.J., Bicoy, C.J., & Castillo, J. (2013). Electronic Voting System. KASAMA Electronic Voting System. Bongabong, K.R., Baldonado, K.J., & Laganao, K.J. (2012). Electronic Voting System. MSUIIT KASAMA Electronic Voting System.
Chua, I.C., Lasta, J.C., & Sangil, A.S. (2012).Electronic Voting System. MSU-IIT KASAMA Online Voting and Tabulating System. Bautista, C.H., Birao, A.M., & Roda, C.L. (2006). Electronic System. KASAMA Election System (KASAMA-ES). Web Sources:
Trubac, A. (2005). HTML(Hypertext Markup Language). HTML(Hypertext Markup Language). Retrieved from http://searchsoa.techtarget.com/definition/HTML Otto, M., & Thornton, J. (2011). Twitter Bootstrap. Twitter Bootstrap:LESS is more . Retrieved http://www.connected-uk.com/2013/11/twitter-bootstrap-less-is-more from http://www.connected-uk.com/2013/11/twitter-bootstrap-less-is-more PostgreSQL Global Development Group. (1995). PostgreSQL. Postgresql: The world’s most advanced open source database. Retrieved from http://www.postgresql.org/about http://www.postgresql.org/about Smith, G. (2009). Theme Thursday. 43 Must Read PHP Articles and Resources Resou rces. Retrieved from http://www.gracesmith.co.uk/43-must-read-php-articles-and-resources http://www.gracesmith.co.uk/43-must-read-php-articles-and-resources Aihara, D.S. (2014). Model-View-Controller. Study About the Relationship Between the ModelView-Controller .1-149. .1-149. Retrieved from http://www.bth.se/fou/cuppsats.nsf/all/567e0c462fa33949c12576d4004573f1/$file/thesis%20%20diogo%20aihara.pdf Harper, S. (2010). Election. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election Berners-Lee, T. (1995, January). Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Content_Accessibility_Guidelines http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Content_Accessibility_Guidelines
69
APPENDIX A User Testing on KASAMA Electronic Voting System
Scenario List
Scenario 1 Login into your account.
Scenario 2 Familiarize the system by navigating through the menu buttons.
Vote Candidate menu Accounts menu Administrator menu
Scenario 3 Search for student information (ID number, name, voting status) using the search bar.
Scenario 4 Cast your vote through the Vote menu.
Scenario 5 Edit student:
Assign a BEI
70
Edit Password (ID number)
Scenario 6 View and print election results
APPENDIX B User Test on KASAMA Electronic Voting System
Screening Questionnaire Name: ____________________________________________________ ________________________ _________________________________ _____ College: _____
Age: _______
Contact No: _________________________
Email Address: _____________________________ Instructions: Encircle the answer of your choice 1. Please rate your computer skills. a. Expert b. Average c. Poor 2. What is usually your purpose in using computers? You can choose more than 1. a. b. c. d.
School Matters Games Social Media Other
3. Have you ever experienced using an electronic voting system before? a. Yes b. No If yes, please rate your overall impression of the system in terms of its user interface and ease in achieving your objectives a. Excellent b. Good 71
c. Bad 4. Are you willing to try the KASAMA Electronic Voting System? a. Yes b. No
Thank you for your time. APPENDIX C
User Test on KASAMA Electronic Voting System
Pre-test Questionnaire Name: ____________________________ ________________________ ____
College: __________
1. As a college student of MSU-IIT, what details would you want to know from the KASAMA Electronic Voting System? ___________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________________________ ___________ _______________________________________________________ ___________________________ _______________________________________ ___________ ______________________________________________________ __________________________ ________________________________________ ____________
2. What are your expectations for the design of a KASAMA Electronic Voting S System? ystem? Please list at least three items. (1) (2) (3)
_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
72
APPENDIX D User Test on KASAMA Electronic Voting System
Post-task Questionnaire
Rate the following tasks. Encircle your choice. 1. Login process. Very Easy 1
2
3
4
5
Very difficult
4
5
Very difficult
4
5
Very difficult
4
5
Very difficult
2. Searching for student from list. Very Easy 1
2
3
3. Voting for KASAMA and EC officers. Very Easy 1
2
3
4. Viewing election candidates. Very Easy 1
2
3
5. Editing student information (ID number, password, account type). Very Easy 1
2
3
4
5
Very difficult
4
5
Very difficult
6. Viewing/printing election results. Very Easy 1
2
3
73
7. Logout process. Very Easy 1
2
3
4
5
Very difficult
APPENDIX E User Test on KASAMA Electronic Voting System
Post-test Questionnaire Encircle your answer. We encourage you to provide feedback and insights. 1. How was the process of navigating through the website using the menu buttons? Very easy
1
2
3
4
5
Very difficult
2. How easy/difficult was it for you to perform the tasks given? Very easy
1
2
3
4
5
Very difficult
3. How satisfied are you with system's user interface design? Very satisfied
1
2
3
4
5
Very unsatisfied
4. Please rate how satisfied you are with the system. s ystem. Very satisfied
1
2
3
4
5
Very unsatisfied
5. How much time do you think can you fully adapt in this system? o Less than 10 minutes o 10-15 minutes o More than 15 minutes
74
6. How do you find the font style and color used on the user interface? Very pleasant
1
2
3
4
5
Very unpleasant
Feedback: ___________________________ ________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________ ________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________ ________________________
7. In your opinion, how effective will the system be in providing speedy elections?
Very effective
1
2
3
4
5
Not effective
Feedback: ___________________________ ________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________ ________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________ ________________________
8. How would you rate the usefulness of the system you tested? Very useful
1
2
3
4
5
Not useful
Feedback: ___________________________ ________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________ ________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________ ________________________
9. If you have additional feedback or insights regarding the system, we encourage you to let us know. _____________________________________________________ __________________________ _________________________________________________ ______________________ __________________________ ______________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _____________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________ _________________________________________________ ______________________
75
APPENDIX F
Article IX B of the Consitution and By-Laws of the Kataas-taasang Sanggunian ng mga Mag-
aaral. ARTICLE IX CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS B. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS
Section 1 The COMELEC shall be composed of one faculty member and three students from each college/school. The Director of Students Affairs A ffairs (DSA) shall be the ex-officio Chairman of the COMELEC.
a. The members of the COMELEC shall be chosen by the Director of the Department of Students Affairs (DSA) in consultation with the Assistant Deans or Assistant Directors of the different colleges/schools. b. The DSA Director shall propose and prepare a budget of the COMELEC and submit the same to the KASAMA President and the latter shall see to it that the money needed for election expenses shall be available at least one month before the KASAMA general elections. c. Should the KASAMA fail to allocate the needed amount, the DSA Director is authorized to withhold the said amount from the KASAMA general fund to ensure that this would not delay the holding of the KASAMA general elections.
Section 2 The COMELEC shall have the following powers and functions:
a. Formulate campaign rules and regulations and other matters deemed necessary to ensure free, honest and orderly election; b. Approve and register candidates subject to the qualifications prescribed in Sec. 1 Art. X of this Constitution; c. Register and accredit political parties;
76
d. Decide on the number and location of polling places and the appointment of poll watchers; e. Announce election returns within two school days after the election; f. Accept and act immediately on any complaint and/or motion for recounting which must be filed within twenty-four (24) hours after the elections results are announced; g. Proclaim all election winners on or before the th e fourth day after the election; h. Suspend election as may be deemed necessary; I. Announce failure of the election as may be required by circumstances; and J. Enforce and administer all laws and regulations relative to the conduct of election.
77
APPENDIX G KASAMA Electronic Voting System Survey Results (2013)
1
Timesta mp
2
2/28/20 14
The system is conveni ent and easy to use
The graphic s, colour, media elemen ts, and content s are clear and appeali ng
Provide s appropri ate feedbac k to user respons es
The progra m runs smoot hly withou t delay
The As a syste whole, m can you make are the satisfie KASA d with MA the Electio KASA n MA faster Electro nic Voting Syste m
Comments
Course
Ye ar
3
4
5
6
7
5:22:33 2/28/20 14 22:20:2 1 2/28/20 14 22:23:5 7 2/28/20 14 22:24:3 0 2/28/20 14 22:26:0 6 2/28/20
Strongly Agree
Strongl Strongly Strong Strong y Agree ly ly agree Agree Agree
Strongl y Agree
Strongly Agree
Strongl Agree y Agree
Strong Strong ly ly Agree Agree
Strongl y Agree
Strongly Agree
Strongl Strongly Strong Strong ly ly y Agree Agree Agree Agree
Strongl y Agree
Strongly Agree
Strongl Strongly Strong Strong ly ly y Agree Agree Agree Agree
Strongl y Agree
Neutral
Disagr
Agree
Neutral
Neutral
Neutra
I've been wondering, what if the students purposely or accidentally gave the wrong student id number? Shouldn't you guys verify that too? haha. Anyway, the System really is GREAT.
77
8
9
10
14 22:26:4 6 2/28/20 14 22:27:0 9 2/28/20 14 22:31:0 5
2/28/20 14 22:33:2 0
ee
Agree
l
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
Strongly Agree Agree
Agree
Strong ly Agree
Neutra l
Agree
Strongly agree
Strong ly agree
Strong ly agree
Strongl y agree
Strongly Agree
Strongl y agree
Neutral ako answer sa kun m akapas2 cya sa election, kai Gamay lng ganiha ang slots sa pag vote, maybe, pwde tingali gamitun ang comp.lab para daghan2 ang pwde maka vote. Ganiha, it will cause a risk to borrow more laptops of the student para daghai makabotar in just one session. Pero payts kaau ganiha, aus kaau! Superb kaau ang Election. Congrats! :) wala ko kabalo nga ID number diay ang username. nangutana ma ko sa akong tapad unsay ibutang sa username -_- haha. there can be chances na ang student kay manghulam ug ID sa lain, mao ang mupirma and mangayo ug passcode. ani na problema, dapat ang comelec kay mutan.aw jud ug ayo ug mao ba ang naa sa picture sa ID ug ang gagunit sa ID...OR there can be another solution.? my concern is that, pag.abot sa
11
2/28/20 14 22:37:3 2
pag.check ug kinsa nay muboto and paghatag sa passcode, possible gihapon na mka.vote twice ang isa ka.student by using another student's ID. hope ma.solbad ni na.problem. :) 12
13
2/28/20 14 22:40:0 5 2/28/20 14 22:41:3
Strongly Agree Agree
Strongly Agree
Agree
Agree
Strong ly Agree
Strongl y Agree
Strongl Strongly Strong Strong ly ly Agree y Agree Agree Agree
Strongl y Agree
the KASAMA election would be better if this system will be implemented :)
78
14
8 2/28/20 14 22:54:2 6
Strongly Agree
Strongl Strongly Strong Strong y Agree ly ly Agree Agree Agree
Gusto ko makabalo pagbuhat ani. Awa lang mo. HAHAHAHAH.
BSIT
II
15
2/28/20 14 23:03:2 7
Strongly Agree Agree
16
2/28/20 14 23:43:0 7
Strongly Agree
17
3/1/201 4 0:46:40 3/1/201 4 0:06:45
Strongly Agree Agree
18
Strongly Agree
Strong Strong ly ly Agree Agree
Strongl y Agree
Neutral Strongly Agree
Strong Strong ly ly Agree Agree
Strongl y Agree
Agree
Strongl y Agree Strongl y Agree
Strongly Agree Agree
Agree
Strong ly Agree Strongly Strong Strong Agree ly ly Agree Agree
3/1/201 4 1:54:57 3/1/201 4 6:10:42
Strongly Agree
Neutral Neutral
Neutral
Disagr ee
21
3/1/201 4 7:04:49
Strongly Disagre e
Neutral Agree
22
3/1/201 4 6:42:08
Strongly Agree
Strongl Agree y agree
19
20
Neutral
Strong Agree Agree ly Agree Strong Strong Neutral ly ly Agree Disagr ee Strong Strong Strongl ly ly y Disagr Disagr Disagr ee ee ee Strong Strong ly ly Agree Agree
Strongl y Agree
The whole system is great! Just improve more on the graphics and media elements. Make it more catchy and official-looking like add the school's logo and kasama's, pwede pud SCS logo para char, taga scs bitaw gabuhat! XD JITS logo pud. hahaha! :D It would be nice if we will not use our ID numbers.. just the password itself can use to login to the system.. Because it can create a record or a database that can know who we are
BS-IT
3
ESETB
2
voting..
BSIT
3
Nice kaayo. Bahalag late ko sa klase nako ganiha, naka vote japun ko maski naa ko sa classroom. Haha. E implement na unta na sa whole IIT para dili na time consuming and hassle-free ang election. :) Very easy og pwede ma access sa mobile if dili naka makatagad sa linya. :D
BSIS
4
eset-b
3rd
BSIT
1st Ye ar
BSCS
1st Ye ar
BSIT
4
*during when the user inputs the wrong password, the lacks feed back after. not sure if his/her password is still incorrect or if we lost
79
connection. :) 23
3/1/201 4 7:05:26
24
3/1/201 4 7:06:10
25
3/1/201 4 7:06:31
26
3/1/201 4 7:07:02
27
3/1/201 4 7:35:46
28
3/1/201 4 11:31:1 1 3/1/201 4 12:34:4 1
29
Neutral
Agree
Strong ly Disagr ee Strongly Strong Agree ly Agree Disagre e
Strongl y Disagr ee Strongly Agree Strong Strongl Agree ly y Disagr Disagr ee ee Strongly Agree Strongly Neutra Strong Strongl y Agree Agree l ly Disagr Disagr ee ee Agree Strongl Strongly Strong Neutra Strongl y y ly l Agree Agree agree Disagr ee Agree Agree Agree Strong Strong Agree ly ly Agree Agree
Agree
Strongl Neutral y Disagr ee Strongly Agree Agree Agree
Neutra l
Strong Strong ly ly Agree Agree
Strongl y Agree
Agree
Agree
Strong ly Agree
The issue of security and trust will be very critical for this system. The concept of automated election that is happening in the national election covers the same problem but still there's this hard copy of ballot that will lessen the doubt for trusted election returns.
Okay lang man ang system. I mean, job well done. Kuan lang diay, ang katong sa radio buttons, naa unta'y clear button, kay naa ko'y nadunggan nga if masayop lang ka'g click k ay di na dayon ma revert. Ma count na dyn to imo gi vote, nasayop ra unta to. And also, it's also good na gi integrate pod nnu sa mobile. Sa tab man ko nag vote, and amazing experience. Pero idk if sa browser lang to, pero mura s ya ug naka zoom lang man gd ang mga text. Like kelangan paka mag scroll2 to the left and to the
BSIT
2n dyr
BSCS
1 yr.
BSIT
3
BSIS
1st ye ar
BS CS
3rd
BSCS
4
BSIT
4
80
right. Naka word wrap nalang unta to para scroll down paubos nalang. :) bcn wla rato na wrap sa container. Aw :p
30
3/1/201 4 12:36:3 1
Agree
Neutral Neutral
Agree
Strong ly Agree
Well anyway, congratulations. Job well done jd japon. ^___^ Strongl Technical Improvements: System feedback would be much better if it y implemented on the client side instead of Agree server side. Actions such as clicking a button, unclicking a button, and counting the number of checkboxes checked should be provided real time feedback(can be achieved using jquery and ajax). Using jquery and ajax can also improve validation of input. In this way input are validated even before submitting the whole form. Database implementation implementation would be better if it will support concurrency locks to ensure data integrity(Hooray if this is implemented alreadyclap clap).
BSIT
4
Heuristic improvement: It would be better if a photo of each candidate will be provided in the UI, because some of the students know the candidates better by face than their names. selections can also be improved if it would use tiles(ala windows 8) with highlighting instead of checkboxes and radio buttons(I just heard someone yesterday complaining of the size). Process Improvement: The system did speed up t he process of voting and counting, however there are still a number of steps before the actual voting process that still slows down the whole process. As per experience, the number of steps are as follows:
81
1. Look for your name in the master List 2. Print your signature in the separate voter's list 3. Submit your ID number to the BEI and ask for a password 4. Log-in with your account name and given password 5. Confirm vote 6. Submit These steps can be reduced up to 2-3 steps if we integrate the biometric identification system with the electronic voting system. 1. Submit identification through the biometric system(the user will then be automatically identified) 2. Select candidates to vote and confirm. 3. submit Overall I would give a geisha bow for the system and for the team who devoted time to pull this off(you guys deserve a clap clap). I know that this system can go a long way and that you guys can carry out these improvements(I'm pretty sure).
31
3/1/201 4 12:36:3 1
Agree
Neutral Neutral
Agree
Strong ly Agree
Strongl y Agree
We can lend some helping hands if you would need some. for the love of SCS. Hooray guys! Congratulations. Technical Improvements: System feedback would be much better if it implemented on the client side instead of server side. Actions such as clicking a button, unclicking a button, and counting the number of checkboxes checked should be provided real time feedback(can be achieved using jquery and ajax). Using jquery and ajax can also improve validation of input. In this way input are
BSIT
4
82
validated even before submitting the whole form. Database implementation implementation would be better if it will support concurrency locks to ensure data integrity(Hooray if this is implemented alreadyclap clap). Heuristic improvement: It would be better if a photo of each candidate will be provided in the UI, because some of the students know the candidates better by face than their names. selections can also be improved if it would use tiles(ala windows 8) with highlighting instead of checkboxes and radio buttons(I just heard someone yesterday complaining of the size). Process Improvement: The system did speed up t he process of voting and counting, however there are still a number of steps before the actual voting process that still slows down the whole process. As per experience, the number of steps are as follows: 1. Look for your name in the master List 2. Print your signature in the separate voter's list 3. Submit your ID number to the BEI and ask for a password 4. Log-in with your account name and given password 5. Confirm vote 6. Submit These steps can be reduced up to 2-3 steps if we integrate the biometric identification system with the electronic voting system. 1. Submit identification through the biometric system(the user will then be automatically identified) 2. Select candidates to vote and confirm.
83
3. submit Overall I would give a geisha bow for the system and for the team who devoted time to pull this off(you guys deserve a clap clap). I know that this system can go a long way and
that you guys can carry out these improvements(I'm pretty sure). We can lend some helping hands if you would need some. for the love of SCS. Hooray guys! Congratulations. 32
33
34
35
3/1/201 4 20:53:3 8 3/1/201 4 20:53:5 4 3/1/201 4 20:55:1 7 3/1/201 4 20:57:5 7
Agree
Agree
Agree
Informat ion System
3
Strongly Agree
Strongl Strongly Strong Strong y Agree ly ly Agree Agree Agree
Strongl y Agree
BSIS
3
Strongly Agree
Neutral Strongly Agree
Strong Strong ly ly Agree Agree
Strongl y Agree
BSIT
1st
BSIS
3rd ye ar
BSIT
3
BSIT
1
Strongly Agree Agree
Agree
Neutral
Agree
Neutra l
Agree
Strong ly Agree
Agree
ok kaau inyo system pero naa kot nadunggan sa uban tao nga naa daw bug gamay pero kung sa mobile kay ok ra kaau :) i love you joseph and idol tka!
36
37
3/1/201 4 21:01:0 1 3/1/201 4
Agree
Neutral Disagre e
Strong Strong ly ly Agree Agree
Neutral
Strongly Agree
Strongl Agree y
Agree
Strongl y
Strong ly
unya naay natabang imo mga kauban?? Where do you get your data for the Student IDs? i believed some ENROLLED Alumni can vote. It'll be better if there are more laptops or mediums to be use to make the election more
84
38
39
40
41
42
43
21:01:1 1 3/1/201 4 21:02:0 5 3/1/201 4 21:05:3 2
3/1/201 4 21:17:1 6 3/1/201 4 22:01:3 0 3/2/201 4 0:30:36 3/2/201 4 20:33:4 8
agree
Agree
Agree
convenient and fast.
Strongly Disagre
Strongl y
Strong ly
Strongl y
marc albaran. idol! sure na ang future
BSCS
2n d
e
Disagr ee Agree
Disagr Disagr ee ee Strong Strongl ly y Agree Agree
BS IT
1
Strongl y Agree
i like this idea. it would make voting faster than ever. i like the way it looks, simple yet accurate, no need to make additional graphics or whatsoever, the important there is the s ystem itself, as a whole i am satisfied with this, and i push natin to, para mapadali ang voting process next election. GO SCS!!!! #wolSCSves :D Katung "unmark" thing. :) Tapos, ang background-theme something! something! All in all, ayus siya (y)
BSIT
3
Agree
keep it up
BSIS
II
BSIT
1
ESETB
2
ESET-A
3
Agree
Agree
Agree
Strongly Agree Agree
Strongly Agree Agree
Agree
Agree
Neutral
Strongly Agree
Strongl Strongly Strong Strong Strongl y Agree ly ly y Agree Agree Agree Agree Disagr Disagre Neutra Disagr Strongl ee e l ee y Disagr ee
Disagre e
Strong ly Agree
Strong Strong ly ly Agree Agree
sure mo ato nga voting system? so very disappointed ato. wala ninyu gi pa test sa public daan, wat if sayup ang program ato? wla pud ninyu gi tagaan ug enough space ang mga tawo nga mu butar. SO VERY DISAPPOINTED lageeeee. wat if mag failure of election? unsaon man tu? HUNA-HUNAA SA UNTA OY :( SOVERYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYD ISAPPOINTED.
44
4/4/201 4
Agree
Strongly Agree
Strong ly
Strong ly
Agree
85
20:16:5 2
Agree
Agree
86
APPENDIX H Screenshots of the System
Screenshot 1: Login Screen
Screenshot 2: Login Validations
Screenshot 3: Student Administrator Main Menu
87
Screenshot 4: BEI search
Screenshot 5: Ballots
88
Screenshot 6: Edit Account Type
Screenshot 7: Student Administrator Results
89
APPENDIX I Curriculum Vitae Jansen P. Castillo 037 Zone 4 Barangay BagongSilang Lanao del Norte, Philippines, 9200 Mobile no.: +63905-602-8671 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
“No one is dumb who is curious. The people who don’t ask questions remain clueless throughout
their lives.” – Neil deGrasse Tyson Tyson PROJECT EXPERIENCE
2013 KASAMA electronic voting system
Software Engineering Class team project
As part of this class team project, worked on webpage design. Our team delivered a functioning hotel booking system on the final submission. (CodeIgniter,PHP and HTML Programming).
EDUCATION Mindanao State University – Iligan Iligan Institute of Technology
School Year 2010-2014 Bonifacio Avenue, Tibanga, Iligan City, Lanao del Norte, Philippines Bachelor of Science in Information Technology – Major Major in Multimedia Systems
La Salle Academy 2006-2010
Brother Raymund Jeffrey Street, Pala-o, Iligan City Highschool/Secondary Education Diploma
90
TRAININGS OR SEMINARS ATTENDED
11thIligan City Computing Fair
September, 2013
MSU-IIT
Software Freedom Day
September, 2012
MSU-IIT
SKILLS AND INTERESTS
Web Design using HTML/CSS
Knowledge in multimedia development tools(Photoshop, Dreamweaver, Flash, After
Effects)
Blogging (Wordpress and Drupal)
Basic Java programming
Proficient in Microsoft Office Applications (MS Word, MS Excel, MS PowerPoint) and
Prezi Desktop Presentation Program
Computer Hardware and Software Installation Installation and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting
Photography
AFFILIATIONS/MEMBERSHIP
Knights of the altar of Saint Michaels parish Cathedral
Member, S.Y. 2005 – 2010 2010
La Salle Academy Alumni Association
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Nick Name: Jan
Place of Birth: Iligan City
Age: 21 years old
Citizenship: Filipino
Gender: Male
Languages Spoken: English, Tagalog, Cebuano
Legal Status: Single Religion: Roman Catholic Date of Birth: March 3, 1993
91
Raoul Kristoffer D. Celdran 015 Celdran Compound, Macapagal Avenue, Tubod Lanao del Norte, Philippines, 9200 Mobile no.: +63916-427-5287 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
" Now, if you know what you’re worth, then go out and get what you’re worth. But you gotta be willing to take the hits, and not pointing fingers saying you ain’t where you wanna be because of him, or her, or anybody. Cowards do that and that ain’t you. You’re better than that! " - Rocky Balboa
WORK EXPERIENCE Brother Brew Traders, Corp. Tubod, Iligan City Data Encoder – Trainee Trainee July 2014 – October October 2014
Inputs sales and inventory reports into the system Assisted in maintaining monthly and annual sales and inventory inventor y reports compilation
PROJECT EXPERIENCE
Hotel Booking System Software Engineering Class team project As part of this class team project, worked on webpagedesign. Our team delivered a functioning hotel booking system on the final submission. (CodeIgniter,PHP and HTML Programming).
Cowboys Hates Cockroaches flash game desktop application Game Development Class team project As part of this class team project, worked on storyboarding and design. Our team
delivered a functioning game on the final submission. (Adobe Flash CS5 Professional, Flash Programming).
Diamond Carwash Business Project Management Class team project As part of this class team project, worked on the logo. Our team delivered a mock business project for our final.
92
Conducted and Presented Usability Test on Iligan Computer Compu ter Institute(ICI) Institute(ICI) website Team project
University School Website Design Penn Foster online project
EDUCATION Mindanao State University – Iligan Iligan Institute of Technology School Year 2010-2014 Bonifacio Avenue, Tibanga, Iligan City, Lanao del Norte, Philippines Bachelor of Science in Information Technology – Major in Multimedia Systems Penn Foster College
May 2014 – September September 2014 La Salle Academy 2006-2010 Brother Raymund Jeffrey Street, Pala-o, Iligan City Highschool/Secondary Education Diploma TRAININGS OR SEMINARS ATTENDED
11thIligan City Computing Fair September, 2013 MSU-IIT Committee Conducted Game Exposition in Game Development class project
SKILLS AND INTERESTS
Web Design using HTML/CSS Web Programming using PHP/Javascript Database design and management in PostgreSQL Knowledge in multimedia development tools(Photoshop, Dreamweaver, Flash, After Effects)
Blogging (Wordpress and Drupal) Basic Java programming Proficient in Microsoft Office Applications (MS Word, MS Excel, MS PowerPoint) and Prezi Desktop Presentation Program Computer Hardware and Software Installation Installation and Troubleshooting Photography
93
AFFILIATIONS/MEMBERSHIP
Association of IIT Alumni Foundation, Inc. (AIITAFI) 2010 – present present Junior Information Technology Society (JITS), MSU – IIT IIT Member, S.Y. 2010 – 2014 2014 La Salle Academy Alumni Association
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Nick Name: Topet Age: 21 years old
Gender: Male Legal Status: Single Religion: Roman Catholic Date of Birth: August 1, 1993 Place of Birth: Iligan City Citizenship: Filipino Languages Spoken: English, Tagalog, Cebuano
94
Nathaniel A. General Purok I, Sitio Central Brgy. Luna, 8400 Surigao City, Philippines Mobile no.: +639358736016 Email: [email protected] Email:
“Life is what we make it, always has been, always will be.” – Grandma Grandma Moses
WORK EXPERIENCE Freelance Online Article Writer August 2012 – October October 2012
