NCP 30
Content
ASSIGNMENT
10 ON
PRODUCTIVITY & WORK STUDYTECHNIQUES IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTSNCP 31
____________________________________________________________________
SUBMITTED BY:
Arunashish MazumdarC.U. GPPM (PGPCM)M-13REG NO: 212-06-14-10687-2141
____________________________________________________________________
DEPARTMENT OF PGPCMNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT AND
RESEARCHSCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION25/1, BALEWADI, N.I.A. POST OFFICE, PUNE
–
411045
Date of dispatch: 12/11/2013 Date of receipt: _________________
ASSIGNMENT
Your company has been awarded a prestigious contract of building 500 m length pre-stressed concrete bridge
on a national highway crossing the major river. Due to cultivation on both sides of highway, very restricted
space of only 100 M in width and 300 m in length is available on both sides of highway. To mobilize the site,
your management asked you to house 350T of cement, 300T of steel, 2size II crawlers
–
Tractor Dozer, one mobile crane, one JCB, ten dumpers. Labor force of 100men in addition to site office
complete with communication set up.Discuss your plan to organize the site, draw lay out sketch showing all
details. Wind directions from West to East and Bridge direction is East to-West.
Once the contract is signed by the company, the project execution would start. A detail plan for mobilization is
prepared and manpower as well as plant and equipment allocation is forecasted and provision is made for the
same. As a handing over of a site and other formalities such as bank guaranties, mobilization advance would
take place in due course, the time required to complete this formalities would be use foe the project study,
take off plan and organizing the site mobilization. Depending upon the nature of work, category of work, size &
stages of completion of work organize site staffing appropriate manner is very important. Due to there is
involvement of much more agencies like client / owner, consultant, subcontractor ,vendor / supplier, local
authorities, traffic problems on highway we need proper co-ordination, involvement, good understanding
amongst all project team.
1. Project manager:
As shown in organization chart project manager is leader for all activities and effective communication system.
Resident engineer is reporting to the project manager.
2. Resident engineer:
The resident engineer is support to the project manager but all functional in charge / heads of all departments
is directly reporting to the resident engineer. The main scope of resident engineer is to keeping co-ordination
in all the staff, site related person, subcontractor, consultant; and supplier. Following diff department works
under supervision of resident engineer.
3.Planning dept. Responsibility
– Plan each and every work activity as per time limit given by the client making bar chart material schedule,
making labor schedule, making plant, machinery schedule, achieving better quality in min cost is the main
aim of this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system
– Jr. planning engineers also appointed for helping planning engineer and make, design basic plans, ideas and
reports to planning engineer.
4. Execution dept. Responsibility– Execution of work as per drawing plans and specification is main work of
executiondept. In this department Sr. execution engineer and gang of Jr. Engineers is appointed. Personnel
structure & reporting system - In execution department or. Engineer, supervisor under inspection of sr.
execution engineer does checking of work progressing on site. Sr. engineer reports to execution manager
5. Store dept. Responsibility – Inspection of material and goods coming on site, intimate or instruct to
respectivedept. (Material ordered by) maintaining material inward, outward registers making, storing and
housing all material on site in proper place as per the site condition and handover material to contractor as per
their requirement, keeping their records is the main work of store dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system In this dept. store manager is the head of our site and storekeeper and store asst. will help and report to store
manager.
6.Quality dept. Responsibility – Checking of all material coming on site ,testing of all the material as per
requirement (lab test ) Making or verifying mix design of material going to use for site execution, inspection
and checking of all activities of execution work regarding quality norms and condition, testing of work
executed like sample testing ( cube testing ) nondestructive testing making of audit report maintaining
material testing, mix design, concrete testing, audit test registers on site is the main work of this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system Quality engineer is the head of this dept. Jr. engineer and quality assistance will help to Quality engineer.
7.Quantity surveying dept. Responsibility
– Checking of all drawing and specification regarding site, estimating and surveying quantity of each work
activity separately, calculating material required quantity, labor required quantity for each and every item is
the main work of this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system Quantity estimation engineer is the head of this dept. Jr. engineer will help to estimation engineer. All basic
plan sand calculation Jr. engineer make and report to reengineer under supervision of estimation engineer
8. Account / Billing dept. Responsibility –
Checking of all bill quoted by sub-contractor or contractor (R.A. bills or final bills) aspen their site executed
work, making of payment of contractors and subcontractors is the main work of billing dept. Keeping total
money expenditure regarding site, checking of departmental labor bill making payment of all site office related
staff and helper is the main work of account dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system Billing engineer is the head of this dept. Jr. billing engineer will help to billing engineer. All bills primarily
checking with execution engineer making changes as perjury. Engineer does requirement. In account dept. one
Jr. Accountant help to account in charge.
9. Services Dept. Responsibility– Our site is huge type of construction therefore there is requirement of no of
services delay due to absence of any services is very dangers. Arrangement of electrical supply, water supply,
making or repairing of any construction equipment and machinery, electrical equipment, is the main work of
this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system Quantity In this dept. all types of skilled workers and supervisor like plumber, electrician, mechanic, welder, is
working under supervision of Jr. Engineer and Reengineer is directly report to the services engineer.
10.Safety and health Dept. Responsibility
Making safety working environment, safety all site worker and staff, improving and applying all safety
instruction on site is the main work of this dept. cleaning of site office maintains and cleans all site awareness,
cleaning of Labour camp periodically, making arrangement of good drinking water, good latrine / w .c. Facility
on site is the main work of health dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system Safety engineer and Jr. Safety engineer’s work as per site condition and safety supervisor help to Jr. Engineer.
11. Administration Dept. Responsibility
Supervision and arrange all site office requirements/ facility’s, supervision on site
security guards, checking their registers, keeping site off inward and outward is the main work of this dept.
Admin. In charge and there asst. are responsible for this work.
2. Project Communication
2.1 INTRODUCTION
The performance of any project can be evaluated from the daily reports and other correspondence that it
maintains. Well framed reporting systems serve as an effective tool of information, which if compiled,
documented and analyzed, provides a record on the project for 'future reference. The management can adopt
certain systems to control the progress of a project. The documentation required, acts as an effective tool of
control over the overall performance of every individual, from the engineer, the site staff, consultants to the
architect, involved in these systems. The procedure for documentation of the in-house and outside
correspondence, at different stages of work, is standardized, In this chapter we discuss some of these
procedures and the methods of correspondence, that facilitate the working and help gain overall control over
the staff and systems.
2.2 PROJECT COMMUNICATION WITH HEAD QUARTER
All correspondence is related to the progress of the site work.-Correspondence from the site to Head Office is
an important communication channel for the senior management.-The required frequency of reports and
the correspondence from the site to Head office is directly proportional.-Daily correspondence-Fortnightly
correspondence-Monthly correspondence
DAILY CORRESPONDENCE
This is the day to day reporting to the Head Office by the Project Engineer or site in-charge.-The Project
Engineer should leave the site, half an hour prior to the closing time for reporting to the Head Office.-If many
sites are in progress, all site engineers, reporting to the Head Office, should note down the time of their
respective reporting and departure.-The documents should be collected in their respective site trays at
the H.O.
(1) D.P.R. (DAILY PROGRESS REPORT)
It is a very important report.-It is in a tabular format, indicating the actual work completed at the site on
particular day, the quantity of cement bags consumed per building and the ratio of cement bags/sq.m.D.P.R. of
the previous day should be written and submitted immediately on the nextday.Work program of each building,
for the next day, should be written separately.-The arrival time of the contractor's Labour and the
departmental Labour is notedesperately.Every D.P.R. must carry the name of the site, date and should be duly
signed by the senior engineer and the Project Engineer. The D.P.R. is a tool for the higher authorities / Chief
Engineer to check the activities of the day.
(2) MATERIAL INWARD REPORT
This report deals with the opening and closing balance of cement, empty bags, lime, blocks etc. It gives
information of all the materials received and is attached with the challansfrom suppliers. Supplier’s challah
should contain the following information
Supplier's name-Chillan number-Date-Site-Site stamp with the storekeeper's signature-Quantity of material!
Measurement of truck -Time-Signature of the driver-Name, class, type, quality and quantity of the materials
received On every challah, the measurement of the truck, receiving time and the vehicle number must be
noted.-The challah for the material received, should be stamped on the other side, along with the Project
Engineer's signature.-It makes records of all material received. Material transferred from site to site can also
be noted with the IO.C. No. and the M.T.R. No.
(3) M.T.R. (MATERIAL TRANSFER RECEIPT)
It is the receipt for any material transferred from one site to the other. It notes down the quantity along with
the S.R.P. (Stock register page) No. and the M.T.R. No.
(4) MATERIAL ISSUE SLIP
This slip is used by the site engineer/supervisor for issuing materials to the contractor / departmental laborer
from the store.-The storekeeper must not issue any material without the material issue slip. The Engineer must
carry an issue slip book with him while on site.-The material issue slip has the following advantages-It helps
control all work activities, since every material is issued by the engineer. Materials can be utilized properly.
Entry of the personnel in the store can be controlled.-Material reconciliation for a particular work in a
particular building can be done. Signature of contractor /representative confirms the acceptance of materials.
(5) DAILY STORE CONSUMPTION REPORT
It notes the material issued to the contractor along with the date, particulars, quantity and the building where
it is used. It also gives details like who issued it, to whom and the S.R.P. No.-This report should be kept at the
site along with the original issue slip.-It is to be written by the storekeeper.-It is useful in record updating and
reporting to the Head office.
(6) DAILY (DEPARTMENTAL) LABOUR SLIP
This report records the details of laborers, directly appointed by the company as departmental laborers. These
details are recorded by the supervisor.-The Engineer should check the sites where these laborers work.-The
report gives self-explanatory description of the work done by the departmentallabourers along with their
designations. It should be signed by the site engineer and the Project Engineer.-The report enables in the
verification and preparing of the weekly cash bill of departmental Labour.
(7) MEMO DETAILS
Avoid issuing a memo to contractors. If at all it is to be written ensure that it is signed by the contractor and is
forwarded to Head office for necessary action.-Memo notes can be sent to contractors for deduction of
payment from his bill, for reasons like non-fulfillment of work as per the agreement, failure in maintaining the
work schedule, wastage of material or instructions regarding the program of work, improvement in quality etc.
It should be sent in duplicate to the Head Office.-After the Chief Engineer signs the memo, a copy should go to
the contractor and the other to the respective division for necessary actions.
WEEKLY CORRESPONDENCE(1) CASH BILLS
Cash bills should be submitted to the Head Office every week on pre-arranged day.
(2) SETTLEMENT OF ACCOUNTS
On account' money can be given to the site engineer depending on the expenses that might be incurred during
the coming week.- Cash voucher receipt (Refer Format No.13.10) should be made with complete narration and
supporting documents. It should be forwarded to the Head Office on a pre-arranged day and should be
adjusted against the impress amount.
(3)INDENT (REQUISITION)
Indent is a printed format to raise demands for materials required at the site. It can be submitted twice a week
to the purchase department through the Chief Engineer.
(4)PENDING INDENT
Pending indents are re-submitted when the material for indents submitted earlier has not been received, nor
has the information regarding their supply been received fromthe purchase department.-They should be
submitted on a fortnightly basis.
FORTNIGHTLY REPORTING
Submit updated RA. Bills every fortnight to the Head Office. RA. Bills could be a Labour bill for RC.C. Masonry,
tiling, plumbing etc.-Customer enquiry report should be submitted every 15 days to the sales department.
MONTHLY REPORTING
The site should send the following reports to the Head Office every month on a fixed day.
(1) MONTHLY MATERIAL CONSUMPTION REPORT
This statement records the total material consumption during a particular month and sent to the Head Office
for verification.-IT gives an idea of the total receipt, previous balance, updated stock, consumption during the
month, and transfer to other sites etc.
2) MONTHLY CEMENT CONSUMPTION REPORT
This report records the opening balance every day, cement received, total stock, consumption per day,
transfer to any other site (+/-), closing stock and S.RP. No. It is submitted to the Head Office.
(3) ELECTRIC METER READING REPORT
Every construction site has an electric meter on site.-Large projects will have more than one electric meter.-If
the bills are more than expected, it might be due to wrong feeding of the meter reading. Have it cross-checked
with the reading noted down by the site staff. Approach the Electricity Board for getting the bill corrected
according to the actual reading. This helps in avoiding excess payments for electricity.
(4) WATER METER READING REPORT
Maintain records for water supplied by the Municipal Corporation. This report helps calculate the total
consumption of water at the construction site for a given month. Also the bills received from the Municipal
Corporation can be cross checked. These readings will help calculate the constant of water charges per
sq.m/s.ft. Of built-up and for future estimations.
(5) MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT REPORT
Construction sites have construction machineries and instruments such as concrete mixer, lift, vibrator, diesel
engine, dumpy level, theodolite etc.-Ongoing work at different sites can make very difficult to find out the
conditions of machineries at each site.-Machinery report helps in maintaining all the machines at all times.These reports are to be sent to the maintenance division every month, along with details of the machine,
make/type, numbers, H.P., phase condition of the machines, causes for maintenance, estimated cost of repairs
etc.
(6) EXCESS MATERIAL LIST
Excess material list indicates the material available at the site, not required for a certain period and time.-In
such cases, the material can be utilized at another site.
The report should be sent to the purchase department through the Chief Engineer, to cater to the
requirements of another site instead of purchasing new materials.
(7) CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS CHART
This report should be prepared every month for each site.-It records and helps calculate the work progress of
each activity, for a particular building, as a percentage. The percentage derived, is based on the average
calculation of the estimated expenses for each activity.-This chart is very important for the management. The
quantum of the work completed during the month, for each site/ each building, can be justified and total
funds used can also be compared and justified using this chart. Over and above this report, a monthly report
should be prepared by the Chief Engineer and forwarded to the Directors .It should contain the relevant
information regarding the progress of project. Details of this report are as follows. It should be submitted by
the Chief Engineer on a fixed day, every month. It should include details of all the work completed at the site,
during that month. Possession dates should also be given along with this report. Reasons for the delay of work,
if any, should be mentioned. The report should be submitted to the Director to inform him of the progress of
work at the site
(8) CUBE TESTING REPORT
Apart from these reports, the site staff should send concrete cubes taken during concreting work to the
testing laboratory for testing purposes, as and when required.-Test cubes should be sent with all information.Records should be maintained at site and a copy of cube testing report should be sent to Head Office for office
record purpose.
2.3 REPORTING SYSTEM
The site in-charge should report to the Chief -Engineer each evening. .-Site in-charge should leave the site half an
hour prior to the closing hour for reporting to the C.E. Apart from this, he should discuss the following aspects
of the daily schedule -Progress of work -The next day's program-Accidents (if any)-Visits of the top
management.-Decisions/ drawings required from the architect/ consultants-Receipt of material, storage and
requirement of urgent material (if any)-Thefts/disputes at the site-Rejection of materials-Water /electricity
supply failure/machine failure-Quality of materials-Any other related points
NOTE: The site engineer should collect the required certificates/documents during the site visits of the
Architect and submit a copy to the Head Office.
2.4 CORRESPONDENCE FROM SITE TO STRUCTURAL DESIGNER
For any corrections after checking the working drawings with the RC.C. Drawings, the site in-charge should
directly contact the structural designer after informing the C.E. The structural designer should be contacted
for, Checking the strata/trial pit-Checking the reinforcement before the concreting of slabs-Checking of
reinforcement for O.H.W.T./ U.G.W.T. / septic tanks/other critical work Queries regarding RC.C. Drawings
Checking the strength and stability of a particular member of the structure after casting-For the structural
details required for any rectification work
NOTE: The site engineer should collect the required certificates/documents during the site visits of the RC.C.
Designer and submit a copy to the Head Office.
2.5 CORRESPONDENCE TO OTHER CONSULTANTS(1) ELECTRICAL CONSULTANT
The site in-charge should contact the electrical consultant for:-Estimation of cabling work/layout and to give
requirement of cables-Checking the layout of LT. room-During slab concreting-During road work for electrical
conduiting.For installation of meter for construction purposes and shifting of meter while thework is in
progress-To supervise installation of the meter.-During the development work/street lighting work etc.Checking of material specifications-Checking of work samples
NOTE: The site engineer should collect the required certificates/documents during the sitevisits of the
consultant and submit a copy to the Head Office.
(2) PLUMBING CONSULTANT
The plumbing consultant should be contacted after receiving all the drawings,-To discuss practical difficulties
of the drawing.-To show the sample collection of plumbing pipes, fittings and accessories.-To check and certify
water and drainage stacks, details using different testing methods like pressure testing, smoke testing etc.-
QUERIES:
For the proposed bridge site near Delhi certain queries are searched and found for arranging materials
required for the construction of pre-stressed bridge such as:1) At a distance of 10 kms. from the site,
strata below the ground i.e. around3mbelow ground is found adequately hard so as to be used as aggregate
after processing it in crushers.2) Also at a distance of 25 kms. from the site, along the coastal side, natural sand
is available in plenty known as river sand, which is screened and used as required. If transportation cost is
affordable, then in between Lonavla & Khopoli, abundant of hard rock, boulder & stones are available, which
can be used at various construction stages of pre-stressed concrete bridge.
Stores and stacking yards
In the project site, sufficient covered stores or open storage is necessary for maintaining the material in good
condition. Cement is usually supplied in bags, which is stored at the site in covered shed. The sheds are
constructed with brick wall, IPS floor, tubular structure trusses, roofing with sheets. Bags not exceeding 10
are stacke done over another. If more than 10 bags are stacked then the lower bags tend to set, making
cement non-usable. In case cement is used in large quantities for concreting by the batching plant, and precast element plant, is stored in bulk in vertical silos. The silos are filled up by a pneumatic pump fixed on the
cement bulk carrier. From the silo cement is conveyed into the mixer of the batching plant and pre-cast
element plant, through a screw conveyor.
Services
The site camp is to be provided with services like electric supply, sewage disposal, communication, telephone.
In case regular power supply is available from the grid, it can be tapped and necessary substation with
transformer installed at site. If grid power is not available then, it may be necessary to generate own power by
installing diesel penetrating se1s at the sets. Water supply can similarly be tapped, if water lines are passing
nearby in the vicinity, by providing underground storage tank and distribution through a pumping system and
over head tank. In case water mains are not available, tube well could be bored for water. Necessary
treatment of water to make it safe for intended consumption will have to be carried out. For sewage disposal,
since the camp is only for a temporary duration septic tank, could be provided. If it is a large site, and enough
land is available, then it may be possible to provide an oxidation pond for sewage disposal. The effluent from
the pond could be used for horticultural purposes of the site.
In order to carry out the enabling work which is required at the very initial stage of the project itself, it may be
desirable for the organization, to set up a 'crack team' which can go in advance to the site and build up all the
temporary structures, services required for the enabling works. This will cut down the time required by the
main project team, on their arrival at the site, and they could embark upon straight-away on execution of the
main project. Such a 'crack team' can move from project to project for the organization, and they would be
well trained in carrying out this activity. On the other hand, if project team assigned with the main work, is to
first build up the enabling works, a lot of time is lost for the project. On most international project, and on
some major projects within country, of structure being adopted for the site camp isof portable nature. These
are in the form of light steel or wooden structure, which are mounted on skid beams or wheels, and can be
moved to the camp site, at a very short notice. The Port cabins are provided with electrical, plumbing and
sanitary fixture, and the system becomes operational at site by plugging into the electrical and water supply.
Through the initial cost of the system may be more but over a period of time it would become economically
viable since the structure can be shifted to site, whereas, if the camp is built with conventional materials. Like
steel, concrete, the cost would be higher in the longer run, besides the extra time required to build the Camp.
TRANSPORTATION:
The proposed bridge site is at Kirari, located 35 kms away from Delhi. The means of transportation are as
follows:i) For staff workers & engineers, not residing on site, a minibus is arranged by the organization for
their daily conveyance.ii) In case of emergencies, such as fatal accident or injury on site, the organization has
arranged an ambulance in the form of omni-van with small stretcher laid inside the van.iii) For immediate or
unexpected requirement of material o site, 2 standby trucks are arranged for conveyance of material on site
from around the vicinity of 100 kms from site.iv) For receiving consultants and executives from the nearest
terminal, an automobile such as Scorpio or Qualis is arranged by the organization. All the expenses requiredfor
the above conveyance are added into the total cost of the project as contingencies.
10 ON
PRODUCTIVITY & WORK STUDYTECHNIQUES IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTSNCP 31
____________________________________________________________________
SUBMITTED BY:
Arunashish MazumdarC.U. GPPM (PGPCM)M-13REG NO: 212-06-14-10687-2141
____________________________________________________________________
DEPARTMENT OF PGPCMNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT AND
RESEARCHSCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION25/1, BALEWADI, N.I.A. POST OFFICE, PUNE
–
411045
Date of dispatch: 12/11/2013 Date of receipt: _________________
ASSIGNMENT
Your company has been awarded a prestigious contract of building 500 m length pre-stressed concrete bridge
on a national highway crossing the major river. Due to cultivation on both sides of highway, very restricted
space of only 100 M in width and 300 m in length is available on both sides of highway. To mobilize the site,
your management asked you to house 350T of cement, 300T of steel, 2size II crawlers
–
Tractor Dozer, one mobile crane, one JCB, ten dumpers. Labor force of 100men in addition to site office
complete with communication set up.Discuss your plan to organize the site, draw lay out sketch showing all
details. Wind directions from West to East and Bridge direction is East to-West.
Once the contract is signed by the company, the project execution would start. A detail plan for mobilization is
prepared and manpower as well as plant and equipment allocation is forecasted and provision is made for the
same. As a handing over of a site and other formalities such as bank guaranties, mobilization advance would
take place in due course, the time required to complete this formalities would be use foe the project study,
take off plan and organizing the site mobilization. Depending upon the nature of work, category of work, size &
stages of completion of work organize site staffing appropriate manner is very important. Due to there is
involvement of much more agencies like client / owner, consultant, subcontractor ,vendor / supplier, local
authorities, traffic problems on highway we need proper co-ordination, involvement, good understanding
amongst all project team.
1. Project manager:
As shown in organization chart project manager is leader for all activities and effective communication system.
Resident engineer is reporting to the project manager.
2. Resident engineer:
The resident engineer is support to the project manager but all functional in charge / heads of all departments
is directly reporting to the resident engineer. The main scope of resident engineer is to keeping co-ordination
in all the staff, site related person, subcontractor, consultant; and supplier. Following diff department works
under supervision of resident engineer.
3.Planning dept. Responsibility
– Plan each and every work activity as per time limit given by the client making bar chart material schedule,
making labor schedule, making plant, machinery schedule, achieving better quality in min cost is the main
aim of this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system
– Jr. planning engineers also appointed for helping planning engineer and make, design basic plans, ideas and
reports to planning engineer.
4. Execution dept. Responsibility– Execution of work as per drawing plans and specification is main work of
executiondept. In this department Sr. execution engineer and gang of Jr. Engineers is appointed. Personnel
structure & reporting system - In execution department or. Engineer, supervisor under inspection of sr.
execution engineer does checking of work progressing on site. Sr. engineer reports to execution manager
5. Store dept. Responsibility – Inspection of material and goods coming on site, intimate or instruct to
respectivedept. (Material ordered by) maintaining material inward, outward registers making, storing and
housing all material on site in proper place as per the site condition and handover material to contractor as per
their requirement, keeping their records is the main work of store dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system In this dept. store manager is the head of our site and storekeeper and store asst. will help and report to store
manager.
6.Quality dept. Responsibility – Checking of all material coming on site ,testing of all the material as per
requirement (lab test ) Making or verifying mix design of material going to use for site execution, inspection
and checking of all activities of execution work regarding quality norms and condition, testing of work
executed like sample testing ( cube testing ) nondestructive testing making of audit report maintaining
material testing, mix design, concrete testing, audit test registers on site is the main work of this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system Quality engineer is the head of this dept. Jr. engineer and quality assistance will help to Quality engineer.
7.Quantity surveying dept. Responsibility
– Checking of all drawing and specification regarding site, estimating and surveying quantity of each work
activity separately, calculating material required quantity, labor required quantity for each and every item is
the main work of this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system Quantity estimation engineer is the head of this dept. Jr. engineer will help to estimation engineer. All basic
plan sand calculation Jr. engineer make and report to reengineer under supervision of estimation engineer
8. Account / Billing dept. Responsibility –
Checking of all bill quoted by sub-contractor or contractor (R.A. bills or final bills) aspen their site executed
work, making of payment of contractors and subcontractors is the main work of billing dept. Keeping total
money expenditure regarding site, checking of departmental labor bill making payment of all site office related
staff and helper is the main work of account dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system Billing engineer is the head of this dept. Jr. billing engineer will help to billing engineer. All bills primarily
checking with execution engineer making changes as perjury. Engineer does requirement. In account dept. one
Jr. Accountant help to account in charge.
9. Services Dept. Responsibility– Our site is huge type of construction therefore there is requirement of no of
services delay due to absence of any services is very dangers. Arrangement of electrical supply, water supply,
making or repairing of any construction equipment and machinery, electrical equipment, is the main work of
this dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system Quantity In this dept. all types of skilled workers and supervisor like plumber, electrician, mechanic, welder, is
working under supervision of Jr. Engineer and Reengineer is directly report to the services engineer.
10.Safety and health Dept. Responsibility
Making safety working environment, safety all site worker and staff, improving and applying all safety
instruction on site is the main work of this dept. cleaning of site office maintains and cleans all site awareness,
cleaning of Labour camp periodically, making arrangement of good drinking water, good latrine / w .c. Facility
on site is the main work of health dept.
Personnel structure & reporting system Safety engineer and Jr. Safety engineer’s work as per site condition and safety supervisor help to Jr. Engineer.
11. Administration Dept. Responsibility
Supervision and arrange all site office requirements/ facility’s, supervision on site
security guards, checking their registers, keeping site off inward and outward is the main work of this dept.
Admin. In charge and there asst. are responsible for this work.
2. Project Communication
2.1 INTRODUCTION
The performance of any project can be evaluated from the daily reports and other correspondence that it
maintains. Well framed reporting systems serve as an effective tool of information, which if compiled,
documented and analyzed, provides a record on the project for 'future reference. The management can adopt
certain systems to control the progress of a project. The documentation required, acts as an effective tool of
control over the overall performance of every individual, from the engineer, the site staff, consultants to the
architect, involved in these systems. The procedure for documentation of the in-house and outside
correspondence, at different stages of work, is standardized, In this chapter we discuss some of these
procedures and the methods of correspondence, that facilitate the working and help gain overall control over
the staff and systems.
2.2 PROJECT COMMUNICATION WITH HEAD QUARTER
All correspondence is related to the progress of the site work.-Correspondence from the site to Head Office is
an important communication channel for the senior management.-The required frequency of reports and
the correspondence from the site to Head office is directly proportional.-Daily correspondence-Fortnightly
correspondence-Monthly correspondence
DAILY CORRESPONDENCE
This is the day to day reporting to the Head Office by the Project Engineer or site in-charge.-The Project
Engineer should leave the site, half an hour prior to the closing time for reporting to the Head Office.-If many
sites are in progress, all site engineers, reporting to the Head Office, should note down the time of their
respective reporting and departure.-The documents should be collected in their respective site trays at
the H.O.
(1) D.P.R. (DAILY PROGRESS REPORT)
It is a very important report.-It is in a tabular format, indicating the actual work completed at the site on
particular day, the quantity of cement bags consumed per building and the ratio of cement bags/sq.m.D.P.R. of
the previous day should be written and submitted immediately on the nextday.Work program of each building,
for the next day, should be written separately.-The arrival time of the contractor's Labour and the
departmental Labour is notedesperately.Every D.P.R. must carry the name of the site, date and should be duly
signed by the senior engineer and the Project Engineer. The D.P.R. is a tool for the higher authorities / Chief
Engineer to check the activities of the day.
(2) MATERIAL INWARD REPORT
This report deals with the opening and closing balance of cement, empty bags, lime, blocks etc. It gives
information of all the materials received and is attached with the challansfrom suppliers. Supplier’s challah
should contain the following information
Supplier's name-Chillan number-Date-Site-Site stamp with the storekeeper's signature-Quantity of material!
Measurement of truck -Time-Signature of the driver-Name, class, type, quality and quantity of the materials
received On every challah, the measurement of the truck, receiving time and the vehicle number must be
noted.-The challah for the material received, should be stamped on the other side, along with the Project
Engineer's signature.-It makes records of all material received. Material transferred from site to site can also
be noted with the IO.C. No. and the M.T.R. No.
(3) M.T.R. (MATERIAL TRANSFER RECEIPT)
It is the receipt for any material transferred from one site to the other. It notes down the quantity along with
the S.R.P. (Stock register page) No. and the M.T.R. No.
(4) MATERIAL ISSUE SLIP
This slip is used by the site engineer/supervisor for issuing materials to the contractor / departmental laborer
from the store.-The storekeeper must not issue any material without the material issue slip. The Engineer must
carry an issue slip book with him while on site.-The material issue slip has the following advantages-It helps
control all work activities, since every material is issued by the engineer. Materials can be utilized properly.
Entry of the personnel in the store can be controlled.-Material reconciliation for a particular work in a
particular building can be done. Signature of contractor /representative confirms the acceptance of materials.
(5) DAILY STORE CONSUMPTION REPORT
It notes the material issued to the contractor along with the date, particulars, quantity and the building where
it is used. It also gives details like who issued it, to whom and the S.R.P. No.-This report should be kept at the
site along with the original issue slip.-It is to be written by the storekeeper.-It is useful in record updating and
reporting to the Head office.
(6) DAILY (DEPARTMENTAL) LABOUR SLIP
This report records the details of laborers, directly appointed by the company as departmental laborers. These
details are recorded by the supervisor.-The Engineer should check the sites where these laborers work.-The
report gives self-explanatory description of the work done by the departmentallabourers along with their
designations. It should be signed by the site engineer and the Project Engineer.-The report enables in the
verification and preparing of the weekly cash bill of departmental Labour.
(7) MEMO DETAILS
Avoid issuing a memo to contractors. If at all it is to be written ensure that it is signed by the contractor and is
forwarded to Head office for necessary action.-Memo notes can be sent to contractors for deduction of
payment from his bill, for reasons like non-fulfillment of work as per the agreement, failure in maintaining the
work schedule, wastage of material or instructions regarding the program of work, improvement in quality etc.
It should be sent in duplicate to the Head Office.-After the Chief Engineer signs the memo, a copy should go to
the contractor and the other to the respective division for necessary actions.
WEEKLY CORRESPONDENCE(1) CASH BILLS
Cash bills should be submitted to the Head Office every week on pre-arranged day.
(2) SETTLEMENT OF ACCOUNTS
On account' money can be given to the site engineer depending on the expenses that might be incurred during
the coming week.- Cash voucher receipt (Refer Format No.13.10) should be made with complete narration and
supporting documents. It should be forwarded to the Head Office on a pre-arranged day and should be
adjusted against the impress amount.
(3)INDENT (REQUISITION)
Indent is a printed format to raise demands for materials required at the site. It can be submitted twice a week
to the purchase department through the Chief Engineer.
(4)PENDING INDENT
Pending indents are re-submitted when the material for indents submitted earlier has not been received, nor
has the information regarding their supply been received fromthe purchase department.-They should be
submitted on a fortnightly basis.
FORTNIGHTLY REPORTING
Submit updated RA. Bills every fortnight to the Head Office. RA. Bills could be a Labour bill for RC.C. Masonry,
tiling, plumbing etc.-Customer enquiry report should be submitted every 15 days to the sales department.
MONTHLY REPORTING
The site should send the following reports to the Head Office every month on a fixed day.
(1) MONTHLY MATERIAL CONSUMPTION REPORT
This statement records the total material consumption during a particular month and sent to the Head Office
for verification.-IT gives an idea of the total receipt, previous balance, updated stock, consumption during the
month, and transfer to other sites etc.
2) MONTHLY CEMENT CONSUMPTION REPORT
This report records the opening balance every day, cement received, total stock, consumption per day,
transfer to any other site (+/-), closing stock and S.RP. No. It is submitted to the Head Office.
(3) ELECTRIC METER READING REPORT
Every construction site has an electric meter on site.-Large projects will have more than one electric meter.-If
the bills are more than expected, it might be due to wrong feeding of the meter reading. Have it cross-checked
with the reading noted down by the site staff. Approach the Electricity Board for getting the bill corrected
according to the actual reading. This helps in avoiding excess payments for electricity.
(4) WATER METER READING REPORT
Maintain records for water supplied by the Municipal Corporation. This report helps calculate the total
consumption of water at the construction site for a given month. Also the bills received from the Municipal
Corporation can be cross checked. These readings will help calculate the constant of water charges per
sq.m/s.ft. Of built-up and for future estimations.
(5) MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT REPORT
Construction sites have construction machineries and instruments such as concrete mixer, lift, vibrator, diesel
engine, dumpy level, theodolite etc.-Ongoing work at different sites can make very difficult to find out the
conditions of machineries at each site.-Machinery report helps in maintaining all the machines at all times.These reports are to be sent to the maintenance division every month, along with details of the machine,
make/type, numbers, H.P., phase condition of the machines, causes for maintenance, estimated cost of repairs
etc.
(6) EXCESS MATERIAL LIST
Excess material list indicates the material available at the site, not required for a certain period and time.-In
such cases, the material can be utilized at another site.
The report should be sent to the purchase department through the Chief Engineer, to cater to the
requirements of another site instead of purchasing new materials.
(7) CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS CHART
This report should be prepared every month for each site.-It records and helps calculate the work progress of
each activity, for a particular building, as a percentage. The percentage derived, is based on the average
calculation of the estimated expenses for each activity.-This chart is very important for the management. The
quantum of the work completed during the month, for each site/ each building, can be justified and total
funds used can also be compared and justified using this chart. Over and above this report, a monthly report
should be prepared by the Chief Engineer and forwarded to the Directors .It should contain the relevant
information regarding the progress of project. Details of this report are as follows. It should be submitted by
the Chief Engineer on a fixed day, every month. It should include details of all the work completed at the site,
during that month. Possession dates should also be given along with this report. Reasons for the delay of work,
if any, should be mentioned. The report should be submitted to the Director to inform him of the progress of
work at the site
(8) CUBE TESTING REPORT
Apart from these reports, the site staff should send concrete cubes taken during concreting work to the
testing laboratory for testing purposes, as and when required.-Test cubes should be sent with all information.Records should be maintained at site and a copy of cube testing report should be sent to Head Office for office
record purpose.
2.3 REPORTING SYSTEM
The site in-charge should report to the Chief -Engineer each evening. .-Site in-charge should leave the site half an
hour prior to the closing hour for reporting to the C.E. Apart from this, he should discuss the following aspects
of the daily schedule -Progress of work -The next day's program-Accidents (if any)-Visits of the top
management.-Decisions/ drawings required from the architect/ consultants-Receipt of material, storage and
requirement of urgent material (if any)-Thefts/disputes at the site-Rejection of materials-Water /electricity
supply failure/machine failure-Quality of materials-Any other related points
NOTE: The site engineer should collect the required certificates/documents during the site visits of the
Architect and submit a copy to the Head Office.
2.4 CORRESPONDENCE FROM SITE TO STRUCTURAL DESIGNER
For any corrections after checking the working drawings with the RC.C. Drawings, the site in-charge should
directly contact the structural designer after informing the C.E. The structural designer should be contacted
for, Checking the strata/trial pit-Checking the reinforcement before the concreting of slabs-Checking of
reinforcement for O.H.W.T./ U.G.W.T. / septic tanks/other critical work Queries regarding RC.C. Drawings
Checking the strength and stability of a particular member of the structure after casting-For the structural
details required for any rectification work
NOTE: The site engineer should collect the required certificates/documents during the site visits of the RC.C.
Designer and submit a copy to the Head Office.
2.5 CORRESPONDENCE TO OTHER CONSULTANTS(1) ELECTRICAL CONSULTANT
The site in-charge should contact the electrical consultant for:-Estimation of cabling work/layout and to give
requirement of cables-Checking the layout of LT. room-During slab concreting-During road work for electrical
conduiting.For installation of meter for construction purposes and shifting of meter while thework is in
progress-To supervise installation of the meter.-During the development work/street lighting work etc.Checking of material specifications-Checking of work samples
NOTE: The site engineer should collect the required certificates/documents during the sitevisits of the
consultant and submit a copy to the Head Office.
(2) PLUMBING CONSULTANT
The plumbing consultant should be contacted after receiving all the drawings,-To discuss practical difficulties
of the drawing.-To show the sample collection of plumbing pipes, fittings and accessories.-To check and certify
water and drainage stacks, details using different testing methods like pressure testing, smoke testing etc.-
QUERIES:
For the proposed bridge site near Delhi certain queries are searched and found for arranging materials
required for the construction of pre-stressed bridge such as:1) At a distance of 10 kms. from the site,
strata below the ground i.e. around3mbelow ground is found adequately hard so as to be used as aggregate
after processing it in crushers.2) Also at a distance of 25 kms. from the site, along the coastal side, natural sand
is available in plenty known as river sand, which is screened and used as required. If transportation cost is
affordable, then in between Lonavla & Khopoli, abundant of hard rock, boulder & stones are available, which
can be used at various construction stages of pre-stressed concrete bridge.
Stores and stacking yards
In the project site, sufficient covered stores or open storage is necessary for maintaining the material in good
condition. Cement is usually supplied in bags, which is stored at the site in covered shed. The sheds are
constructed with brick wall, IPS floor, tubular structure trusses, roofing with sheets. Bags not exceeding 10
are stacke done over another. If more than 10 bags are stacked then the lower bags tend to set, making
cement non-usable. In case cement is used in large quantities for concreting by the batching plant, and precast element plant, is stored in bulk in vertical silos. The silos are filled up by a pneumatic pump fixed on the
cement bulk carrier. From the silo cement is conveyed into the mixer of the batching plant and pre-cast
element plant, through a screw conveyor.
Services
The site camp is to be provided with services like electric supply, sewage disposal, communication, telephone.
In case regular power supply is available from the grid, it can be tapped and necessary substation with
transformer installed at site. If grid power is not available then, it may be necessary to generate own power by
installing diesel penetrating se1s at the sets. Water supply can similarly be tapped, if water lines are passing
nearby in the vicinity, by providing underground storage tank and distribution through a pumping system and
over head tank. In case water mains are not available, tube well could be bored for water. Necessary
treatment of water to make it safe for intended consumption will have to be carried out. For sewage disposal,
since the camp is only for a temporary duration septic tank, could be provided. If it is a large site, and enough
land is available, then it may be possible to provide an oxidation pond for sewage disposal. The effluent from
the pond could be used for horticultural purposes of the site.
In order to carry out the enabling work which is required at the very initial stage of the project itself, it may be
desirable for the organization, to set up a 'crack team' which can go in advance to the site and build up all the
temporary structures, services required for the enabling works. This will cut down the time required by the
main project team, on their arrival at the site, and they could embark upon straight-away on execution of the
main project. Such a 'crack team' can move from project to project for the organization, and they would be
well trained in carrying out this activity. On the other hand, if project team assigned with the main work, is to
first build up the enabling works, a lot of time is lost for the project. On most international project, and on
some major projects within country, of structure being adopted for the site camp isof portable nature. These
are in the form of light steel or wooden structure, which are mounted on skid beams or wheels, and can be
moved to the camp site, at a very short notice. The Port cabins are provided with electrical, plumbing and
sanitary fixture, and the system becomes operational at site by plugging into the electrical and water supply.
Through the initial cost of the system may be more but over a period of time it would become economically
viable since the structure can be shifted to site, whereas, if the camp is built with conventional materials. Like
steel, concrete, the cost would be higher in the longer run, besides the extra time required to build the Camp.
TRANSPORTATION:
The proposed bridge site is at Kirari, located 35 kms away from Delhi. The means of transportation are as
follows:i) For staff workers & engineers, not residing on site, a minibus is arranged by the organization for
their daily conveyance.ii) In case of emergencies, such as fatal accident or injury on site, the organization has
arranged an ambulance in the form of omni-van with small stretcher laid inside the van.iii) For immediate or
unexpected requirement of material o site, 2 standby trucks are arranged for conveyance of material on site
from around the vicinity of 100 kms from site.iv) For receiving consultants and executives from the nearest
terminal, an automobile such as Scorpio or Qualis is arranged by the organization. All the expenses requiredfor
the above conveyance are added into the total cost of the project as contingencies.
