Prevention

Published on January 2017 | Categories: Documents | Downloads: 32 | Comments: 0 | Views: 312
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Content

By

Prof. OSSAMA RASSLAN
Secretary General, Egyptian Society of Infection Control

Prevention & Control Activities(Outlines)

• I.C. program
• Patient care

• Employee health
• Environmental hygiene • Surveillance of infection
Prevention & Control Activities

Prevention & Control Activities (contd.)
• Ward specific measures
• Disease/ Organism specific measures

• Antibiotic policy
• Reportable diseases • Isolation policies
Prevention & Control Activities

Prevention & Control Activities
• I.C. program • Patient care • Ward sp. measures • Ds./Org. sp. measures

• Employee health
• Environm. Hygiene

• AB policy
• Reportable diseases

• Surveillance of inf.

• Isolation policies

Prevention & Control Activities

Infection Control Program

• Organizational structure

- ICC - ICT - ICD (ICO) - ICN - ICLN

For each item: Membership Qualifications Duties Meeting periodicity Prevention & Control Activities

Patient Care
• Handwashing - Routine - Surgical (H.W. facilities - antiseptics)

• Standard precautions
1. Protective barriers

2. Resuscitation facilities
3. Decontamination (later)

Protective barriers - Gowns - Gloves - Masks - Eye protection - Shoe covers

Prevention & Control Activities

Patient Care (cont.d)
• Invasive Procedures • Wound dressing

• Oral alimentation
• Other activities

Invasive procedures - Indwelling urinary catheters - IV catheters - IV injections - Endoscopy

Prevention & Control Activities

Employee health (Occupational health)
• Old/ New Employee medical exam. [Initial (at time of employment) & Periodical] • Exposure to blood, body fluids or tissue
(exposure control plan)

• Staff accident or ward related infections

• Work restrictions
• Education
Prevention & Control Activities

Environmental hygiene
• Decontamination

(Hosp. Env. Control)

Cleaning - Disinfection - Sterilization

• Hospital waste management.
- Color coding - Segregation at source - Collection - Transportation - Storage - Disposal - Recycling regular waste
• Regular waste • Biohazardous waste - Identification - Handling - Disposal

Prevention & Control Activities

Environmental hygiene
• Microbiologic sampling
- Not routine - Outbreak investigation - Research purposes

• Housekeeping policy
• Laundry policy

• Construction policy
(Construction, design & remodeling measures)
Prevention & Control Activities

Environmental hygiene

• Sterile water
(for invasive procedures)

• Appropriate air supply
(room ventilation)

• Proper storage of sterile supply

Prevention & Control Activities

Surveillance of infection
• Criteria for Nosocomial infections • Surveillance analysis & reporting

A. Elements
- Data collection - Data collation (consolidated or tabulated) - Data analysis - Reporting
Prevention & Control Activities

Surveillance of infection
• Surveillance analysis & reporting (cont.d) B. Uses (improvement of outcomes & processes)
- Provide baseline data on infection risk - Problem identification - Problem investigation - Evaluation of control measures - Evaluation of practices - Education of HCW - Research - Risk management
Prevention & Control Activities

Surveillance of infection
• Surveillance analysis & reporting (cont.d) C. Approaches
- Comprehensive, Total - Priority-directed, Site-specific - Problem-oriented (outbreak response surveillance) D. Worksheets
Prevention & Control Activities

Ward specific measures

(Dept or unit)

Measures differ according to:
- Site, design & construction of unit - Function & activity of unit - Type of patient - Expected infections& diseases - Treatment modality (AB, Chemoth.) - Type of intervention - Type of case (long-term, short-term, day care)
Prevention & Control Activities

Ward specific measures
- O.R. - ICU - Ped. & Neon. ICU - Pediatrics - Medical wards - Outpatient clinics - Surgical wards - Ante/Postnatal care unit ……..etc - Laboratory • Construction • Safety •Techniques & investigations
( e.g. pipetting, cell counting, blood sampling) Prevention & Control Activities

Disease &/or Organism specific measures
• Blood borne pathogen (Prevention precautions - Control) e.g. HBV, HCV, HIV • T.B. • Pneumonia • MRSA • VRE • Multidrug resistant organisms • Scabies ….etc
Prevention & Control Activities

Antibiotic policy
• Clinical use - Therapeutic (Empirical - Targeted) - Prophylactic • Hospital AB committee - membership - meetings - duties • Education
(better to say: Communication with clinicians) Prevention & Control Activities

Reportable Diseases

• Investigation & mgt of major outbreaks (or clusters) How? - Diarrhea - MRSA - VRE • Notification of communicable disease How?

Prevention & Control Activities

Isolation policies
• Enteric isolation
• Blood & body fluid isolation • Respiratory isolation • Strict isolation • Contact isolation

• Protective isolation

Prevention & Control Activities

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