CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTROUDCTION
EMPLOYEE SAFETY Since the begging of the present century, employee safety and health problems at work have been engaged attention of the psychologists, sociologists and the industrial engineers. Psychologists are concerned with the theoretical considerations of accident causation and the research into accident control, through proper selection, training and the education of the employee; and the social and psychological factors that influence the individual’s behaviour in general. Engineers and safety officers usually render necessary practical advice on certain aspects of safety in industry. They look upon prevention of accidents basically as an engineering problem to be tackled through proper designing of mechanical safety devices. In fact, accident prevention and safety are inter related and, therefore require a multi dimensional approach. Its importance has increased because of large-scale industrialization in which human beings are subjected to mechanical, chemical, electrical and radiation hazards. Besides, modern industry is characterized by complicated mechanisms, intricate job requirements, and fast moving production lines. One of the important consequences of all this is increased dangers of human life, through accidents. INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT AND INDUSTRIAL INJURY The life of the industrial workers is full of risk and hazards. The injuries may be caused as a result of any unsafe activities, or act of their part or chance occurrence or as a result of some unsafe work condition or unsafe act of employees themselves, or defective plant or shop layout, inadequate ventilation , unsafe and insufficient space for movement inside the plant or shop, etc. An industrial accident may be defined as,” an occurrence which interferes with the orderly progress of work in an industrial establishment”. According to Factories Act of 1948, it is “an occurrence in an industrial establishment causing bodily injury to a person for which him unfit to resume his duties in the next 48 hours.” In other words it is an unexpected event which is neither expected nor designed to occur . It is always sudden for a gradual process does not constitute an accident. Moreover, the event or occurrence should be something to
which a definite time, data and place can be assigned. An industrial injury has been defined as “ a personal injury to an employee which has been caused by an accident or an occupational disease, and which arise out of ,or in the course of, employment , and which would entitle such employee to compensation under the Workmen’s Compensation Act , 1923”. NATURE OF ACCIDENT The nature of an accident may vary from industry to industry. The employee may fall from a height while engaged on a particular assignment; or he may be caught in a machine while working on it; or he may fall against a machine; or parts of a machine having a horizontal protruding motion may cause strike against him; or an explosives used carelessly may explode, and injure an employee. Such accidents may result in disablement or death. Disablement¬- whether partial or total – may take a form of a loss of ability to work or to move. Such incapacity may be partial or total. Both types of disablement may be temporary or permanent. • A temporary partial disablement reduces the earning capacity of an individual in the employment in which he was engaged when he sustained an injury at the time of accident. • Permanent partial disablement reduces his ability to earn an income from any employment which he was capable of undertaking at the time of the accident occurred. Total disablement , on the other hand, is a disablement, whether temporary or permanent, which incapacitates a workman and makes it impossible for him to engage in any work. CAUSES OF ACCIDENT Nature and causes of accident may vary from organization to organization. Basically industrial accidents will arise either due to technical faults or due to human follies or errors. Therefore the causes of accidents may be attributed to work related causes and worker related causes.
1. Work related Causes Unsafe working conditions are the prime causes for any industrial accident and these include all engineering deficiencies. These mainly include improper lighting, inadequate safety devices, polluted work place, poor machine guarding and unsafe and careless housekeeping. These factors will create psychological and physical problems for the workers and will invite industrial accident. 2. Worker related Causes These are human factors responsible for accidents due to their unsafe acts. Lack of adequate skill or knowledge in handling the machine, disturbed mental condition, neglecting safety devices and instruction, using unsafe machine, working at unsafe speed are some of the causes due to which workers become victims as industrial accidents. PROVISIONS TO PREVENT ACCIDENTS IN WORK PLACE It is important for an organization to ensure safe working conditions in order to prevent accidents at the workplace. In India there are a number of statutory provisions that provide safety working conditions for the workers. The Factories Act secures health, safety, welfare, proper working hours, leave and other benefits for the workers employed in the factories. In other words the act is enacted primarily with the objective to regulate the conditions of work in manufacturing establishments. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH: The term “Health” is a positive and dynamic concept and implies more than an absence of illness. The W.H.O has defined health as:” a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” Industrial health refers to a system of public health and preventive medicine which is applicable to industrial concerns. According to the joint I.L.O / W.H.O. committee on organizational health, industrial health is • • • The prevention and maintenance of physical, mental and social well beings of workers in all occupations. Prevention among workers of ill health caused by the working conditions. Protection of workers in their employment from risk resulting from factors adverse to health.
•
Placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physical and psychological equipment.
The basic objective of industrial health is the prevention of disease and injury rather than the cure of disease. It involves a programme of health conversation and prevention of occupational diseases. Veil observes that the aim of industrial hygiene is’ the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well being of the workers; the prevention of factor which make for ill health in their working condition; their protection in their occupation from risks arising from factors which are adverse to the maintenance of health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment which is adapted to his psychological and physiological equipment; and to summaries, the adaptation of work to man and each man on his job. PREREQUISITES FOR AN EFFECTIVE SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY For a safety and health program to be successful an organization should: • • Have the support and guidance pf top management in the implementation of safety policy. Educate and train employees about the safety policy and the importance for an organization. Even the workers at the lowest operating level should have a clear understanding 0of the methods and procedures to be followed to ensure safety at the workplace. • • • Make safety and health an important aspect of organizational culture so that it pervades all the functions and the levels of the organization. Appoint a safety director to ensure that the safety programs are progressing in accordance to the set directions. Have a safety engineering process that includes designing of new products, processes and machines, structuring the layout of plants and equipment, providing safety devices for employees working on hazardous jobs, keeping the work place clean, well lit and properly ventilated, maintaining a well designed system for detection, prevention and control of fire, dust fumes, inflammable gases and explosives. • • Conduct an organization wide audit to ensure the implementation of the safety policy and strict adherence to all the safety rules. Keep a track of the accidents that take place so that they can be avoided in the future.
•
It is not necessary that all the organization have the above mentioned elements for the implementation of safety policy. However, if they are taken into consideration, accidents can be avoided.
ACCIDENT PREVENTION IN THE WORK PLACE Let us discuss some of the important steps that an organization has to take in implementation safety and health programs to prevent accidents at the workplace and provide a safe working environment for its employees. When an organization is successful in implementing the following steps, the accident rate will be automatically decrease. • • • • • • • • Educating and training the employees Frequent inspections by the top management Tabulating and analyzing the causes of accidents Conducting regular employee wellness program Designing mental health program Making the right start and get going Apart from the above mentioned steps it is also the duty of the employer to understand the following issues: Importance of reasonable hours of work Unduly long hours of work can damage an employee’s health and can result in fatigue and poor concentration. Hence it is important to define the number of hours of work • Rest pauses or breaks in working hours Introduction or rest pauses for short periods can solve the problem of fatigue in a very large measure. • Holidays and leave with pay Adequate provision of holidays and leave with pay to workers can help in reducing absenteeism, stress and labor turnover. At the same time, the provision of excessive holidays is likely to hinder production and increase the financial burden of the organization. Enforcement and Disciplinary Action If an employee does not adhere to the safety policy being implemented by the organization, the organization should as the first step, educate him on the impending hazards
of a careless approach to work. Employees can also be encouraged to implement safety policy by rewarding the units/groups with good safety records. Employees who have been alert in preventing accidents and active in spreading health and safety awareness can also be rewarded. If an employee still fail to heel to safety advice, the next step is to enforce disciplinary action. To enforce safety measures in some organization, employees are either reprimanded or fined and sometimes even discharged if they are found guilty of any serious violation of safety provisions.
1.2 INDUSTRY PROFILE
Automobiles have become an indispensable part of our lives, an extension of the human body that provides us faster, cheaper and more convenient mobility every passing day. Behind this betterment, go the efforts of those in the industry, in the form of improvement through technological research. What actually lie behind this betterment of automobiles are the opinions, requirement, likes and dislikes of those who use these vehicles. These wheeled machines affect our lives in many ways. Numerous surveys and researchers are conducted through the world every now and to reveal on the other aspect of automobiles, be it about the pollution caused due to vehicle population in cities, or rising motor accidents and causes, vehicular technology, alternative medicine and so on In the first hundred years of active life, it has been described as a menace and also a blessing blight and a god send, as a savior of our countryside and cities and their curse, as socially divisive and the greatest social leveler. It has been worshiped and reviled, celebrated and scorned. The automobile is an invention that has had a tremendous impact on the society. The automobile has taken diverse segments of the American population, farmers, small town residents and urban dwellers and given them access to the opportunities and experiences. Autos have given us motels, shopping plazas, drive-in through, vacations, commuting and certainly not the least suburbia. The genesis of the automobile is one of the most profound and important chapters in the development of American culture. Before the automobile, people traveled by means of bicycles, trains, streetcars and horse-drawn carriages, these methods of transportations were, limits and not private, up until the 1880’s, inventors experimented with building a horseless carriage. These experiments were powered mainly by steam, and were not practical. They traveled at slow speed of about six miles an hour, were very noisy, frightened horses, smelled awful and polluted the air. Sometimes the coals(used to make steam) would fall off the auto and burn wooden bridges down. Railroads and stagecoach lines hates the automobiles because they did not competition. Autos were scarce and ridiculed by the most of the population. The car began life as a rich man’s toy rather than a means of transport. The development and acceptance of the automobile in America took place around the turn of the century, from 1895 to 1915. The
most successful steam car was the Stanley steamer, invented in Newton, Massachusetts, in 1897 by Francis adrenal Stanley Charles and J. Frank Duryea’s was the most notable of the pioneers of the gasoline automobile. The Duryea motor company produced the first gaspowered car in 1893-1894. In 1869, they produced thirteen identical cars, the beginning of mass automobile production in the united states. Two developments spurred the growth of the automobile industry in 1990, gasoline prices were reduced as a result of oil fields discovered in Texas. The supply of gasoline was greatly increased so that automobiles could be operated inexpensively. The other development was the advent of mass production and the use of assembly lines. American car manufacture, Henry Ford (1863-1947) invented an improved assembly line and installed the first conveyor belt-based assembly line in his car factory in Ford’s highland par, Michigan plant, around 1913-1914. The assembly line reduced production costs for cars reducing assembly time. Ford’s famous model T was assembled in ninetythree minutes. Ford made his first car, called the “QUADRICYCLE”, in june 1896. However success came after he formed the FORD MOTOR COMPANY IN 1903. Ford became the biggest car manufacture; by 1927 15 million model T’ S has been manufactured. Finally the “horseless carriage” era of automobile manufacturing came to a nod in 1906. That year the united state took over the world leadership of the automobile industry. The Indian automobile industry has finally began to emerge on its own. The major players in the industry are : • • • • • • • • • BAJAJ AUTO GENERAL MOTORS HYUNDAI MAHINDRA TVS SUZUKI DAEWOO MOTORS HERO HOMDA IND AUTO LTD SWARAJ MAZDA LTD
• • • • • • •
EICHER LIMITED VOLVO FORD HINDUSTAN MOTORS LML TELCO DC DESIGNS EICHER MOTORS
These are the company that brings to us dream machines. This is where it all starts from; the bourgeoise Maruti 800, the up market Astra, the stately Mercedes the Indian indica, the racy Hero Honda, the tat struck and the rest. They have begun to take the major steps towards making world-class quality systems by imbibing the ISO9000/quality systems .
1.3 COMPANY PROFILE Brakes India limited is a leading manufacturer of braking system in India for the automotive industry. The company was established as a joint venture between TVS and TRW in the year 1962. Brakes India limited has grown steadily to become a leading brake system supplier to global OEMs operating in India. With design, development and manufacturing capability that matches global standards in quality and safety, Brakes India limited is capable of providing Complete braking system technology from concept to completion. In 1981, Brakes India limited entered into technical collaboration with quall cast (derby foundries) ltd., U.K. For the manufacturing of the permanent mould ferrous casting, a technology newly introduced in India. In the same year, Brakes India limited established a Foundry Division at Sholinghur to manufacture Permanent Mould Grey Iron castings. Brakes India limited has two broad divisions. They are the Brake division and the Foundry division. The Brake division is India's largest manufacturer of complete Brake system for automotive and non-automotive application including Hydraulic brake, clutch actuation, heavy duty brake, foundation brake equipment, clutch fluid. The foundry division is equipped with state-of-the-art technology to manufacture sand-casting both grey and SG iron. It is India's largest manufacturer of permanent mould ferrous die-casting. The strength of Brakes India limited lies in:
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Its ability to motivate and harness the capabilities of its human resource develops and nurtures a strong vendor base. Its commitment to quality, cost, delivery, safety and customer satisfaction. Strong in-house Research & Development, coupled with access to World Class Technology through collaboration and affiliations worldwide enables Brakes India to provide the Best Braking Solutions and Castings to its customers. Sales turnover of its Brakes divisions exceeds Rs. 5 Billion. Brakes Divisions have grown steadily to become a Leading Brake System Supplier to global OEMs operating in India. Sales turnover of its Foundry division exceeds Rs. 2 Billion, has an installed capacity of 47,000 MTPA for permanent Mould Grey Iron and high pressure moulded Ductile
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and Grey iron sand castings.
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An impressive list of Customers adds testimony to the capabilities of Brakes India.
Brakes India limited's success lies in management philosophy matched by its commitment to total quality by identifying and meeting customer needs, which would include the expectation on quality, delivery, price, etc., Manufacturing locations of Brakes India limited:
Padi (Chennai) Sholinghur (About 110 km from Chennai) Polambakkam (About 90 km from Chennai) Gurgoan (About 25 km from NewDelhi) Waki (Pune) Halol (Baroda) Nanjangud (About 25 km from Mysore)
MILESTONES ACHIEVED BY THE COMPANY: 1962 1964 1966 1967 1968 - Incorporated as public limited company. - Commenced manufacturing of brakes at Padi factory. - Introduced 'S'cam brakes for heavy commercial vehicles for first time in India. - Introduced indigenously designed drum brakes for light commercial vehicles. - First export of rubber seals to U.K. 2. First export of Hydraulic brakes. 1975 - R&D activities recognized by ministry of Science and Technology. 1979 1981 Commenced manufacturing operations at Brakes Division, Sholinghur. 1. Set up Foundry Division at Sholinghur. 2. Commenced production of Permanent Mould Castings in technical collaboration with Qual cast Limited, U.K. 1986 1987 Suzuki. 2. Commenced manufacture of Hydraulic Brake Hoses with technical support from After successful R&D work, commenced manufacture of heavy duty brake and 1. Commenced brake assembly operations at Gurgoan for supplies of Maruthi
1972 - 1. First export of tractor brakes as original equipment to Yugoslavia.
clutch fluid.
Hitachi Cable Company, Japan. 3. Commenced original equipment supplies of tractor brakes U.K. 4. Award received for outstanding contribution in the field of Industrial Relation by the All India Association of Employers. 1988 1991 year. 1992 - 1. Commenced manufacture of Ductile Iron Castings at Foundry Division. 2. Foundry Division got certified by BVQI, for Quality Assurance System to ISO 9002 Standards. 1993 Brake Division, Padi and Gurgoan plants got certified by BVQI, for Quality Assurance System to ISO 9002 Standards. 1994 - 1. Brakes Division, Sholinghur got certified by BVQI, for Quality Assurance System to ISO 9002 Standards. 2. Achieved sales of 2.0 million litres of Brake fluid in a year 1995 1996 1998 2001 2003 2004 - Brake Division, Nanjangud got certified by BVQI, for Quality Assurance System to - Commenced manufacturing operations at Polambakkam. - Certified for QS 9000 requirement 3rd edition by BVQI. - Certified for ISO 14001 Environment management System (Padi). - 1. TPM Excellence Award, First category by JIPM on 9th December. 2. “Deming Application Prize” for Foundry Division - Certified ISO/TS 16949 - 2nd edition by BVQI on 7th May ISO 9002 Standards. - Introduced cellular manufacture system at Brakes Division, Padi. Achieved sales of 1.0 million litres of Heavy Duty Brakes and Clutch fluid in a
Brakes India Limited's key achievements:
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ISO14001 - Environmental Management systems (EMS) TPM Consistency Award Deming Award TS 16949 – QS 2002 OSHAS
TVS GROUPS:
AXLES INDIA LTD
INDIA MOTOR PARTS AND ACCESSORIES LTD LAKSHMI AUTO COMPONENTS LTD SOUTHERN ROADWAYS LTD SUNDARAM DYNACAST PVT LTD SUNDARAM TEXTILES LTD TVS AUTOMOTIVE EUROPE LTD TVS ELECTRONICS LTD TVS LANKA PVT LTD TVS SEWING NEEDLES LTD WHEELS INDIA LTD DELPHI-TVS DIESEL SYSTEM LTD LUCAS INDIAN SERVICE LTD SUNDARAM GRAKE LININGS LTD SUNDARAM FASTENERS LTD TVS AUTO PARTS PVT LTD TVS FINANCE ANS SERVICES LTD TVS MOTOR COMP LTD TVS SRICHAKRA LTD LUCAS-TVS LTD SUNDARAM-CLAYTON LTD SUNDARAM INDUSTRIES LTD TURBO ENERGY LTD TVS CHERY PVT LTD TVS INTERCONNECT SYSTEM LTD TVS R&M LTD TVS SUNDARAM IYENGAR&SONS LTD
QUALITY POLICY: Brakes India Limited is committed to total quality. The company shall, 1. Achieve this by identifying and meeting customer requirements on quality, delivery, price and service. 2. Strive to enhance customer satisfaction through continual improvement of the efficiency of the quality management system.
3. Comply with the statutory and regulatory requirements. QUALITY: The products manufactured are subjected to strict surveillance at every stage of manufacture to ensure acceptable quality product. The company is committed to quality management and obtained QS9000 obtained TQM Award. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: Brakes India Limited has received R&D recognition from the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. It has programmers of continual research and development that is abreast with the latest technology, synonymous with modern thinking in the field of safe braking. MAJOR CUSTOMERS: (1) Brake system:
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Ashok Leyland Bajaj tempo Eicher motors Bharat earth movers Maruthi Fiat India Force motors Ltd Ford India Ltd TVS Motor Company John Deere Piaggio Hindusthan Motors General Motors (India) Premier automobiles Defence establishments Tata motors Mahindra&Mahindra Swaraj Mazda Volvo India pvt. ltd.
(2) Foundry Products:
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Ashok Leyland Kelvinator Voltas Mico Mahindra&Mahindra Godrej&Boyce
PRODUCT PROFILE: Major products manufactured by Brakes India Limited: PADI HCV – Brakes LCV – Brakes Parking Brakes Tandem master cylinder Wheel cylinder Servo PCRV GP/VALVE FOUNDRY DIVISION Hydraulic cylinder Castings Compressors bodies Valve plates Bearing retainers Rocker Shaft supports Torque plates Brake disc Caliper housing & Carriers POLAMBAKKAM Cam Brakes Calipers Brake shoes Caliper Pads NANJAGUD Seals Polymer SHOLINGUR Saw Brakes Cam Brakes Transmission Brakes Tandem master Cylinders Wheel Disc
1.4 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
REVIEW OF LITERATURE FROM ARTICLES ON EMPLOYEES SAFETY AND HEALTH Quality and Safety in Health Care Copyright © 2005 by the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. Correspondence to: J B Colla ScD Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, 7251 Strasenburgh Hall, Hanover, NH 03755, USA;
[email protected] Nine surveys were found that measured the patient safety climate of an organization. All used Likert scales, mostly to measure attitudes of individuals. Nearly all covered five common dimensions of patient safety climate: leadership, policies and procedures, staffing, communication, and reporting. The strength of psychometric testing varied. While all had been used to compare units within or between hospitals, only one had explored the association between organizational climate and patient outcomes. Relative Effectiveness of Worker Safety and Health Training Methods Michael J. Burke, PhD, Sue Ann Sarpy, PhD, Kristin Smith-Crowe, PhD, Suzanne Chan-Serafin, BA, Rommel O. Salvador, MBA and Gazi Islam, BA As training methods became more engaging (i.e., requiring trainees’ active participation), workers demonstrated greater knowledge acquisition, and reductions were seen in accidents, illnesses, and injuries. All methods of training produced meaningful behavioral performance improvements. The Ecology of Work and Health: Research and Policy Directions for the Promotion of Employee Health Daniel Stokols, PhD ,Kenneth R. Pelletier, PhD, MD ,Jonathan E. Fielding, MD, MPH, MBA This article identifies new research and policy directions for the field of worksite health in the context of the changing workplace. These directions are viewed from an ecological perspective on worksite health and are
organized around three major themes: (1) the joint influence of physical and social environmental factors on occupational health, (2) the effects of non occupational settings (e.g., households, the health care system) on employee well-being and the implications of recent changes in these settings for worksite health programs, and (3) methodological issues in the design and evaluation of worksite health programs. Developments in these areas suggest that the field of worksite health may be undergoing a fundamental paradigm shift away from individually oriented wellness programs (provided at the worksite and aimed primarily at changing employees' health behavior) and toward broader formulations emphasizing the joint impact of the physical and social environment at work, job-person fit, and work policies on employee well-being.
CHAPTER II
MAIN THEME OF THE STUDY 2.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
To study and analyze the effectiveness of Employee Safety and Health at Tvs Brakes India Limited. To trace the causes of accident in the work place. To study to which extent employees are practicing safety and health in the real work situation. To assess the management commitment towards employees safety and health. To suggest suitable measures for improving employees safety and health.
2.2 SCOPE FOR THE FURTHER STUDY
• • • The project throws light on the need for learning Employees Safety & Health. The project was developed based on the employees expectation. It will be helpful for the management to improve the Employees Safety & Health measures in the organization. • • This study would be a base for the researchers who are carry survey for the same. The study also helps the concern for the further enhancement for their manufacturing with employee’s safety & health by elaborating the current survey.
2.3NEED FOR THE STUDY
• The success of any manufacturing organization depends largely on the workers. The employees are considered as the backbone of Tvs Brakes India Limited. • The study was mainly undertaken to identify the level of employees Safety & Health measures in the organization. • Once the Employees Safety & Health Measures are identified it would be possible for the management to improve the employees safety and health.
• •
This study can serve as a basis for measuring causes for the accident in the workplace. This study can be helpful for the management to identify the key factors for improving employees safety and health with the help of suggestion and conclusion
2.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH Research is a process in which the researcher wishes to find out the end result for a given problem and thus the solution helps in future course of action. The research has been defined as “A careful investigation or enquiry especially through search for new fact in any branch of knowledge”. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The procedure using, which researchers go about their work of describing, explaining and predicting phenomena, is called Methodology. Methods compromise the procedures used for generating, collecting, and evaluating data. Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation. TYPES OF RESEARCH The type of research used in this project is descriptive in nature. Descriptive research is essentially a fact finding related largely to the present, abstracting generations by cross sectional study of the current situation .The descriptive methods are extensively used in the physical and natural science, for instance when physics measures, biology classifies, zoology dissects and geology studies the rock. But its use in social science is more common, as in socio economic surveys and job and activity analysis. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH AIMS AT • • To portray the characteristics of a particular individual situation or group(with or without specific initial hypothesis about the nature of this characteristics). To determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is associated with something else( usually , but not always ,with a specific initial hypothesis). The descriptive method has certain limitation; one is that the research may make description itself an end itself. Research is essentially creative and demands the discovery of facts on order to lead a
solution of the problem. A second limitation is associated whether the statistical techniques dominate. The desire to over emphasis central tendencies and to fact in terms of Average, Correlation, Means and dispersion may not always be either welcome. This limitation arises because statistics which is partly a descriptive tool of analysis can aid but not always explain casual relation. DESIGN OF DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES: Descriptive studies aim at portraying accurately the characteristics of a particular group or solution. One may under take a descriptive study about the work in the factory, health and welfare. A descriptive study may be concerned with the right to strike, capital punishment, prohibition etc. A descriptive study involves the following steps: 1. Formulating the objectives of the study . 2. Defining the population and selecting the sample . 3. Designing the method of data collection . 4. Analysis of the data . 5. Conclusion and recommendation for further improvement in the practices. RESEARCH DESIGN Research design is the specification of the method and procedure for acquiring the information needed to solve the problem. The research design followed for this research study is descriptive research design where we find a solution to an existing problem. The problem of this study is to find the effectiveness of Employees Safety & Health at Tvs Brakes India Limited. UNIVERSE AND SAMPLING: This study was restricted to the blue collar employees. Out of the universe of 269 blue collars, a sample of 100 respondents was selected by simple random sampling method. All the opinions expressed herein are the contribution by the respondents only.
DATA COLLECTION METHOD Survey method is considered the best method for data collection and the tool used for data collection are Questionnaire. Private individuals, research workers, private and public organizations and even government are adopting it. In this method a questionnaire is collected through personal interview. A questionnaire consists of a number of question involves both specific and general question related to Employees Safety & Health.
SOURCES OF DATA The two sources of data collection are namely primary & secondary. • Primary data Primary data are fresh data collected through survey from the employees using questionnaire. • etc. Secondary data Secondary data are collected from books, internet and various journals, magazines
STATISTICAL TOOLS USED • PERCENTAGE METHOD In this project percentage method test and used. The following are the formula Percentage of Respondent = No. of Respondent Total no. of Respondent • CHI - SQUARE Analysis In this project chi- square test was used. This test is used to test significance of association between two attributes. Chi- square, symbolically written as χ 2 (pronounce as Ki- square), is a statistical measure used in the context of sampling analysis for comparing a variance to a theoretical variance. Formula for finding chi square is χ2 = x 100
∑(O-E)2/ E
In this study chi-square is to find the association between respondents gender and respondents accident proneness, respondents accident proneness and enough training for the employees & employees work load and the approach of the organization .
•
CORRELATION ANALYSIS Correlation Analysis is a statistical technique used to measure the magnitude
of linear relationship between two variables. Correlation Analysis is not used in isolation to describe the relationship between variables. To analyze the relation between two variables, two prominent correlation coefficient are used –the Pearson product correlation coefficient and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient . In this study the Pearson product correlation coefficient is used to find the correlation coefficient between respondents awareness level at the time of joining with employees participation in suggestion scheme & respondents awareness level at present and the counseling . This is also known as simple correlation coefficient and is denoted by “r”.The “r” value ranges from -1, through 0, to +1.It is calculated using the formula r
=
∑ xy / √∑ x2.∑ y2
2.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
• The study is based upon the small population size of 100 samples at Tvs
Brakes India Limited. • Data were only collected from shop- floor employees • • Time available for this research work was a limiting factor. The study is based on the effectiveness of Employees Safety & Health measures. It
does not explore the pros and corns on the side of employers.
CHAPTER: III0 RESULTS, DISCUSSIONS & ANALYSIS
3.1 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
DISTRIBUTION OF REPONDENTS BY THEIR DESIGNATION Table No. : 3.1.1 S.NO. 1 2 3 4 5 DESIGNATION Apprentice Temporary trainees Operators Contract Labour Executives Total 0perating 31 31 15 12 100 31 31 15 12 100 No. Of Respondent 11 11 PERCENTAGE
CHART No. :3.1.1
R s o d n D s n tio e p n e t e ig a n
4 0
3 0
2 0
Percent
1 0
0 A p re d e p e n ic T mo ryo e tin e p ra p ra g O e to p ra rs C n c la o rs o tra t b u Ee u e x c tiv s
R s o d n D s n tio e p n e t e ig a n
INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 11% of the respondents are Apprendice.31% of the respondents are Temporary operating trainees.31% of the respondents are Operators. 15%
of the respondents are Contract labours and 12% of the respondents are Executives. DISTRIBUTION OF REPONDENTS BY THEIR AGE Table No. : 3.1.2 S.NO. 1. 2 3 4. 5. Age <25 26-30 31-35 36-40 >40 Years Total No. Of Respondents 54 21 22 3 0 100 Percentage (%) 54 21 22 3 0 100
CHART No.: 3.1.2 REPONDENTS OF THEIR AGE
INFERENCE From the above table it was inferred that 54% of the respondents are above 25 years. . 22% of the respondents belong to the age group of 31-35 and the remaining 24% of the respondents belong to the age group of 26-30 and 36-40.
DISTRIBUTION OF REPONDENTS BY THEIR EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION Table No. : 3.1.3 S.NO. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION SSLC/HSC ITI Diploma Graduation Post-Graduation Total NO. RESPONDENTS 47 16 17 17 3 100 OF PERCENTAGE 47 16 17 17 3 100
CHART No. :3.1.3
Rs o d n Eua n lq a a n e p n e ts d c tio a u lific tio
5 0
4 0
3 0
2 0
Percent
1 0
0 S L /H C SC S II T D lo a ip m G da n ra u tio Ps G d a n o t ra u tio
Rs o d n Eu a n lq a a n e p n e ts d c tio a u lific tio
INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 47% of the respondents have an educational qualification of SSLC/HSC. 16% of the respondents have an educational qualification of ITI. 34%of the respondents have an educational qualification of Diploma and Graduation and the remaining 3% are post graduation.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR ACCIDENT PRONENESS Table No. : 3.1.4 S.NO. 1 2. Accident proneness Yes No Total No. Respondents 22 78 100 of Percentage 22 78 100
CHART No. : 3.1.4
Rs o d n Ac e t P n n s e p n e ts c id n ro e e s
Ys e
N o
. INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 22% of the respondents have accident proneness and 78% of the respondents have no accident proneness
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR MAJOR REASONS FOR THE
WORK PLACE ACCIDENT Table No. : 3.1.5 S.NO. 1 2 Work Place Accident Work based Worker based Total 11 89 100 11 89 100 No. of Respondents Percentage
CHART 3.15 MAJOR RESONS FOR THE WORK PLACE ACCIDENTS
INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 11% of the work place accidents owing to work and the remaining 89% of work place accidents owing to workers.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR MAJOR REASONS FOR THE WORKER BASED ACCIDENT
Table No. : 3.1.6 S.NO. 1 2 3 4 5 Worker Based Accident Lack of adequate skill Neglecting safety devices Unsafe material handling Disturbed mental condition Unsafe speed Total CHART No. : 3.1.6 MAJOR CAUSES FOR THE WORKER RELATED ACCIDENT No. of Respondents 1 7 78 6 8 100 Percentage 1 7 78 6 8 100
INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 78% of the worker based accidents due to unsafe material handling. 8% of the worker based accidents due to unsafe speed and the remaining 14% of the worker based accidents due to lack of adequate skill, Neglecting safety devices, Disturbed mental condition.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SIGNIFICANT AWARENESS LEVEL AT THE TIME OF JOINING
Table No. : 3.1.7 S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 Awareness level at No. the time of joining Very High High Low Very Low None Total Respondents 1 25 6 51 17 100 CHART No. : 3.1.7. of Percentage 1 25 6 51 17 100
A a n s le e a th tim o jo in w re e s v l t e e f in g
6 0
5 0
4 0
3 0
2 0
Percent
1 0
0 V ry h h e ig Hh ig Lw o V ry lo e w Nn oe
A a n ss le e a th tim o jo in w re e v l t e e f in g
INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that awareness of 1% of respondents have very high at the time of joining 25% of respondents have high awareness at the time of joining and the remaining 74% of respondents have low, very low and no awareness at the time of joining .
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SIGNIFICANT AWARENESS AT PRESENT Table No. : 3.1.8 S.No. 1 2. Awareness level at No. present Yes No Total Respondents 96 4 100 of Percentage 96 4 100
CHART No. : 3.1.8 AWARNESS LEVEL AT THE PRESENT
INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 96% of the respondents have awareness at present and 4 % of the respondents have no awareness at present.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SIGNIFICANT AWARENESS THROUGH Table No. : 3.1.9 S.No. 1 2 3 4 Awareness Through Motion Pictures Written brouchers Colleagues Manager in Person Total No. Respondents 59 5 9 27 100 of Percentage 59 5 9 27 100
CHART No. : 3.1.9
A a n ss th u h w re e ro g
7 0 6 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 0
Percent
1 0 0 M tio p re o n ictu s W nb u e ritte ro ch rs co a u s lle g e M n g r inp rso aae e n
A areness through w
INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 59% of the respondents acquired the knowledge through motion pictures, 27% of the respondents through manager in person and the remaining 14% of the respondents through written brouchers, colleagues. DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE WORK LOAD IN ORGANISATION
Table No. : 3.1.10 S.No 1 2 Acceptable Level Of No. Work Load Yes No Total Respondents 58 42 100 CHART No. : 3.1.10 EMPLOYEES WORK LOAD of Percentage 58 42 100
INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 58% of the respondents have satisfactory level of work load in the organization and the remaining 42% have unsatisfactory level of work load.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON ENOUGH TRAINING Table NO. :3.1.11
S.NO.
Enough Regarding
Training No.
of Percentage
Employees Respondents 36 64 100 CHART NO. : 3.1.11 36 64 100
1 2
Safety an Health Yes No Total
ENOUGH TRAINING FOR THE EMPLOYEES
INFERENCE From the above table it is evident that 36% 0f the respondents said that they get enough training regarding employee’s safety and health and 64% 0f the respondents opposed this.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE EMPLOYEES INTEREST TO PARTICIPATE IN SUGGESTION SCHEME Table No. : 3.1.12
S.No. 1 2
Employee interest Yes No Total
No. Respondents 92 8 100
of Percentage 92 8 100
CHART No. : 3.1.12 EMPLOYEES INTREST
INFERENCE From the above table it is evident that 92% 0f the respondents have interest to participate in suggestion scheme regarding employee’s safety and health and 8% of the respondents have no interest.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE EMPLOYEES LEVEL OF PARTICIPATION IN THE IMPLEMENTATION Table No.: 3.1.13
S.No.
Employees level of No. participation implementation in Respondents 6 26 5 26 37 100
of Percentage
1 2 3 4 5
Very High High Low Very Low None Total
6 26 5 26 37 100
CHART No. : 3.1..13
E p ye s p rticip tio m lo e a a n
4 0
3 0
2 0
Percent
1 0
0 Ve h h ry ig Hh ig Lw o Ve lo ry w Nn oe
E plo es participation m ye
INFERENCE From the above table it is evident that participation level of 6% 0f the respondents have very high ,26% 0f the respondents have high and the remaining 68% 0f the respondents have low, very low and no participation.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE FREQUENCY OF SAFETY TRAINING Table No. : 3.1.14
S.No.
Frequency of safety training
No. of Respondents 16 21 63 100
Percentage
1 2 3
Weekly Monthly Yearly Total
16 21 63 100
CHART No. : 3.1.14
F q e c o s fe tra in re u n y f a ty in g
7 0 6 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 0
Percent
1 0 0 W e ly ek M n ly o th Ye rly a
F qu cy o safety training re en f
INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 16% of the respondents said that every week safety training conducted in the organization. 21% of the respondents said that every month safety training conducted in the organization and 63 % of the respondents said that every year safety training conducted in the organization.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE TRAINING PROGRAMMES TABLE 3.1.15
SINO 1 2 3 4
TRAINING PROGRAMMES Class Room On the job training Audio Visual Others TOTAL
NO. RESPONDENT PERCENTAGE% 24 35 29 12 100 24 35 29 12 100
CHART 3.1.15 TRAINING PROGRAMMES
INFERENCE: In the above table is clearly determine that 24% respondent need class room training programme, 35% respondent need on the job training programme,29% respondent are audio visual training programme and 12% respondent need other training programme.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE REASONS FOR THE STRESS RELIEF MEASURES Table No. : 3.1.16 S.No. Stress Relief Measures No. Respondents 1 2 3 4 Reasonable hours of work Rest pauses Holidays and leave with pay Appreciating employees for their work Total 39 100 CHART No. : 3.1.16
S s re f M a u s tre s lie e s re
5 0
of Percentage 15 20 26 39 100
15 20 26
4 0
3 0
2 0
Percent
1 0
0 Ra n b h u o e so a le o rs f R st p u s o b a e a se r re k H lid ys a dle vew o a n a A p rcia ge p ye p e tin m lo
S s re f M a u s tre s lie e s re
INFERENCE From the above table it is found that for the stress relief measures 15% of the respondents have reasonable hours of work, 20% of the respondents have rest pauses,26% of
the respondents have holidays and leave with pay and 39% of the respondents have appreciating employees for their work. DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE RECREATIONAL FACILITIES Table No. : 3.1.17 S.No. 1 2 Recreational facilities Yes No Total No. Respondents 46 54 100 of Percentage 46 54 100
CHART No. : 3.1.17 RECREATIONAL FACILITIES
INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 46% of respondents state that they have recreational facilities and 54% of respondents state that they have no recreational facilities.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE PRACTICING METHOD OF ERGONOMICS Table No. : 3.1.18 S.No. The Practicing method 1 2 Ergonomics Yes No Total 2 98 100 2 98 100 No. Respondents of Percentage
CHART No. : 3.1.18
P racticin m od of E g eth rgon ics om
Yes
N o
INFERENCE From the above table it is found that 2% of the respondents said that they are practicing the method of Ergonomics and 98% of the respondents said that they are not practicing the method of Ergonomics.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE COUNSELING Table No. : 3.1.19 S.No. 1 2 Counseling Yes No Total No. Respondents 7 93 100 CHART No. : 3.1.19
C u s lin fo th e p y e o n e g r e mlo e s
Ys e
of Percentage 7 93 100
N o
INFERENCE From the above table it is evident that 7% of the respondents said that they have counseling for the employees concerning personal and technical problems and 93% of the respondents opposed this.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE PRE EMPLOYMENT AND
POST EMPLOYMENT MEDICAL CHECK Table No. : 5.20 YOUR MEDICAL CHECK UP SINO YOUR MEDICAL CHECK UP 1 Special camp 2 Hospital 3 Health Department 4 Others TOTAL NO. RESPONDENT 29 36 16 19 100 PERCENTAGE% 29 36 16 19 100
CHART 5.20 YOUR MEDICAL CHECK UP
INFERENCE: In the above table state that the medical check up conducted 29% respondent on special camp, 36% respondent on hospital, 16% on health department and 19% respondent on other place.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE
APPROACH OF THE ORGANIZATION Table No. : 5.21 S.No. Approach organization 1 2 3 4 Flexible People oriented Transparent Production Oriented Total of the No. Respondents 17 15 32 36 100 17 15 32 36 100 of Percentage
CHART No. : 3.1.21 APPROACH OF THE ORGANISATION
INFERENCE From the above table it is found that 17% of the respondents feels flexible towards the approach of the organization. 15% of the respondents feels the approach of the organization as people oriented. 32% of the respondents feels Transparent towards the approach of the organization and 36% of the respondents feels the approach of the organization as production oriented.
Table No. : 3.1.22
ANALYSIS USING CHI-SQUARE TO FIND THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RESPONDENTS QUALIFICATION AND THE RESPONDENTS ACCEPTABLE LEVEL OF WORK LOAD Observed count S. No. Yes No Total Qualification Acceptable level of work load
1 2
SSLLC/HSC ITI
30 3
17 13
47 16
3
Diploma
10
7
17
4 5 6
Graduation Post graduation Total
13 2 58
4 1 42
17 3 100
Expected count
S. No. tion
Qualifica
Acceptable level of work load Yes No 19.74 6.72 7.14 7.14 1.26 42 47 16 17 17 3 100 Total
1 2 3 4 5 6
SSLLC/HSC ITI Diploma Graduation Post graduation Total
27.26 9.28 9.86 9.86 1.74 58
Null Hypothesis: There is no significant difference between respondents gender and the respondents accident proneness.
Chi- square O 30 17 E 27.26 19.74 (O-E)2 7.50 7.50 (O-E)2/ E 0.28 0.38
3 13 10 7 13 4 2 1
9.28 6.72 9.86 7.14 9.86 7.14 1.74 1.26
39.43 39.43 0.02 0.02 9.86 9.86 0.06 0.06
4.24 5.87 2.03 2.80 1 1.38 0.03 0.04
∑(O-E)2/ E =18.05
Degrees of Freedom = 4 Tabulated Value for χ 2 for 4 degree of freedom @ 5% level of Significance is 9.488 Calculated Value > Tabulated Value Therefore HO is rejected. INFERENCE There is significant association between respondents gender and the respondents accident proneness
ANALYSIS USING CHI-SQUARE TO FIND ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RESPONDENTS ACCIDENT PRONENESS AND ENOUGH TRAINING FOR THE EMPLOYEES
Observed count Enough training S.No. Accident Proneness Yes 1 2 Yes No Total 7 29 36 No 15 49 64 22 78 100 for the employees Total
Expected count Enough training S.No. Accident Proneness Yes 1 2 Yes No Total 7.9 28.1 36.0 No 14.1 49.9 64.0 22 78 100 for the employees Total
Null Hypothesis: There is no significant difference between respondents accident proneness and enough training for the employees Chi- square O 7 29 15 49 E 7.9 28.1 14.1 49.9 (O-E)2 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 (O-E)2/ E 0.1025 0.0288 0.057 0.016 2 ∑(O-E) / E = 0.2043
Degrees of Freedom = 1 Tabulated Value for χ 2 for 1degree of freedom @ 5% level of
Significance is 3.841 Calculated Value < Tabulated Value Therefore HO is accepted INFERENCE There is a significant association between respondents accident proneness and enough training for the employees.
ANALYSIS USING CHI-SQUARE TO FIND ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EMPLOYEES WORK LOAD AND THE APPROACH OF THE ORGANIZATION Observed count
S.
Acceptable work load
Approach of the organization Flexible Transparent People Production oriented 11 6 17 12 3 15 15 17 32 20 16 36 Total 58 42 100
No. level of
1 2
Yes No Total
Expected count Approach of the organization S. Acceptable Flexible Transparent People Production oriented 9.9 7.1 17 8.7 6.3 15 18.6 13.4 32 20.9 15.1 36 58 42 100 Total work load 1 2 Yes No Total No. level of
Null Hypothesis: There is no significant difference between the employees work load and the approach of the organization.
Chi- square O 11 6 12 3 15 17 20 E 9.9 7.1 8.7 6.3 18.6 13.4 20.9 (O-E)2 1.21 1.21 10.89 10.89 12.96 12.96 0.81 (O-E)2/ E 0.122 0.170 1.251 1.728 0.696 0.967 0.038
16
15.1
0.81
0.053 ∑(O-E) / E = 5.025
2
Degrees of Freedom = 2 Tabulated Value for χ 2 for 2 degree of freedom @ 5% level of Significance is 5.991 Calculated Value < Tabulated Value Therefore HO is accepted INFERENCE There is a significant association between the employees work load and the approach of the organization.
ANALYSIS USING CORRELATION COEFFICIENT TO FIND CORRELATION COEFFICIENT BETWEEN RESPONDENTS AWARENESS LEVEL AT THE TIME OF JOINING AND THE EMPLOYEES PARTICIPATION
Let, X be the respondents awareness level at the time of joining Y be the employees participation in suggestion scheme
X
Y
x
x2
y
y2
Xy
1 25 6 51 17
6 26 5 26 37
-19 5 -14 31 -3
361 25 196 961 9 2 ∑ x =1552
-14 196 266 6 36 30 -15 225 210 6 36 186 17 289 -51 2 ∑ y = 782 ∑ xy=641
r
= =
∑ xy √∑ x2.∑ y2
641
√1552*782
r = 0.5816 INFERENCE The value of ‘r’ indicates that is a positive correlation exist between two variables, respondents awareness level at the time of joining and the employees participation. Hence it can be concluded that as the awareness level increases, employees participation in suggestion also increases.
ANALYSIS USING CORRELATION COEFFICIENT TO FIND THE CORRELATION COEFFICIENT BETWEEN RESPONDENTS
AWARENESS LEVEL AT PRESENT AND THE COUNSELING
Let, X be the respondents awareness level at present Y be the counseling
X 7 93
Y 96 4
x -43 43
x2 1849 1849 2 ∑ x = 3698
y 46 -46
y2 Xy 2116 -1978 2116 -1978 2 ∑ y = 4232 ∑ xy=3956
r
= =
∑ xy √∑ x2.∑ y2
3956
√3698 *4232
r INFERENCE The value of ‘r’ indicates that a high degree of positive correlation exist between two variables, respondents awareness level at present and the counseling.
=1
3.2 FINDINGS FROM THE STUDY
• • • • • • • • It is found that 31% of the respondents are Temporary operating trainees.31% of the respondents are Operators. It is found that 54% of the respondents are above 25 years. It is found that 47% of the respondents have an educational qualification of SSLC/HSC. It is evident that majority of the respondents have no accident proneness. It is found that most of work place accidents owing to workers. It is found that 78% of the worker based accidents due to unsafe material handling. It is found that 51% of the respondents have no awareness concerning Employees Safety & Health at the time of joining. It is astonished that at present majority of the respondents have awareness concerning
Employees Safety & Health. • • • • • • • • • • • • • It is evident that 59% of the respondents acquired the knowledge regarding Employees Safety & Health through motion pictures. It is found that 58% of the respondents have satisfactory level of work load in the organization. It is found that 64% of the respondents have no sufficient training about Employees Safety & Health. It is evident that 92% of the respondents have interest to participate in suggestion scheme regarding employees safety and health. It is found that participation level of 37% of the respondents participation level is none. It is found that 63 % of the respondents states that every year safety training is conducted in the organization. It is evident that most of the respondents states that they have inadequate first aid facilities. It is found that 39% of the respondents states appreciating employees for their work as a stress relief measure. It is evident that 54% of respondents state that they have no recreational facilities. It is found that 98% of the respondents said that they are not practicing the method of Ergonomics. It is found that 92% of the respondents said that they have no counseling for the employees pertaining to personal and technical problems. It is found that 63% respondents states that they have no pre employment and post employment medical check. It is evident that most of the respondents feels that the organization approach is mainly towards production.
3.3 SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The major cause for the workplace accidents that occur in the organization is unsafe handling of material. So the vestibule training method can be included in employee training program. The frequency of safety training for the employees on safety and health can be altered to monthly once instead of yearly twice. Proper maintaining of adequate First aid facilities should be ensured. The rest room should be reconstructed with sufficient space and the sports center
facility can also be extended to temporary labours. Ergonomics method should be followed. In an ergonomic workplace tools are designed to fit individual capabilities and limitation so that people can do their job without being injured. Work environment causes number of problems, counseling enables to overcome personal and technical problems. A careful Pre employment and Post employment medical check up can also be extended to temporary labours.
3.4 CONCLUSIONS
This analysis will give a clear idea as to the situation of a large number of accidents that occur in the organization and the steps that an organization should take to reduce these accidents and to prevent them from occurring in future. Some of the suggested measures for improving employees safety and health include vestibule training method, first aid facilities, recreational facilities, counseling program, pre employment and post employment medical check up for improving the effectiveness of employees safety and health. The findings of the survey will be utilized to bring about the necessary changes in
Employees Safety & Health procedures in the company. The above concept could be better envisaged to bring about the better safety and health for the employees by inculcating the concept of Ergonomics.
APPENDICES QUESTIONNAIRE
A Study on Effectiveness of Employees Safety and Health at Tvs Brakes India Limited – Chennai. I. PERSONAL DETAILS 1. Department 2. Designation 3. Age : : :
a. < 25 yrs
b.26-30 yrs c. 31-35 yrs d.36-40 yrs e. > 40yrs
4. Educational Qualification a. SSLC/HSC b. ITI c. Diploma d. Graduation e. Post Graduation 5. Total Work Experience a. < 1 yrs b. 2-4 yrs c.5-7 yrs d. 8-10 yrs e.>10 yrs
II. CAUSES OF ACCIDENT 6. Do you have accident proneness (fear)? a. Yes b No
If Yes, specific reason a. Personal problems b. Technical problem 7. The major reasons for the Work place accident a. Work Based b. Worker Based c. Environmental Problems
8. The major reasons for Work related accident that occur in the organization a. Improper lighting e. Polluted work place f. Inadequate Safety Devices b. Unsafe & careless house keeping c. Improper Ventilation d. If others mention 9. what are the worker based causes for the accident that occur in the accident a. Lack of adequate skill b. Neglecting safety devices c. Unsafe material handling d. Others Mention III. EMPLOYEES COMMITMENT e. Disturbed mental condition f. Unsafe speed
10. Is Good safety& health measures to work and individual recognition is need for improving work efficiency a. Strongly agree b. Agree c. Neither agree nor disagree 11. At the time of joining, your awareness level of Employees safety & health measures? a. Very High b. High c. Low d. Very low e. None d. Disagree e .Strongly disagree
12. At present, do you aware of Employees Safety & Health measures? a. Yes b. No
If Yes, through which a. Motion Pictures b. written brouchers c. colleagues d. Manager in person
13. Is your work load is acceptable in the organization? a. Yes b. No
IV. MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT 14. Do you get enough training from the company regarding Employees Safety & Health? a. Yes b. No
15. Which type of training Programmes are more effective to the employees? a. Class room b. On the job training c. Audio visual d. Others 16. Your level of participation in the implementation of Safety & Health Procedures in your organization a. Very High b. High c. Low d. Very low e. None
17. The frequency of safety training conducted in the organization
a. Weekly
b. Monthly c. Yearly
18. How do you feel about the approach from the organization? a. Flexible b. Transparent V. MEASURES 19. Infra-structural facility : c. People oriented d. Product oriented
Specify the level of satisfaction Highly Satisfied Rest room Drinking water Ventilation Lighting Toilets Working environment Transportation 20. Find the reasons for Stress relief measures a. Reasonable hours of work b. Rest Pauses or break in working hours c. Holidays and leave with pay d. Appreciating employees for their work 21. Does the company provide recreational facilities? a. Yes b. No Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied
22. The frequency of accidents is high in the organization during a .First Shift b .Second Shift c .Third Shift d. None 23. Is your practicing method of work is based on Ergonomics (designing tools and work based on the capabilities & limitation of work)?
a. Yes
b. No
24. Are they giving counseling for the employees? a. Yes b. No
25. What kind of medical checkup has conducted in pre- employment and post- employment? a. Special camp b. Hospital c. Health Department d. others
APPENDICES
BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS
1. Mamoria, C.B., Gankar, s.v., Personnel Management, Himalaya publishing House, Mumbai. 2. Bolley, J.W., A Guide to Effective Industrial Safety, Gulf Publishing House, Texas, 1977. 3. Kothari, C.R., Research Methodology , New Age International (p) Ltd., Publishers , New Delhi, 1985
4. Human Resource Management, The ICFAI Center for Management Research, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad.
WEB SITES
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 www.mba.net www/Managementhelp.org/ www.hrcouncil.co www.zeromillion .com/business/personnel
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