Read Read Read

Title of text
1 Swissair
Intensifies
Unicef
Commitment
2 Boxers teach
bullied pupils
to hit back
3 Good Eggs
4 Drunken wife's
smash with
police
5 Butt seriously
this is worth
£1,500
6 Dentist's
painful way
to extract
payment
7 Quick gun
check system
crawls to
a start
READ, READ, READ
CONTENTS
Contents
Collecting mon-
ey for Unicef
Boxing courses
for bullied
pupils
Dinosaur eggs
found
Accident caused
by a drunken
driver
Selling famous
people's things
at an auction
Conflict
between a den-
tist and non-
paying clients
A new system
of checking gun
buyers in the
USA
Grammar
reminder
Passive voice
Infinitive
and -ing
structures
Relative
clauses
Simple
past • Past
continuous •
Past perfect
Passive voice
Causative
Present and
Past partici-
pIes
References
to topics
Charities •
Travelling by air •
Money •
The euro •
International
organisa tions
Sports • Stress at
school • Aggression •
Building self-confi-
dence
Animals • Zoo •
Endangered species •
Nature parks •
Environmental
protection
Driving • Traffic •
Accidents • Police •
Male/female
differences
Famous people •
Being a star •
Collecting things •
Hobbies
At the doctor's •
Health care •
Handling conflicts
Weapons • The right
for self-defence •
Crimes • Police •
Hunting • War and
peace
9
15
22
29
38
45
53
7
Title of text Contents
8 Thefts are Stealing Irish
a bad sign for road signs
tourists
9 Tales of the Unexpected and
unexpected unnoticed preg-
nancy
10 Concern Computer
over the addiction
cyberjunkies
whoOD
on IT
11 The Life An experiment
Doctor to break family
cliches
12 Conversations Living after
with virtual death through
granny the computer
13 Punk Baby A controversial
Jesus and nativity scene
the three Mas-
ters of the
Universe
14 Europe votes EU law to ban
to ban tobacco adver-
tobacco tising
adverts
8
Grammar
reminder
Simple
past •
Present
perfect
Mixed
tenses
Infinitive of
purpose •
To make sb
do sth
Reported
speech
Relative
clauses •
Conditional
May •
Might •
Should •
Would
Infinitive
and -ing
structures •
Conditional
References
to topics
Travelling •
Tourism • National
characteristics •
Ireland
Family planning •
Bringing up
children • Love and
friendship
Using computers •
Various addictions
Family tree •
Handling family
conflicts •
Emotions • Personal
characteristics •
Family therapy
Information
technology • New
scientific discoveries
• Ethics in science •
Life and death
Christmas and other
holidays •
Customs •
Gift-giving •
Shopping • Modern
arts • Religion
Smoking •
Addictions • Bad
habits • Health •
Advertising •
TheEU
60
67
75
84
92
101
110
READ, READ, READ
UNIT 1
Swissair Intensifies Unicef Commitment
Before you read
Task You can see both sides of an envelope that can be found on Swissair flights.
Look at it and match the right caption (a-d) with pictures 1-4 on the envelope.
a) MAKE A DONATION TO UNICEF, PLEASE PUT THE MONEY IN THIS BAG
b) UNICEF AND THE CHILDREN OF THE WORLD THANK YOU FROM THE BOTTOM OF THEIR HEARTS
c) IF YOU HAVE FOREIGN CURRENCY LEFT OVER IN YOUR POCKETS AND WOULD LIKE TO
d) AND HAND IT TO THE FLIGHT ATTENDANT
Please help the children
world
Danke - Thank you - Gracias - Merci

. .
Grazie
,
j
<D -
.

® ,. If ..
<
- .-

Name
Address
ZIP c(Jde,Clty,Coun!ry

SWISS Committee for UNICE::f- Crl-8050 iWlch +.11 1 '{ 1 .' bL
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or sma" groups.
1. Do you think it is a good idea to collect donations for UNICEF in this way? Why/why not?
2. Have you ever taken part in any charity activity? If so, what was it?
3. What is your opinion of charity? Do you think it is a good way of helping those who need it?
READ, READ, READ 9
Read the text
Change for Good
Swissair Intensifies Unicef Commitment
A As of the beginning of October, Swissair,
together with UBS, is expanding its
commitment to Unicef within the
framework of the program Change for
Good. Whereas formerly collections for 5 C
the children of the world were only car-
ried out on long-haul flights, they will
now also take place on short-haul routes.
B Thanks to this aid program, over 8 mil-
lion dollars has been collected by 13 air- 10
lines (Swissair passengers alone con-
tributed CHF 900,000 for two years.)
The idea behind the campaign is as sim-
ple as it is obvious: experience has shown
that each international passenger returns 15
to his home country with approximately
three francs worth of foreign money -
coins that cannot be changed back into
Check your understanding
his own currency. Instead of having this
change land in a drawer somewhere, it
can be used to improve the quality of life 20
of children worldwide.
For this purpose, specially marked
envelopes have been placed in the seat
pockets on short-haul flights (on long-
haul flights they are inside the plastic 25
bag that contains your headphones). You
can place any amount of small change -
in any currency - in these envelopes and
hand them to your flight attendant dur-
ing your trip. The entire amount of the 30
change that is collected is turned over to
Unicef, which also supports the charities
sponsored by the Swissair Foundation.
(Swissair Gazette)
Task Choose the best answers to these questions according to the text.
Circle a), b) or c).
1. From this October Swissair will
a) start its new program Change for Good.
b) join the other 12 airlines in the program Change for Good.
c) modify the program Change for Good.
2. Experience has shown that people
a) easily give as much as 3 francs for charity.
b) have about 3 francs in foreign currency when returning home.
c) are happy not to take home foreign change.
10 READ, READ, READ
3. You are asked to put
a) any small change in the envelopes.
b) a minimum of three francs in the envelopes.
c) notes and coins in separate envelopes.
Task Find the words in the text which the following words refer to. Write them in the
spaces provided.
1. its (linc 2) ................................................. . 5. his (1i11c 18)
2. they (Iinc 7) ................................................. . 6. it (linc 19)
3. it (linc 14) 7. they (linc 25)
4. his (lillc 16) 8. them ((inc 29) .................................................. .
Vocabulary development
Task Decide if the following words are used as verbs or nouns in the text by writing
verb or noun in the spaces provided.
1. place (Ii flC 8) 6. land ((inc 19)
2. campaign (linc 13) ....................................... . 7. place (linc 27 )
3. experience (lillc 14) .................................... . 8. hand (linc 29)
4. returns (lillc IS) 9. trip (lillc 30)
5. change (linc 19) 10. supports (linc 32)
Task Use the words in the box either as nouns or verbs to fill in the gaps in the
following paragraph. Change the form of the words if necessary. You will not need
2 of the words.
campaign • return • land • hands • trip • experience • change • place • support
I like animals that is why I ............................ CD
the Cats Protection League, which runs a very
effective ................................ (]) to protect the
cats' rights. Of course you have to be careful to
................................ ® your money in a trust-
worthy charity but they have got a lot of
................................ @) in how to use the aid in
the best way. Some people say charity will not
................................ ® the world and you can
never know where your money will
................................ ® or who will lay their
................................ (j) on it, anyway.
READ, READ, READ 11
Task In Column A you can find words from the text. Fill the gaps in the sentences
in Column B with the correct form of each word.
Column A Column B
1. INTENSIFY He is learning English on an ..................................... course.
2. COMMITMENT I asked her what she thought but she refused to
......................................... herself.
3. EXPAND Nothing can stop their economic .................................... .
4. FLIGHT I am ..................................... out to Hong Kong tomorrow.
5. COLLECT He has got a fine ..................................... of paintings.
6. CONTRIBUTE Thank you for your ..................................... .
7. IMPROVE My teacher wrote on my test: 'This is a great .................................... !'
8. CONTAIN The ..................................... of your essay is excellent.
Task Find expressions in the text which could replace the underlined expressions
in the summary. Write the expressions in the spaces provided.
Thanks to the program Change for Good, more than (par
B) 8 million dollars has been collected. The collections will
be performed (par A) both on short- and long-haul flights
in the future. We know from experience that each interna-
tional passenger arrives home with about (par B) three
francs worth of metal money (par B). Passengers are asked
to place any quantity (par C) of small change in special
envelopes and to give (par C) them to their steward or
stewardess (par C) during the trip. The total (par C) sum
of money that is collected is given to (par C) Unicef,
which will use it to improve the quality of life of children
all over the world (par B).
1 ................................................ .
2 ................................................ .
3 ................................................ .
4 ................................................ .
5 ................................................ .
6 ................................................ .
7 ................................................ .
8 ................................................ .
9 ................................................ .
10 ................................................ .
Task 0 Combine each expression in Box A with a preposition in Box B. Fill in the
gaps with the completed expressions. You can refer back to the text to see how
the expressions were used there.
A
instead ... (par B)
... this purpose (par C)
the idea ... (par B)
thanks ... (par B)
as ... (par A)
... the framework (par A)
12
B
of (2 x)
to
behind
for
within
READ, READ, READ
............................................. CD November new rules will be introduced at ten Somerset pubs
................................... ® of a cultural campaign .................................... ® the campaign is that
there is too much bad language in pubs and something should be done against it
................................... @) putting up with it ......................................... ®, special 'swear boxes' will
be installed and the money collected will be turned over to charity. ................................... ® the
White Hart pub in Taunton, which has piloted the 'swear box' for half a year, £500 has been
raised for a hospital baby unit.
Grammar reminder - Passive voice
Task Study the following extracts from the text and change the sentences (1-10)
below into the Passive .
... collections were only carried out on long-haul flights ...
... over 8 million dollars has been collected ...
.... coins that cannot be changed back ...
... it can be used to improve the quality of life ...
... specially marked envelopes have been placed ...
... the entire amollnt is turned over to Unicef ...
1. Three snowballs hit the professor.
2. Children cannot open these bottles easily.
3. His teachers were discussing his oral exam right in front of him.
4. Somebody had slipped a love letter under the door.
READ, READ, READ 13
5. They will collect the fines on Tuesday.
6. My son has eaten all the homemade cookies.
7. Someone is interviewing Pat at the moment.
8. Customers must not use that door.
9. The government built a road right outside her front door.
10. We will celebrate his birthday on Saturday.
Follow-up activities
1. Discuss in pairs or small groups which methods of collecting money for charity are
the most effective. Complete the list if necessary.
• Street collection
• Door-to-door collection
• Church collection
• Collection at work
• Shop-counter collection
• Television appeal
• Appeal letter
• Appeal advertisement
• Raffle tickets
• Charity event
• Jumble sale
• Charity shop
2. Write a paragraph of approximately 80-100 words about a charity campaign
that you approved of/disapproved of very much. Give your reasons for your likes
or dislikes.
14 READ, READ, READ
UNIT 2
Boxers teach bullied pupils to hit back
Before you read
Task Discuss the following questions
in pairs or small groups.
*
1. Have you ever experienced bullying
in your school?
2. What could be done against bullying?
3. How can you help young people gain
self-confidence?
4. Why are Japanese sports such as aikido
or karate so popular these days?
5. What do you think of boxing?
Task Write the names of the different kinds of sports in the chart below. Some
sports may belong to more than one category. Collect more sports to complete
the lists.
aikido • basketball • boxing • diving • fishing • football • golf • handball •
high-jump • horse-riding • hunting • ice-hockey • judo • karate • long-jump •
rowing • running • sailing • shooting • skating • skiing • surfing • swimming •
throwing the javelin • volleyball • water-polo • wrestling
Water
sports
Athletic
sports
* frightening or hurting a weaker person
READ, READ, READ
Team
sports
Winter
sports
Fighting
sports
Country
sports
15
Read the text
Boxers teach bullied pupils to hit back
A A Women-Only boxing club thinks it 1
has an answer to school bullies - teach-
ing victims how to defend themselves.
B Jayne Mowbray, Britain's first female
boxing coach, has opened one of her 5
three weekly sessions at the Dunferm-
line club to youngsters of both sexes
who are being bullied. "It's something
we don't advertise," she said, "but any
kids who have been bullied are welcome 10
to come along with their parents. The
idea isn't to equip them to hit back but
to build their self-confidence by showing
them how to hit the punch-bags and
moves in sparring so they can stand up 15
for themselves if necessary".
C More than a dozen bullied teenage boys,
and a couple of girls, from the surround-
ing Fife area have been tutored in the
noble art by Miss Mowbray, 28, a social 20
worker. Among the first was the 14-
year-old son of a primary-school teacher
in Dunfermline. "Apart from other
things, the bullies twisted his legs round
a lamppost, and I decided that was 25
enough," his mother said. "I'm not an
advocate of boxing - I hate to watch it
on television - but I know Jayne and
trust her judgement. My son had never
thought about boxing until I took him 30
to Jayne's club, but what she has taught
him has given him rules to live by. He
now has the confidence to hold his head
high and walk away, knowing he can
handle himself if things turn nasty. But 35
he hasn't been bullied since."
Check your understanding
o The 47-year-old teacher was so impressed
that she subsequently joined the club
herself, and now works out and spars
with the 18 other females who attend 40
what is believed to be the world's first
boxing club run by women for women.
Her 17-year-old daughter also donned
headguard and gloves after watching her
brother, and has taken boxing as part of 45
her Duke of Edinburgh Award certif-
icate. "Although boxing gets a bad press,
what happens here is not about knock-
ing each on the head, or inflicting black
eyes and bloody noses", her mother 50
says. "It's about learning how to defend
yourself but also how to balance your-
self properly and get into shape - I have
lost nearly three stone. It is as much a
social exercise as a physical one. Although S5
he enjoyed it and now knows how to
box, my son has no desire to take it up
seriously. He's quiet and more into com-
puter studies, which is probably why he
was a victim of bullying in the first 60
place."
E Miss Mowbray said: "We see the kids
change in front of our eyes. Some are in
their first year at high school and are quite
small, but when they walk out of here 65
after a few sessions they are 10 feet tall,
holding their heads high. We are not turn-
ing them into instant fighting machines,
simply boosting their confidence and
building their self-esteem. 70
(The Independent on Sunday)
Task Fill in the gaps in this short summary with words from the text. Use the correct
form of the words.
Jayne Mowbray is a ................................................ CD and a ........................................................ @
She runs a ................................................ ® in Dunfermline. She seems to be the first female
coach who allows .......................... 0 to attend boxing courses. In one of her weekly sessions she
16 READ, READ, READ
is prepared to teach young boys and girls who .......................................................................... @.
According to Miss Mowbray, punching will help young people .............................. ® themselves
and build ......................... ...................... 0 A primary-school teacher, who otherwise
................................ ® boxing, says that Miss Mowbray's course has ........................ ® her son
........................... ® to live by. Besides learning how to defend yourself, you may also get
...................................................... @ and lose some weight. Miss Mowbray says it's good to see
young people learn to hold .................................................................................... @.
Task Find the expressions in the text which the following words refer to. Write them
in the spaces provided.
1. it (hllc I) 5. I (/illc 26)
2. who (hllc 8) 6. her (lille 44)
3. them (hllc I.:;.) 7. he (lil1e 56)
4. his (lillc 24) 8. some (lillc 63)
Vocabulary development
Task Find the words in the text which have a similar meaning to the expressions
below. Write them in the spaces provided.
1. woman ......................................................... (par B)
2. firm trust ......................................................... (par B)
3. boxing ......................................................... (par B)
4. deal with; control ........................................................ (par C)
5. afterwards ........................................................ (par D)
6. train the body ........................................................ (par D)
7. put on e. g. clothes ........................................................ (par D)
8. increase; help ......................................................... (par E)
Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with a word taken from the text.
Use one word for each sentence from the box below.
surrounding • advocate of • subsequently • inflicting • balance • desire • boost
1. He is a lifelong ...................................... environmental protection.
2. The new tax system is supposed to ...................................... domestic production.
3. There are several distilleries in the ...................................... area.
4. He ...................................... decided to quit and start his own business.
5. He has always had a strong ...................................... to get rich.
6. How long can you ...................................... on one foot?
7. He was accused of ...................................... a severe wound on his father.
READ, READ, READ 17
Task In Column A you can find words from the text. Fill in the gaps in the sen-
tences in Column B with the correct form of each word.
Column A
1. DEFEND
2. EOUIP
Column B
The Great Wall in China was built as a ................................. against nomadic
peoples.
They are a leading company in office ...................................... .
3. MOVES She was a prominent figure of the .................................... to promote women's
rights.
4. JUDGEMENT He's been appointed a High Court ................................... .
5. IMPRESSED You need to make a good .......................................... if you'd like to get the job.
6. SOCIAL Marketing is a major activity in a consumer .................................. .
7. PRESS The ........................... of city life forces many people to move to small villages
around Budapest.
8. ENJOYED The band was playing so loudly that it was hardly ............................ .
Task Complete the phrasal verbs with appropriate prepositions from the box.
after • away • in • off (3
x
) • on • over (2x) • round • through • to • up (2x)
1.
2.
3.
4.
GET
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
TAKE
11.
12.
13.
14.
have a holiday
start a journey
perform in a particular situation
overcome or master sth
avoid regulations without acting illegally
make contact by telephone
resemble (one's father or mother) in appearance or character
make (e.g. a dress) narrower or tighter
(of an aeroplane) leave the ground and start to fly
remove clothes from one's body
gain control of a business
start sth (e.g. a job)
occupy a specified space or time
accompany sb to a place (e.g. the theatre)
Task Fill the gaps in the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs get
or take.
1. I think I should .......................... this blouse in at the breast.
2. We'll have to .......................... off early in the morning.
3. My time is fully .......................... up with writing my dissertation.
4. The plane had to return to the airport 40 minutes after it had ............................... off.
5. After the concern .......................... over the company, more than 200 people were dismissed.
6. She's never been able to .......................... over the death of her parents.
18 READ, READ, READ
7. He always .......................... his wife out to dinner on the anniversary of their wedding.
8. We'd love to .......................... away for a few days after the school year finishes for the kids.
9. He is going to .......................... up the new position next week.
10. How is your son .......................... on at school?
11. My granny always made us ....................................... off our shoes in the hall before we entered
her flat.
12. Lawyers have to be good at .......................... round regulations.
13. I've phoned a hundred times, but I haven't .......................... through to him yet.
Task Fill in the gaps with the words in the box below if it is necessary. You may
need to use the same word more than once.
back • by • into • on • out • to • up
1. You make people's lives easier if you give the rules to live ....................................... .
2. Nobody has an answer ................... every question.
3. Many fathers think boys should be able to hit ...................... if they are hurt.
4. Many people joined ................... the boxing club in Dunfermline.
5. I decided to take .............................. a special course in presentation skills.
6. I work ........................ regularly to keep fit.
7. He knocked his opponent ........................ the head so hard that he almost died.
8. Few people dare to stand ........................... for their rights.
9. Water turns ......................... ice when it freezes.
Grammar reminder - Infinitive and -ing structures
Task Study the following extract from the text. Re-write the sentences below using
similar structures. Remember that sometimes you can use an -ing structure instead
of the infinitive.
We see the kids change in (rant o( our eyes. (par E)
1. All the neighbours can hear when he sings opera arias in the bathroom.
2. The car crashed into the wall. Nobody saw it.
3. I saw them the other day. They were walking hand in hand.
4. They quarrelled so loudly last night that we could hear them through the wall.
5. Her parents didn't notice when she came home.
READ, READ, READ 19
Task Study the following extract from the text. Re-write the sentences below using
similar structures.
The teacher and thet8 other females attend what is believed to be the worldls fi'rst boxing club. (par D)
1. Everybody believes that this is the best solution.
2. Everybody thinks that he earns a fortune in his new position.
3. Parents usually consider him a good maths teacher.
4. People think that top managers have a comfortable life.
5. Since he didn't come home after the war, everybody thinks he died at the front.
6. Pupils consider maths and physics difficult subjects.
7. Everybody believed that Peter had stolen the bicycle.
Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences using the infinitive or the -ing form
of the verbs given.
1. They taught the kids how .......................... (DEFEND) themselves.
2. I've never had enough confidence .......................... (TELL) him what I thought.
3. I often think about .......................... (QUIT) my job and .......................... (MOVE) to a new
place.
4. It might be difficult to believe, but she's always been an advocate of
(WRESTLE).
5. Give her something .......................... (DRINK), please.
6. Small boys often become victims of .......................... (BULLY).
7. Anyone interested in folk traditions is welcome .......................... (JOIN) the folk dance club.
8. My son has a strong desire .......................... (PLAY) the guitar in a band.
9. Karate seems to be about .......................... (TURN) young kids into fighting machines, some
people would say.
10. I'd like to take up music lessons and .......................... (DANCE).
11. Nobody is allowed ................................ (ENTER) the x-ray room when the light is on.
12. Heavy smokers are often unable to give up ...................................... (SMOKE) even if they
want to.
13. I couldn't shout. I was too frightened even ...................................... (SAY) a single word.
14. He is a lecturer so he's used to ...................................... (TALK) to a larger audience.
20 READ, READ, READ
Follow-up activities
1. Give your opinion about the following statements. Work in pairs.
a) Aggressive behaviour among young people is on the increase.
b) Television bears responsibility for making young kids aggressive.
c) It is impossible to stop aggression in school unless there is severe punishment.
d) It's always the boys who bully the weak.
2. Write a paragraph of approximately 120-150 words for the Advice Column of your
daily paper. Write your opinion for a mother who is considering taking her 7 year-
old-son to a new school because he's been bullied at school for several months.
3. Look at the pictures and discuss what they suggest.
READ, READ, READ 21
Before you read
UNIT 3
Good Eggs
Task Write the names of animals in the box under the appropriate heading.
bear • lizard • dolphin • snake • salmon • turkey • swallow • donkey • antelope •
mosquito • snail • butterfly • crocodile • mouse • duck • carp • lion • parrot •
eagle • fox • giraffe • sheep • sparrow • turtle • guinea-pig • octopus
Mammals Reptiles Birds Fish
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or
small groups.
1. Why do you think some ancient animals, e.g.
mammoths or dinosaurs, became extinct a long time
ago?
2. Why do you think cartoonists and toy makers so often
use the figure of a dinosaur?
3. Do you have a dino toy or mascot? Why do many
people have a mascot in their bags or in their cars?
22
Insects Mollusks
READ, READ, READ
Read the text
ORIGINS
Good Eggs
A Last week National Geographic and the
journal Nature announced the discovery of
one of the largest deposits of dinosaur eggs
ever found, including the first fossils of
embryo skin ever seen by human eyes.
D The team will return to Auca Mahuevo in
B Titanosaurs - 45-foot-Iong relatives of the
behemoth known as Brontosaurus - laid
the eggs along a flood plain in what is now
Argentina 70 million to 90 million years
ago. The site was quickly dubbed Auca E
Mahuevo, after the Spanish for "more
eggs".
C Expedition co-leader Luis Chiappe, of the
American Museum of Natural History,
says they've recovered partial skeletons of
three-dozen embryos, each about 15 inches
long. But it's the exquisitely preserved skin
that really excites the scientists, the fossils
are helping them understand how dino-
saurs changed as they grew.
Check your understanding
March, hoping to recover enough speci-
mens to construct a complete "ontological
series", a set of embryos representing each
stage of dino development. They may find
clues about dinosaur behaviour, too,
including whether newly hatched titano-
saurs could stand on their own four feet
and fend for themselves.
Auca Mahuevo is almost certainly the best
record of dinosaur life ever uncovered. Other
fossil beds are threatened by development
and poachers, but the new site has been
established as a dinosaur reserve, the first in
Argentina. "You never know what you'll
find the next time you look," says Chiappe.
At Auca Mahuevo, it seems, the paleontolo-
gists will have a chance to find out.
(Newsweek The International Magazine)
Task Decide whether the following statements are true or false according
to the text. Write T (true) or F (false) in the boxes provided.
1. Scientists had never found more than one dinosaur egg in one deposit
previously.
2. The name of the place means "more eggs" in Spanish.
3. The dino skin will help find out how dinos changed during the thousands
of years.
4. The team would like to find more eggs.
5. Scientists have discovered that newly hatched titanosaurs could stand
on their own feet.
6. The new site is not threatened by development and poachers.
7. The reserve in Argentina is the first dino reserve in the world.
READ, READ, READ 23
(fA
,'>
L: ....
. .
C::(
Task Answer the following questions in no more than 6 words.
1. What was the most significant find of the expedition?
2. What do scientists hope to find out about dinos by studying the fossils?
a) .................................................................................................... .
~ .................................................................................................... .
3. What is an ontological series?
4. Why does Auca Mahuevo seem to be the best record of dinosaur life?
5. What does the sentence "You never know what you'll find the next time you look" (par E)
refer to?
Vocabulary development
Task Find the words or expressions in the text which have a similar meaning
to the expressions in Column 8. Write your answers in Column A.
Column A
1 ...................................................... .
2 ...................................................... .
3 ...................................................... .
4 ...................................................... .
5 ...................................................... .
6 ...................................................... .
7 ...................................................... .
8 ...................................................... .
9 ...................................................... .
10 ...................................................... .
24
Column B
remains of a prehistoric animal or plant (par A)
area beside a river which is occasionally flooded
(par B )
framework of bones supporting an animal or a human
body (par C)
beautifully, finely (par C)
thing taken as an example of its group/class (e.g. for
scientific research or for a collection) (par D)
fact, idea, or piece of evidence that suggests a possible
answer to a problem (par D)
break out of an egg (par D)
look after oneself (par D)
person who catches game birds, animals or fish with-
out permission on sb else's property (par E)
scientist specialised in studying fossils as a guide to the
history of life on earth (par E)
READ, READ, READ
Task Choose the expression from Column B which most closely agrees with the
meaning of the underlined word in the extract in Column A. Circle the appropriate
letter.
Column A
1. deposit of dinosaur eggs (par A)
2. a relative of the behemoth (par B)
3. the site was dubbed (par B)
4. they've recovered skeletons (par C)
5. each stage of development (par D)
Column B
a) sum of money put in a bank account
b) amount of a substance laid down or left some-
where
a) somebody or something who is related to an-
other usually by family relation
b) not absolute, comparative
a) give sb/sth a nickname
b) add to or replace the soundtrack of a film in a
different language
a) find again sth stolen or lost
b) return to a normal state of health, mental condi-
tion, etc.
a) platform in the theatre on which plays are per-
formed
b) period or step in the development or growth of
sth
6. established as a dinosaur reserve (par E) a) area of land reserved as a habitat for nature conver-
sation, or reserved for occupation by a native tribe
b) sth put aside and kept for later use
Task Fill in the gaps in the sentences below with the correct form of the words in
the box. You can check the meanings in Task 6.
deposit • dub • recover • relative • reserve • stage
1. I've seen a Western film .......................... into German and it sounded very funny.
2. He made two ......................... of $ 200 last week, which the police found very strange.
READ, READ, READ 25
3. I don't like sitting too close to the ................................ Heavy make-up on the actors' faces
always makes me disillusioned.
4. My mother was born in Transylvania and at Christmas we always visit our ..................... .
there.
5. He is 95 now and doctors say he is not likely to ........................................ from his pneumonia.
6. When I was in America, I visited the Cherokee Indian ............................... and I bought some
souvenirs in their shops.
7. At this ............................. it is impossible to tell whether the government and the strikers can
reach a compromise or not.
8. A thick ............................ of mud lay on the fields when the flood went down and it made the
land of Egypt exceptionally fertile.
9. They are living in ............................................................. comfort now, at least compared to
what they had to endure earlier.
10. No bodies were ............................. in the wreck.
11. Which city is ................................... the Venice of the North?
12. The issue of bank notes used to rely on the countries' gold ................................... .
Task Fill in the following chart with the correct forms of the given words.
Expression
in the text
1. announced
2. preserved
3. excites
4. scientists
5. construct
6. representing
7. threatened
8. established
Verb Noun Adjective
Task Use the correct form of the words in Column A to complete the sentences
in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. ANNOUNCED When I was young, I wanted to be a TV ............................................... .
2. PRESERVED My grandmother could make the best apricot ............................... in the world.
3. EXCITES She couldn't conceal her ................................................ She blushed and then
turned pale.
4. SCIENTISTS They carried out ............................................... research on the side-effects of
the new drug.
26 READ, READ, READ
5. CONSTRUCT Many people work illegally in the ............................................... industry.
6. REPRESENTING They have sent questionnaires to BOO ............................................... of the
teaching profession.
7. THREATENED Politicians often receive ......................................... letters and telephone calls.
B. ESTABLISHED The local government has decided on the ................................................ of a
new library.
Grammar reminder - Relative clauses
Task Study the following examples from the text (Column A) and how we can
re-write them using a relative clause (Column 8).
Study the position of the past participle (third form of the verb) in the sentences
in Column A.
Column A
They announced one of the largest deposits of
dinosaur eggs ever toulld ...
... including the first fossils of embryo skin
ever seell by human eyes.
Auca Mahuevo is the best record of dinosaur
life ever ul1covered.
It's the exquisitely preserved skin that really
excites the scientists.
... whether Ilewly hatched titanosaurs could
stand on their own four feet.
Column B
They announced one of the largest deposits of
dinosaur eggs \X'hlch had ever been found ...
. .. including the first fossils of embryo skin
thm had eller been seen by human eyes.
Auca Mahuevo is the best record of dinosaur
life that has el'er been IIncovered.
It's the skin that has beC/1 preserved exquisitely
that really excites the scientists.
. .. whether titanosaurs which had just hatched
could stand on their own four feet.
Task Re-write the following sentences. Use an expression with a past participle
instead of the relative clauses in italics.
1. The discovery which was announced last week caused a great excitement in the world.
2. The eggs which were deposited along a flood plain were found by an international expedition.
3. The fossils which were recovered along a flood plain in Argentina are 70 to 90 million years old.
4. The site which was dubbed Auca Mahuevo is situated near to a river in Argentina.
READ, READ, READ 27
5. The embryo skin which they have just foul1d il1 Argel1til1a will help scientists understand how
dinosaurs changed as they grew.
6. The specimens they have recovered may enable scientists to construct a complete "ontological
series" .
7. There are many fossil beds in the world that are threatel1ed by deve/opl11wt t1l1d poachers.
8. The dinosaur reserve which has bew /lew/v established will attract both scientists and tourists in
the future.
Follow-up activities
1. Discuss the following questions in small groups.
a) Does it make any sense to study fossils? Can people learn anything useful from it? Why?
Why not?
b) Which animal species are threatened by extinction now? What are the reasonsc.
c) What can scientists and ordinary people do to prevent the extinction of animals?
d) What organisations have you heard of that protect animals' rights?
2. Write a short review (in 120-150 words) of a film or book that features animals
or a particular animal.
28 READ, READ, READ
UNIT 4
Drunken wife's smash with police
Before you read
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups.
1. What means of transport do you know? What are their advantages and disadvantages?
2. Which is the most/least dangerous way of transport? Why?
3. Why are there so many accidents on the roads?
4. Can you drink and drive in your country? If so, how much is the drink-drive limite Do you
know how it is regulated in other countries?
5. Do you think banning alcohol while driving can decrease accidents? Why?
6. Have you ever driven after drinking alcohol? / Would you drive after drinking alcohol?
Task Label the following picture by writing the appropriate number (1-7)
in the spaces provided.
1. accident • 2. tyre • 3. roundabout • 4. traffic sign • 5. dual carriageway •
6. northbound carriage way • 7. central crash barrier
READ, READ, READ 29
Read the text
Text 1 Drunken wife's smash with police
A A drunk woman drove five miles the
wrong way up the Al and smashed into a
police car travelling to an accident at over
100 mph, a court heard yesterday.
B Almost three and a half times over the blood
alcohol limit after two bottles of wine, she
carried on for a further 14 miles on just two
tyres, went around a roundabout three
times and crashed into a road sign.
C But despite expecting to spend Christmas
in jail, charity worker Joyce Forbes, 49,
walked free from Teesside Crown Court.
D Mrs Forbes, of Northallerton, North York-
shire, with a clean driving record for 23
years, pleaded guilty to dangerous driving
and excess alcohol on July 18.
E Judge Tony Briggs accepted a psychiatric
report that she was suffering from a de-
pressive illness and alcoholism and put her
on probation for two years and banned her
from driving for five.
(Daily Mail)
Text 2 Wrong-way driver hit police car after party
F A woman who got drunk at a party drove
five miles the wrong way up a dual car-
riageway and struck a police car which was
travelling at over 100 mph, a court was
told yesterday.
G Joyce Forbes, 49, who was almost three and
a half times the drink-drive limit, carried
on along the Al in North Yorkshire for
another 14 miles, ending up on only two
tyres, Teesside Crown Court was told.
H Forbes, of Thornton-Ie-Moor, Northalerg-
ton, pleaded guilty to dangerous driving
with excess alcohol on July 18. She was put
on probation for two years, ordered to do
120 hours' community service and disqual-
ified for five years.
I Peter Makepeace, defending, said Forbes
was suffering from depression and alcohol-
ism. She had expected to go to jail.
30
J Forbes, a fundraiser for Barnardos Homes,
had attended a charity night in Sowerby
with her ll-year-old daughter. She drank
two bottles of wine.
K The court heard that she was upset and
emotional when her husband arrived to take
her home. When she was left alone in the
car she set off for home five miles away.
L She drove south on the northbound car-
riageway of the Al. Near Rainton Services
her Ford Escort was clipped by a police Volvo
estate heading for the scene of an accident.
M The police car hit the central crash barrier
and spun around, its driver receiving a
whiplash injury.
Forbes was eventually arrested after
crashing into a traffic sign.
(Daily Telegraph)
READ, READ, READ
Check your understanding
Task Put the following statements in chronological order according to what
happened. Write numbers 1-12 in the boxes.
a) Mrs Forbes went around a roundabout three times.
b) Mrs Forbes was arrested.
c) Mr Forbes went to the party and wanted to take his wife home.
d) The court put Mrs Forbes on probation.
e) The Ford Escort hit the police car.
f) Mrs Forbes drove 14 miles south on the northbound carriageway.
g) Mrs Forbes drank two bottles of wine at the charity party.
h) The Ford Escort crashed into a road sign.
i) Mrs Forbes pleaded guilty to dangerous driving and excess alcohol.
j) The police car hit the central crash barrier and spun around.
k) Mrs Forbes drove five miles south on the northbound carriageway.
1) Mrs Forbes got angry and left for home alone in the car.
1.0
2·0
3·0
4·0
5·0
6·0
7·0
8·0
9·0
10·0
11. 0
12·0
Task In which text(s) can you find the answer to the following questions? Tick the
appropriate boxes below and answer in no more than three words where possible.
1. What is Mrs Forbes' job?
2. Which road was Mrs Forbes
driving on?
3. How fast was she driving
before the accident?
4. How fast was the police car
driving before the accident?
5. Where was the police car
going to before the accident?
6. Was Mrs Forbes hurt in the
accident?
7. Was anyone in the police car
hurt in the accident?
8. How many times did she go
around the roundabout?
9. Where had she drunk the two
bottles of wine?
10. What did Mrs Forbes tell her
husband at the party?
11. How far does Mrs Forbes live
from the place of the party?
12. Had she recently caused other
car accidents?
READ, READ, READ
Text 1 Text 2 Both Neither
31
Vocabulary development
Task For each of the underlined expressions from Text 1 find one expression in
Text 2 which has a similar meaning. Write them in the spaces provided.
Text 1 Text 2
Drunken wife's smash with police Wrong-way driver hit police car
1. The police car was travelling to an accident. (par L) .................................................................. ..
(par A)
2. Mrs Forbes was well over the blood alcohol (par G) ...................................................... """"",,.
limit. VJar B)
3. She crashed into a road sign. (par B) (par M) ........ """"""""" .... """ ... " ...... ,,",, .. ,, .........
4. Mrs Forbes was suffering from a depressive (par J) """" .... """ .... " .. """"" .. " .. "" ...... """ ........ ".
illness. (par E)
5. The judge banned her from driving for five (par H) " .. "" .. "" .. """""" ........ """" ...... """" .. " .....
years. (par E)
Task Find verbs in the texts which describe the collision of two thing(s)
or person(s). Write the verb forms in Column A. In Column B write the thing(s)
or person(s) colliding. One has been done for you as example.
Column A Column B
1. (pm A) ...... " ........... sl1Tashed into " ... a drul1k womal1 & a police car " ....
2. (,Jar B)
3. (title or Text 2) """" .... """" .... "" ........ "" .... """" ........ "
4. (par F) " .. " ...... """ .... "" .......... "" .. """" .... """"
5. (par L)
6. (par M)
7. (par M)
32 READ, READ, READ
Task Match the expressions in the box with the definitions below. Write them in the
spaces provided.
report • probation • injury • accident • excess • court • community service •
injury • charity • limit • scene • jail
1 ...................................................... .
2 ...................................................... .
3 ...................................................... .
4 ...................................................... .
5 ...................................................... .
6 ...................................................... .
more than is needed or allowed
damage or harm done to a person's body
organisation for helping the needy
the place where an event happened
place where law cases are held
unexpected event which causes damage
7 ...................................................... .
8 ...................................................... .
9 ...................................................... .
official document prepared by a specialist on a subject
organised work that is done in order to help other people
greatest or smallest amount allowed or possible
10 ..................................................... . period of time during which a criminal is not sent to
prison but is under official su pervision
11 ...................................................... . place where criminals are kept to punish them for their
crlmes
12. ...................................................... physical harm or damage to someone's body caused by
an accident or an attack
Task Fill in the gaps in the sentences below. In each case choose one verb from
the box. Use the correct form of the verbs.
suffer • put • ban • receive • plead • arrest • accept • expect • order • defend •
spin • attend • hear • head
1. They had a quiet wedding - only a few friends ................................... it.
2. Three policeman ................................... minor injuries in the accident.
3. Do you ................................... from headaches?
4. At first he denied blackmailing the lord but then he ................................... guilty.
5. The court did not ................................... the specialist's report as it was not satisfactory.
6. He was ................................... from the meetings because he always caused scandals.
7. The court will ................................... the case in May.
8. You can't ................................... to learn a foreign language in a week.
9. She had been ................................... on probation after six months in prison.
10. The police ................................... the thief and put him in prison.
11. The doctor ................................... me to stay in bed.
12. She didn't have a lawyer but ................................... herself successfully in court.
13. He was so hungry that he ................................... straight for the fridge.
14. The roulette players silently watched the wheel ................................... round.
READ, READ, READ 33
Task The words in the box are taken from the texts. Group them according to their
meaning.Task
northbound carriageway • injury • arrest • crash • scene • blood alcohol limit •
smash • road sign • court • ban • dual carriageway • police car • spin around •
judge • traffic sign • central crash barrier • probation • jail • hit • driving record •
drink-drive limit • disqualify • roundabout • tyre • dangerous driving •
community service • struck • clipped • driver • excess alcohol
Road
34
Traffic ------------,-------- Law
Car Accident Person
Traffic law
- - - - ~ -
\\\""\ \\\\\\\\\\HH",HIIII\\ 11\\11t11l""I.
,,"\' "" \ '" '''' ''II'" ,\\\\\ '" \ ,,, \t\\\ \. \ \\, \\\\
'ttM'" fll'-'" l\\\tUIiI ,tl/Ii IIlelf (III f/tJ IItlIItHf""ItIItIHfl' \I'
\lll\(\I\I(\II\II(Il(\\
\\
\\\1\\1\\\\ \t\l
\ \ ~ \\.
Decision Place
READ, READ, READ
Task Fill in the gaps in the following summary. Use one preposition of place or
movement for each gap from the box below.
on • in (3
x
) • into (2x) • at (2x) • to • near • away • towards • around (2x) • up •
over (2x) • along • from • for
Joyce Forbes got drunk .................... CD a party .................... ® Sowerby. Her husband wanted to
take her home but she was upset and set off .................... ® home when she was left alone
.................... 0 the car. Her home was only five miles .................... ® but she drove ................... .
® the A1. Then she drove five miles the wrong way .................... (j) the dual carriageway and
smashed .................... ® a police car .................... ® Rainton Services. The police car was travel-
ling .................... @ an accident .................... @ .................... © 100 mph. The police car hit the
central crash barner and spun .................... @.
Mrs Forbes carried on ....................... @ the Al ......................... @ just two tyres, went
..................... @ a roundabout three times and crashed ..................... @ a traffic sign. She was
almost three and a half times ..................... @ the blood alcohol limit.
She expected to spend Christmas ....................................... ® prison but she could walk free
.................... @ Teesside Crown Court.
Task Read the following sample sentences and match the prepositional phrases
in Column A with the correct definitions in Column B. Write letters a-i) in the boxes
provided.
1. She is really the best, she carried off most of the prizes for swimming.
2. After striking the police car the woman carried 011 along the A1.
3. Jean makes good plans but she cannot carry them through.
4. Her first, childless marriage el1ded il1 divorce.
5. We el1ded off the meal with coffee and brandy.
6. The drunken woman caused an accident, drove on and el1ded up on only two tyres.
7. The civil war set brother agail1st brother.
8. After the party Mrs Forbes set off for home.
9. The government has set up a committee to look into the problem of drug abuse.
Column A Column B
1. carry off
D
a) Finish sth (in a suitable or successful way)
2. carryon
D
b) Finish sth successfully (when it is difficult to do)
3. carry through
D
c) Reach a certain place or situation (which was not the original
intention)
4. end in
D
d) Make sb compete with or be hostile to (a friend, relative, etc)
5. end off
D
e) Begin (a journey, race, etc)
6. end up
D
f) Continue (doing sth)
7. set against
D
g) Establish or create (a company, business, institution, course, etc)
8. set off
D
h) Finish in a particular way
9. set up
D
i) Win sth
READ, READ, READ 35
Task Fill in the gaps in the sentences below. In each case choose one expression
from the box. Use the correct form of the verbs.
carry off • end in • set against • carry on • end off • set off • carry through •
end up • set up
1. It's a difficult job but she's the person to .................... it .................... .
2. If you want to catch that train you should .................................... for the station immediately.
3. He ........................................ his speech by telling a very funny joke.
4. She accused her ex-husband of . ..... .... ...... .... their children .................... her.
5. Tom ........................................ the gold medal in the tennis championship.
6. When he married he left his father's shop and ........................................ his own business.
7. If you continue to steal, you'll ........................................ in prison.
8. 'I am not boring you, am I?' 'No, no .......................................... '
9. They could not agree, the discussion ........................................ a quarrel.
Grammar reminder - Simple past • Past continuous • Past perfect
Task Read the following simplified sentences from the article and put the underlined
expressions in the boxes below. Comment on the verb forms and use of tenses.
A drunk woman drove five miles the wrong way up the Al and struck a police car which was
travelling at over 100 mph.
She carried on for a further 14 miles, went around a roundabout three times and crashed into a
road sign.
Forbes had attended a charity night in Sowerby. She drank two bottles of wine.
Peter Makepeace said Forbes was suffering from depression. She had expected to go to jail.
Simple past Past continuous Past perfect
Task Use Simple past, Past continuous or Past perfect in the following text.
It .......................................... (BE) CD a lovely day, the snow ......................... (FALL) 0
gently. I ..................................................................... (SIT) G) in the train compart-
ment and I ............................................. (FEEL) @) quite happy. I ......................... .
(JUST HEAR) ® that I ............................................................... (WIN) ® first prize in a
lottery and I .......................................... (THINK) (]) about what to do with the money.
Suddenly the woman opposite me ............................................ (PULL) ® out a gun.
36 READ, READ, READ
Follow-up activities
1. The two articles are from the Daily Mail and The Daily Telegraph.
Compare them carefully.
Points to consider:
• Length of the article
• Details included
• Language style
2. Act out the hearing in the court. Use the information of the articles but you can
also invent details.
Possible roles:
• Mrs Forbes
• Tony Briggs, judge
• Peter Makepeace, counsel for the defence (lawyer acting for the accused person)
• Counsel for the prosecution (lawyer who tries to prove that the accused person is guilty)
• Psychiatrist
• Policeman who received injury in the accident
• Policeman who arrested Mrs Forbes
• Witnesses (guests at the charity night or eyewitnesses at the scene of the accident, etc)
3. Choose from the following:
a) Mrs Forbes has to write a report about how the accident happened and what she did before
and after the accident. Write this report in 180-200 words on her behalf.
b) Mrs Forbes writes a letter to her friend about the accident and what happened after that.
Write this letter on her behalf in 180-200 words.
READ, READ, READ 37
UNIT 5
Butt seriously this is worth £ 1,500
Before you read
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups.
1. Many people like collecting things. Make a list of the things that are often collected.
2. Have you ever collected anything? What?
3. Do you know anyone who collects famous people's photos or autographs? Talk about him/her.
4. How or where can you get, find or buy the things that you collect?
5. What is an auction house?
6. Have you ever been to an auction? If so, what did they sell?
7. Is there anything you would be prepared to pay a fortune for? What's that?
Task Which of the famous people in Column A do you think the items in Column B
belong or belonged to? What do you know about these people?
Column A
1. Elton John
2. John Lennon
3. Madonna
4. Jimi Hendrix
5. Muhammad Ali
6. King Charles I
Read the text
Column B
a) underwear
b) cigarette
c) a pplica tion
form
d) hair locks
h) drugs box
i) hat and sun
glasses
Buff seriously this is worth £1 ,500
A A London auction house wants to sell you
a cigarette butt for £1,500. Any newsagent
will sell you a whole cigarette for 17 pence.
So why the huge mark-up? The butt on
sale was smoked by John Lennon.
38
Next month the cigarette end - attached
to a piece of paper signed by the Beatles
and with a sample of Lennon's hair
attached - will go under the hammer at
Bonhams. The Lennon butt is merely the
READ, READ, READ
latest piece of bizarre ephemera on offer to
eager customers. If someone achieves fame -
or infamy - someone else will want to buy
their old exam papers, cushions, even their
ashtrays. And respected auctioneers - who
once dealt only in masterpieces - are happy to
satisfy the demand.
John Vincent presents some recent auction
items.
o
B Elton John's hat and sun glasses
£ 600, Bonhams
Memorabilia offered for sale by two former
housekeepers was branded "discarded rub-
bish" by the singer. Elton's straw boater and a
pair of Polaroid sun glasses went for £600.
c
o
Madonna's underwear
£ 9,200, Christie's
The black satin bustier worn by the singer on
Etchingham in Brooke Street, Holborn. An
oriental prayer mat from the bottom of the
couple's bed made £3,910, a Bokhara woven
rug went for £2,990 and two psychedelic
printed velvet cushion covers - made by wife
of the Animals' lead singer Eric Burdon -
fetched £1,495.
E
-
"
Muhammad Ali's cigarette
£ ',365, Christie's New York
This gnarled-looking Winston was snatched by
the boxer now known as Muhammad Ali from
the mouth of boxing historian Hank Kaplan in
1961, and then autographed "Cassius Clay". At
the same sale, a pair of the boxer's old training
wraps (used to protect his fists) were snapped
up for £400, one of his mouthguards made
£1,450, and a water bottle £1,580.
her 1987 Who's That Girl tour did well at auc- F
tion, as did much Madonna memorabilia. A
plastic bottle of her Evian water - adorned by
John Lennon's application form
£ 2,500, Christie's South Kensington
a trace of lipstick - went for £ 500.
D
o
Jimi Hendrix's drugs box
£ 5,050, Bonhams
This black lacquered Chinese-style box was
used by Hendrix to stash his drugs at the flat
he shared with long-time girlfriend Kathy
Check your understanding
A teenage John Lennon applied to Liverpool
College of Art. He had to fill in a Ministry of
Education form and sign it. A few decades later,
this humdrum piece of paper sold for more than
the annual value of today's student loan. A more
obvious keepsake - a pair of Lennon's spectacles
- was recently sold by Bonhams for £2,070.
(Evening Stal1dard)
Task Decide whether the following statements are true or false or not stated
according to the text. Write T (true) or F (false) or NS (not stated) in the boxes provided.
1. Auctioneers prefer selling these items instead of old masterpieces.
2. The text suggests that John Vincent is an auctioneer.
3. Elton John thought that his hat was rubbish.
4. Madonna's belongings have been sold at auctions since 1987.
5. Jimi Hendrix and his girlfriend had an oriental prayer mat in front of their bed.
6. Jimi Hendrix probably liked carpets and rugs.
7. John Lennon wanted to be an artist.
8. The writer suggests that these items are not really valuable.
READ, READ, READ 39
Task Answer the following questions in no more than 3 words.
1. What is Bonhams?
2. What did Elton John think of his hat and glasses?
3. What does Madonna like drinking?
4. What did Muhammad Ali write his autograph on?
5. What did Eric Burdon's wife make for Jimi Hendrix?
6. How much is the student loan a year now?
Vocabulary development
Task The expressions in Column A are taken from the text. Match them with
expressions of similar meaning in Column B. Write letters a-I) in the boxes
provided.
Column A
1. mark-up (par A)
D
2. sample (par A)
D
3. ephemera (par A)
D
4. infamy (par A)
D
5. discard (par B)
D
6. stash (par D)
D
7. fetch (IJar D)
D
8. snatch (par E)
D
9. decade (par F)
D
10. humdrum (par F)
D
11. loan (par F)
D
12. keepsake (par F)
D
40
Column B
a) increase in price
b) sum of money that sb borrows from another person or a bank
c) hide/store sth safely and secretly
d) a period of ten years
e) things that are used or enjoyed for only a short time and then
forgotten
f) put out the hand suddenly and take sth
g) ordinary, dull
h) specimen/one of a number or part of a whole that shows what
the rest is like
i) small present which will make you remember the giver
j) infamous behaviour/wickedness
k) throwaway because it is not wanted
1) be sold for a price
READ, READ, READ
Task There are two words in the text which both match the descriptions below.
Which are they?
l.The remaining part of a cigarette after
someone has smoked it. (par A)
3. A device that we use to improve our
sight. (par B, F)
2. Covering for the head. (par B)
4. A small piece of carpet. (par D)
5. To write one's name down. (par E, F) 6. To be sold at a certain price. (There are four
words for this in text!)
Task Fill the gaps in the sentences below with a word from the box.
adorned • cushions • customers • demand • eager • fist • item • mat •
respected • straw boater
1. We ................... the walls with flowers and evergreens.
2. There is such a big .................... for some of the newest models in the car market that .. .
3 ........................... sometimes have to wait a couple of months to get their cars.
4. If you go out, put on your .................... to protect yourself against the sun.
5. Each .................... has a number in the catalogue which you have to refer to if you want to
order an article.
6. My friend struck the thief in the face with his .................... and he fell down.
7. She has no chairs in her living-room. Instead, there are .................... on the floor to sit on.
8. Her father was a highly .................... scholar. He wrote several books on this subject.
9. Many people are .................... to buy famous people's things.
10. The .................... on the bathroom floor looks awful. I think we should buy a new one.
Task 0 Fill in the gaps with a word from the box. You can use the same word more
than once.
for • in • on • to • under • with • up
1. A little slip of paper was attached .................... the notebook with his name and telephone
number on it.
2. The company her husband works for deals .................... spare parts for motor car industry.
READ, READ, READ 41
3. He has offered his sailing boat .................... sale.
4. You have to apply .................... the Ministry of the Interior if you want to get a passport.
5. The things .................... special offer were displayed in the great hall.
6. Would you please fill .................... this registration from, please?
7. What's your best offer .................... old customers?
8. I can't afford to rent a flat on my own. I have to share it .................... another student.
9. She had concerts in fifteen different countries .................... her first tour.
10. By the time we got there, the cheapest articles had been already snapped ..................... .
11. Madonna's bustier went .................... more than 9,000 at the auction.
12. Several drawings by Picasso will go .................... the hammer at Christie's tomorrow.
(? ....~
Grammar reminder - Passive voice
Task Find the passive sentences in the text which express the same ideas as the
following sentences.
1. Elton John branded the hat and the glasses "discarded rubbish".
2. Muhammad Ali snatched the cigarette from the mouth of Hank Kaplan.
3. They snapped up the boxer's old training wraps for $400.
4. Jimi Hendrix used the box to stash his drugs in it.
5. Bonhams sold Lennon's spectacles for £2,070.
Task Use information from the text to complete the following sentences with
a passive verb + an agent.
1. The auction house will sell a cigarette end which ....................................................................... .
2. They attached the butt to a piece of paper which ....................................................................... .
3. Elton said the glasses and the hat which ................................................................ were rubbish.
4. Madonna's plastic bottle, which ......................................................................... , went for £ 500.
5. A satin bustier which ............................................................................. sold for almost £ 10,000.
6. The cushion covers which ..................................................................... were very bright colours.
7. An application form which ................................................................ was also sold at Christie's.
Task Re-write the following sentences using a passive verb structure. Remember
that you can use passive voice in all tenses and with modals, too.
1. When my aunt died we sold all her paintings at an auction.
2. Somebody paid $79 million for a Renoir at Christie's.
3. Nobody has ever recovered the old photos and letters.
42 READ, READ, READ
4. You can still find a lot of nice furniture in English country houses.
5. Auction houses sell very few masterpieces these days.
6. Eric Burdon's wife made two cushion covers for Hendrix.
7. Young children weave most of the carpets and rugs in some countries.
8. They have done a lot of tests to find out if it is really as old as they say.
9. The auctioneer says he is not sure that they will buy all the items.
10. We must offer the house for sale if we want to pay all our debts.
11. You should paint the walls before you move in.
Follow-up activities
1. The following items were sold at auctions in Britain or in the US.
a) Order them according to how much they were sold for. (You can check the correct order in
the key.)
b) Discuss in small grou ps
• what kind of people would probably buy these items.
• which of these items would fetch the highest price at an auction in Hungary. Cive your reasons.
• if you would like to buy any of the items.
The foot baIler Eric
Cantona's strip
A stale slice of the
Duke of Windsor's
wedding cake
A painting by van
Cogh
* Dr Crippen was hanged for poisoning his wife and cutting up her body.
READ, READ, READ
A tin replica of the
1966 World Cup
Dr Crippen's
watch *
43
2. Read the following text.
a) Discuss in small groups what you think about John Reznikoff who spends a fortune on such
things.
b) Write a letter of 150-200 words to Mr Reznikoff and tell him what you think about his col-
lection.
London auction houses sometimes sell very special 'artefacts'. In recent years, for example, they
have sold hair from several famous people such as Charlotte Bronte (£420), Beethoven (£4,140),
Byron (£4,620) or John Lennon (£715). The world's largest hair collection belongs to John
Reznikoff, an American, who owns hair from US presidents George Washington, John Adams
and Abraham Lincoln as well as monarchs like Henry IV or Napoleon Bonaparte. His latest buy
is a lock of Charles I's hair, which fetched £ 3,910 at the auction.
44 READ, READ, READ
UNIT 6
Dentist's painful way to extract payment
Before you read
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups.
1. How often do you go to a dentist?
2. How did you choose the dentist you go to? What do you like about him/her?
3. Why are people afraid of dentists?
4. How could stress be reduced in a dentist's surgery?
5. Have you ever had any bad experience with dentists? What was it?
6. What are the advantages/disadvantages of going to a private dentist?
7. How would you interpret the cartoon below?
·bC»Tisr:
C§J
7£
r
Task Match the following expressions from the text (Column A) with the correct
definitions in Column B. Write letters a-g) in the boxes provided.
ColumnA Column B
1. debt collector
0
a) the only thing that might be able to help you, when every other
possibility has failed
2. watchdog
0
3. breach
0
4. confidentiality
0
5. debtor
0
6. last resort
0
7. balance
0
READ, READ, READ
b) someone who owes money to someone
c) person/organization responsible for making certain that compa-
nies maintain particular standards and do not act illegally
d) person/company whose job is to collect money which should
have been paid back
e) the amount left
f) the fact that someone is trusted with private information or
secrets which s/he keeps
g) an act of breaking a law, promise, agreement or relationship
45
Read the text
Dentist's painful way to extract payment
Brian Lironi
A A Dundee dentist has posted a list of
patients who owe him money in his sur-
gery window in an attempt to shame them
into paying up.
B Dr Ernie McAree publicly named 50 people
with outstanding debts for dental treatment
after warning letters and the threat of debt
collectors failed to get them to pay. Yesterday
he defended the list and claimed that every-
one named had been given ample opportuni-
Tay Bridge if he likes but he is not getting a
penny. He charged me £40 to have a metal
pin put in my tooth and I only had £36 on
me. I intended to go back with the balance
but my tooth fell out before I got the
chance. It cost me more money to visit
another dentist to repair the botched job
that he had made of my tooth. There is no
way he is getting any more money out of
me."
ty to clear their debts. But a health watchdog F
criticised Dr McAree for breaching patient
confidentiality and promised to report the
Mr McDonald added: "His behaviour is
ridiculous. A lot of those people genuinely
won't be able to pay their bill. His list
won't do his reputation any good whatso-
ever."
list to the General Dental Council.
C The Rev Tom Tait, chairman of Tayside
Health Council, said: "I feel that to publish G
a list of so called debtors in a dentist's sur-
Dr McAree is renowned within the dental
profession for using controversial hypnosis
techniques to relax patients who are fright-
ened of injections or dentists' surgeries. He
has addressed seminars across the UK. and
in America on hypnosis techniques.
gery is a shocking breach of patient confi-
dentiality. "
Since the list of debtors was posted in
the surgery window in Beauly Avenue, and
in the waiting room at his Finlarig Terrace
surgery, five patients have agreed to clear
their debts.
D Dr McAree said: "Everyone on that list has
been given two letters asking them to pay
up. And they were all told I would refer
their debt to a collection agency. The list is
my last resort. If people don't want to pay
for their dental treatment, I don't want
them coming to my surgery. Five people
from the list have paid up so far."
E But a former patient who is named on the
list hit out at Dr McAree. Douglas
McDonald, 65, of Ann Street, Dundee,
refused to pay the £4 balance for treatment
when his tooth fell out days after receiving
treatment. He thought the debt had been
written-off until he was told about the list.
"He can put my name on his list. In fact, he
can put my name along the length of the
46
H He has also defended charging patients £5
for unkept appointments. "Unkept appoint-
ments cost every dental practice in the
country thousands of pounds every year.
The £5 charge makes very little difference
financially but it provides an incentive for
people to keep appointments."
I Yesterday, a spokesman for the General
Dental Council declined to comment as a
complaint had not been received. He said:
"There is nothing in our guidelines that
refers to a dentist displaying a list of his
debtors to the public. It is unorthodox but
it is not illegal. If any patients have an
objection they can write to us and we will
put it through our complaints procedure.
There are 30,000 dentists practising in
Britain and we have never come across
anything like this."
(Scotsman)
READ, READ, READ
Check your understanding
Task Choose the best answers according to the text. Circle a), b) or c).
1. McAree's list contains the names of those
who haven't paid him
b) will post McAree's name on the Tay Bridge
to damage his reputation.
a) any money.
b) a larger sum.
c) got angry when he saw his name posted on
the Tay Bridge.
c) a larger sum after warning.
6. Hypnosis techniques
2 .................. was/were against posting the list. a) made McAree's treatments very expensive.
a) The health watchdog
b) The chairman of the Health Council
c) Both the watchdog and the chairman
3. Five patients from the list have
a) already been warned twice to pay.
b) promised to collect the money and pay.
c) paid their debts.
4. McDonald says he won't pay because McAree
a) charged too much.
b) did a bad job.
b) were criticized at seminars by McAree.
c) were applied by McAree.
7. McAree charged the patients £5
a) for the application of hypnosis tech-
mques.
b) if they didn't come to the appointment.
c) if they didn't come or cancelled appoint-
ments.
8. According to the spokesman, the General
Dental Council
c) has forgotten to write off the paid debt. a) guideline says: doctors should never display
their patients' names.
5. McDonald
a) wouldn't care if he saw his name on the
Tay Bridge.
Vocabulary development
b) will investigate the issue immediately.
c) have not received any complaint in this
issue yet.
Task Use verbs from Box A and nouns from Box B to make verb+noun partnerships
that fit into the gaps in the sentences below. Use the appropriate form of the words.
A
to clear • to breach •
to receive • to keep •
to provide • to charge
B
patients • confidentiality •
incentive • treatment •
appointment • debts
1. I think doctors should never ever ....................... their patients' ....................... .
2. Private clinics ....................... . ...................... according to a fixed price list.
3. He was taken to hospital and.. ..................... .. ..................... for the shock he had suffered.
4. You are late again! Can't you ever ....................... any ....................... ?
5. She will only be able to ....................... her ....................... when she wins on the lottery.
6. The year-end bonus would ....................... a good ....................... for people to work harder.
READ, READ, READ 47
Task For each of the underlined expressions in Column A find one expression in
the text which has a similar meaning. Write them in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. .. ..................................................................... (par C)
} ... a dentist has posted a list (par A)
2. .. ...................................................................... (par J)
3 .... the threat of debt collectors (par B) ....................................................................... (par D)
4 .... to clear their debts (par B) .................................................. " ................... (par D)
5 .... ample opportunity (par B) ........................................................................ (par E)
6 .... a former patient refused to pay (par E) .............................................................. " ........ (par J)
7 .... complaint had not been received (par J) ........................................................................ (par J)
Task Complete the lists of nouns from the text by forming noun forms of the words
in the box below. You can form more than one noun from some words.
to act • royal • novel • to move • to create • bankrupt • certain • patient •
to imprison • biology • infant • to exhibit • to sail • tolerant
1. treatment, appointment, ...................................... , .................................... ..
2. collector, debtor, ...................................... , .................................... ..
3. collection, reputation, objection, ...................................... , .................................... ..
4. dentist, ...................................... , ..................................... .
5. confidentiality, ...................................... , ..................................... .
6. agency, ...................................... , ..................................... .
7. difference, ...................................... , ..................................... .
Task 0 Complete the phrasal verbs with appropriate prepositions from the box.
out (2x) • up (2x) • off (2x) • over • back
1. to give sb the money that you owe them
PAY
2. to bring good results; to be successful
3. to accept that a debt will not be paid
WRITE
4. to write sth in a final form using notes that you have made
5. to criticise sth or sb strongly
HIT
6 to attack or criticize sb who has attacked or criticized you
7. to become loose and drop
FALL
8. to hit one's foot against sth when walking and fall
48 READ, READ, READ
Task Use the verbs pay, write, hit or fall in the following sentences. Change the
form of the verbs if necessary.
1. Her baby teeth are starting to .............................................. out.
2. The World Bank is being urged to ............................. off debts from developing countries.
3. In tonight's speech, the minister is expected to ........................................... back at critics who
have attacked her handling of the crisis.
4. Eventually they .......................................... up, but only after receiving several reminders.
5. The Medical Association yesterday .................................................... out at government cuts in
healthcare services.
6. Have you ................................... up that report yet?
7. All her hard work ....................................... off in the end, and she finally passed the exam.
8. I rushed for the door and ......................................... over in the hallway.
Task Fill in the gaps in the following summary. Use one word for each gap from
the box below. You can use one preposition more than once.
across • after • at • back • for • in • of • off • on • out • through • to • with
Mr McAree, a dentist has displayed a list
of patients .................... CD the window
who haven't paid .................... 0 the
treatment. Mr McDonald, his former
patient, who is .................... ® the list,
hit ..................... @) ..................... ® the
dentist. He says he wanted to go
...................... ® .......................... 0 the
money ......................... ® the treatment
but as his treated tooth fell ................... .
® he thought his debt had been written
.................... @.
Dr McAree is renowned .................... @
using hypnosis to relax patients who are
frightened ........................... © surgeries
and also .................... ~ ~ charging
patients .................... @ unkept appoint-
ments.
The spokesman .................... @ the General Dental Council said he had never come ................... .
@ anything like that and the guidelines don't refer .................... © such cases either. He added if
any objection arrived they would put it .................... @ their complaint procedure.
READ, READ, READ 49
Task Match the words in Column A with the appropriate group of words of similar
meaning in Column 8. Write letters a-h) in the boxes provided.
Column A Column B
1. attempt
D
a) protect, guard, preserve, safeguard
2. shame
D
b) notice, remark, point out
3. defend
D
c) motivator, bonus, inducement
4. ample
D
d) furnish, supply, allow for
5. provide
D
e) rehearse, exercise, do
6. incentive
D
f) effort, try, endeavour
7. comment
D
g) disgrace, dishonour, pity
8. practise
D
h) plentiful, abundant, copious, plenteous
Task The words in the box are taken from the text. Group them according to their
meaning.
painful • to extract • dentist • patient • surgery • pay up • debt • dental
treatment • warning letter • debt collector • to clear debts • health watchdog •
debtor • patient confidentiality • waiting room • collection agency • balance •
tooth • to receive treatment • to write off • to charge • to cost • dental profession •
bill • hypnosis technique • to relax • injection • appointment • dental practice •
financially • to practise
Health Payment
50 READ, READ, READ
Grammar reminder - Causative
Task Study how get is used in the following extract from the text. Arrange the words
below into sentences.
Debt collectors (ailed to get them to pay.
1. don't Nicole get the why come to to party you?
2. this couldn't I the car get start to morning.
3. got he his his him help with to homework sister.
4. understand never will get him to you.
5. get you you your a could Christmas parents buy horse to for?
6. away some get after friends look dog to while we we our are will.
Task Study the following simplified extract from the text. Rewrite the sentences
using the Causative construction and omitting the words underlined.
I had a metal eill pllt il1 my tooth.
1. I pay a firm of window cleaners to wash my windows every month.
2. They arranged for the police to arrest the man.
3. That tooth is giving you a lot of trouble; you should ask the dentist to extract it.
4. They couldn't find a house to suit them so they will employ builders to build a new one.
5. The shoemaker is repairing my shoes for me.
6. If you hate cleaning fish why don't you pay the fishmonger to clean them in the shop?
Follow-up activities
1. a) Discuss in pairs or small
groups whether you refuse or
accept Dr McAree's idea to
put his debtors' names in the
surgery.
b) Act out a dialogue between
Dr McAree and Mr McDonald
in which you discuss the con-
flict over non-payment.
READ, READ, READ 51
2. Choose from the following:
a) Write a letter of complaint of approximately 80-100 words to the General Dental Council
because Dr McAree put your name on the list. Give reasons why you didn't pay and what
you think about displaying the list of non-paying patients.
b) Write a letter of approximately 80-100 words to Dr McAree on behalf of one of his debtors,
who had been his patient for a long time and had been on very good terms with him until
his/her name was put on the list.
52 READ, READ, READ
UNIT 7
Quick gun check system crawls to a start
Before you read
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups.
1. Who can own a gun in your country?
2. Why do you think authorities check the background of people who would like to buy a gun?
3. Do you know anyone who owns a gun? Who is it? Why does he/she need the gun?
4. Do you think people have the right to own a gun? Why? Why not?
5. How can people defend themselves against a mugger?
6. What do you think of hunting?
Read the text
Quick gun check system crawls to a start
By Gary Fields
A A new national system that was sup- 1
posed to reduce criminal background
checks on gun buyers from five days to
five minutes has gotten off to a slow
start this week, causing lost sales and 5
frayed nerves.
B Licensed gun dealers around the country
complained they had trouble getting
through to the FBI phone bank that was
supposed to begin the checks. And when 10
some dealers did manage to get through,
the computer system had stopped work-
mg.
C "We're the largest wholesaler and dealer
in the state of Indiana, and today we 15
have not been able to sell one shotgun
because the lines are all busy," said Doug
Kiesler, owner of Kiesler Police Supply
Inc. in Jeffersonville, Ind. Kiesler said he
usually sells about 25 shotguns a day 20
this time of the year.
D The system was designed to quickly
check buyers at the USA's 105,000 fed-
erally licensed dealers against computer
lists of people disqualified from owning 25
READ, READ, READ
firearms. Reasons for disqualification
range from felony convictions to domes-
tic abuse.
E The system, which will run 17 hours a
day seven days a week, replaces the 1994 30
Brady Law's five-day waiting period and
background check for handgun purchases.
That law stopped about 250,000 hand-
gun sales.
F About 5,000 phone calls actually came 35
through the system by late afternoon.
FBI spokesman Paul Bresson said 3,300
sales were approved, 12 were denied and
the rest needed more research. Bresson
said the holiday shopping and hunting 40
seasons made it a tough first day.
"Hopefully we'll be able to move for-
ward without the problems we encoun-
tered today," he said.
G The National Rifle Association said it 45
would file a lawsuit to stop the FBI from
keeping the background records for six
months.
(USA TODAY)
53
Check your understanding
Task Decide in each case which of the two statements is true according to the
text. Circle a) or b).
1. a) A new national system was introduced to stop criminals from buying guns.
b) A new national system was introduced to shorten the checking period.
2. a) Many gun dealers said they could not use the FBI phone bank because the lines were busy.
b) The computer system stopped working because some dealers got through.
3. a) The USA's 105,000 federally licensed dealers are against the computer lists.
b) Cun buyers are checked if they are on the computer list of disqualified people.
4. a) 250,000 sales were denied from 1994 until now.
b) There were altogether 250,000 handgun sales from 1994 until now.
5. a) At this time of the year gun dealers usually sell more guns than usual.
b) Bresson said that they could do 5000 background checks on the first day.
6. a) The National Rifle Association think that it is illegal to keep the records for six months.
b) The National Rifle Association think that a new law is needed to stop the FBI from keep-
ing the records for six months.
Task What do the following numbers refer to in the text?
Match the numbers in Column A with the items in Column B. Write letters a-I) in the
boxes provided.
Column A
1. 5
2. 5
3. 25
4. 105,000
5. 17
54
D
D
D
D
D
Column B
a) the new checking system will work so many days per week
b) the approximate number of guns sold per day by Kiesler
c) the number of gun sales that were not permitted under the old
checking system
d) the new checking system will work so many hours per day
e) the new checking procedure is supposed to take not more than so
many minutes
READ, READ, READ
6. 7
D
f) the number of phone calls on the first day that reached the FBI
phone bank
7. 1994
D
g) the number of gun sales that were not permitted on the first day
of the new system
8. 250,000
D
h) checking the background of gun buyers took so many days in the
old system
9. 5,000
D
i) the number of gun sales that were permitted on the first day of the
new system
10. 3,300
D
j) number of gun dealers with a federal licence
11. 12
D
k) the FBI is planning to keep the records for so many months
12. 6
D
1) the year when the Brady Law came into force
Vocabulary development
Task Find the words or expressions in the text which have a similar meaning to the
expressions in Column B. Write the expressions in Column A.
Column A
1 ...................................................... (title)
2 ...................................................... ~ a r ~
3 ...................................................... ~ a r ~
4 ...................................................... (par B)
5 ...................................................... (par D)
6 ...................................................... (par D)
7 ...................................................... ~ a r ~
8 ...................................................... (par D)
9 ...................................................... (par D)
10 ...................................................... (par E)
11. ..................................................... (par F)
12 ...................................................... (par G)
Column B
a) move slowly (with the body on or close to
the ground or on hands and knees)
b) expected to
c) examination or investigation
d) trader who has permission to sell firearms
e) preventing sb from doing sth because he has
broken a rule or is not able enough
f) serious crime
g) declaring that a person is guilty of a crime
h) of the home, household or family
i) bad use or treatment of sb or sth
j) buying sth
k) chasing and killing of wild animals as a sport
1) type of gun
Task Some words have more than one meaning. Choose the expression from
Column B which most closely agrees with the meaning of the word in italics from the
extract in Column A. Circle the appropriate letter.
Column A
1. CAUSE (par A)
The introduction of the new system caused
many lost sales.
2. FRAYED (par A)
The slow start caused lost sales and frayed
nerves.
READ, READ, READ
Column B
a) make sth happen
b) aim or principle that is supported
a) strained and irritated
b) worn
55
.. ~
3. LINE (par C)
We couldn't sell anything because the lilles
were busy.
4. REST (par F)
The rest of the calls needed more research.
5. TOUCH (par F)
The holiday shopping made it a tough first day.
6. ENCOUNTER (par F)
Mr Bresson said they encoul1tered many
problems on the first day.
7. KEEP (par G)
They will file a lawsuit to stop FBI from
keeping the information for 6 months.
a) long, narrow mark
b) telephone connection
a) the remaining part of sth
b) period of sleep or inactivity
a) severe
b) difficul t
a) meet sb unexpectedly
b) meet or face sth unpleasant or difficult
a) continue to have
b) manage (eg. a shop)
Task The words in the table are taken from the text. Fill in the table with the
correct forms of each word given.
56
Verb
reduce
manage
complain
design
replace
approve
deny
Noun Adjective
national
criminal
lost
nerve
dealer
owner
supply
reason
record
READ, READ, READ
Task You can find words from the text in Column A. Fill in the gaps in Column B
with the correct form of each word.
Column A
1. NATIONAL
2. REDUCE
3. CRIMINAL
4. LOST
5. NERVE
6. COMPLAIN
7. OWNER
8. SUPPLY
9. REPLACE
10. APPROVE
11. DENY
12. RECORD
Column B
The Bank of England was ............................... in 1946.
Newspapers are talking about tax .............................. , but I don't really
expect anything like that .
.............................. is a far greater problem in the USA than in Britain.
You'll ............................ your chance for promotion if you refuse to wear a tie.
It's natural that actors are ............................. before the first night of the play.
If you don't want to exchange the faulty goods, I'll make a
................................... against you with the manager.
The factory became under new .............................. last year.
We are one of the biggest .............................. in the plastics industry.
There is a shortage of language teachers at schools so it's rather difficult
to get a .............................. while she is away.
She married John without her parents' .......................... when she was 18.
There was an official .............................. that there would be any change
in income taxes from next year.
Our cassette .............................. has gone wrong three times in the last six
months.
Task Decide if the following words are used as verbs or nouns in the text by writing
verb or noun in the spaces provided.
1. check (!i11C 3) 7. abuse (line 28)
2. line (linct7) .......................................... . 8. purchase (line 32) ......................................... .
3. supply (linet8) .......................................... . 9. research (linc 39)
4. design (linc 22) 10. move (line 42)
5. reason (Iinc 26) 11. file (linc 46)
6. range (Iinc 27) 12. record (line 47)
Task Use the words in the box either as nouns or verbs to fill in the gaps in the
following sentences. Change the form of the words if necessary.
abuse • check • design • file • line • move • purchase • range • reason • supply
1. We have been ........................................ them with raw materials for more than 15 years.
2. When we married we ........................................ a big house and we've been paying the mort-
gage ever smce.
3. She is very good at .......................................... She can convince you of anything she wants to.
4. I'll be very busy at the weekend. I have a lot of homework from my students to
READ, READ, READ 57
5. A ......................................... from the town into the country is always a big decision.
6. Sandra works for a cosmetics company. She says packaging and .................................. are as
important as the product irself.
7. Drug ......................................... often results in young people dying of overdosing.
8. The streets were ......................................... with cars and it was impossible to find any park-
ing space.
9. We decided to open an account with this bank because they offer a wide .............................. ..
of services to their corporate clients.
10. Could you get me the personal ......................................... on our new employee, please?
Grammar reminder - Present and past participles
Task Study the following expressions taken from the text. The participles function
as adjectives in these examples.
Present participle: waiting period (par E)
shoFFing and hunting seasons (Far F)
Past FarticiFle: lost sales (Far A)
frayed nerves (Far A)
licensed dealers ( Far B)
Task G) Match the participles in Column A with the words in Column B to form ex-
pressions.
Column A Column B
1. feeding
0
a) place
2. lost
0
b) water
3. hiding
0
c) society
4. split
0
d) list
5. running
0
e) marriage
6. ageing/aging
0
f) bottle
7. waiting
0
g) property
8. well-paid
0
h) personality
9. broken
0
i) job
10. written
0
j) people
11. unemployed
0
k) examination
Task Complete each of the following sentences with an expression from Task 11.
1. The number of ................................................ has been slowly decreasing for the last two
years.
2. At the college the students are expected to take an oral and a(n) .............................................. .
in English if they want to get their degrees.
3. In London hundreds of umbrellas are taken to the ................................................ office every
day.
58 READ, READ, READ
4. We live in a(n) ...................................................... , which will cause a lot of problems for the
following generations.
5. The reason why young people are not very eager to get married these days might be that they
can see too many ................................................ around them.
6. There is a long ................................................ for heart transplantation. Many people are wait-
ing for donor organs.
7. Even with good qualifications it is difficult to find a(n) ................................................ in
Eastern Europe unless you speak one or two foreign languages.
8. It was not difficult to find a ................................................ in the mountains in those days.
9. I suggest you should buy a plastic ................................................. It won't break even if the
baby throws it down a hundred times.
10. On the farm where I lived we didn't have electricity or gas, we didn't even have
................................................. It was a hard life indeed.
11. You can never rely on someone with a(n) ................................................. At one moment he
might behave in one way and at the next moment in a totally different way.
Follow-up activities
1. Discuss in pairs what the picture below suggests.
2. Write a letter of approximately 120-150 words to an advice column in which you
explain why you think the police should (or should not) be allowed to use a gun
more freely.
3. Discuss the following questions in
small groups.
a) Police officers are quite stupid if they refuse
to have guns with them.
b) Everybody should have the right to own a
gun to defend his life and property.
c) People who refuse army service for reasons
of conscience are hypocrites.
d) Hunting is a noble sport.
READ, READ, READ 59
UNIT 8
Thefts are a bad sign for tourists
Before you read
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups.
1. Have you ever been abroad? If so, where?
2. Which countries would you like to visit? Why?
3. Is Ireland a popular tourist destination in your country? Why?/Why not?
4. What do you know about Ireland? (Think of language, culture, arts, history, climate, pubs, etc.)
Task Fill the gaps in the extracts from a travel brochure with the words below.
Decide which attraction is the most appealing to you.
literature • pubs • walking • shopping • music • food • cycling
A) ........................... : Take to the open road and enjoy the magnificent Irish countryside from the
saddle .. .
B) There are several ........................... festivals throughout the summer and you will always be in
store for a treat with an Irish fiddle when visiting the pubs in several rural towns ...
C) With traditional crafts and award winning designers, ........................... in Ireland offers unpar-
alleled choice .. .
D) .......................... : Escape on foot; enjoy endless walking options either alone or as part of a group .. .
E) Ireland has recently slipped quietly into a new role as a must-visit destination for
........................... lovers. The basic building blocks are the excellent ingredients .. .
F) Irish ........................... are a part of life in Ireland. It's where the Irish socialize .. .
G) With four Nobel ........................... prizewinners in the last century, Ireland's literary pedigree
is world renowned .. ,
60 READ, READ, READ
Read the text
Thefts are a bad sign for tourists
Alan Murdoch
A An outbreak of roadside kleptomania has
left unknown numbers of tourists wander-
ing the Irish countryside with nowhere
to go.
B The current vogue for Irish pubs across
Europe, the United States and now even as
far away as Peking, has seen attractive old
iron road signs - pointing towards quaint
and obscure destinations - become prized
decorative artefacts in Irish bars from
California to Northern Italy.
C But the disappearing placenames have cre-
ated major headaches for local authorities.
Some officials suspect that the growth of
hundreds of new Irish pubs is the prime
cause of the disappearance of singlename
"finger signs" at a cost of £60 each. A
spokesman for the Department of the
Environment in Dublin confirmed they
Check your understanding
had been receiving complaints from fraught
overseas visitors baffled by the country's
lack of a sense of direction, so to speak.
D Prime targets for the light-fingered dealers
providing signs for pub interiors are coun-
ties such as Cork, Galway, Kerry and
Donegal, where endless quiet cross-roads
mean no shortage of unusual names from
Ballydehob to Ballinferriter and Glen-
columbkille/Gleann Cholm Cille.
E Kerry is perhaps the most targeted area.
According to road supervisor Gearoid
MacGearailt the problem has been appar-
ent for the past five or six years.
F "They're looking especially for the old-
fashioned cast-iron ones. If they're up
you're in trouble," he said.
(The Independent)
Task Decide if the following statements are true or false or not stated in the text.
Write T (true) or F (false) or NS (not stated) in the boxes provided.
i
1. Irish road signs are popular decorations of overseas Irish pubs. - I
2. Mostly the old wooden road signs are stolen.
. I
3. Most of the stolen road signs are in Irish pubs in California and northern Italy.
4. The cost of setting up a new road sign is £60.
5. It is mainly the local people who complain about the thefts.
READ, READ, READ 61
6. The road signs are used as decorations both inside and outside the pubs.
7. Some shops will soon sell old-fashioned road signs to meet the need.
8. The authorities have set up a special team to check crossroads.
9. Kerry may have the most crossroads and funny placenames in Ireland.
10. Most of the road signs have been stolen in the last five or six years.
Vocabulary development
Task Choose 2 words from the box to make compound words taken from the text.
Fill the appropriate compound words in the gaps below.
head • roads • country • seas • end • name • over • break • cross • side (2x) •
place • out • ache • less • road
1. The English ...................................... looks at its best in spring.
2. He has lived ...................................... for many years.
3. I sat down by the ...................................... and cried.
4. When was the ...................................... of the second world war?
5. At the first ....................................... a policeman stepped into the road and stopped us.
6. What is the origin of this ...................................... ?
7. She took an aspirin to relieve her ...................................... .
8. The hours of waiting seemed ...................................... .
Task The words in the box are nouns from the text. Decide which 4 words CANNOT
be used as verbs and write these 4 words in the spaces provided.
sign • pub • cause • cost • lack • sense • target • county • name • area •
problem • trouble
The 4 words that cannot be used as verbs:
1 ................................... 2 ................................... 3 ................................... 4 .................................. .
Task Choose words from the box of Task 5 and use them as verbs to fill in the
gaps in the following sentences. Change the form of the word if necessary.
1. They ...................................... their child John.
2. Please, ...................................... your name here.
3. Money for the project is still ....................................... .
4. Although she didn't say anything, I ...................................... that she didn't like the idea.
5. It ...................................... more to live in the city.
62 READ, READ, READ
6. I'm sorry to ...................................... you, but could you tell me the time?
7. Smoking can ...................................... lung cancer.
8. The paper is ...................................... specifically at young people.
Task The words in the box can be used both as nouns and adjectives. Use the
same word twice in a matching sentence. Change the form of the word if necessary.
official • quiet • iron • local • interior
1. Nowadays ................................... are made of plastic and high-tech metal, there aren't any
................................... parts in it.
2. I have got a lot of ideas of what a domestic ................................... should look like, but it is very
difficult to furnish a(n) ................................... room without windows.
3. A(n) .................... ............... of high rank set forth the ................................... statement of the
government.
4. It might be dangerous to go to a(n) ........................................................... pub because the
................................... tend to be suspicious of strangers.
5. He tried to keep ................................... but his steps sounded like small pistol shots in the
.............................. ..... of the forest.
Task Q Find the words in the text which match with the definitions below. Write them
in the spaces provided.
1. ............................ (par A):
2 .............................. (par B):
3 .............................. (par B):
4 .............................. (par B):
5 .............................. (par B):
6 .............................. (par C):
7 .............................. (par C):
8 .............................. (par C):
9 .............................. (par C):
10 .............................. (par C):
11. ............................. (par D):
12 .............................. (par D):
13 .............................. (par E):
14 .............................. (par F):
READ, READ, READ
go from place to place without any special purpose
fashion
attractively odd and old-fashioned
not well-known, not easily seen or understood
place to which sb/sth is going or being sent
(more) important, great(er)
official organization or government that has the power to
make decisions
person who speaks on behalf of a group
conditions, circumstances, etc. affecting people's lives
worried or anxious
most important, fundamental
be in the habit of stealing (esp. small) things
region of the earth's surface; district of a city, etc
(situation causing) worry, pain, difficulty, danger, etc
63
Task Complete the chart with the correct forms of each word given and use the
appropriate form in the sentences given below.
Verb Noun Noun (person) Adjective
theft
attractive
decorative
create
growth
confirm
complaint
visitor
suspect
shortage
1. He took two links out of the chain to .................................... it.
2. 'What was the weather like on your holiday?' 'Oh, I can't ..................................... '
3. I'm sure he will never get married, he is a .................................... bachelor.
4. She is very .................................... ; she writes and paints.
5. The saying 'Set a .................................... to catch a .................................... ' means that a crimi-
nal is the best person to catch another criminal.
6. Our rooms need painting and wall-papering. Do you know a good .................................... ?
7. Babies who are small at birth .................................... faster.
8. He is a prime .................................... in the murder case.
Task The words in the box are taken from the text. Fill the gaps in the story
with the expressions from the box.
baffled • headache • suspect • pub • road sign (2x) • destination • trouble •
local • obscure • sense of direction • shortages • fraught • unusual • endless •
countryside • roadside • overseas • quaint • placenames
................................... CD always make ................................... ® whenever I am on a(n)
................................... @ tour, especially in Hungary where there are a lot of .............................. @
names. Once I was driving through the ................................... ® Hungarian Great Plain. The
................................... ® was wonderful but I had lost my way and did not
even ..................................................... (}) where I was. I was tired and had a rather bad
................................... ® so I really wanted to get to my .................................... ® Then I saw a
64 READ, READ, READ
................................... ® saying "Pihenohely" IS 5 km
away, which looked ................................... G"D and
................................... @ enough to be a Hungarian vil-
lage. But it was neither on my map nor five kilometres
away from the sign. I quite forgot about it so I felt really
................................... G " ~ to come across the same
., ................................. GJ again much later because I usual-
ly have got a good .................................... @ The third
IiPihenohely" sign many kilometres farther on
.......... ............ ............... ............ G " ~ me so much that I
stopped at a ................................. @ ..................................... @ to ask where on earth the village
called Pihenohely was. It was not easy either for the ................................... ® Hungarians or for
me to overcome the vocabulary ................................... ® but I could learn at last that the exotic-
looking name Pihenohely simply means rest area in Hungarian.
Grammar reminder - Simple past • Present perfect
Task Read the following simplified sentences from the article and answer
the questions.
1. An outbreak of kleptomania has left unknown numbers of tourists wandering the Irish coun-
tryside. (par A)
2. The vogue for Irish pubs has seen old road signs become prized decorative artefacts. (par B)
3. The disappearing placenames have created major headaches for local authorities. (par C)
4. The problem has been apparent for the past five or six years. (par E)
5. A spokesman for the Department of the Environment confirmed ... (par C)
• Why is Present perfect used in sentences 1-4?
• Why is Simple past used in sentence 5?
• Why is Present perfect used in the most sentences in the article Thefts are a bad sign for tourists?
Task Read the two readers' letters from a newspaper. Put the verbs in brackets
either in Simple past or Present perfect.
Letter 1
I have three friends who never seem to be able to manage their money. Always broke, always on
the borrow. I .......................................... (NOT GO) (1) out much since my boyfriend
............................................ (DIE) (2) so I have quite a bit saved and they know it. So far they
................................................... (BORROW) (3) close on £3,000 from me. I ..................................... .
(BE) (4) hurt to hear that they are going on holiday to Spain when they still owe money. I
.............................................. (NOT HAVE) (5) a holiday for years and it would have been nice to
have been invited. Especially as it is on my money that they are going. What should I do?
READ, READ, READ 65
Letter 2
I .......................................... (JUST COME) (6)
back from a fantastic three-week holiday and
today ............................................ (BE) (7) my
first day back at work. I .................................. .
(FEEL) (8) virtually suicidal at the thought of
having to come back in tomorrow and the
next day and the next day. Basically I want to
spend the rest of my life on holiday. How can
I get over this feeling?
Follow-up activities
~ 1. Read the two readers' letters in Task 12. Discuss in pairs or small groups what
advice you would give to those who wrote the letters. Report your suggestions
to the class.
2. a) Write a composition of 100-120 words about your favourite theme
pub or the most interesting/strangest theme pub you have ever seen.
66
b) You spent a week in Galway county in Ireland and you often got baffled
because of the lack of proper road signs. Write a letter of complaint (80-100
words) to the local authorities.
READ, READ, READ
UNIT 9
Tales of the unexpected
Before you read
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups.
1. What do people think of teenage pregnancies? What do you personally think of it?
2. Make a list of suggestions about how to reduce the number of teenage pregnancies.
3. What problems will a teenage mother have to face?
4. What do you think about the drawing below?
Task The following words are taken from the text. Check if you understand them
before you read the text.
state
PREGNANCY or period of having a baby
PERSUADE
NAUSEA
THROW UP
READ, READ, READ
developing in the womb
make
sb do sth; convince sb
feeling of sickness or
disgust
eject
food from the stomach
through the mouth
ANAEMIC
unit
of weight (approx. 7 kilos)
having too few
red cells in the blood
HANGOVER feeling of
sickness after drinking
too much alcohol
BE ON THE PIll
take
pills to prevent pregnancy
67
.
..~ ..•.....
.. ~ ~
Read the text
Tales of the unexpected
Emma Cook
A When Helen Essex tells her story, she's 1
aware that her experience may be met
with a degree of scepticism, especially
from female quarters. But like 12-year-old
Jenny Teage, "Britain's youngest mother", 5
she says she was quite unaware of her
pregnancy. "It's the women who've been
pregnant that don't believe me," says
Helen, 22, rather resignedly. Like them, I
always used to think that a woman must 10
instinctively know if she's pregnant, but
now I think, until it happens to you, you
just don't know how you'll feeL"
B Ten months ago Helen graduated from
York university and started a new job 15
with a media company. One evening she
came home complaining of stomach
cramps and tried to sleep them off. The
pain increased and her father suspected
appendicitis. He persuaded her to go to 20
casualty and five hours later she gave
birth to Holly. "I just hadn't noticed. I
was anaemic anyway and never had reg-
ular periods. I was stuffing my face dur-
Check your understanding
ing finals and put the weight gain down 25
to that - though I only put on about
half a stone anyway. At about six
months, I went swimming with my
mum and she didn't notice."
C There was some nausea, but that was 30
not unusual. "I've always felt queasy
in the morning. I threw up about five
times, but I put it down to bad hang-
overs. I did get the odd stomach flut-
ter, but if you don't think you're preg- 35
nant, it does not feel like a baby. And
I'd just been on the Pill, so I didn't
notice much difference in the size of
my breasts."
D When Helen was in hospital, the nurses 40
told her that around one in ten mothers
experience "concealed pregnancy", at least
for several months. Most experts would
say such cases are rarer - even though it
seems that everyone has a friend of a 45
friend who knows of one.
(The Independent on Sunday)
Task Decide whether the following statements are true or false or not
stated according to the text. Write T (true) or F (false) or NS (not stated)
in the boxes provided.
1. The article is about Britain's youngest mother. ]
2. Helen thinks that some people will not believe her story. I
3. Her father suspected that she was pregnant. ]
4. She ate a lot during the final period of her pregnancy.-]
5. She didn't put on too much weight.]
6. She threw up five times because she had drunk too much alcohol. ' _=]
7. Nurses say ten percent of the women do not notice pregnancy for some months. __ J
8. Nurses know about more unnoticed pregnancies than doctors.
68 READ, READ, READ
Task Find the possible symptoms of pregnancy that the text mentions.
Write them in the spaces provided.
1 ....................................................................... . 5 ....................................................................... .
2 ....................................................................... . 6 ....................................................................... .
3 ....................................................................... . 7 ....................................................................... .
4 ....................................................................... . 8 ....................................................................... .
Task Find the expressions in the text which the following words refer to.
Write them in the spaces provided.
1. she (Iinc 1) 5. them (linc 18)
2. that (linc 8) 6. that (Iinc 26)
3. them (lillc 9) 7. it (linc 36)
4. it (linc 12) 8. one (linc46)
Vocabulary development
Task Find a word or expression in the text which could replace the
underlined words or expressions in the following sentences. Write the words
in the spaces provided.
1. I didn't realise that I had hurt her. (par A)
2. To what extent were you involved in smuggling illegal
goods? (par A)
3. The suggestion was not favoured in the highest political
circles. (par A)
4. Both his sons took their academic degrees in law. (pm B)
5. He went to see the doctor complaining of a strong twisting
pain in his stomach. (par B)
6. Food prices have been continuously rising for the last ten
years. (par B)
7. He had to postpone his last exams at the university because
of his illness. (par B)
8. Everybody who had eaten from the fruit soup felt sick
a couple of hours later. (par C)
9. She has hidden all his love letters under the chest of
drawers. (par D)
10. It's very unusual for him to arrive late. It hardly ever
happens to him. (par D)
READ, READ, READ 69
'f\ ...
Task In Column A you can find simplified sentences from the text. Circle the
appropriate letter in Column B to indicate the meaning of the underlined word.
Column A
1. "Women don't believe me," says Helen rather
resignedly. (par A)
2. I have always thought women instinctively
know if they are pregnant. (par A)
3. Since the pain didn't cease, her father told
her to go to casualty. (par B)
4. Helen got an odd stomach flutter, but she
didn't think she was pregnant. (par C)
5. A lot of mothers experience concealed preg-
nancy, at least in the first months. (par D)
Column B
a) sarcastically
b) patiently
c) stoically
a) intuitively
b) immediately
c) emotionally
a) a doctor
b) emergency ward
c) relaxation
a) pressure in the stomach
b) feeling of fullness
c) quick irregular movement
a) hidden
b) secret
c) smallish
Task The expressions in Column A are taken from the text. Fill in the gaps
in the sentences in Column B with the correct form of the words in Column A.
You may not have to change the given form.
Column A Column B
1. UNEXPECTED The average life ............................................. in Hungary is much less than in
Japan.
2. UNAWARE He said the words without being ............................................. of what they
really meant.
3. SCEPTICISM People in the Middle Ages were not ............................................. about the
truths of religions.
4. RESIGNEDLY She accepted the bad news with ............................................. as if she had
expected it.
5. GRADUATE He invited his father, who he hadn't met for ages, to the ................................... .
ceremony.
6. COMPLAIN People working at the customer services have to be very good at dealing
with ............................................. .
7. SUSPECT The paper says the police have arrested the ............................................. in
the murder case.
8. EXPERT Our department has accumulated a lot of ............................................. over
the last few years.
70 READ, READ, READ
Task Fill in the gaps with the words in the box below. You may have to use the
same word more than once.
from • of • off • on • to
1. Helen says she was not aware ................. her pregnancy.
2. If it hadn't happened ................. me, I wouldn't believe it.
3. She graduated ....................... university a year ago.
4. When she was not well, she tried to sleep it ................. .
5. She had been complaining ................. stomach problems for a few months before she went to
see the doctor.
6. She was not married when she gave birth ................. her first baby.
7. Be careful not to put ................. too much weight during your pregnancy.
Task You can find extracts from the dictionary in the boxes. Use the extracts to
replace the underlined expressions in the sentences below.
aside a) place sth to one side,
b) save money to use later
down land (e.g. a plane)
sth down to to consider that sth is caused by sth else
in/into devote time, energy to sth
off postpone or cancel (e.g. a meeting)
PUT
on (weight) grow fatter
out a) stop burning,
b) produce
sb out upset, cause annoyance to sb
sb through connect a person
sb up provide accommodation for sb
away a) discard sth as useless,
b) fail to make use of it
oneself into begin to do sth energetically
THROW
off manage to get rid of sth
sth up a) vomit,
b) resign from sth
1. The house is so large that it's not a problem to provide a few people accommodation for a
couple of days.
READ, READ, READ 71
2. The fire brigade fought all night to stop the fire on the farm.
3. We had to postpone the interviews because the human resources manager got ill.
4. She is a difficult customer indeed. It's really difficult to get rid of her.
5. He was so enthusiastic that he immediately started work with full energy.
6. Helen thought that her sickness was caused by drinking too much.
7. The factory produces more than 3,000 bicycles a day.
8. He could use none of the opportunities in his life.
9. If you'd like to travel to Thailand for a holiday, you should save up some of your salary.
10. He is working hard to improve his English.
11. His rudeness made me really upset.
Grammar reminder - Mixed tenses
Task G) Complete the following sentences using the appropriate form of the verbs in
brackets.
1. Her story sounds so incredible that many women ................................... (refuse) to believe it.
2. I think I never ................................... (hear) a story like that.
3. She often ................................... (feel) queasy when she was pregnant.
4. Most people ................................... (eat) much more than usual when they're nervous.
5. She got seriously ill after she ................................... (be) on a slimming diet for six months.
6. After she ................................... (graduate), she ................................... (start) a new job with a
media company.
7. You can never tell in advance whether you ................................... (like) a job or not.
8. I just ................................... (decide) to quit and find a new job.
9. She says they ................................... (get) married after the baby is born.
10. She never ................................... (be) to hospital before her baby was born.
72 READ, READ, READ
Task Choose the best alternative a-c) to complete the sentences below.
1. There is no cloud in the sky. It ......................... be a lovely day.
a) will
b) is going to
c) would
2. I ......................... a lot of English recently.
a) am learning
b) learn
c) have learnt
3. I ......................... to clean my room, but I didn't have time.
a) am going
b) would go
c) was going
4. By the time the police arrived, all the paintings ......................... away.
a) were taken
b) had been taken
c) have been taken
5. We ......................... each other since we met in a holiday camp at the age of six.
a) have known
b) had known
c) know
6. We ......................... about him when he entered.
a) just talked
b) were just talking
c) had just talked
7. I .................... about it for months, but I still can't decide.
a) was thinking
b) am thinking
c) have been thinking
8. He is against smoking now, but he ......................... 40 cigarettes a day when he was a young
man.
a) was smoking
b) used to smoke
c) had smoked
9. It's cold. I ......................... the windows.
a) will shut
b) shut
c) am going to shut
10. All the people who ......................... the chocolate cake fell ill.
a) had been eating
b) has eaten
c) had eaten
READ, READ, READ 73
Follow-up activities
1. Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups.
a) Is there an ideal age for having a baby?
b) Women tend to give birth at a later age these days. What are the reasons?
c) Does it have any advantages or disadvantages to have very young parents or to have elderly
parents?
d) Why is it good or bad to be an only child?
e) Why is it good or bad to have brothers or sisters?
f) What do you think of family planning and abortions?
2. Write a letter of 150-200 words to your pen-friend in which you introduce your
family. Explain to your friend why you like/don't like to be an only child/to have
brothers or sisters.
74 READ, READ, READ
UNIT 10
Concern over the cyberjunkies who 00 on IT
Before you read
Task Read the following state-
ments (The warning signs)
• Decide to what extent they are
true for you. Compare your find-
ings in small groups and try to find
out who is the most/least depend-
ent on computers.
• Use them to describe someone you
know/read about who is really
dependent on computers.
Complete the list of warning signs if
necessary.
The warning signs
a) You spend hours looking for information, when you intend to spend a few minutes
b) You lie to friends about the time spent on your PC
c) You suffer physical problems from sitting at a monitor for hours at a time
d) You are looking forward to your next online session
e) You often feel you're just 'one step away' from finding the information you have been seeking
f) You get a thrill from adopting an anonymous persona
g) You find it easier to talk to people online than face to face
h) You check your e-mail compulsively
i) You skip meals, classes and appointments to go online
j) You experience mixed feelings of euphoria and guilt from spending so much time on your PC
Task Check if you understand what the following expressions mean before you
read the text.
OD
overdose, too
much of something (especially drug) taken
or given at one time
Information Technology
CYBERJUNKIES
READ, READ, READ
people addicted to computers (from
the word: junky = a narcotics addict)
75
Read the text
Concern over the office cyberjunkies who 00 on IT
Chris Barrie on the managers who OD on IT
A Forget smack. The drug of the moment 1
being used by millions day and night, is
legal, and costs little more than the price
of a phone call.
B Managers stay late at the office to use it. 5
There are growing fears for the health of
children who already encounter it. And
75 per cent of people polled about its
dangers warn that the addiction is get-
ting worse. 10
C Information is the drug and the new
generation of dataholics are the addicts.
A survey carried out by Reuters suggests
thousands of people are becoming
addicted to information and that many 15
crave more of it to the detriment of
social and family life. The survey of 1,000
people in the UK, US, Germany, Ireland,
Singapore and Hong Kong shows that 53
per cent of managers "crave" informa- 20
tion, with 54% admitting to a high
when they find the right data.
D One in three managers believe their col-
leagues are obsessed with gathering infor-
mation, while three-quarters believe infor- 25
mation can become addictive. Nearly
three-quarters say they have less job satis-
faction and suffer greater tension with
their colleagues due to overdoses of infor-
mation, while two out of every five are so 30
76
addicted that they look for work-related
information even when on holiday.
E More than half the managers said they
could not cope with the amount of
information they were sent, and nearly 35
half work longer hours or take work
home in an effort to keep up.
F Doctor Mark Griffith, a senior lecturer
specializing in addiction at Nottingham
Trent University, said the Internet may 40
be responsible. Competitive pressures
and job insecurity made people feel they
had to stay up-to-date at all costs.
G Net use could produce similar changes
in the body "as occurs with pathological 45
gamblers, including heightened adrena-
lin, endorphin and cerebral spinal fluid."
Doctor Griffith said a woman has
been found guilty of neglecting her
small children as she spent all her time 50
surfing the net. Another woman slept
with her Pc.
H Cyberjunkies are advised to go on-line
only at certain times of day, to avoid on-
screen junk mail and to strive to cut 55
down time at the computer. And they
must recognise the limitations of the
technology.
(Guardian)
READ, READ, READ
Check your understanding
Task Put items a-f) into one of the boxes according to the text.
The main topic
of the article
a) Using the net in classrooms
b) Concrete examples of overuse
c) The costs of using the net
d) Using the net in offices
e) Recommendations to cyberjunkies
f) Office life before computers
What is mentioned
in the article
Not mentioned
in the article
Task According to the text, match the items in Column A with the pieces
of information about net use in Column B. Write letters a-I) in the boxes provided.
Column A
1. 75'1,) of polled people ...
2. The Reuters survey suggests people ...
3.54% of managers ...
4. One in three managers ...
5. Three quarters of managers ...
o
o
o
o
Column B
a) feel extremely happy when finding the
info.
b) worry about losing their jobs.
c) think the tendency is bad.
d) think their colleagues collect more and
more data.
e) work more due to too much info.
6. Two out of five managers ...
DO
o
o
o
f) have more conflicts with their colleagues.
7. More than half the managers ...
8. Nearly half the managers ...
g) take time away from private life.
h) might fail to do their most important
duties.
9. According to Griffiths, people... ODD i) aren't so happy with their jobs any more.
READ, READ, READ
j) can't relax out of work.
k) can produce physical symptoms.
1) get more info than manageable.
77
Vocabulary development
Task Look at the dictionary extracts below. Choose the definition which most
closely agrees with the meaning of the word in the text. Circle a), b) or c).
1. CONCERN (title)
a) A company or enterprise: The firm has grown
into a huge concern.
b) A feeling of worry: Concern for his safety is
growll1g.
c) Thing that is important or interesting to sb:
The safety of the ship is the captain/s concern.
2. SMACK (line I)
a) A loud kiss: She gave him a smack all the cheek.
b) Slight taste of sth: I could taste a smack ofgarlic.
c) Heroin (slang): How long has she bew all smack?
3. HIGH (lillc 21)
a) A high place or region: Thcy stood all high al1d
observed thc coul1trysidc.
b) A high level or degree: Summcr tcmpcraturcs
rCtlched an all-time high.
c) An euphoric condition induced by or as if a
drug (slang): Excrcisc givcs 'lou a high.
4. TO GATHER (linc 24)
a) To collect several things: \Vc e,athercd our
things togethcr and left quickly.
b) To come together in a group: A crowd had
gathered to hcar her speak.
c) To understand sth: I never really gathcrcd why
he left his job.
5. TO PRODUCE (line 44)
a) To make sth: Francc produces a great deal of
IX/ine for export.
b) To cause a reaction or result: The prime mini-
stcr/s remark produced an angry rcsponse.
c) To bring sth out from somewhere and show
it: He suddenly produccd a knife from his pock-
ct.
6. BODY (linc 45)
a) The physical structure that forms a person
or animal: Shc rubbcd sun lotion ovcr her cntire
bodV
b) A group of people working as a unit: A go v-
ernmel1t body is the problem.
c) A separate object or mass: The distancc
betwcen the two bodies in spacc was mcasured
dailV
Task Decide if the following words are used as verbs or nouns in the text by writing
verb or noun in the spaces provided.
1. costs (Iille 3) 7. work 1. (line 36)
2. stay (line 5) 8. work 2. (line 36)
3. fears (line 6) 9. costs (lillc 43)
4. survey 1. (line 13) .......................................... . 10. use (lille 44)
5. survey 2. (line 17) .......................................... . 11. changes (line 44) .......................................... .
6. shows (line 19) .......................................... . 12. mail (line 55)
Task Choose words from the box and use them either as nouns or verbs to fill in
the gaps in the following sentences. Change the form of the word if necessary.
cost • stay • fear • survey • show • work • use • change • mail
1. Why don't we go to Edinburgh on Saturday and see a .................................... ?
2. He was pale and weak after the lengthy hospital .................................... .
3. Going on the expedition gives me a chance to .................................... all the training I've had.
78 READ, READ, READ
4. Don't forget to .................................... these letters.
5. It .................................... a lot to buy a house in this part of london.
6. They .................................... 500 householders and found that 40% of them had dishwashers.
7. She .................................... to speak in his presence.
S. It is not regarded as one of his more memorable .................................... .
9. That was twenty years ago and things have .................................... since then.
Task Fill in the chart with the correct forms of the given words from the text.
Verb Noun Noun (person) Adjective(s)
addict
believe
obsessed
sa tisfaction
suffer
lecturer
competitive
pressure
gambler
guilty
Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with the correct forms
of the words in the box.
addict • believe • obsessed • satisfaction • suffer • lecturer • competitive •
pressure • gambler • guilty
1. She's been a .................................... since she survived a terrible car accident.
2 ..................................... the button to start the machine!
3. They have 31 flavours of ice-cream - enough to .................................... everyone!
4. I attended a series of .................................... on Greek philosophy at the university.
5. I'm sure he did it, .................................... was written all over his face.
6. The problem with video games is that they're ................................... .
7. It's difficult for a small shop to .................................... with the big supermarkets.
READ, READ, READ 79
8. A new drug may give new hope to thousands of hay-fever ................................... .
9. She can only think of what and how much she eats; dieting has become an .............................. .
with her.
10. He had to borrow money to payoff his .................................... debts.
Task Find words in the text which could replace the underlined expressions
in the sentences. Change the form of the word if necessary and write it in the spaces
provided.
1. .............................................. 2. .............................................. 3 .............................................. .
4. .............................................. 5. .............................................. 6 .............................................. .
7 .............................................. .
1. On their way home they met (par B) a woman selling flowers.
2. Many young children have a strong desire for (par C) attention.
3. This tax cannot be introduced without damage (par C) to the economy.
4. The star was addicted to heroin and died of too many drugs (par D) in Los Angeles.
5. He doesn't give enough care to (par G) that poor dog - he never takes him for walks or gives
him any attention.
6. I try to stay away from (par H) supermarkets on Saturdays - they're always so busy.
7. She tries very hard (par H) to improve her performance.
Task (D Complete the phrasal verbs with appropriate prepositions from the box.
down • on • in • up • back • off
1.
2. KEEP
to prevent a feeling, etc from being expressed; to restrain sth
to continue (doing something)
3.
4.
5. CUT
6.
to move or progress at the same rate
to reduce the quantity of something
to interrupt sb/sth
to cause a person/place to become separate
Task ® Use the verbs keep or cut in the following sentences.
1. I was just talking to Jan, when Dave ........................................ in.
2 ......................................... on past the church; the stadium is about half a mile further on.
3. Many villages have been ........................................ off by the heavy snow.
4. The doctor told him to ........................................ down his consumption of fat.
5. She was unable to ........................................ back her tears.
6. I can't ........................................ up with all the changes in computer technology.
80 READ, READ, READ
Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences. Use one word for each gap from
the box below.
for • at (2x) • out • with (2x) • to (3
x
) • in (2x) • of
1. He is addicted .............. TV soa p operas.
2. Nigel is carrying .............. research on early Christian art.
3. She was very involved with sports at college, .............. the detriment of her studies.
4. Why are people so obsessed .............. moneyc.
5. The team's success was largely due .............. her efforts.
6. The police are looking .............. clues.
7 ............... their efforts to reduce crime the government expanded the police force.
8. It must be difficult to cope .............. three small children and a job.
9. We are going to a restaurant that specializes .............. seafood.
10. She insists on eating .............. certain times of day.
11. The train driver was guilty .............. negligence.
12. Security during the president's visit must be maintained .............. all costs.
Task Complete the words in the box below with the right form of the suffix and fill
in the gaps in the text below.
shop • football • chocolate • work • diesel • data
Alcoholic refers to a person who is addicted to
alcohol. The suffix -oholic or ~ d h o / i c is added to
other words to refer to various kinds of addiction.
The commonest of these is ............................. G),
who is someone unable or unwilling to stop
working. A person who craves chocolate is a
............................................. 0 and a person who
shops compulsively or very frequently IS a
................................. Cl), whereas someone who
cannot do without loads of information is a
····································0·
The -oftolic suffix is often used to generate new
words for humorous effect. For example, a driver
-oholic
-(a)holic
unwilling to leave his car behind has been described as a ......................................... @. In addition,
it has been said of the Rangers manager Dick Advocaat that he is a ............................... @.
READ, READ, READ 81
Grammar reminder - Infinitive of purpose • To make sb do sth
Task Study the following extract from the text. Combine the pairs of sentences
below into one using the Infinitive.
Mal1agers stM late at the office to use It.
1. I am buying paint. I want to paint my hall door.
2. They got up very early. They wanted to get to the top of the hill before sunrise.
3. He opened the lions' cage. He intended to feed the lions.
4. She put a scarecrow up in the field. She wanted to frighten the birds.
5. The workmen left red lights near the hole. They wanted to warn motorists.
6. We had no cups but he gave us coconut shells. He said we could drink out of them.
Task Study how make is used in the following extract from the text. Arrange the
words below into sentences.
Competitive pressure and job Insecurity made people feel they had to stay up to date at a// costs.
1. morning start couldn't my I car this make
2. mind will my me nothing change make
3. your make water onions eyes
4. face laugh enough just make his me seeing is to
5. eighty photograph look makes the about me
6. the several but rang make hear couldn't I times anyone doorbell
82 READ, READ, READ
Follow-up activities
1. Read the Help Desk Jokes and discuss the questions below.
a) Are people more computer literate nowadays?
b) Would you like to work at a computer help desk?
c) Have you heard/experienced similar funny cases?
So many people have called to ask where the
"any" key is when "Press any key" flashes on
the screen that the company is considering
changing the command to "Press Return Key".
Customer: "My sound card is defective and
want a new one.
Tech Support: "What seems to be the prob-
lem?"
Customer: "The balance is backwards. The
left channel is coming out of the right speaker
and the right channel is coming out the left.
It's defective."
Tech Support: "You can solve the problem
by moving the left speaker to the right side of
the machine and vice versa."
A customer called to say he couldn't get his
computer to fax anything. After 40 minutes of
troubleshooting, the technician discovered the
man was trying to fax a piece of paper by hold-
ing it in front of the monitor screen and hitting
the "Send" key.
Tech support: At 3:37 a.m. I received a frantic
phone call from a new user of a Macintosh
Plus. She had gotten her entire family out of
the house and was calling from her neigh-
bour's. She had just received her first system
error and interpreted the picture of the bomb
on the screen as a warning that the computer
was going to blow up.
2. Write a paragraph of approximately 80-100 words about how you use computers.
Include the following points.
C . ~ Gwhat purpoV
When you use It
GSigns of a d d i ~ 0
0w
mu0
What you take time away from
READ, READ, READ 83
Before you read
UNIT 11
The Life Doctor
Task Look at the following cartoon from the Guardian about the Lennard family of
Bedford. Fill in the gaps with the pronouns from the box while reading the captions.
You can use one pronoun more than once.
I • my • he • him • his • she • her • they • them • their • themselves
REASONS WHY A FAMILY WON'T 3PEAK TO EACH OTHER ...
Task Make the Lennard family tree by filling in the ovals with names from
the cartoon.
84 READ, READ, READ
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups.
1. What makes the cartoon funny (wording, drawing, situation, etc.)?
2. Who is Mr Appleby?
3. Why doesn't Anon. (Anonymous) want to give his real name?
4. What is the family problem that the cartoon exposes?
5. How do you think Anon.'s family reacted when they saw the cartoon?
6. How would you react in a similar situation?
7. How would you try to solve a problem like this?
8. What advice would you give to the Lennards?
9. What family cartoons do you know? What are they about?
Read the text
The Life Doctor
Eleanor Bailey
A Does your family stereotype you? Are you
always the sensible coper or the emotional
one who needs to be looked after?
Psychotherapists think that we and our
families unwittingly collude to create an
emotional stuck-in-the-mud.
B In this new book Should You Leave?
American psychiatrist Peter Kramer, cites
an occasion when psychotherapist
Murray Bowen broke his family emotion-
al "triangles" so people could be them-
selves. During a family crisis he deliberate-
ly alienated family members who normal-
ly took his side. He wrote contradictory
letters. They met for a weekend where
everything exploded but Bowen held firm.
And it worked. By one person breaking
the pattern consistently, the others were
able to take different roles. The needy sis-
READ, READ, READ
ter became autonomous, the feuding
brothers stopped. It revolutionised family
therapy.
C To test this out we asked a passive,
responsible coper to be a tantrum thrower
for a week. Anne, 27, (no, of course, it's
not her real name; how could she upset
her mother?) says: "From an early age, my
sister was the temperamental genius and
indulged. There is this unspoken belief
that my mother is a huge musical talent
too, but that her children stifled her. My
father does everything for Mum. My
brother and I go round every Sunday to
avoid upsetting her. Not my sister. They
give her money, she goes round when she
wants and treats my father like a taxi
service. She throws tantrums if she does
not get her own way."
85
D Day one
No family contact. Normally I ring my
mother every day. I don't. Weird.
E Day two to four
Still no contact. If I didn't ring would I
never speak to my mother again? Is she
dead on the kitchen floor? Begin to notice
how I might have been helping my mother
be needy.
F Day {I've
My sister rings me in tears. An orchestral
job has been cancelled. Instead of saying
"there there, there'll be another one soon",
I say "you might never work again!" And
throw a fit (I practised earlier). She stops
crying, gets angry and gets off the line. My
mother rings me. She has heard from my
sister. How could I be so thoughtless? I
should be supportive. I put the phone
down on her. Wow. I feel scared and pow-
erful at the same time.
Check your understanding
G Day six
The big one. For the first time in my adult
life I miss Sunday lunch. No explanation, I
just don't turn up. My father rings up. He
reasons with me (like always) "You're
upsetting your mother," I say "but what
about you Dad? Are you upset? Wouldn't
you rather skive off too and go fishing?"
This a first too, asking my father what he
thinks. He is thrown. He says "That's not
the point.", but I can tell he's tempted.
Maybe he'll rebel too!
H Day seven
My mother rings me up. She is not hyster-
ical. She says, "are you all right?" My
mother has never asked me this before. For
some reason, I become tearful. Another
first. My mother is quite nice really. She
says, "You don't have to come round on
Sundays, you know." I am amazed.
(The Independent)
Task· Decide if the following statements are true or false or not stated in the text.
Write T (true) or F (false) or NS (not stated) in the boxes provided.
1. All the members of the family meet every Sunday.
2. Ann and her sister quarrelled a lot as children.
3. Ann's sister usually does what the others tell her to do.
4. Ann is always the first person her sister calls up if she has a problem.
S. Ann's sister is a musician.
6. On day six Ann calls her parents to say that she cannot go to Sunday lunch.
7. Ann thinks her father would like to go fishing instead of the family lunch.
8. The shock therapy seems successful on the last day.
Task According to paragraph C who could have said the following sentences?
Write the letters F (father), M (mother), B (brother), S (sister) or A (Anne) in the boxes
provided.
1. 'Hello. Is that you? I'm sorry I can't come round this weekend. I have so much to do' D
2. 'What a career I could have made!' D
3. 'It's difficult but I'll come. I know how worried she would be.' D
4. 'Thanks a lot! I'll try to give it back as soon as I can.' D
86 READ, READ, READ
5. 'Why is Ann late? We usually arrive at the same time.'
6. 'Of course, of course. As you want it.'
7. 'By the way, could you give me a lift tonight?'
D
D
D
Task On day five Ann says she feels scared and powerful at the same time. Match
the days with how Ann might have felt according to what she said using the words
from the box.
worried • surprised • determined • strange
(/) on day one.
(2) on day two to four.
Ann felt ...... sc{lred (/lId powertiil...... on day five.
.......................................... (3) on day six.
(4) on day seven.
Task An expert from the Institute of Family Therapy gives advice to those who
would like to tryout the new therapy. Match the sentence beginnings in Column A
below with the correct endings in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. Timing is very important; .,.
D
D
a) ... different families will have different responses.
2. Think through the likely conse-
quences, as ...
D
b) ... it happens.
c) ... don't do it during a big life-changing event.
d) ... you decide on a change of behaviour. 3. Be careful with radical steps
because ... e) ... even a tiny change may make a big difference.
4. You can test the water by ."
5. Say to a particular person, ...
6. That way they are not so shocked
when ...
7. But be consistent if ...
8. It is easy ...
D
D
D
D
D
Vocabulary development
f) ... having an 'as if' conversation.
g) ... to give in.
h) ... 'what would happen if I behaved like this?'
Task Find the following extracts in the text and guess from the context what the
underlined parts might mean. Choose a), b) or c).
1. There is this lIllspoken belief that my mother is a
musiwl talent tOOl but that her children stifled
her. (par C)
2. She throws tantrums if size doesn It get her Olt'l1
a) her children spoiled her too much
b) she couldn't make a career because of having
children
c) her children are even more talented than her
READ, READ, READ
way. (par C)
a) has sudden, noisy outbursts of bad temper
b) angrily throws everything at the others
c) quickly says a lot of unpleasant things to the
others
87
3. \'(/ollldll't YOLI rather skive off too alld go (tshll1g? (par G)
a) tell the truth openly at last
b) forget about my mother's hysteria
c) go away and not do the unpleasant duty
Task For each of the expressions in Column A find one expression in the text
which has a similar meaning. Write them in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. a genius (par C) ...................................................... .................... ~ a r q
2. to throw a tantrum (par C) .......................................................................... (par F)
3. in tears (par F) ...................................................... ···················0fflr ffl
4. earlier (f7ar F) ...................................................... ···················0ffl rffl
5. to get off the line (par F)
6. be supportive (par F)
........................................................................... (pdr F)
........................................................................... (par B)
Task Decide which expression matches each row of examples. Write them in the
spaces provided.
indulged by • scared of • upset by • tempted by • thrown by • amazed at
1. ..................................... sb's beauty, a result, anything unbelievable, .. .
2 ...................................... a remark a question, anything disturbing, .. .
You can be
3 ...................................... ghosts, dogs, darkness, anything fearful, .. .
4 ...................................... laziness, nice clothes, the devil, anything persuasive .. .
5 ...................................... your parents, husband/wife, anyone who likes you .. .
6 ...................................... unpleasant experiences, bad news, anything worrying .. .
Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences. Use one expression for each
sentence from the box below.
indulged by • scared of • upset by
tempted by • thrown by • amazed at
1. The speaker was completely ........................................ .
the interruption.
2. They are ......................................... making a fool of
themselves.
3. We were ......................................... the change in his
appearance.
4. We were ......................................... the delicious-looking
food.
5. They were ......................................... the poverty they saw abroad.
6. He is ......................................... his parents too much. It's bad for his character.
88 READ, READ, READ
Task Find verbs in the text which could replace the underlined words or
expressions in the following sentences. Write the appropriate form of each verb in
the spaces provided.
1. The drug is quite safe, it has been tried to see how well it
works several times. . ....................................... (par C)
2. A good boss should not suppress new ideas. . ....................................... (par C)
3. Try to make efforts not to have accidents. . ....................................... (par C)
4. An officer must know how to handle his men. . ....................................... (par C)
5. I suddenly became aware of a fat man sitting
in the front row. ......................................... (par E)
6. He was not present at the meeting! ........................................ (par C)
7. Sorry. I didn't want to make you feel worried and unhappy. . ....................................... (17m C)
8. He strongly protested against his strict upbringing. .. ...................................... (pm C)
Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with a word from the box.
with • about • up (2x) • round (2x) • down • off • on
1. Ring ............................. the airport and find out when the plane takes off.
2. Why don't you come ............................. to my flat this evening?
3. It is very impolite to put the phone ........................................................ " somebody.
4. What ............................. going to the dance with me on Saturday?
5. Don't get ............................. the line! I am still talking.
6. I'm going ............................. to my parents' later.
7. The missing boy turned ............................. an hour later.
8. We all know how difficult it is to reason ............................. a fanatic person.
Task Twelve adjectives have been substituted by their noun forms in the following
summary. Strike throl:lgh these nouns and write the appropriate adjective forms
above them. Choose from the suffixes below to make the adjectives. One has been
done for you as an example.
-al • -less • -ive • -ful • -ible • -y • -ous
passive
Ann is a passivity, response, autonomy person who decides to break the family pattern. Her
mother has always been considered a music talent and her sister the temperament genius. One
day Ann's sister rings and tells her in a tear voice that she has lost an orchestra job. She expects
Ann to be support but Ann is very thought. Her sister gets anger and Ann feels power. Next
Sunday without any explanation she misses the family lunch but her mother is not hysteria.
READ, READ, READ 89
.f): .. .....
,
";,,;;';';
Task Complete these lists by forming the adjective forms of each of the words
in this list.
expression • fame • cheese • child • nature • truth • rely • effect • ambition •
beauty • sleep • friend • norm • access
-al
-lYe
-less
-ful
-able/ible
-y
-ous
Task ... Fill in the gaps in the extract with one of the linking expressions from the box
below.
normally • that • but • and • too • instead of •
for some reason • from an early age • for the first time
..................................... CD I wanted to have pets ............................................ ® I never told my
parents. . ................................ ® I thought ........................................ @ they wouldn't like pets
and I didn't want to upset them ............................. .
@ I avoided reasoning, .......................................... .
@. So ................................................. (}) asking for
a pet, I decided to wait. I am 21 now, and
............................................... ® in my life I have
got a nice, fat kitten. My parents came round to
my flat the other day ........................................... .
® said:
'We always wanted a pet! Why didn't you tell
us you liked them?'
I was amazed!
Grammar reminder - Reported speech
Task Read what Anon's relatives (Task 1) tell him and how he reports it. Then
change the direct speech into reported speech in the sentences below.
• Edith: 'I won't phone up your brother because he doesn't phone me.'
• My mother (Edith) said she wouldn't phone up my brother because he didn't phone her.
• Edith: 'Jennifer said something very hurtful to me on the phone.'
• Edith said that Jennifer had said something very hurtful to her on the phone.
90 READ, READ, READ
1. Harry said to his wite, 'I'm going to see my mother this evening it I can get away trom the
office a little earlier. Have you any messages for her?'
Harry said to his wife that ............................................................................................................ ..
2. 'Why don't you go and push a baby-carriage
c
' the taxi-driver said to the other driver angrily.
'You're not fit to drive a car.'
The taxi driver asked ....................................................................................................................... .
3. 'If you really think I said that about you,' said Charles, 'I'm not surprised that you're angry
with me. But I assure you I did not.'
Charles said that if ......................................................................................................................... ..
Follow-up activities
1. Read paragraphs F-H in the text The Life Doctor. Act out the following dialogues.
Add as many details as you want.
• Day five: Ann and her sister • Day six: Ann and her father
• Day five: Ann and her mother • Day seven: Ann and her mother
2. Summarise what the text The life Doctor is about. Discuss the following questions in
pairs or small groups.
a) Do you agree that families stereotype family members? Why?
b) What is your stereotyped role in your family (if any)?
c) Can family members take different roles if somebody breaks the pattern? Why?
d) What do you think about Ann's experiment with her own familyc
3. Write a composition of 150-200 words about what happened in Ann's family after
the experiment.
4. Read the following reader's letter and
write a reply of 100-150 words about what
she should do.
Despite 10 years of trying, plus some very
unwelcome tips and sarcastic comments from
certain members of my family, I am still unable
to transfer milk from a bottle to a cup without
getting it all over the floor. Is it just me, or is
there some deep, dark conspiracy going on?
Either way, can you help? I am at my wits' end.
MM (aged 12), London
READ, READ, READ 91
UNIT 12
Conversations with virtual granny
Before you read
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups.
1. Make a list of some of the functions of computers.
2. Make a list of ten jobs in which people use computers. Which functions of computers do these
people use?
3. How can a computer be abused?
4. Have you heard of any crime that was committed with the help of a computer?
5. Do you have a computer at home? What do you use it for?
6. What does 'virtual reality' mean? (YOIi ca11 (I'lId tin exp/{/1/{/tioll ill the Kev.)
7. Look at the picture below and try to guess what the text is about.
Task The words in Column A are taken from the text. Match them with the expres-
sions in Column B which have a similar meaning.
Column A Column B
1. immortality
D
a) expect that sth will happen
2. anima tion
D
b) great enjoyment
3. footage
D
c) film or part of a film
4. posthumous
D
d) brought back to life again
5. interaction
D
e) happening after death
6. tracking
D
f) film in which drawings or puppets appear to move
92 READ, READ, READ
7. anticipate D g) attractiveness or interest
8. relish
9. appeal
10. resurrected
D h) following the marks or the movements of sth
D i) communicating or co-operating with each other
D j) living for ever, never dying
11. artificial intelligence
12. screen legends
D k) capacity of machines to simulate intelligent human behaviour
D 1) film stars
Read the text
Conversations with virtual granny
Clive Cookson looks forward to an al1imated 'life' after death
(Extract)
You died 10 years ago. Sadly, the best 1
efforts of 21
st
century medical technology
could not keep you alive beyond the age of
120. But friends and relatives can still inter-
act with you, or rather with a hyper-realis- 5
tic computer animation of you, thanks to
your "virtual immortality".
The computer has processed all the avail-
able photographs and video footage taken
during your lifetime, all the recordings of 10
your voice and much of what you wrote,
including a long personal testament written
for your electronic afterlife. It now has the
essence of your looks, voice and character -
and can chat realistically to anyone about 15
current events, from family gossip to inter-
national politics.
Some people will be excited by the
prospect of this sort of posthumous exis-
tence, some will be horrified - but no one 20
should dismiss it merely as science fiction.
Computer scientists are making such rapid
progress with human interactions that they
are talking about virtual immortality as a
serious prospect for the future. 25
"I think it's a neat idea," says David
Hogg, professor of artificial intelligence at
Leeds University. "You could give the com-
puter videos of granny, taken before she
died, and she'd be able to talk back to you 30
as if she were alive."
Hogg is one of those working "to equip a
virtual human being with the ability to
READ, READ, READ
interact in a natural way". With his Leeds
colleagues Neil Johnson and Aphrodite 35
Galata, he has taught a computer to simu-
late convincingly one of the simpler forms
of interaction: shaking hands.
If you shake hands with an imaginary
partner, the Leeds computer will fill in
the missing person on its screen. 40
Although that may seem simple, the
researchers had to work out an extreme-
ly complex algorithm (mathematical
process) to enable the computer to
"learn" the movements of handshaking 45
by analysing video sequences of real peo-
ple shaking hands.
To supplement this work on gestures,
the Leeds researchers recently moved on
to the more challenging task of teaching a 50
computer to simulate and respond to
facial expressions, working with Chris
Taylor at Manchester University who has
developed a computerised face tracking
system. 55
While virtual immortality for the mass-
es lies decades in the future, movie stars
will not have to wait so long. Indeed, the
Hollywood studios are already anticipat-
ing with relish the box office appeal of 60
new films featuring resurrected screen
legends such as Marilyn Monroe and
Bruce Lee.
(Final1cial Times)
93
Check your understanding
Task Decide whether the following statements are true or false or not stated accord-
ing to the text. Write T (true) or F (false) or NS (not stated) in the boxes provided.
1. The text suggests that 21
st
century medicine may extend human life. r---I
2. If the computer can process enough data, it can create an animation of people. [
3. People can interact with each other after their deaths.
4. The computer has a testament which regulates electronic afterlife.
5. People will probably feel differently about virtual immortality.
6. David Hogg finds the idea of virtual immortality unpleasant.
7. David Hogg has recorded video sequences of real people shaking hands.
8. Simulating facial expressions is more difficult than simulating gestures.
9. The Hollywood Studios expect new Marilyn Monroe films to make a lot of money.
Task Answer the following questions in no more than five words.
1. What is virtual immortality?
2. What information does the computer need to be able to animate a person?
I
1
.1
I
I
a) ............................................................................................................................................................ .
~ ............................................................................................................................................................ .
c) ............................................................................................................................................................ .
d) ............................................................................................................................................................ .
3. What can an animated person talk about?
a) ............................................................................................................................................................ .
b) ............................................................................................................................................................ .
4. What are the people at Leeds University working on?
5. What did they need to teach the computer how to shake hands?
6. How can Chris Taylor contribute to the project?
7. Why do studios want to make new films with resurrected screen legends?
94 READ, READ, READ
Vocabulary development
Task Underline the words in the text which end in -ment or -ion. Study what they
mean in the text.
Task Complete the following table by either the verb or the noun made from the
given words.
Verb Noun (-ment) Noun (-ion)
interact
animation
excite
eqUIp
simulate
movement
express
develop
anticipate
resurrect
Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with a word from the table in
Task 6.
1. Men often do not want to .......................... their feelings explicitly.
2. The ......................... for the new laboratory cost much more than we had expected.
3 .......................... games often help students to prepare for real life situations.
4. Living in a big city offers a lot of .......................... to young people.
5. A good general can .......................... what the enemy will do.
6. Many scientists would like to .......................... a vaccine for AIDS.
7. Roger Rabbit is a film that blended .......................... and film together.
8. She was so frightened that she couldn't .......................... .
9 ........................... in Christianity is the event when Jesus came alive again three days after he
was killed.
10. Human beings can .......................... with each other by gestures and facial expressions, too.
READ, READ, READ 95
Task Look at the lists of words and complete the sentences below with either the
adverbs or the adjectives.
Adjective Adverb Adjective Adverb
sad sadly convmcmg convincingly
realistic realistically extreme extremely
mere merely recent recently
1. He pu blished two new thrillers ............................... .
2 ................................ we don't seem to have much chance of winning the scholarship.
3. She told a very ............................... story and we all believed it.
4. We'd like to move next week, but ............................... we will have to wait until June.
5. I'm ............................... sorry but I'm afraid I can't help.
6. We thought it was painted by Gaugain, but in fact, it was .............................. a reproduction.
7. It was a ............................... accident that he found out the truth.
8. The novel includes ........................................... descriptions of how miners lived in the 19
th
century.
9. I'm sorry, but I've got some ............................... news for you.
10. You must speak more ............................... if you want to make them buy the product.
Task Decide if the following words are used as verbs or nouns in the text by writing
verb or noun in the spaces provided.
1. process (linc 8) 5. progress (linc 23) .......................................... ..
2. chat (Iil1c 15) 6. shake (lil1c 38) .......................................... ..
3. gossip (lillcI6) 7. screen (linc 40)
4. prospect (linc 19) 8. relish (linc 60)
Task Use the words in the box either as nouns or verbs to fill in the gaps
in the following sentences.
face • gossip • process • progress • prospect • relish • screen • shake •
supplement
1. Routine office jobs have no ....................... for me.
2. A ....................... of the head means 'no' in most European cultures.
3. Most students ....................... their grants by working at the weekends or in their holidays.
4. You can't accept your position and you can't improve it if you don't ....................... the facts first.
5. The window was broken and we used a ....................... to keep the cold off.
6. Mankind seems to have made very little ....................... since the beginning of civilisation.
7. The ....................... of finding a new job might be difficult for people in their forties.
8. You shouldn't believe all the ....................... you've heard from your old aunties.
9. How fast does the new computer ....................... the data?
96 READ, READ, READ
Task The words in Column A have more than one meaning.
Tick the meaning in Column B to indicate the meaning these words have
in the simplified sentences.
Column A
1. EFFORT
Even the best efforts of 21st century
technology cannot keep you alive for ever.
2. RElATIVE
Friends and relatives will be able to inter-
act with you.
3. AVAIlABLE
The computer has processed all the avail-
able photos.
4. TESTAMENT
I t has processed your testament which
you wrote for your electronic afterlife.
5. ESSENCE
The computer has the essence of your
looks, voice and character.
6. CURRENT
The computer can chat about current
events.
7. EXISTENCE
Some people will like the possibility of
posthumous existence.
8. DISMISS
No one should dismiss this possibility as
science fiction.
9. NEAT
Mr. Hogg says it is a neat idea.
10. ARTIFICIAL
David Hogg is a professor of artificial
intelligence.
11. RESPOND
Column B
a) use of strength and energy
b) energetic attempt, struggle
a) comparative, being in relation to sth else
b) person who is related to another
a) that can be used or obtained
b) free to be seen or talked to
a) thing that proves that sth is true
b) legal document in which a person tells
what he wants to happen to his property
after his death
a) most important quality of sth
b) extract of a plant, drug, etc.
a) happening now
b) movement of water, air, electricity, etc.
a) state of existing
b) way of living
a) remove sb or send sb away
b) consider sb/sth not worth thinking about
a) tidy, arranged in an orderly way
b) fine, splendid
a) made by man, imitating sth natural
b) affected, insincere
a) give a verbal or written answer Researchers try to teach a computer to
respond to facial expressions. b) act in answer to sth, behave in a similar way
12. MASS
Immortality for the masses lies decades in
the future.
READ, READ, READ
a) quantity of matter without a regular shape
b) (the masses) general pu blic
97
Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with a word from Task 11. Use the
correct form of the words.
1. Many Scottish people believe in the ........................... of ghosts.
2. I asked him about his mother, but he didn't ............................ .
3. You should turn to a lawyer if you think you have been unfairly ............................ .
4. It is difficult to swim against the ............................ .
5. I am ........................... for a job interview from 15
th
March.
6. They made every ........................... to help, but unfortunately, they couldn't.
7 ............................ pearls often look like real ones, and they are very expensive, too.
8. She has very nice, ........................... writing. It's easy to read.
9. Could you buy some vanilla ........................... for the cake?
10. Truth is always .......................... .
11. A ........................... of snow broke away and started an avalanche.
12. When he heard the news, he wrote another ............................ .
Task Fill in the gaps with the words in the box below. You can use the same word
more than once.
at • back • beyond • in • to • with
1. A trip to the USA was ........................... belief when I was a young man.
2. Thanks ........................... the bad weather, they had cancelled the football match.
3. You shouldn't talk ........................... to your mother, Katie.
4. She tried to smile .............. a natural way, but she couldn't.
5. The patient responded very well ................ the treatment.
6. I studied history and arts ................ university.
7. Not all the soldiers were equipped ....................... guns and winter clothes.
8. Could you fill ................... this form, please?
9. Can we move on .............. the next question?
10. In Africa people interact ................. each other in a different way.
Grammar reminder - Relative clauses • Conditional
Task Study the following extracts from the text (Column A) and how we can
re-write them using a relative clause (Column 8).
Column A
The computer has processed all the photo-
graphs takel1 during your lifetime.
98
Column B
The computer has processed all the photo-
graphs ,vhichlthat were takel1 during your life-
time.
READ, READ, READ
You could give the computers videos of
granny, takell before she died.
You could give the computers videos of
granny It'llieh/that were/had beell takell before
she died.
Mr Hogg is one of those workilt£!, "to equip a
virtual human being with the ability to inter-
act in a natural way".
Mr Hogg is a researcher who is workillg "to
equip a virtual human being with the ability
to interact in a natural way".
Hollywood Studios are anticipating the box
office appeal of new films featuril1g resurrect-
ed screen legends.
Hollywood Studios are anticipating the box
office appeal of new films lr'llIdl/that (emurc
resurrected screen legends.
Task Re-write the following sentences. Use Which, that or who in your sentences if
necessary.
1. The computer will process a personal testament written for your electronic afterlife.
2. The computer will use an algorythm worked out by a team of mathematicians.
3. The computer analysed video sequences of real people shaking hands.
4. They will use a computerized face tracking system developed by Chris Taylor from Manchester.
5. New films using the animation of Marilyn Monroe may hit the box office in the near future.
6. Many people are horrified by the progress made by computer scientists in recent years.
Task Complete the following conditional sentences using the verbs in brackets.
1. If you shake hands with an imaginary partner, the Leeds computer ........................... (FILL) in
the missing person on its screen.
2. If they use Taylor's computerized face tracking system, the computer .......................... .
(RESPOND) to facial expressions.
3. If the computer processes all the data about a person, it ........................... (BE ABLE) to chat
realistically.
4. If they could make new films using animations of film stars, they ........................... (NOT
PAY) so much to living actors.
5. If I were responsible for research, I ........................ (NOT GIVE) any money for such purposes.
READ, READ, READ 99
6. If people were not interested, there""""""""" .. (BE) no research.
7. If they spent less money on projects like 'virtual immortality', they ........................... (CAN
SPEND) more on saving people's lives.
8. If they had used a computerised warning service, many people ........................... (SURVIVE)
the tsunami in South Asia.
9. If people had received information in time, they ........................... (LEAVE) the seaside before
the tsunami arrived.
10. If they manage to raise enough funds, they ........................... (DEVELOP) a new marine obser-
vation system.
Follow-up activities
1. Discuss the following questions in small groups.
• How does the Internet change our lives?
• Printed books will soon be viewed as objects of art since people will rather use the computer
If they need information or if they want to read fiction. Do you agree
c
• Computers will destroy human relationships. Do you agree with this statement
c
• What do you think of battery operated toys such as the one described below
c
Just Add Walking
Some virtual pets reqUire constant button-pressing to keep them alive. Nintendo's new
PokCmon Pikachu just needs a daily walk to maintain the happiness of the tiny character that
lives inside the yellow device, which kids can attach to their pants like a pager. A built-in
pedometer keeps track of how far you've travelled and converts your steps into "watts", food
for your pet Pikachu, a roly-poly gerbil-like creature. This pet has legs.
(NcH'Slt'cclc)
2. Your American friends ask you if they could send a Pokemon Pikachu (described
above) to your 10-year-old child/brother/sister as a birthday present.
a) If you like the idea, write a letter (in 120-150 words) of thanks in which you explain why
you think it will be a good present for a kid.
b) If you don't like the idea, write a letter (in 120-150 words) to them and try to
persuade them to choose something else as a present. Explain to them why you don't want
your child/brother/sister to have a toy like that.
100 READ, READ, READ
UNIT 13
Punk Baby Jesus and the three Masters
of the Universe
Before you read
Task Look at the pictures below and discuss in what ways your family Christmas is
similar to/different from what you can see in the pictures.
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups.
1. What is the nativity scene?
2. Who and what can usually be seen in a nativity scene?
3. Where and when can nativity scenes be seen?
4. What was/is the purpose of nativity scenes?
5. What do you associate the nativity scene with?
READ, READ, READ 101
Read the text
Artist in travesty of the nativity scene asks: what's so offensive?
Punk Baby Jesus and the three Masters of the Universe
By Kate Ginn
A As natIvIty scenes go, it is perhaps a G Miss Wilson said: 'I see absolutely noth-
touch on the modern side. ing offensive about our work. We are
B The infant Jesus sports a punk hairstyle just trying to expand the Christian ideal
with a love heart on his face and his of the nativity by making it more
mother Mary is a Sindy doll. Barbies 5 appealing to a modern audience. It shows 35
hover overhead dressed as angels and her the nuclear family, the depravation, but
long-time companion Ken is Joseph. The the magical way all this turns out all
Wise Men are Masters of the Universe right in the end. It is unusual but meant
toys, while leopards, cows and three to be humorous.'
outsize kittens complete the picture. 10 H But Kent County Council's art and 40
C The scene, designed by two artists, was libraries committee chairman Derek
due to go on display to hundreds of Dolding said: 'I really feel that it is not
schoolchildren at Strood library in Kent for adults to impose their interpretation
tomorrow. But last night, after Church on a traditional tale. I will be looking
leaders and councillors complained that 15 into how this came about.' 45
it was in bad taste, it was banned. I John Banner, vicar of Holy Trinity
D Keith Ferrin, deputy leader of Kent Church in Turnbridge Wells, said: 'It is
county council who ordered its re- like Father Christmas turning up in a
moval, said: 'I feel it may be offensive limousine wearing a business suit. Due
to some people and therefore it will 20 reverence should be paid to the Christ 50
not now go ahead.' child and I don't think anything is
E The Archdeacon of Rochester, the Ven gained by giving him a modern haircut.
Norman Warren, said: 'Some of the val- I think this is all in very bad taste.'
ues associated with the toys might not J The local authority said it was acting on
be ones we would want to encourage.' 25 concerns raised. 'It was quite a modern 55
F London-based artists Julia Wilson and exhibition and some might appreciate it
Liz Kent were commissioned by the but other people might be offended,'
library and put the nativity together for said a council spokesman. 'The last
£100, using second-hand dolls. A second thing we want to do is offend people at
display was also made, featuring 30 Christmas.' 60
Captain Scarlet. (Daily Mail)
Check your understanding
Task Choose the best answers to these questions according to the text. Circle a),
b), c) or d).
1. ... gave the artists the job of making a nativity display in the library.
a) The county council
b) The library
c) Church leaders
d) It is not stated who
102 READ, READ, READ
2 .... decided not to allow the displaying of the nativity scene.
a) The local authority
b) The library
c) Church leaders
d) The children's parents
3. The artists were given £100 ".
a) as payment for making the display.
b) to cover the costs of the second-hand toys.
c) as payment and to cover the costs.
d) but it is not stated if it is payment or costs or both.
4. Which ONE statement is NOT true?
The artists say they wanted to
a) be provocative to warn people of today's false values.
b) make a funny display.
c) make Christianity more attractive to the people of today.
d) display Christianity in a broader sense.
Task Read what the following people say about the nativity display. Indicate
if they like or dislike it or if their personal opinion is not stated. Tick (,r) the
appropriate boxes.
Likes Dislikes Not stated
1. Keith Ferrin
2. Norman Warren
3. Julia Wilson
4. Derek Dolding
5. John Banner
6. Council spokesman
7. Kate Ginn (the author o(the article)
Task Find the words in the text which the following words refer to. Write them in the
spaces provided.
1. (lille 4) his
2. (lille 6) her
3. (Iille 1b) it
4. (line 16) it
5. (Iillc 18) its
6. (Iillc 25) ones
7. (lillc 34) it
8. (Iillc 52) him
9. (lillc 54) it
10. (lillc 56) it
READ, READ, READ 103
Vocabulary development
Task Find the expressions from the text which match with the definitions below.
Write them in the spaces provided.
1. ......................................... (par B):
2 .......................................... (par E):
3 .......................................... (par F):
4. . ....................................... (par G):
5. . ....................................... (par G):
6 ......................................... (par H):
7 ......................................... (par H):
8 .......................................... (par H):
make (sth) whole or perfect
give support, confidence or hope to sb
give sb the job of doing sth
attractive, charming or interesting
group of people who gathered together to hear or watch
sb/sth
person in charge of a committee or meeting
try to make people accept opinions, beliefs, etc as a rule
or model to copy
story, especially one involving adventure or magic
Task look at the two verb+noun partnerships below and guess their meaning from
the context or check it in the dictionary. Then complete the two lists of verb+noun
partnerships using the nouns in the box.
Due rel'erel1Ce should be paid to the Christ chi/d. (par J) to pay reverence
to raise concerns The local authority smA it was acting all concerlls raised. (par})
respects • doubts • aHention • suspicion • a visit • a fuss • lip-service • fears
to pay to raise
....................... reverel1ce ...................... .. . ..................... col1cerns ......................... .
Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with nouns from the box of Task 7
to make pay+noun or raise+noun partnerships.
1. He pays ................................... to feminism but his wife still does all the housework.
2. It's certain mummy will raise .................................. when she learns you have broken her best vase.
3. I live in the neighbouring village. It would be nice if you paid me ................................... some-
time.
4. I paid very little ................................... to what I heard.
5. The latest scientific discoveries raise ................................... about earlier theories.
6. His tearful family came to pay their last ................................... .
7. Nobody knew who had stolen the money but her strange behaviour raised ............................. .
8. The increase of crime raised ................................... among the population.
104 READ, READ, READ
Task Look at the dictionary extracts below. Choose the definition which most
closely agrees with the meaning of the word in the text.
1. SPORT (par B)
a) Physical activity done for exercise or
amusement: She plays a lot of sport.
b) A particular game or pastime: Hockey! foot-
ball and tenllis are a/l sports.
c) Amusement, fun: do sth for sport; say sth in
sport, ie not seriously
d) Have or wear sth proudly for others to see:
She sForted a diamond ring.
e) Play about, amuse oneself: Dolphins were
sportillg about ill the water.
2. DUE (pm C)
3. DUE (pm I)
a) Owed as a debt or obligation: Have they
been paid the mOlley due to them?
b) Requiring immediate payment: My rellt isn!t
due till Monday.
c) Scheduled, arranged, expected: The train is
due (ie scheduled to arrive) in five minutes.
d) Suitable, right, proper: After due considera-
tioll they made a decision.
4. ORDER (pm D)
a) Give order to, command: The doctor ordered
me to stay in bed.
b) Request sb to bring food, drink, etc in a
hotel, restaurant, etc: Fve ordered a steak.
c) Put (sth) in order, arrange: I must have time
to order my thoughts.
5. WAY (17m G)
a) Place for walking, travelling, etc along: a
way across the fields
b) Route (to be) taken in order to reach a
place: the best; quickest; etc way from A to B
c) Method or style of doing sth: What is the
best way to clean this?
d) Particular aspect of sth: She helped us ill
every possible way.
6. MEAN (par G)
a) Signify sth: What does this it'Drd mean?
b) Intend sb/sth to be sb/sth: She was never
meant to be a teacher.
c) Unkind, nasty: It \Vas meall of yOU to eat all
the food.
d) Midway between two extremes, average:
the mean annual temperature
7. ACT (par J)
a) Do sth, perform actions: The time for talkil1g
is past; ire must act at ol1ce.
b) Do what is expected of one as an official
person: The police refi/sed to act trithout more
evidellce.
c) Perform a part in a play or film: Who is act-
ing Hamlet?
8. CONCERN (11m J)
a) Worry, anxiety: There is 110 collsideraMe con-
cern for their safety.
b) Thing that is important or interesting to
sb: What are your main concerns as a writer?
c) Company, business: the giant German chemi-
cal concern! Hoechst
Task Match each underlined phrasal verb with an expression of similar meaning
from the box below by writing a)-e) in the boxes on the right. Then use the phrasal
verbs to complete the sentences below (1-5).
a) examine sth • b) prove to be sth • c) happen • d) take place • e) arrive
It may be offensive to some people and it will not go ahead. (par D) D
... the magical way all this turns out all right in the end. (par G) D
I will be looking into.. . D
... how this came about. (par H) D
It is like Father Christmas turning up in a limousine wearing a business suit. (par I) D
READ, READ, READ 105
1. Can you tell me how the accident ................................... ?
2. His disappearance is being ................................... by the police.
3. We invited her to dinner but she didn't even bother to ................................... .
4. Despite the bad weather the garden party will .................................... .
5. If the day ................................... to be wet we may have to change our plans.
Task The verbs in the box are taken from the text. These verbs + a preposition can
make phrasal verbs. Find one verb for each box which can be used with the given
prepositions and meanings.
come • go • look • turn
after Take care of oneself/sb
1. ................... .
forward to
through
up
down
down
2. ................... out
3 ................... ,
4 .................. ..
over
to
across
back
round
up
for
off
off
out with
Expect sth with pleasure
Examine or read sth quickly
Search for (a word or fact) in a dictionary or reference book
Refuse sb's request or offer
Adjust (a cooker, radio, etc) to reduce the heat, noise, etc
Produce
Do business worth (a specified amount)
Go to sb/sth for help, advice, etc
Meet or find sbl sth by chance
Become popular, successful or fashionable again
Visit sb or a place
Be mentioned or discussed, arise
Choose sth
Make a sudden, loud noise, be sounded
Become unfit to eat or drink, go bad
Spend time with sb and have a romantic relationship with him
Task Fill in the gaps in the sentences below. In each case choose one expression
from the box. Use the correct form of the verbs.
come across • come back • come round • come up •
go for • go off (2x) • go out with • look after • look through • look forward to •
turn down • turn out • turn over • turn to
1. The subject ................................... in conversation.
2. The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm ................................... .
3. Who will ................................... the children while their mother is in hospital?
106 READ, READ, REAl:
4. The tactory ................................... 900 cars a week.
5. Terry has been ................................... Sharon for six weeks.
6. We are so much ................................... seeing you again.
7. She ................................... her notes before the examination.
8. He asked Jane to marry him but she ......................... him .......... .
9. Miniskirts are starting to ................................... .
10. The more depressed he got, the more he ................................... drink.
11. I .................................. an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.
12. Don't drink this milk. It has .................................... .
13. The company ................................... £150 million a year.
14. Why don't you ................................... to my flat this evening?
15. I think I'll ................................... the fruit salad.
Task Find the expressions in the text which could replace the underlined
expressions in the following letter. Write the words in the spaces provided.
1 ............................................ . 2 ............................................ . 3 ............................................ .
4 ........................................... . 5 ............................................ . 6 ............................................ .
7 ........................................... . 8 ............................................ . 9 ............................................ .
10. ........................................... 11. ............................................ 12 ................................. .
13 ........................................... .
Dear Est-f.w)
Two days a:Jo I umtt to tlth fi!:muy
wltue., I saw two WOuteI-'U wi.f:h. a., Lot
of used CD (fUll" F) toys arowtd
At pst I flwtd it straJ1je., tIw.i:
JroWf1rupi (2) (fUll" H) wen pfayUtj
wittv toys but I rea.,/ised tluy we.n
a., @ (fUll" j). Half
aJt, hour Wer I saw they were., ift,
fact @) (fUll" F) a., 1ttI..twt.ty
Sc.eltb. TIth cJ.r.iid ® (fUll" B) jMUS
Iw.d a., pwtk h.a.irstyih ® (fUll" I)
a..J.tti MtUJ was a., Ciltdy dd.L! Her
It.usba..J.tti (j) (fUll" B)) j 0 sepf.v was a.,
Km toy a..J.tti tlth three, Wue., Mm
were., Maders of tIt.& Ultive.rse., toys!
AftjeM (Barbw,.') were.,
above., ® (fUll" B) a..J.tti a., Lot of
toy were., arowtd It was r&Uly ® (fUll" (])!
1ft, tlth I toLd my about tIt.& Scelth. slth tlWtks it u ® (fUll" D) a..J.tti petJpk should
fMY @ (fUll" I) to Cwi1tialti.ty.
it u r&Uly cmy e.,xtrMrdituuy © (fUll" (]). Couw a..J.tti see, it.
Love.,

P.I.: UttjortUJ.U1.i:e!y wil.L IWt be., abih to see, it. IIw .. .vejust f.veard tIw.i: tIt.& dUpfay Iuu bUft,/orbi.tJ.del..v ©
(fUll" c). I'Udrawit for yo"0 O.K.?
READ, READ, READ 107
Task Compare Sophie's drawing with paragraph B of the article and find
the 3 differences. Write them in the spaces below.
1 ............................................................................................................................................................. .
2 ............................................................................................................................................................. .
3 ............................................................................................................................................................. .
Task In Column A you can find words from the text. Fill the gaps in Column B with
the correct form of each word.
Column A Column B
1. COUNCILLOR The local ................................... is in charge of repairing roads.
2. TO COMPLAIN It is a common ................................... that children lack discipline.
3. TO BAN There was no ................................... on smoking cigarettes.
4. VALUE They could give ................................... help and practical advice.
5. TO EXPAND He studies the ................................... of gases.
6. TO GAIN One man's loss is another man's .................................. .
7. AUTHORITY I have ................................... him to act for me while I am away.
8. EXHIBITION The young painter has ................................... his work in several galleries.
9. TO APPRECIATE Please accept this gift in .............................. of all you have done for us.
10. TO SPEAK He made a very boring after-dinner .................................. .
Grammar reminder - May • Might • Should • Would
Task Study the following simplified sentences from the text. Use may, might,
should or would in the sentences below.
II feel it may 17e offensive to some people ... 1 (par D)
ISome of the values associated with the toys might l10t be ones we would wallt to ellCOllrtlge. 1 (/hi( E)
Due reverel1ce should be paid to Chris(s child ... (par J)
It was quite a modern exhibition al1d some might appreciate it but other people might be otfel1ded. I (f1ar J)
1. She .................... rather earn less money than spend extra time at work.
2. He said that you .................... make five copies.
3 ..................... we camp in your field, please?' 'Of course, you .................... but you mustn't light
open fires.'
4. If you believed their excuses, you .................... be a fool.
5. She .................... have caught the early train. If so, she'll be here at any moment now.
6 ..................... anyone ask for me, please say that I'll be back in an hour.
7 ..................... you make some tea, please?
8. For the little extra it'll cost, we .................... just as well stay for another night.
108 READ, READ, READ
Follow-up activities
1. a) Discuss in pairs or in small groups what you think about the display and how
people reacted to it.
b) Hold an open council meeting about banning or allowing the display. Use the
information in the article but you can also invent details. Possible roles:
• Representative of the library
• Vicar
• Leader of county council • Representative of parents
• The artist(s) • Other
2. a) Write a letter of complaint to the local council against the display, which you
heard would be on display in a few days' time. Give your reasons for rejecting
the idea of a display of this kind. (100-150 words)
b) Write a letter to the local newspaper in defence of the display and protest
against banning it. Give your reasons why it should not have been banned.
(100-150 words)
c) Write a composition describing what you think about banning pieces of art
referring to the particular case of the nativity scene. (150-200 words)
d) Reply to Sophie's letter in Task 14. Give your opinion on what she wrote about.
Describe an exhibition/display/performance you have recently seen and liked/
disliked very much. (150-200 words)
READ, READ, READ 109
UNIT 14
Europe votes to ban tobacco adverts
Before you read
Task Discuss the following questions in pairs or in small groups.
1. What do you know about the history of smoking?
2. How does nicotine affect the human body (heart, lung, brains, skin, voice, fertility, tasting)?
3. How does smoking affect non-smokers?
4. Why do many young people start smoking?
5. Why is it difficult to give up smoking?
6. List the methods/techniques how people may try to quit smoking.
7. What advice could you give to people who would like to quit smoking?
Task Check if you understand what the following expressions mean before you
read the text.
(v) rorbid
i
order IlOt to do sth
reiterate
~ ( ) t - -
~
blatantly
110
(v) say agaill
several times
directive
(adv) obviously
and without caring
abstain
(II) c7 period or time esp. or
a (ormal agreemellt
(v) retllse to
take part
(/1) order
wlzich gives genertll or
detailed illStructiolls
subsidize
(v) to give money to an
industry which needs help
READ, READ, READ
Read the text
Europe votes to ban tobacco adverts
By Toby Heim
t
EU correspondent in Brussels
EUROPE's health ministers voted last night to
ban tobacco advertising throughout the EU
after agreeing that Formula One motor racing
could be exempted for eight years.
Under the deal, reached after a day of frantic
negotiations in Brussels, newspapers and mag-
azines will be allowed to continue advertising
tobacco products for the next four years.
Tessa Jowell, the public health minister,
described the outcome as a "very good deal for
public health". She said:" We have got the pro-
tection we are seeking and the flexibility for
Formula One and we are delighted."
Padraig Flynn, the E U commissioner for
social affairs, described it as a huge day for the
health of the European Community.
After 12 hours of talk, the 15 ministers agreed
the package allowing countries three years to
implement a general ban on tobacco advertising,
after the law comes into effect next year.
Newspapers will be allowed a further year
before they have to end advertising.
Sponsorship of sporting and other events
can continue for two more years, giving them
a five-year exemption.
Formula One benefits from an additional
clause giving events organised" at world level"
a further three-year period of grace.
Ms Jowell had made an initial bid for
Formula one to be exempted for 10 years. (00 .).
Under the terms of the directive, tobacco
advertising will be allowed only at the point
of sale of specialist magazines.
Germany and Austria were the only two
countries to vote against the ban. Denmark
and Spain abstained.
Spain had earlier thrown the complex arith-
metic of voting into chaos by withdrawing
support for the move and announcing it
would abstain. EC officials said this would
wreck the deal.
READ, READ, READ
During angry scenes at the Council of
Ministers building, Germany, Europe's largest
cigarette producer, was being accused of back-
stage deals with Madrid.
One theory was that Spain was offered
guarantees by Bonn that it would not push for
reductions in the huge sums of EU aid to
Spain during negotiations on expansions of
the community in return for Madrid's last
minute switch.
The move by Spain meant that unless
Britain and Greece - which was also threaten-
ing to vote against - could be won round, the
directive would fall.
In order to win Greece's support, the
Luxembourg presidency agreed to ease pro-
posed restrictions on advertising in front of
shops that sell tobacco products.
The German health mInlster, Horst
Seehofer, reiterated Bonn's opposition to the
proposed ban, which he said was "blatantly
contradictory", with the EU's payment of
more than a billion dollars a year to subsidise
tobacco production. ( ... )
Ms Jowell had argued that unless Formula
One was given a lengthy period to find non-
tobacco sponsorship, the sport would simply
move to Asia with the loss of thousands of
jobs in Britain and other EU states.
Luxembourg also revised a section of the
directive designed to prevent companies mar-
keting cigarettes and other products, such as
clothes, drinks or perfumes, under the same
name.
The move aimed to prevent other com-
panies following the lead of Marlboro and
Camel, which have established clothes lines in
order to promote their cigarettes.
(Daily Telegraph)
111
Check your understanding
Task Indicate in the chart how each country voted on the issue of banning
tobacco advertising. Complete the chart using information from the text.
Country
Austria
Britain
Denmark
Germany
Greece
Luxembourg
Spain
Voted yes Didn't vote
Task Complete the following sentences with a figure from the text.
Voted no
1. There is/are ............. year(s) until the law on tobacco advertising comes into force.
2. Member countries will have ............. year(s) to implement the ban.
3. Magazines and newspapers will have to stop advertising cigarettes in ............. years' time.
4. Advertising at sports events will be allowed for ............. year(s) after the general ban is intro-
duced.
5. World events will be exempted for ............. year(s).
Task Answer the following questions in no more than eight words.
1. Why was it important to give an exemption to Formula One?
2. Where will they allow tobacco advertising after the full force of the law comes into effect?
3. What caused uncertainty at the end of the negotiations?
4. Why does Germany oppose the ban?
5. What might have made Spain change its opinion at the last minute?
6. How did they try to influence Greece's opinion/decision?
7. What does the German Health Minister think about the ban?
112 READ, READ, READ
8. Why was it important to keep Formula One in Europe?
9. How can tobacco companies promote their brands without advertising cigarettes?
Vocabulary development
Task Fill in the chart with the correct forms of the given words from the text.
Verb
advertise
propose
reVise
prevent
promote
Noun(s) Noun (person) Adjective
negotiation
protection
additional
initial
restriction
presidency
expansIOn
Task Fill the gaps in the following sentences with the correct form of the words in
the box.
expansion • initiative • negotiation • presidency • promote • propose •
protection • restriction • revise
1. There will be a ......................... election in the US next year.
2. Driving is ......................... to 130 km an hour on the highway in Hungary.
3. The ......................... on cutting marketing costs has been rejected.
4. To get the job you must be motivated and must show ......................... .
5. No compensation will be paid unless they wore ......................... clothes.
6. If you are expected to ......................... with people from South America, it is highly advisable
to learn about their culture.
7. The company has ......................... its trading activities into the neighbouring countries.
8. Several ......................... had to be made to the plan.
9. In Japan ......................... is related to seniority.
READ, READ, READ 113
Task Match the words in Column A with the definitions in Column B by writing 1-9
in the boxes provided. Some words have more than one meaning. One is done for you.
Column A Column B
1. outbreak
D
a) the outer areas of a town
2. outcome
D
b) person visiting a hospital for treatment but not living there
3. outfit
D
c) set of clothing or equipment used for a special purpose
4. outskirts [I]
5. outlet
D
6. outline
D
7. outlook
D
8. outpatient
D
9. output
D
D
D
D
D
d) effect or result
e) sudden and violent breaking out
f) a way out, e. g. for water
g) quantity of goods produced
h) line which shows shape
i) what seems likely to happen
j) a shop
k) view on which one looks out
1) the information produced from a computer
m) the main points, e. g. for an essay or lecture
Task Use the following linking expressions to combine the half-sentences in
Columns A and B. The sentences are jumbled.
ColumnA
1. Nicotine is an addictive poison
2. Tobacco smoke is packed with poi-
sons
3. These diseases are not always fatal
4. Carbon monoxide is released
5. Smokers are more likely to die
6. Sidestream smoke also contains
harmful substances
7. You will enjoy food much more
8. You should stop smoking immedi-
ately
Column B
WHICH a) you can reduce the risk of heart disease.
THAT b) they can affect the quality of your life.
BUT
WHEN
BEFORE
AS
c) it is not filtered.
d) you can really taste again.
e) makes the heart beat faster.
f) tobacco burns.
BECAUSE g) they retire.
h) can damage the heart and blood ves-
SO THAT sels.
Task Fill the gaps with the words in the box below. You may have to use the same
word more than once.
against • at • for • from • into • of • on • with
1. The ban ............ advertising will not come ............ force this year.
2. Padraig Flynn agrees ............ the public health minister that it was a good deal.
3. Sporting events will be exempt ............ a few more years.
114 READ, READ, READ
4. Advertising will be allowed ............ the point of sale only.
5. Some countries voted ............ the ban for economic reasons.
6. Germany has been accused ............ concluding a private deal with Spain.
7. The ban is contradictory ............ some other EU decisions.
8. Formula One can benefit ............ the flexibility of the package.
Grammar reminder - Infinitive and -in9 structures •
Conditional
Task Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with the appropriate form of the
verbs given. You will have to use either the infinitive or the -in9 form of the verbs.
1. Newspapers and magazines can continue ........................... tobacco products for a few more
years. (PROMOTE)
2. Luxembourg agreed ........................... restrictions on advertising. (EASE)
3. The agreement will allow tobacco companies ........................... their products at Formula One.
(ADVERTISE)
4. They want to prevent companies ........................... clothing products under the brand names
of cigarettes. (LAUNCH)
5. Germany and Austria decided ........................... no to the ban. (SAY)
6. Luxembourg's proposal aimed ........................... Greece's support. (WIN)
7. When the law comes into full force, it will allow ........................... only at the point of sale.
(ADVERTISE)
8. Germany was accused of ........................... a backstage deal with Spain. (MAKE)
9. Many people think they should end ........................... alcoholic drinks as well. (ADVERTISE)
10. Some countries were threatening ........................... against the ban at the very last minute.
(VOTE)
Task Choose the best alternative a-c) to complete the sentences below.
1. Unless Britain and Greece could be won round, the directive ............... fall.
a) would
b) will
c) should
2. If Formula One .................... given enough time to find sponsorship,
the sport would move to Asia.
a) wouldn't be
b) wasn't
c) hadn't been
3. If Greece .................... against the proposal, the deal could have been wrecked.
a) voted
b) had voted
i c) would vote
READ, READ, READ 115
4. If car racing moves to Asia, Britain .................... many jobs.
a) loses
b) will lose
c) would lose
5. Many people wish they .................... smoking.
a) had never started
b) could never start
c) never started
6. If his wife hadn't supported him, he .................... smoking.
a) couldn't have given up
b) wouldn't be able to give up
c) wouldn't have been able to give up
7. Some people think fewer young people ................... if cigarettes were more expensive.
a) would smoke
b) smoked
c) can smoke
8. [wish anti-smoking campaigns .................... more successful.
a) would be
h) were
c) can be
Follow-up activities

\." 1. Give your opinion about the following statements. Work in small groups.
a) Children are more likely to smoke if their parents do.
b) Nicotine is addictive like alcohol or drugs.
c) Civing up smoking is a matter of will-power.
d) Advertising is often unethical because it tries to manipulate people.
2. Write a paragraph of approximately 120-150 words for the Readers' Page of your
daily paper. Tell them if you agree or disagree with the opinion below. Give your
reasons.
Det1.Y .................................. .
Irv yuterdAys- paper you." 1
uoted

of tV cot11fMY wIw raid to "If you." btU{, advertuUtj, you." dwuld
btU{, advertuUtj a.JUi rweei:r or driftk£ tU weft. Tluy aUo bad for
Ite..:Uttv. "
I tltiltk ...
116 READ, READ, READ
3. Look at the advertisement below. Discuss in pairs or in small groups what
it suggests and if you find it effective.
4. Find an advertisement in a magazine. Discuss the following questions in small
groups.
• What product does it advertise
c
What information can you find in the advertisement ahout
the
• Who/What target group is the advertisement aimed
• How does the advertiser try to promote sales in this advertisement?
• Do you find it effective
c
• How can you improve the advertisement?
READ, READ, READ 117
KEYS
UNIT 1
Swissair Intensifies Unicef Commitment
Task 1
1c • 2a • 3d • 4b
Task 3
1c • 2b • 3a
Task 4
1. Swissair • 2. collections· 3. idea • 4. passenger • 5. passenger • 6. change • 7. envelopes • 8. envelopes
Task 5
1. noun· 2. noun • 3. noun • 4. verb • 5. noun • 6. verb • 7. verb • 8. verb • 9. noun • 10. verb
Task 6
1. support· 2. campaign· 3. place • 4. experience· 5. change • 6. land • 7. hands • Not used: return, trip
Task 7
1. intensive· 2. commit· 3. expansion· 4. flying· 5. collection • 6. contribution • 7. improvement •
8. content
Task 8
1. over· 2. be carried out/take place· 3. approximately· 4. coins • 5. amount· 6. hand • 7. flight at-
tendant • 8. entire • 9. turned over· 10. worldwide
Task 9
1. As of • 2. within the framework • 3. The idea behind • 4. instead of • 5. For this purpose·
6. Thanks to
Task 10
1. The professor was hit by three snowballs.
2. These bottles cannot be opened easily by children.
3. His oral exam was being discussed right in front of him by his teachers.
4. A love letter had been slipped under the door.
5. The fines will be collected on Tuesday
6. All the homemade cookies have been eaten by my son.
7. Pat is being interviewed at the moment.
8. That door mustn't be used by customers.
9. A road was built right outside her front door by the government.
10. His birthday will be celebrated on Saturday
UNIT 2
Boxers teach bullied pupils to hit back
Task 2
Water
Athletic sports
Team
sports sports
Winter
Fighting sports
Country
sports sports
diving high-jump basketball ice-hockey aikido fishing
rowing long-jump football skating boxing golf
sailing horse-riding handball skiing judo horse-riding
surfing running ice-hockey karate hunting
'<wimming throwing the volleyball wrestling shooting
water-polu
iavelin water-polo
READ, READ, READ
121
1
2
2
Task 3
1. boxing coach/social worker • 2. social worker/boxing coach • 3. boxing club· 4. females/girls/
women • 5. have been bullied/are being bullied • 6. defend • 7. their self-confidence/self-esteem •
8. hates • 9. given/taught • 10. rules • 11. into shape • 12. their heads high
Task 4
1. Women-Only boxing club • 2. youngsters • 3. (bullied) kids • 4. son of a primary-school teacher •
5. primary-school teacher • 6. primary-school teacher's daughter • 7. son of a primary-school teacher •
8. kids
Task 5
1. female • 2. confidence • 3. sparring • 4. handle· 5. subsequently • 6. work out • 7. don· 8. boost
Task 6
1. advocate of • 2. boost • 3. surrounding • 4. subsequently • 5. desire· 6. balance • 7. inflicting
Task 7
1. defence· 2. equipment • 3. movement • 4. judge • 5. impression· 6. society • 7. pressure·
8. enJoyable
Task 8
1. away • 2. off • 3. on • 4. over • 5. round • 6. through • 7. after • 8. in • 9. off • 10. off • 11. over •
12. up • 13. up • 14. to
Task 9
1. take • 2. get • 3. taken • 4. taken • 5. took· 6. get· 7. takes • 8. get • 9. take • 10. getting •
11. take· 12. getting· 13. got
Task 10
I. by • 2. to • 3. back· 4. ~ • 5. u p / ~ • 6. out • 7. on • 8. up • 9 into
Task 11
1. All the neighbours can hear him sing opera arias in the bathroom.
2. Nobody saw the car crash into the wall.
3. I saw them walk/walking hand in hand.
4. We could hear them quarrel/quarrelling last night.
5. Her parents didn't notice her come home.
Task 12
1. This is believed to be the best solution.
2. He is thought to earn a fortune in his new position.
3 He is considered to be a good maths teacher.
4. Top managers are thought to have a comfortable life.
5. He is thought to have died at the front.
6. Maths and physics are considered to be difficult subjects.
7. Peter was believed to have stolen the bicycle.
Task 13
1. to defend • 2. to tell • 3. quitting ... moving • 4. wrestling • 5. to drink • 6. bullying· 7. to join •
8. to play • 9. turning • 10. dancing • 11. to enter • 12. smoking • 13. to say • 14. talking
122
READ, READ, READ
Task 1
Mammals
bear
dolphin
donkey
antelope
mouse
lion
fox
giraffe
sheep
guinea-pig
Task 3
Reptiles
lizard
snake
crocodile
turtle
UNIT 3
Good Eggs
Birds
turkey
swallow
duck
parrot
eagle
sparrow
Fish
salmon
carp
1. F • 2. T • 3. F • 4. T • 5. F • 6. T • 7. F
Task 4
1. The skin of a dino embryo.
2. a) How they developed.
b) Their behaviour.
3. A set of embryos representing development.
Insects
mosquito
butterfly
4. It's not threatened by development/poachers. / It has been made a reserve.
5. Development or poachers may destroy it. / The place may be destroyed.
Task 5
Mollusks
snail
octopus
1. fossil • 2. flood plain • 3. skeleton • 4. exquisitely • 5. specimen· 6. clue· 7. hatch· 8. fend for
oneself • 9. poacher • 10. paleontologist
Task 6
1 b • 2a • 3a • 4a • 5b • 6a
Task 7
1. dubbed • 2. deposits • 3. stage· 4. relatives· 5. recover· 6. reserve • 7. stage • 8. deposit •
9. relative • 10. recovered • 11. dubbed • 12. reserve
Task 8
Expression
in the text
1. announced
2. preserved
3. excites
4. scientists
5. construct
6. representing
Verb
announce
preserve
excite
construct
Noun Adjective
announcer, announcement
preserve, preservation
excitement, excitedness excited, exciting
science, scientist scientific
constructor, construction constructive
representative, representation representative
7. threatened
represent
threaten threat threatening, threatened
8. established establish establishment
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3
3
4
Task 9
1. announcer • 2. preserve • 3. excitement • 4. scientific • 5. construction • 6. representatives •
7. threatening • S. establishment
Task 11
1. The discovery anno/inced last week caused a great excitement in the world.
2. The eggs deposited along a f700d plain were found by an international expedition.
3. The fossils recovered alollg a flood Flaln 111 Argel1llna are 70 to 90 million years old.
4. The site d/ibbed Auca /\;]ahuel'o is situated near to a river in Argentina.
5. The embryo skin found III Argentina will help scientists understand how dinosaurs changed as they grew.
6. The rccoI'ered specimens may enable scientists to construct a complete "ontological series".
7. There are many fossil beds threatened by development and poachers in the world.
S. The new/v est?l/Jlished dinosaur reserve will attract both scientists and tourists in the future.
UNIT4
Drunken wife's smash with police
Task 2
Task 3
19 • 2c • 31 • 4k • 5e • 6j • 7f • Sa • 9h • lOb • IIi • 12d
124 READ, READ, READ
1
Task 4
Text 1 Text 2 Both Neither
1. What is Ms Forbes' job? ,/ charity
worker/fund
raiser
2. Which road was Ms Forbes
,/ Al
driving on?
3. How fast was she driving
before the accident?
4. How fast was the police car ,/ 100 mph
driving before the accident?
5. Where was the police car ,/ to an accident
going to before the accident?
6. Was Ms Forbes hurt in the
accident?
7. Was anyone in the police car ,/ the driver
hurt in the accident?
8. How many times did she go ,/ three
around the roundabout?
9. Where had she drunk the two ,/ a charity night/
bottles of wine? a party/Sowerby
10. What did Ms Forbes tell her
husband at the party?
11. How far does Ms Forbes live ,/5 miles
from 1. the place of the party?
12. Had she recently caused oth- ,/ No (clean
er car accidents? driving record)
Task 5
1. heading for· 2. drink-drive limit • 3. traffic sign· 4. depression· 5. disqualified
Task 6
1. (par A)
2. (pm B)
3. (title at Text 2)
4. (par F)
5. (pm L)
6. (par M)
7. (pm AI)
Task 7
Column A
smashed in to
crashed into
hit
struck
was clipped
hit
crashing into
Column B
a drunk woman & a police car
she & a road sign
wrong-way driver & police car
a woman & a police car
her Ford Escort & a police Volvo estate
the police car & the central crash barrier
Forbes & a traffic sign
1. excess • 2. injury· 3. charity· 4. scene • 5. court • 6. accident • 7. report· 8. community
service • 9. limit • 10. probation • 11. jail • 12. injury
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4
4
Task 8
1. attended • 2. received • 3. suffer • 4. pleaded • 5. accept • 6. banned • 7. hear • 8. expect •
9. put· 10. arrested • 11. ordered • 12. defended • 13. headed • 14. spin
Task 9
Traffic --------.,--------- Law
Road Car
northbound police car
carnageway tyre
road sign driver
dual
carnageway
traffic sign
central crash
barrier
roundabout
Task 10
Accident Person
injury judge
crash
scene
smash
spin around
hit
struck
clipped
Traffic law
blood alcohol limit
driving record
drink-drive limit
dangerous driving
excess alcohol
Decision Place
arrest court
ban jail
probation
disqualify
community
serVIce
1. at • 2. in • 3. for • 4. in • 5. away· 6. towards· 7. up/along • 8. into • 9. near • 10. to •
11. at • 12. over • 13. around • 14. along/up • 15. on • 16. around • 17. into • 18. over • 19. in •
20. from
Task 11
1 i • 2f • 3b • 4h • 5a • 6c • 7 d • 8e • 9g
Task 12
1. carry ... through· 2. set off • 3. ended off • 4. setting ... against· 5. carried off • 6. set up •
7. end up • 8. Carryon • 9. ended in
Task 13
Simple Past
drove, struck, carried on, went,
crashed, drank
Task 14
Past Continuous Past Perfect
was travelling, was suffering had attended, had expected
1. was • 2. was falling • 3. was sitting • 4. was feeling • 5. had just heard • 6. had won • 7. was
thinking • 8. pulled
126 READ, READ, READ
UNIT 5
Butt seriously this is worth £ 1,500
Task 3
1. NS • 2. F • 3. T • 4. NS • 5. F • 6. T • 7. T • 8. T
Task 4 (suggested answers)
1. An auction house.
2. They were rubbish.
3. Evian mineral water.
4. A (Winston) cigarette
5. Two cushion covers.
6. Less than £2,500.
Task 5
1 a • 2h • 3e • 41 • 5k • 6c • 71 • 8f • 9d • 109 • 11 b • 12i
Task 6
1. butt/cigarette end • 2. hat/boater • 3. glasses/spectacles • 4. mat/rug •
5. sign/autograph • 6. sell for/go for/make/fetch
Task 7
1. adorned • 2. demand· 3. Customers· 4. straw boater • 5. item· 6. fist· 7. cushions •
8. respected· 9. eager· 10. mat
Task 8
1. to • 2. in • 3. for • 4. to • 5. on • 6. in • 7. to/for· 8. with • 9. on • 10. up • 11. for • 12. under
Task 9
1. Memorabilia offered for sale by two former housekeepers was branded "discarded rubbish" by the
smger.
2. This gnarled-looking Winston was snatched by the boxer now known as Muhammad Ali from the
mouth of boxing historian Hank Kaplan ...
3 ... ' a pair of the boxer's old training wraps (used to protect his fists) were snapped up for £400 ..
4. This black lacquered Chinese-style box was used by Hendrix to stash his drugs ...
5 ... , a pair of Lennon's spectacles - was recently sold by Bonhams for £2,070.
Task 10
1. was smoked by John Lennon.
2. was signed by the Beatles.
3. were offered for sale by the housekeepers
4. is/was adorned by a trace of lipstick
5. was worn by Madonna on a tour in 1987
6. were made by Burdon's wife
7. was filled in and signed by Lennon
Task 11
1. When my aunt died all her paintings were sold at an auction.
2. $79 million was paid for a Renoir at Chrisite·s.
3. The old photos and letters have never been recovered.
4. A lot of nice furniture can still be found in English country houses.
5. Very few masterpieces are sold at auction houses these days.
6. Two cushion covers were made for Hendrix by Eric Burdon's wife.
7. Most of the carpets and rugs are woven by young children in some countries.
8. A lot of tests have been done to find out if it is really as old as they say.
9. The auctioneer says he is not sure that all the items will be bought.
10. The house must be offered for sale if we want to pay all our debts.
11. The walls should be painted before you move in.
READ, READ, READ
5
127
5
Follow-up 1
A painting by Van Gogh - $82 million
A tin replica of the 1966 World Cup - £254,500
A stale slice of the Duke of Windsor's wedding cake - £16,500
Dr Crippen's watch - £10,300
The footballer Eric Cantona's strip - £2,185
UNIT 6
Dentist's painful way to extract payment
Task 2
Id • 2c • 3g • 4f • 5b • 6a • 7e
Task 3
la • 2c • 3c • 4b • 5a • 6c • 7b • 8c
Task 4
1. breach ... confidentiality • 2. charge patients • 3. received treatment • 4. keep .. appointments •
5. clear ... debts • 6. provide ... incentive
6 Task 5
1. publish • 2. displaying· 3. collection agency· 4. pay up • 5. chance • 6. declined • 7. objection
Task 6
1. movement, imprisonment • 2. actor, sailor • 3. action, creation, exhibition· 4. royalist, novelist, biol-
ogist, exhibitionist • 5. royalty, certainty • 6. bankruptcy, infancy • 7. patience, tolerance
Task 7
1. up • 2. off • 3. off • 4. up • 5. out • 6. back • 7. out· 8. over
Task 8
1. fall • 2. write • 3. hit • 4. paid· 5. hit • 6. written • 7. paid • 8. fell
Task 9
1. in • 2. for • 3. on • 4. out • 5. at • 6. back • 7. with • 8. after/for· 9. out • 10. off • 11. for • 12. of •
13. for • 14. for • 15. for/of • 16. across· 17. to • 18. through
Task 10
1f • 2g • 3a • 4h • 5d • 6c • 7b • 8e
Task 11
Health: painful, to extract, dentist, patient, surgery, dental treatment, health watchdog, patient confiden-
tiality, waiting room, tooth, to receive treatment, dental profession, hypnosis technique, to relax, injec-
tion, appointment, dental practice, to practise
Payment: pay up, debt, warning letter, debt collector, to clear debts, debtor, collection agency, balance, to
write off, to charge, to cost, bill, financially
Task 12
1. Why don't you get Nicole to come to the party'-
2. I couldn't get the car to start this morning.
3. He got his sister to help him with his homework.
4. You will never get him to understand.
5. Could you get your parents to buy you a horse for Christmas?
6. We will get some friends to look after our dog while we are away.
128 READ, READ, READ
Task 13
1. I have my windows washed every month.
2. They had the man arrested.
3. That tooth is giving you a lot of trouble; you should have it extracted.
4. They couldn't find a house to suit them so they will have a new one built.
5. I am having my shoes repaired.
6. If you hate cleaning fish why don't you have them cleaned in the shop?
UNIT 7
Quick gun check system crawls to a start
Task 2
1 b • 2a • 3b • 4a • 5a • 6a
Task 3
1e/h • 2h/e • 3b • 4j • 5d • 6a • 71 • Bc • 9f • 10i • 11g • 12k
Task 4
1. crawl· 2. supposed to • 3. check· 4. licensed gun dealer • 5. disqualification· 6. felony· 7. convic-
tion • B. domestic • 9. abuse • 10. purchase • 11. hunting • 12. rifle
Task 5
1a • 2a • 3b • 4a • 5b • 6b • 7a
Task 6
Verb
nationalise
reduce
lose
deal
manage
complain
own
supply
design
reason
READ, READ, READ
Noun
nation
reduction
crime
criminal
loss
loser
nerve
dealer
manager
management
complaint
complainant
owner
ownership
supply
supplier
design
designer
reason
Adjective
national
criminal
lost
nervous
managerial
reasonable
129
6
7
7
8
replace replacement
approve approval
deny denial
record record
recorder
recording
Task 7
1. nationalised • 2. reductions • 3. Crime • 4. lose· 5. nervous • 6. complaint· 7. ownership·
8. suppliers • 9. replacement • 10. approval • 11. denial· 12. recorder
Task 8
1. noun • 2. noun· 3. noun • 4. verb • 5. noun • 6. verb· 7. noun· 8. noun· 9. noun· 10. verb·
11. verb • 12. noun
Task 9
1. supplying· 2. purchased • 3. reasoning· 4. check • 5. move • 6. design 7. abuse • 8. lined •
9. range· 10. file
Task 11
If • 2g • 3a • 4h • 5b • 6c • 7 d • 8i • ge • 1 Ok • 11 j
Task 12
1. unemployed people· 2. written examination • ?\. lost property • 4. ageing society· 5. broken mar-
riages • 6. waiting list • 7. well-paid job • 8. hiding place • 9. feeding bottle • 10. running water •
11. split personality
UNIT 8
Thefts are a bad sign for tourists
Task 2
A) Cycling· B) music • C) shopping • D) Walking • E) food· F) pubs· G) literature
Task 3
1. T • 2. F • 3. NS • 4. T • 5. F • 6. F • 7. NS • 8. NS • 9. T • 10. T
Task 4
1. countryside • 2. overseas • 3. roadside· 4. outbreak • 5. crossroads • 6. placename • 7. headache·
8. endless
Task 5
1. pub· 2. county • 3. area • 4. problem
Task 6
1. named • 2. sign • 3. lacking· 4. sensed • 5. costs • 6. trouble • 7. cause • 8. targeted
Task 7
1. irons ... iron • 2. interior ... interior • 3. official ... official· 4. local ... locals· 5. quiet ... quiet
Task 8
1. wander • 2. vogue • 3. quaint • 4. obscure • 5. destination • 6. major· 7. authority •
8. spokesman • 9. environment • 10. fraught • 11. prime • 12. light-fingered • 13. area • 14. trouble
130 READ, READ, READ
Task 9
Verb Noun Noun (person) Adjective
steal, thieve theft thief stealing, stolen
attract attraction attractive
decorate decoration decorator decorative
create creation creator, creature creative
grow growth grower groWing, grown
confirm confirmation confirmed
complain complaint complainant complaining
visit visit visitor visiting, visited
suspect suspicion suspect suspicious
shorten shortage short
1. shorten· 2. complain • 3. confirmed· 4. creative • 5. thief .. thief • 6. decorator • 7. grow •
8. suspect
Task 10
1. Placenames • 2. trouble • 3. overseas· 4. unusual • 5. endless • 6. countryside • 7. suspect • 8. head-
ache • 9. destination • 10. road sign • 11. obscure/quaint/ 12. quaint/obscure • 13. fraught • 14. road
sign • 15. sense of direction· 16. baffled • 17. roadside • 18. pub • 19. local • 20. shortages
Task 12
1. haven't gone· 2. died • 3. have borrowed· 4. was • 5. haven't had • 6. have just come • 7. was·
8. feel/felt
UNIT 9
Tales of the unexpected
Task 3
1. F • 2. T • 3. F • 4. NS • 5. T • 6. F • 7. T • 8. T
Task 4
1. Being anaemic
2. Missing of periods (irregular periods)
3. Eating more than usual (Stuffing your face.)
4. Weight gain
5. Nausea/feeling queasy
6. Throwing up
7. Odd stomach flutter
8. Size of breasts
Task 5
1. Helen Essex • 2. the women who've been pregnant • 3. the women who've been pregnant· 4. preg-
nancy • 5. stomach cramps • 6. stuffing my face • 7. stomach flutter • 8. such a case
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8
9
9
10
Task 6
1. wasn't aware/didn't know • 2. degree • 3. quarters· 4. graduated • 5. stomach cramps·
6. increasing· 7. finals • 8. queasy • 9. concealed • 10. rare
Task 7
lc • 2a • 3b • 4c • 5a
Task 8
1. expectancy • 2. aware • 3. sceptical • 4. resignation • 5. graduation • 6. complaints • 7. suspect •
8. expertise
Task 9
1. of • 2. to • 3. from • 4. off • 5. of • 6. to • 7. on
Task 10
1. put a few people up/put up a few people • 2. put out the fire/put the fire out • 3. put off/put the
interviews off • 4. throw her off • 5. threw himself into work • 6. put her sickness down to drinking
too much· 7. puts out/puts 3,000 bicycles out • 8. threw away (all the opportunities) • 9. put
aside/put some of your salary aside • 10. putting hard work into improving • 11. put me out
Task 11
1. refuse • 2. have never heard • 3. felt • 4. eat • 5. had been • 6. graduated/had graduated - started •
7. will like • 8. have just decided • 9. will get • 10. had never been
Task 12
Ib • 2c • 3c • 4b • 5a • 6b • 7c • 8b • 9a • lOc
UNIT 10
Concern over the office cyberjunkies who OD on IT
Task 3
Main topic: d • Mentioned: b, c, e • Not mentioned: a, f
Task 4
1 c • 2g • 3a • .d • 5i. f • 6j • 71 • 8e • 9b, h, k
Task 5
1 b • 2c • 3c • 4a • 5b • 6a
Task 6
1. verb • 2. verb • 3. noun • 4. noun • 5. noun • 6. verb • 7. verb • 8. noun· 9. noun • 10. noun •
11. noun 12. noun
Task 7
1. show • 2. stay • 3. use • 4. mail· 5. costs • 6. surveyed • 7. feared/fears • 8. works • 9. changed
Task 8
Verb Noun
addiction
believe belief
obsess obsession
satisfy satisfaction
132
Noun (person)
addict
believer
obsessive
Adjective(s)
addictive/ addicted
believable/believing
obsessed
satisfactory/satisfying!
satisfied
READ, READ, READ
suffer
lecture
compete
press/ pressurize
gamble
Task 9
suffering
lecture/lectureship
competition
pressure
gambling
guilt/guiltiness
sufferer
lecturer
competitor
gambler
suffering
lecturing
competitive
pressing! pressed/
pressurized
gambling
guilty
1. believer • 2. Press • 3. satisfy • 4. lectures • 5. guilt • 6. addictive • 7. compete • 8. sufferers •
9. obsession • 10. gambling
Task 10
1. encountered • 2. crave • 3. detriment • 4. overdose • 5. neglects • 6. avoid • 7. strives
Task 11
1. back • 2. on • 3. up • 4. down/back • 5. in • 6. off
Task 12
1. cut· 2. Keep • 3. cut • 4. cut • 5. keep • 6. keep
Task 13
1. to • 2. out • 3. to • 4. with • 5. to • 6. for • 7. In • 8. with • 9. in • 10. at • 11. of • 12. at
Task 14
1. workaholic· 2. chocoholic • 3. shopaholic • 4. dataholic • 5. diesel-holic • 6. football-holic
Task 15
1. I am buying paint to paint my hall door.
2. They got up very early to get to the top of the hill before sunrise.
3. He opened the lions' cage to feed the lions.
4. She put a scarecrow up in the field to frighten the birds.
5. The workmen left red lights near the hole to warn motorists.
6. We had no cups but he gave us coconut shells to drink out of.
Task 16
1. I couldn't make my car start this morning.
2. Nothing will make me change my mind.
3. Onions make your eyes water.
4. Just seeing his face is enough to make me laugh.
5. The photograph makes me look about eighty.
6. I rang the doorbell several times but couldn't make anyone hear.
UNIT 11
The Life Doctor
Task 1
1. she • 2. him • 3. I • 4. her • 5. he • 6. his • 7. they • 8. him • 9. My • 10. them • 11. their •
12. themselves
Task 2
1. Edith • 2. Shirley (or Anon.) • 3. Anon. (or Shirley) • 4. Roger • 5. Jennifer • 6. Penny
READ, READ, READ
10
11
133
11
Task 4
1. F • 2. NS • 3. F • 4. NS • 5. T • 6. F • 7. T • 8. T
Task 5
1. S • 2. M • 3. A (or B) • 4. S • 5. B • 6. F • 7. S
Task 6
1. strange • 2. worried • 3. determined • 4. surprised
Task 7
Ic • 2e • 3a • 4f • 5h • 6b • 7d • 8g
Task 8
1 b • 2a • 3c
Task 9
1. a talent· 2. to throw a fit· 3. tearful • 4. before • 5. to put the phone down • 6. to take his side
Task 10
1. amazed at • 2. thrown by 3. scared of • 4. tempted by • 5. indulged by • 6. upset by
Task 11
1. thrown by • 2. scared of • 3. amazed at • 4. tempted by • 5. upset by • 6. indulged by
Task 12
1. tested • 2. stifle· 3. avoid· 4. treat· 5. noticed • 6. missed • 7. upset • 8. rebelled
Task 13
1. up • 2. round • 3. down on • 4. about· 5. off • 6. round • 7. up • 8. with
Task 14
AIIII is II 19t1Ssil'itf passive, l'eSj98llSe responsible, aitl81l8111Y' autonomous persall who decides to I'rea/:: the (amlly
f1llttcrIl. Her mother has always l'cell cOllsidered a ~ musical talellt and her sister the temj
9
e761flte>'tt tempera-
mental gellius. O'IC day Ann's sister rinf!,s [/lId tells her ill a fTHiH'- tearful I'oice that size has lost an 81'€/ltUl'd orches-
tral/ol,. Size expects Alln to /Je ~ supportive /Jut Anll is very ~ thoughtless. Her sister gets 61-Hf;e+ angry
alld AIIII (eels ~ powerful. Next Sundav without any explanation she misses the (amlly IUllch /Jut her mother is
1I0t Ilysteri61 hysterical.
Task 15
-al
-ive
-less
-ful
-able/ible
-y
-ous
Task 16
natural, normal
expressive, effective
childless, friendless
truthful, beautiful
reliable, accessible
cheesy, sleepy
famous, ambitious
1. from an early age· 2. but • 3. For some reason • 4. that • 5. Normally • 6. too • 7. instead of •
8. for the first time· 9. and
Task 17
1. Harry said to his wife that he was going to see his mother that evening if he could get away from the
office a little earlier. He asked her if she had any messages for his mother.
2. The taxi driver asked the other driver angrily why he didn't go and push a baby-carriage. He added he
was not fit to drive a car.
3. Charles said that if I1she (etc) really thought he had said that about me/her, he was not surprised that
I1she was angry with him. But he assured me/her that he had not.
134 READ, READ, READ
UNIT 12
Conversations with virtual granny
Task 1
6. Virtual reality is an environment created by computer that looks like reality to a person in it.
Task 2
1j • 2f • 3c • 4e • 5i • 6h • 7a • 8b • 9g • 10d • 11k • 121
Task 3
1. T • 2. T • 3. F • 4.F • 5. T • 6. F • 7. NS • 8. T • 9. T
Task 4
1. Animated 'life' after death.
2. a) photos • b) videos • c) tapes (recordings of one's voice) • d) written material
3. a) family gossip· b) international politics
4. Teaching computers to interact naturally.
5. A complex algorythm.
6. With computerized face tracking.
7. They want to make money.
Task 6
Verb Noun (-ment) Noun (-ion)
illteract interaction
animate animation
excite excitement
equip equipment
simulate simulation
move movement
express expressIOn
develop development
anticipate anticipation
resurrect resurrection
Task 7
1. express· 2. equipment • 3. Simulation • 4. excitement • 5. anticipate • 6. develop· 7. animation •
8. move • 9. Resurrection • 10. interact
Task 8
1. recently • 2. Sadly • 3. convincing (realistic) • 4. realistically· 5. extremely· 6. merely •
7. mere/sad • 8. realistic • 9. sad • 10. convincingly
Task 9
1. verb • 2. verb· 3. noun • 4. noun • 5. noun • 6. verb • 7. noun· 8. noun
Task 10
1. relish • 2. shake • 3. supplement • 4. face • 5. screen • 6. progress • 7. prospect • 8. gossip • 9. process
READ, READ, READ 135
12
12
13
Task 11
Ib • 2b • 3a • 4b • 5a • 6a • 7a • 8b • 9b • lOa • 11b • 12b
Task 12
1. existence • 2. respond • 3. dismissed • 4. current· 5. available • 6. effort • 7. Artificial • 8. neat •
9. essence • 10. relative • 11. mass • 12. testament
Task 13
1. beyond • 2. to • 3. back • 4. in • 5. to • 6. at • 7. with • 8. in • 9. to • 10. with
Task 15
1. The computer processes a personal testament which/that was/has been written for your electronic
afterlife. / The computer will process a personal testament (which/that) you wrote/have written for
your electronic afterlife.
2. The computer will use an algorythm which/that was worked out by a team of mathematicians.
3. The computer analysed video sequences of real people who were shaking/shake hands.
4. They will use a computerized face tracking system that/which has been/was developed by Chris Taylor
from Manchester. / They will use a computerized face tracking system (which/that) Chris Taylor (has)
developed.
5. New films which/that use the animation of Marilyn Monroe may hit the box office in the near future.
6. Many people are horrified by the progress (that/which) computer scientists made in recent years. /
Many people are horrified by the progress that was made by computer scientists.
Task 16
1. ... the Leeds computer will {t1l in the missing person on its screen.
2. . .. the computer will respol1d to facial expressions.
3. . .. it will be able to chat realistically.
4. . .. they would 110t pay so much to living actors.
5. . I would 110t give any money for such purposes.
6 .... there would be no research.
7 .... they (ould spel1d more on saving people's lives.
8 .... many people would have survived the tsunami in South Asia.
9 .... they would have left he seaside before the tsunami arrived.
10 .... they will develop a new marine observation system.
UNIT 13
Punk Baby Jesus and the three Masters of the Universe
Task 3
1 b • 2a • 3d • 4a
Task 4
Likes Dislikes Not stated
1. Keith Ferrin
2. Norman Warren
3. Julia Wilson
4. Derek Dolding
5. John Banner
6. Council spokesman
7. Kate Ginn (the author of the article)
136 READ, READ, READ
Task 5
1. infant Jesus' • 2. Mary's • 3. the scene • 4. the scene • 5. the scene's • 6. values •
7. ideal of nativity • 8. Jesus • 9. the local authority • 10. the exhibition
Task 6
1. complete • 2. encourage • 3. commission • 4. appealing • 5. audience • 6. chairman • 7. impose on •
8. tale
Task 7
To pay: reverence, respects, attention, a visit, lip-service
To raise: concerns, doubts, suspicion, a fuss, fears
Task 8
1. lip-service • 2. a fuss· 3. a visit • 4. attention • 5. doubts • 6. respects· 7. suspicion· 8. fear
Task 9
1 d • 2c • 3d • 4a • 5d • 6b • 7b • 8a
Task 10
go ahead - take place (d), turns out - prove to be sth (b), looking into - examine sth (a), came about -
happen (c), turning up - arrive (e)
1. came about • 2. looked into • 3. turn up • 4. go ahead • 5. turns out
Task 11
1. look • 2. turn· 3. come • 4. go
Task 12
1. came up • 2. went off • 3. look after· 4. turns out • 5. going out with • 6. looking forward to •
7. looked through· 8. turned ... down • 9. come back • 10. turned to • 11. came across • 12. gone off •
13. turns over· 14. come round • 15. go for
Task 13
1. second-hand • 2. adults • 3. exhibition • 4. putting together • 5. infant • 6. haircut • 7. companion·
8. overhead • 9. humorous • 10. offensive· 11. reverence • 12. unusual • 13. banned
Task 14
1. The infant Jesus doesn't have a flower on his face. He has a love heart on his face.
2. There aren't any sheep but leopards and cows.
3. The kittens are not small. They are outsized.
Task 15
1. council • 2. complaint • 3. ban • 4. valuable • 5. expansion • 6. gain • 7. authorised • 8. exhibited •
9. appreciation • 10. speech
Task 16
1. would • 2. should· 3. May/Might ... may/might • 4. would • 5. may/might • 6. Should •
7. Would • 8. might
READ, READ, READ 137
13
UNIT 14
Europe votes to ban tobacco adverts
Task 3
Country Voted yes Didn't vote Voted no
Austria
../
Britain
Denmark
Germany
Greece
../
Luxembourg
../
Spain
Task 4
1. one· 2. three· 3. four • 4. two • 5. eight
Task 5
1. Because the sponsors are tobacco companies.
2. (At the point of sale) in (outside) shops, in specialist magazines.
3. That Spain decided to abstain. I Spain by withdrawing its support.
4. It's Europe's largest cigarette producer.
5. A backstage deal with Germany. I Germany's promise to support Spain in return. I Its fear of losing EV
support.
6. They eased restrictions on advertising outside shops.
7. It contradicts EV support for tobacco industry.
8. Because it provides many jobs.
9. By using the same name for other products. IBy establishing clothes lines under the same name.
Task 6
Verb Noun(s) Noun (person) Adjective
advertise advert advertiser
advertisement
negotiate negotiation negotiator
protect protection protector protective
add addition additional
additive
initiate initiative initiator initial
restrict restriction restrictive
14
propose proposal
proposition
proposer
138 READ, READ, READ
preside presidency president presidential
expand expansion expansive
revise revision reViser
prevent prevention preventive
promote promotion promoter promotional
Task 7
1. presidential • 2. restricted • 3. proposal/initiative • 4. initiative • 5. protective • 6. negotiate •
7. expanded • 8. revisions • 9. promotion
Task 8
le • 2d • 3c • 4a • 5f, j • 6h, m • 7i, k • 8b • 9g, 1
Task 9
1 - which - e
5-before-g
Task 10
2 - that - h
6 - as - c
3 - but - b
7 - because - d
1. on ". into • 2. with • 3. for • 4. at • 5. against • 6. of • 7. with • 8. from
Task 11
4 - when - f
8 - so that - a
1. promoting· 2. to ease· 3. to advertise • 4. launching • 5. to say· 6. to win • 7. advertising •
8. making • 9. advertising· 10. to vote
Task 12
la • 2b • 3b • 4b • 5a • 6c • 7a • 8b
READ, READ, READ
14
139
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The publisher and authors would like to thank the following for their kind permission to use articles and
extracts from copyright material:
Swissair Intensift'es Unicef Commitment; October 1997, Swissair Gazette
Boxers teach bullied pupils to hit back; 04 March 2001 ©The Independent, 2001
Drunken wife!s smash with police! 05 December 1997, Daily Mail
Wrollg-way driver hit police car after party! 05 December 1997©Telegraph Group Limited, 1997
Butt seriously this is worth £1;500 by John Vincent, 22 July 1997, Evening Standard
Dcntist;s pail1fid way to extract paymel1t by Brian Lironi, 17 April 1997, Scotsman
Quick gUI/ check system crawls to a start by Gary Fields, 02 December 1998, Copyright 1998, USA TODAY
International. Distributed by Tribune Media Services International
Thefts are a bad sign for tourists by Alan Murdoch, 03 May 1997©The Independent, 1997
Tales of the unexpected by Emma Cook, 13 July 1997©The Independent, 1997
Concern over the ofFce cyberjunkics who OD on IT by Chris Barrie, 09 December 1997, Copyright Guardian
Newspapers Limited, 1997
The Life Doctor by Eleanor Bailey, 13 September 1998©The Independent, 1998
COI/\'ersations with virtual gral/ny by Clive Cookson, 04 July 1998, Financial Times
JlIst add walking, 07 December 1998, Newsweek
FlIllk Baby Jesus and the three lVlasters of the Universe by Kate Ginn, 05 December 1997, Daily Mail
Euro vote to lJan tobacco adverts by Toby Heim, 05 December 1997©Telegraph Group Limited, 1997
The publisher and authors would like to thank Steven Appleby for his permission to reproduce the car-
toon "Reasons why a family won't speak to each other" and Peter Lennard for his help.
Every effort has been made to trace the owners of copyright material in this book, but we should be
pleased to hear from any copyright owner whom we have been unable to contact in order to rectify any
errors or omiSSIOns.
A szerz6k kbszbnetet mondanak mindazoknak, akik segftettek munld.jukat.
Kbszbnetet mondunk kbzepiskolai es f6iskolai kollegainknak az anyagok kipr6balasaert es a tanacsokert,
diakjainknak kritikus eszreveteleikert es btleteikert, valamint csaladunknak a turelmukert es kitartasukert.
Akademiai Kiado, 2005
A kiadasert felel6s az Akademiai Kiado IgazgatoJa
Fele16s szerkeszt6: Pomazi Gyi:ingyi
Vezet6 szerkeszt6: Kiscelli Piroska
Termekmenedzser: Sztaryne Benk6 Krisztina
Ti:irdeles: E16fej Bt
Fedelterv: Co-Libri Studio
Nyomdai munkalatok: Kaloprint Nyomda Kft., Kalocsa