INDIAN
STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN,
9 BAHADUR
NEW DELHI
Gr 3
i
:.
INSTITUTION
SHAH
ZAFAR
MARC3
110002
December 1973
Edition l 1973
( First Reprint JANUARY
1984 )
UDC 389.151 : 677.06
SP: ll-
1973
@ copyright1973
INDIAN
STANDARDS
INSTITUTION
This publication
is protected
undrr the Indim Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957 ) and
reproduction
in whole or in part by any means except with written permission
of the
publisher
shall be deemed to be an infringement
of copyright
under the said Act.
Printed
Published
b
at Goyal OffSet Printers,
by Indian
Standards
Institution,
Delhi
New Delhi
110001.
SP : 11 - 1973
RECOMMENDED SI UNlTS
FOR TEXTILES
FOREWORD
This publication which has been processed by the Physical Methodr
of Test Sectional Committee, TDC 1, the composition of which has been
given in Appendix A, had been approved for publication by the Textile
Division Council of ISI.
In textile trade and industry the measurement of various characteristics plays an important role in the analysis, quality control, sale-purchase
For easy underand checking up for compliance to the standard.
standing and interpretation of figures by different interests, it becomes
essential to changeover to a unified set of units which have been accepted
at national as well as international level. ‘I his publication has, therefore,
been issued for the guidance of users for changing over to SI system,
with a view to unifying the set-up of units in various facets of textile
trade and industry.
Wherever the SI units differ from metric units, the
metric units with which the industry is familiar have also been given.
1. SCOPE
1.1 This publication contains a list of SI units recommended for use in the
textile industry and trade.
2. TERMINOLOGY
2.1 Newton
Force which, when applied to a body having a mass
gives it an acceleration of one metre per second per second.
( N ) -
of one kilogram,
1 millinewton
( mN )
= lo5
N ( Newton )
1 kilogram force ( kgf) = 9.806 65 N ( Newton)
1 gramforce ( gf)
= 9.806 65 mN ( millinewton )
3. LIST OF UNITS
3.1 Table 1 lists the characteristics, SI units ( their metric equivalents,
wherever necessary ), abbreviations and their fields of application,
3
TABLE
1 RECOMMENDED
SI UNITS
FOR
TEXTILES
$
.
c1
( Clutuc 3.1 )
I%.
PROPERTY
(1)
1.
T__-__--_____
Unit
(5)
(6)
-
Metre
m
-
-
Millimetre
-
-
3.
4.
Width
1
Thickness
*Linear
(4)
centimetre
6.
Circumference
Narrow fabrics
Other fabri&
Samples and test specimen ( as appropriate )
Carpets, druggets, durries
( as appropriate )
Millimetre,
centimetre
Centimee-2,
metre
cm, m
-
-
( micron )
pm
mm
-
-
Delicate fabrics
Other
fabrics,
felts
tex
mtex
dtex
-
-
Yarns
Fibres
Filament
yarns
Slivers,
cordages
f Micrometre
-j Millimctre
1
density
Diameter
(7)
Fibres
Samples and test specimens ( as appropriate )
Yarns, ropes and cordages,
fabrics
mm
cm
mm, cm
ktex
5.
APPLICATION
METRIC UNITY
____h___~
AbbreviaUnit
tion
-
f Centimetre
2.
Abbreviation
(3)
f Millimetre
] Millimetre,
*
TJNITS
mm
mm, cm
(2)
Length
SI
Micrometre
1 Millimetre
Millimetre
( micron )
filament
ropes
Fibres
pm
mm
and
carpets,
-
-
Yams,
-
-
Ropes, cordages
ropes, cordages
and
7.
Threads in cloth:
Length
Number per centimetre
Number per dccimetre
ends/cm
ends/dm
Width
Number per centimetre
Number per decimetre
picks/cm
picks/dm
-
Number per centimetre
ends/cm
-
{
Number per centimetre
Number per decimetre
courses/cm
courses/dm
{
Number per centimetre
Number per decimetre
wales/cm
wales/dm
{
8.
Warp
loom
threads
in
9.
Stitches in cloth:
Length
Width
Millimetre
IO.
Stitch length
11.
Mass
area
per
unit
Grams
metre
12.
Mass
length
per
unit
Grams per metre
13.
Twist
14.
Test
or
length
15.
Breaking load
UI
per
square
Turns per centimetre
Turns per metre
gauge
Millimetre, centimetre
Newton
*For conversion of values in traditional
factors and conversion tables for yarn counts
’
-
r Woven
fabrics
appropriate
(as
-I
-
Reeds
-
mm
-
-
g/m*
-
-
I’ K ni t t ed fabrics (as
<I appropriate )
1
C
Knitted fabrics
Made-up fabricsFabrics
-
Fabrics
turns/cm
turns/m
-
-
Yams, ropes (as
priate )
mm, cm
-
-
Fibres, yarns and fabric
specimens ( as appropriate)
appro-
mN
grams force
gf
delicate
yarns
Fibres,
( skeins or individual )
N
kilogram
force
kgf
Strong varns ( individual
or skeins ), ropes and
cordages, fabrics
counts to the tex and vice versa, reference to IS : 3689-1966
shall be made.
‘ Conversion
( Contif2ucd)
%
2
,
5:
2:
TABLE
PROPER=
1
RECOMMENDED
SI UNITs
r_--___-h_
,
(4)
(3)
(2)
16.
Ereeking length
Kilometre
km
17.
Tenacity
Millinewton per tex
mN/tex
18.
or
Twist
factor
twist multiplier
r Turns per centimetre X
I
square root of tex
Turns
per metreX
square root of tex
I
-
(5)
(6)
-
-
grams force
per tex
-
turns/m X z/G%
-
Fibres, yarns ( individual
or skeins )
-
N/cm2
kilogram
force per
square
centimetre
kgf/cms
Millinewton
mN
gr?,ms force,
kdogram
force
gf, kf
20.
Tear strength
21.
Pile height
Millimetre
mm
22.
Pile density
Mass of pile yarn in
grams
per square
metre per millimetre
pile height
g/m”/mm pile
height
23.
Elastic modulus
Millinewton per tex per
unit deformation
mN/tcx/unit
deformation
.
(7)
Yarns
gf/tex
Newton per square
centimetre
more than one unit have
APPLICATION
r
Yarns ( as a$propriate
)
I
Bursting strength
N
1 Newton
fs
..
*
clr
I
Y
Contd
METRIC UNIX
_-_-h-____,
Abbrevia-’
unit
tion
turns/cm X d/tex
19.
NOTE- Where
appropriate.
FOR TEXTILES
Abbreviation
Unit
(1)
SI UNITS
-
grams force
per tex per
unit deformation
been given for one characteristic,
-
Fabrics
I
I
-
gf/tex/unit
deformation
Fabrics, (as appropriate)
Carpets
Pile carpet
Fibres, yarns, strands
any of the units may be used
SP t il- 1973
APPENDIX
A
( see Foreword )
OF PHYSICAL METHODS OF TEST
SECTIONAL COMMITTEE, TDC I
COMPOSITION
The Physical ?vlethods of Test Sectional Committee, TDC 1, which
is responsible fx processing this publication,
consists of the following:
Representing
Chairman
DR T. RADHAKRISHNAN
Indian Jute Industries’
Research
Association,
Calcutta
Vice-chairman
DR V. SUNDARAM
Cotton Technological
Bombay
Research
Laboratory
( ICAR ),
Members
DR B. L. BANERJEE ( Alfernate to
Dr T. Radhakrishnan
)
DR V. G. MIJNSHI ( Alternate to
Dr V. Sundaram )
AGRICULTURALMARKETING ADVISER Directorate
of Marketing
& Inspection
of Agriculture ), Faridabad
TO THE GOVERNMENTOF INDIA
SHRI S. JAYARAMAN ( Alternate )
The Bombay Textile Research Association,
SHRI T. V. ANANTHAN
Government
of Mysore
&RI T. S. CHANDRASEKHARIAH
Office of theJute Commissioner,
Calcutta
SHRI K. K. CHATT~RJEE
Ministry of Defence (R & D )
SHRI G. N. CHATTERJI
( Ministry
Bombay
SHRI J. N. MISRA ( Alternate)
Indian Jute Mills Association,
Calcutta
DR IJ. B. DAS
Office of the Textile Commissioner,
Bombay
SHRI I. B. DUTT
SHRI P. N. MAITRA ( Alternate )
Central Silk Board, Bombay
SHRI A. R. S. GOPALACHAR
Ahmedahad Textile Industry’s Research Association,
DR B. V. IYER
Ah medabad
SHRI B. R. SHELAT ( Alternate )
SHRI N. C. JAIN
SHRI P. B. MEHTA ( Alternafc )
DR JAI PRAKASH
SHRIMATI A. KAPLASH
\
Srmx S. P. MULLICK
SHRI I. L. PATEL
Ministry
of Defence
( DGI )
Textiles Committee, Bombay
The Silk & Art Silk Mills’ Research
Association,
Bombay
National Test House, Calcutta
Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals ( Inspection Wing), New Delhi
SHRI A. K. PRAMAHICK( Alternafe )
( Continued on page 8 )
7
c
SP : 11 - 1973
( Continuedfrom
page 7 )
Re@senting
Members
SHRI K. P. RAMAKRIJHNAPILLAY
SHRI
H.
Research
South
India
Textile
Coimbatore
The Millowners’
Association,
Bombay
Wool Research
Association,
Bombay
Association,
The
hHASRANA?dAN
SHRI A. D. SULE
SHRI G. R. KULKARN~( Alternate
DR S. 1. TARAPOREWALA
SHRI D. S. NADKARNI( Alternate
SHRI M. G. THANAWALA
SHRI S. M. CHAKRABORTY,
Director
( Tex )
)
The National
Rayon
Corporation
Limited,
Bombay
)
M. Best Cotton Rope Manufacturing Co, Bombay
Director General, IS1 ( Ex-ojkio Member )
Secretary
SHRI D. R. KOHLI
Deputy Director (Tex),
ISI
APPENDIX
B
( See Foreword )
INDIAN
STANDARDS
ON
PHYSICAL
IS1 has so far issued
METHODS
the following
Indian
OF
TEST
Standards
FOR
TEXTILES
in this field:
IS:
233-1954
Methods for determination
of mean fibrc-length
of cotton
by weight of fibrcs of different length-grades
in cotton
and
234-1973
Method
method
fibres
235-1954
Methods for determination
( cotton )
236-1968
Methods
swelling
for determination
) ( jrst revision )
of linear
of mean
density
of textile
single fibrc-strength
for determination
of cotton
method ) (jirst reuision)
fibrc
maturity
the proportion
(gravimctric
and intrinsic
(by
sodium
strength
hydroxide
237-1951
Method for determination
239-1951
Method for determination of lea breaking load ( strength ) of cotton yarn and
its count-lea-strength product
of cotton yarn count ( or yarn mclidity in tex )
832-1964
Method for determination
1315-1959
Method for determination
of universal count of cotton yarn
1670-1970
Method for determination
of yarns (first revision )
of breaking load, elongation at break and tenacity
of twist in yarn
8
.
SP:ll-1973
167l-!960
Method
for determination
of skein breaking
load (strength
), tenacity
and
yarn strength
index of cotton yarn ( by constant-rate-of-traverse
machine)
( met-ic system )
1954-1969
hIethods
for determination
1963-1969
Rfethods
revirim )
for determination
19G4-1970
Methods for determination
of weight
metre of fabrics (/irsr revision )
for determination
of length
and width
of threads
3966-1961
Methods
1969-1968
hfethod
for determination
of breaking
textile fabrics (Jirsf r~uision )
2387-1969
hlethods~for
2702-1965
Method for determination
plate method
determination
per square
of bursting
strength
of weight
resistance
2899-1965
Method
for determination
of percentage
Method
for determination
of crimp
3674-1966
Method
for determination
of micronaire
Method
for determination
of bundle
hIethod
recovery
for determination
angle )
of wrinkle
4871-1968
Netbod
for determination
of lint
mechanical-pneumatic
machines