Recommended SI Units for Textiles SP11, 1973

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SP : I I - 1973

RECOMMENDED SI UNITS
FOR TEXTILES

INDIAN
STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN,
9 BAHADUR
NEW DELHI

Gr 3

i
:.

INSTITUTION
SHAH

ZAFAR

MARC3

110002

December 1973

Edition l 1973
( First Reprint JANUARY

1984 )

UDC 389.151 : 677.06

SP: ll-

1973

@ copyright1973
INDIAN

STANDARDS

INSTITUTION

This publication
is protected
undrr the Indim Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957 ) and
reproduction
in whole or in part by any means except with written permission
of the
publisher
shall be deemed to be an infringement
of copyright
under the said Act.

Printed
Published

b

at Goyal OffSet Printers,

by Indian

Standards

Institution,

Delhi
New Delhi

110001.

SP : 11 - 1973

RECOMMENDED SI UNlTS
FOR TEXTILES
FOREWORD
This publication which has been processed by the Physical Methodr
of Test Sectional Committee, TDC 1, the composition of which has been
given in Appendix A, had been approved for publication by the Textile
Division Council of ISI.
In textile trade and industry the measurement of various characteristics plays an important role in the analysis, quality control, sale-purchase
For easy underand checking up for compliance to the standard.
standing and interpretation of figures by different interests, it becomes
essential to changeover to a unified set of units which have been accepted
at national as well as international level. ‘I his publication has, therefore,
been issued for the guidance of users for changing over to SI system,
with a view to unifying the set-up of units in various facets of textile
trade and industry.
Wherever the SI units differ from metric units, the
metric units with which the industry is familiar have also been given.

1. SCOPE
1.1 This publication contains a list of SI units recommended for use in the
textile industry and trade.
2. TERMINOLOGY
2.1 Newton

Force which, when applied to a body having a mass
gives it an acceleration of one metre per second per second.

( N ) -

of one kilogram,

1 millinewton

( mN )

= lo5

N ( Newton )

1 kilogram force ( kgf) = 9.806 65 N ( Newton)
1 gramforce ( gf)

= 9.806 65 mN ( millinewton )

3. LIST OF UNITS
3.1 Table 1 lists the characteristics, SI units ( their metric equivalents,
wherever necessary ), abbreviations and their fields of application,
3

TABLE

1 RECOMMENDED

SI UNITS

FOR

TEXTILES
$
.
c1

( Clutuc 3.1 )

I%.

PROPERTY

(1)

1.

T__-__--_____
Unit

(5)

(6)
-

Metre

m

-

-

Millimetre

-

-

3.

4.

Width

1

Thickness

*Linear

(4)
centimetre

6.

Circumference

Narrow fabrics
Other fabri&
Samples and test specimen ( as appropriate )
Carpets, druggets, durries
( as appropriate )

Millimetre,

centimetre

Centimee-2,

metre

cm, m

-

-

( micron )

pm
mm

-

-

Delicate fabrics
Other
fabrics,
felts

tex
mtex
dtex

-

-

Yarns
Fibres
Filament
yarns
Slivers,
cordages

f Micrometre
-j Millimctre

1

density

Diameter

(7)
Fibres
Samples and test specimens ( as appropriate )
Yarns, ropes and cordages,
fabrics

mm
cm
mm, cm

ktex

5.

APPLICATION

METRIC UNITY
____h___~
AbbreviaUnit
tion

-

f Centimetre
2.

Abbreviation

(3)
f Millimetre
] Millimetre,

*

TJNITS

mm
mm, cm

(2)

Length

SI

Micrometre
1 Millimetre
Millimetre

( micron )

filament

ropes

Fibres

pm
mm

and

carpets,

-

-

Yams,

-

-

Ropes, cordages

ropes, cordages

and

7.

Threads in cloth:
Length

Number per centimetre
Number per dccimetre

ends/cm
ends/dm

Width

Number per centimetre
Number per decimetre

picks/cm
picks/dm

-

Number per centimetre

ends/cm

-

{

Number per centimetre
Number per decimetre

courses/cm
courses/dm

{

Number per centimetre
Number per decimetre

wales/cm
wales/dm

{

8.

Warp
loom

threads

in

9.

Stitches in cloth:
Length
Width

Millimetre

IO.

Stitch length

11.

Mass
area

per

unit

Grams
metre

12.

Mass
length

per

unit

Grams per metre

13.

Twist

14.

Test
or
length

15.

Breaking load

UI

per

square

Turns per centimetre
Turns per metre
gauge

Millimetre, centimetre

Newton

*For conversion of values in traditional
factors and conversion tables for yarn counts



-

r Woven
fabrics
appropriate

(as

-I

-

Reeds

-

mm

-

-

g/m*

-

-

I’ K ni t t ed fabrics (as
<I appropriate )

1

C

Knitted fabrics
Made-up fabricsFabrics

-

Fabrics

turns/cm
turns/m

-

-

Yams, ropes (as
priate )

mm, cm

-

-

Fibres, yarns and fabric
specimens ( as appropriate)

appro-

mN

grams force

gf

delicate
yarns
Fibres,
( skeins or individual )

N

kilogram
force

kgf

Strong varns ( individual
or skeins ), ropes and
cordages, fabrics

counts to the tex and vice versa, reference to IS : 3689-1966
shall be made.

‘ Conversion
( Contif2ucd)

%
2
,
5:
2:

TABLE
PROPER=

1

RECOMMENDED
SI UNITs

r_--___-h_

,

(4)

(3)

(2)

16.

Ereeking length

Kilometre

km

17.

Tenacity

Millinewton per tex

mN/tex

18.

or
Twist
factor
twist multiplier

r Turns per centimetre X
I
square root of tex
Turns
per metreX
square root of tex

I

-

(5)

(6)

-

-

grams force
per tex
-

turns/m X z/G%

-

Fibres, yarns ( individual
or skeins )

-

N/cm2

kilogram
force per
square
centimetre

kgf/cms

Millinewton

mN

gr?,ms force,
kdogram
force

gf, kf

20.

Tear strength

21.

Pile height

Millimetre

mm

22.

Pile density

Mass of pile yarn in
grams
per square
metre per millimetre
pile height

g/m”/mm pile
height

23.

Elastic modulus

Millinewton per tex per
unit deformation

mN/tcx/unit
deformation

.

(7)
Yarns

gf/tex

Newton per square
centimetre

more than one unit have

APPLICATION

r

Yarns ( as a$propriate

)

I

Bursting strength

N

1 Newton

fs
..
*
clr
I
Y

Contd

METRIC UNIX
_-_-h-____,
Abbrevia-’
unit
tion

turns/cm X d/tex

19.

NOTE- Where
appropriate.

FOR TEXTILES

Abbreviation

Unit
(1)

SI UNITS

-

grams force
per tex per
unit deformation

been given for one characteristic,

-

Fabrics

I

I

-

gf/tex/unit
deformation

Fabrics, (as appropriate)
Carpets
Pile carpet

Fibres, yarns, strands

any of the units may be used

SP t il- 1973

APPENDIX

A

( see Foreword )
OF PHYSICAL METHODS OF TEST
SECTIONAL COMMITTEE, TDC I

COMPOSITION

The Physical ?vlethods of Test Sectional Committee, TDC 1, which
is responsible fx processing this publication,
consists of the following:
Representing

Chairman
DR T. RADHAKRISHNAN

Indian Jute Industries’

Research

Association,

Calcutta

Vice-chairman
DR V. SUNDARAM

Cotton Technological
Bombay

Research

Laboratory

( ICAR ),

Members
DR B. L. BANERJEE ( Alfernate to
Dr T. Radhakrishnan
)
DR V. G. MIJNSHI ( Alternate to
Dr V. Sundaram )
AGRICULTURALMARKETING ADVISER Directorate
of Marketing
& Inspection
of Agriculture ), Faridabad
TO THE GOVERNMENTOF INDIA
SHRI S. JAYARAMAN ( Alternate )
The Bombay Textile Research Association,
SHRI T. V. ANANTHAN
Government
of Mysore
&RI T. S. CHANDRASEKHARIAH
Office of theJute Commissioner,
Calcutta
SHRI K. K. CHATT~RJEE
Ministry of Defence (R & D )
SHRI G. N. CHATTERJI

( Ministry

Bombay

SHRI J. N. MISRA ( Alternate)
Indian Jute Mills Association,
Calcutta
DR IJ. B. DAS
Office of the Textile Commissioner,
Bombay
SHRI I. B. DUTT
SHRI P. N. MAITRA ( Alternate )
Central Silk Board, Bombay
SHRI A. R. S. GOPALACHAR
Ahmedahad Textile Industry’s Research Association,
DR B. V. IYER
Ah medabad

SHRI B. R. SHELAT ( Alternate )
SHRI N. C. JAIN
SHRI P. B. MEHTA ( Alternafc )
DR JAI PRAKASH
SHRIMATI A. KAPLASH

\
Srmx S. P. MULLICK
SHRI I. L. PATEL

Ministry

of Defence

( DGI )

Textiles Committee, Bombay
The Silk & Art Silk Mills’ Research
Association,
Bombay
National Test House, Calcutta
Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals ( Inspection Wing), New Delhi

SHRI A. K. PRAMAHICK( Alternafe )
( Continued on page 8 )
7

c

SP : 11 - 1973
( Continuedfrom

page 7 )
Re@senting

Members
SHRI K. P. RAMAKRIJHNAPILLAY
SHRI

H.

Research
South
India
Textile
Coimbatore
The Millowners’
Association,
Bombay
Wool Research
Association,
Bombay

Association,

The

hHASRANA?dAN

SHRI A. D. SULE
SHRI G. R. KULKARN~( Alternate
DR S. 1. TARAPOREWALA
SHRI D. S. NADKARNI( Alternate
SHRI M. G. THANAWALA
SHRI S. M. CHAKRABORTY,
Director
( Tex )

)
The National

Rayon

Corporation

Limited,

Bombay

)
M. Best Cotton Rope Manufacturing Co, Bombay
Director General, IS1 ( Ex-ojkio Member )

Secretary
SHRI D. R. KOHLI
Deputy Director (Tex),
ISI

APPENDIX

B

( See Foreword )
INDIAN

STANDARDS
ON

PHYSICAL
IS1 has so far issued

METHODS

the following

Indian

OF

TEST

Standards

FOR

TEXTILES

in this field:

IS:
233-1954

Methods for determination
of mean fibrc-length
of cotton
by weight of fibrcs of different length-grades
in cotton

and

234-1973

Method
method

fibres

235-1954

Methods for determination
( cotton )

236-1968

Methods
swelling

for determination
) ( jrst revision )

of linear
of mean

density

of textile

single fibrc-strength

for determination
of cotton
method ) (jirst reuision)

fibrc

maturity

the proportion
(gravimctric

and intrinsic
(by

sodium

strength
hydroxide

237-1951

Method for determination

239-1951

Method for determination of lea breaking load ( strength ) of cotton yarn and
its count-lea-strength product

of cotton yarn count ( or yarn mclidity in tex )

832-1964

Method for determination

1315-1959

Method for determination

of universal count of cotton yarn

1670-1970

Method for determination
of yarns (first revision )

of breaking load, elongation at break and tenacity

of twist in yarn

8

.

SP:ll-1973
167l-!960

Method
for determination
of skein breaking
load (strength
), tenacity
and
yarn strength
index of cotton yarn ( by constant-rate-of-traverse
machine)
( met-ic system )

1954-1969

hIethods

for determination

1963-1969

Rfethods
revirim )

for determination

19G4-1970

Methods for determination
of weight
metre of fabrics (/irsr revision )
for determination

of length

and width

of threads

3966-1961

Methods

1969-1968

hfethod
for determination
of breaking
textile fabrics (Jirsf r~uision )

2387-1969

hlethods~for

2702-1965

Method for determination
plate method

determination

per square

of bursting

strength

of weight

resistance

2899-1965

Method

for determination

of percentage

Method

for determination

of crimp

3674-1966

Method

for determination

of micronaire

Method

for determination

of bundle

hIethod
recovery

for determination
angle )

of wrinkle

4871-1968

Netbod
for determination
of lint
mechanical-pneumatic
machines

4902-1968

Illethod
woollen

for determination
and worsted yarns

6359-1971

Slethod

for conditioning

G-490-1971

Afethod

for determination

of correct

metre

and

of woven

of jute fabrics

3442-1966
3675-1966

(,firrl rcuision )

in woven

load and elongation

of thermal

4681-1968

of fabrics

per decimetre

value

strength
recovery
and

trash

invoice

linear

and knitted

fabrics

at break

of woven

fabrics,

removed

of cotton

guarded

hot-

( tenacity)

of cotton

of fabrics
content

from fabrics

fibres

of cotton
and

of fabrics-cantilever

fibres

( by measuring

moisture

of textiles
ofstiffness

per

fibres in wool

of yarn

weight

weight

(Jirst

(Jirst revision )

of textile

of medullated

and count

fabrics

test

crease

by means

of

content

of

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