Sales Promotion

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Sales Promotion Techniques.Mcdonald and Nestle included.

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CONTENT
Sr no
Topic
1 Introduction to sales promotion
a Advantages and disadvantages
b Difference between advertising and sales promotion
2 Reasons for rapid growth of sales promotion
3 Pull and push strategies of sales promotion
a Product life cycle and pull and push strategy
4 Technique of sales promotion
a Consumer promotion
b Objectives of consumer promotion
c Technique of consumer promotion
5 Rules of sales promotion for children by ICC international code of
sales promotion
6 Sales promotion strategies adopted by McDonald
7 Sales promotion strategies adopted by Cadburyand Nestle
8 Sales promotion strategies adopted by Britannia
9 Sales promotion strategies adopted by Camlin
10 Sales promotion strategies adopted by Frito lays
11 Suggestion
12 Conclusion
13 Annexure
14 Bibliography and webliograhphy


Executive summary

Though the Indian market has lots of potential to expand it is very hard to survive is this
kind of market. The Indian market has cut throat competition may it be in FMCG sector
or Consumer durables. Increasing growth can be achieved at the expense of competitors.
This results in companies trying to gain competitive edge through increasing
differentiation in their brands, emphasizing how they meet the needs of customer.
Today‟s consumers are becoming harder please. They are smarter, many more
competitors with equal or better offers approach more price conscious, more demanding,
less forgiving, and them. The challenge is not only to produce good products but also to
make people buy them. Now on such a competitive field it becomes a Herculean task for
a company to differentiate its brands and make them stand out among the diverse range.
The company tries to overcome such difficulties by introducing various marketing
strategies and advertising technique, Sales promotion is now a day widely used strategy
by various companies. Various sales promotion techniques help the company to increase
its sales by offering something free with the product or by offering the product at lower
cost if purchased at a large quantity. This increase in sales is generally short term.
Promotions help the company to create awareness and interest towards the product that is
followed by the desire to buy the product.
Time has changed, gone the days when child would sit back and obey the orders of
parents. As very well pointed out by the McDonalds that the kids are no longer the
passive members of the family. They take part actively in decision making for buying the
smallest of the product in household, considering the influence of the children in the day
to day buying decisions the strategy to promote gifts to children is yielding outstanding
results. “Creativity and innovation is the key to this form of promotions. The more
different and attractive your give away gift appears, the more likely it is that it will be a
run away success ”. The trend has become a craze and all leading brands are ready to
offer something different. Specialized Giveaways make excellent premiums. The
giveaways should be something genuinely useful, and it should be kept in a place where
the prospect will refer to it when they have need for a product.. It‟s important you
position your give-away effectively. The taste liking and the desire of the child is
considered before making buying decision. So various companies are targeting children
for sales promotion. If the child is happy then the parents readily buys the product.
This report attempts to study the sales promotion strategies for children that are adopted
by the various companies in growing its sales volume


Introduction


Sales promotion refers to many kinds of incentives and techniques directed towards
consumers and traders with the intention to produce immediate or short-term sales
effects.
Definition:
“Sales promotion includes incentive-offering and interest-creating activities which are
generally short-term marketing events other than advertising, personal selling, publicity
and direct marketing.
The purpose of sales promotion is to stimulate, motivate and influence the purchase and
other desired behavioral responses of the firm‟s customers.”
More on it...
Sales promotion offers a direct inducement to act by providing extra worth over and
above what is built into the product at its normal price. These temporary inducements are
offered usually at a time and place where the buying decision is made. Not only are sales
promotions very common in the current competitive market conditions, they are
increasing at a fast apace. These promotions are direct inducements. In spite of the
directness, sales promotions are fairly complicated and a rich tool of marketing with
innumerable creative possibilities limited only by the imagination of promotion planners.
Sales promotion is often referred to by the names of „extra purchase value‟ and „below-
the-line selling‟.



Used to achieve short-term sales :
Sales promotion is a separate and distinct element in the promotion mix and is an
important and powerful tool of marketing. The aim of sales promotion is goal-oriented to
achieve sales/marketing objectives which are short-term and immediate.
Becoming too common :
Today we find companies in almost all sectors offering some sort of a promotion scheme.
These sectors range from automobiles to beverages, from financial services to foods,
from household durables to services, from household products to business products, from
personal care to textiles and apparel.
Writing about sales promotion tools, Prof. Philip Kotler observes – “they have 3
distinctive characteristics.”
1. Communication: they gain attention and usually provide information that may
lead the customer to the product.
2. Incentive: they incorporate some concession, inducement, or contribution that
gives value to the consumer.
3. Invitation: they include a distinct invitation to engage in the transaction now
(offer valid till …or till stocks last)

Major users of sales promotions are marketers of soaps, detergents, toiletries, soft drinks,
toothpastes, tea, coffee, footwear, textiles, readymade garments, consumer durable goods,
music systems, autos, televisions, washing machines, microwave ovens, refrigerators,
magazines and many other household items. In fact the list of product categories using
sales promotion is ever-increasing, no matter what the product category, it could be
staples, impulse goods, emergency goods shopping goods, speciality goods, unsought
goods, industrial products, or different types of services.


Sales promotion is now established as an important and increasingly respectable element
of the marketing communication tools. Sales promotion expenditures are increasing
dramatically, and economic recession is most likely to fuel this trend further.
Advantages of sales promotion

Sales promotions have a significant effect on the behaviour of consumers and trades
people. Such promotions can bring in more profits for the manufacturers because they
permit price discrimination.
 Price discrimination
Producers can introduce price discrimination through the use of sales promotions. They
can charge different prices to different consumers and trade segments depending on how
sensitive each segment is to particular prices. Coupons, special sales events, clearance
sales and discounts are examples to explain the phenomenon.
Often such price discrimination are offered in specific cities in the country, .
Such price discriminating sales promotions that enable consumers and traders to pay less
in certain market area or stores usually bring in more contribution than if one price is
charged to all. Such price discrimination also held in adjusting to fluctuations in demand
and supply situation without affecting any changes in the list price.
 Effect on consumer behaviour
As sales promotions are mostly announced for a short period, customers may feel a sense
of urgency and stop comparing the alternatives. They are persuaded to act now rather
than later.
With every 500g pack of Bournvita, you get a free mug . Offer valid only till stocks last.


In our over communicated society and because of selective attention, it is not uncommon
to ignore many advertisements. Sales promotion deals such as discounts, debates,
coupons, premiums, etc also increased the attention getting power of advertisements and
convey the advantages and benefits of the brand, including price information. By using
promotions, marketers can reach the deal prone customers and encourage brand
switching.
 Effect on trade behaviour
Short-term promotions present an opportunity and encourage dealers to forward by. This
forward buying ensures that retailers won‟t to go out of stocks. As dealers have more
than the normal stocks, they think it advisable to advertise in local media, arranged
displays and offer attractive promotion deals to consumers. These actions help in
increasing the store traffic.
 Retailer promotion: Buy Cadbury‟s products worth Rs.3000/- and get any 30
chocolates worth Rs.5 each free.
 Buy a box of Munch and get 1 Munch free.

Regional Differences
The South is generally characterised by greater degree of going out and people tend to
drink outside the house. The Tamilian, consumer in particular, is value oriented, rational
and looks up to film stars, while the Keralite is more international in his outlook. The
Bangalorean is as cosmopolitan as his Mumbai or Delhi counterpart."
That sort of diversity believes Coca-Cola, calls for a corresponding variety in
promotions. The place to attract is the retail zone. Coca-Cola recently launched a
promotion called ' world of Coca-Cola' covering Chennai in Tamil Nadu and Bangalore
and Mysore in Karnataka. It was a value deal, aimed at the consumer disposed towards
global- style outings. The consumer pays Rs 20 along with a label of a 500 ml of PET
bottle to get a card that entitles him to gifts and discounts at 29 outlets, including those of
global chains such as TGI Friday and Baskin and Robbins this, in these cities. About
four years ago, Pepsi had a similar promotion with its Pep cards. This, however was on a
national level, while the Coca-Cola promotion is South based build retail level activity
matters more than it does in the North. The primary aim is to help the retail raise
volumes.
Disadvantages of sales promotions

While sales promotion is a powerful and effective method to produce immediate short
term positive results, it is not a cure for a bad product or bad advertising. In fact, a
promotion is speed up the killing of a bad product.
 Increased price sensitivity
Frequently promoted brands in the product category, especially on the basis of price,
make consumers and traders more price sensitive not only for the promoted brands but
for other brands as well in the same product category.
Consumers wait for the promotion deals to be announced and then purchase the product.
This is true even for brands where brand loyalty exists. Customers wait and time their
purchases to coincide with promotional offers on their preferred brands.
 Quality image may become tarnished
If the promotions in a product category have been rare, or the product happens to be of
high involvement category, the promotions could have a negative effect about its quality
image. Consumers may start suspecting that perhaps the product has not been selling
well, the quality of the product is true compared to the price or the product is likely to be
discontinued because it has become outdated.
 Dealers forward buy and divert stocks
In case of deals for the trade, many dealers forward buy, in excess of their inventory
requirements. This is particularly happens if a product is low bulk, much in demand and
the inventory holding costs are favourably low. This is true both for wholesalers as well
as retailers. Forward buying of excessive stocks on deals or quantity discounts can lead to
diversion of some of the stocks in non-deal areas. Forward buying of excessive stocks on
deals or quantity discounts can lead to diversion of some of the stocks in non- deal areas.
Wholesalers and retailers do not hesitate in selling these excess stocks in non- deal areas
on prices that are less than the list price, but keeping some reasonable margin for
themselves. This is likely to have a negative effect on price discrimination efforts of the
company as dealers and those areas would not be buying even the normal requirements
from the company.
 Merchandising support from dealers is doubtful
One of the trade promotions tool is to offer promotional allowances to trade people to
motivate them to provide merchandising support and to pass on some benefit to
consumers. This generally is the condition attached with such promotional allowances.
In many cases, the dealers do not cooperate in providing the merchandising support nor
do they pass on any benefit to consumers. The retailer might not be willing to give
support because he does not have the place, or the product does not sell much in his shop,
or may be he thinks the effort required is more than the commission/benefit derived.

 Short-term orientation
Sales promotions are generally for a short duration. This gives a boost to sales for a short
period. This short-term orientation may sometimes have negative effects on long-term
future of the organization. Promotions mostly build short-term sales volume that is not
maintained. Heavy use of sales promotion, in certain product categories, may be
responsible for causing brand quality image dilution.
The argument given in favour is that companies should develop superior products or
services which are better than competitors and consumer should be convinced through
appropriate and focused advertising about the superiority of the product and its image.
This will result in lasting brand identities reflecting brand image will keep customers
loyal to the brand.








Difference Between Advertising And Sales Promotion
Advertising Sales Promotions
By using a variety of persuasive appeals, it
offers reasons to buy a product or service.
Besides giving reasons in the form of
different appeals, they offer incentive to
the consumers to buy the product or
service now.
Appeals are emotional or functional in
nature
Appeals are rational
Time-frame is long term Time frame is short term
The primary objective is to create an
enduring brand image
To get sales quickly or to induce trial.
Indirect and subtle approach towards
persuading customers to buy a product or
service
Direct in approach to induce consumers to
buy a product or service immediately by
temporarily changing the existing price-
value relationship of the product or
service.




But both advertising and sales promotions go hand in hand. Both are very essential to
achieve success. Both are complementary to each other.







Reasons For Rapid Growth Of Sales Promotion

There are a number of reasons that are favorable to the growth of sales promotion:
 Increasing Competition
The air of change is gaining momentum after the introduction of economic liberalisation.
Due to increase in competition, companies are finding it increasingly difficult to compete
on quality. They are therefore resorting to more and innovative methods of sales
promotion.
Customers Have Become More Price Sensitive
This increased price sensitivity is a direct result of rampant inflation. Economic recession
is likely to fuel this trend further, as consumers and dealers become more sensitive
towards prices.
 Sales Promotions Generally Create An Immediate Positive Impact On Sales
Advertising, personal selling and other methods of promotion produce slower sales
response compared to sales promotion. Sales promotions are mostly for short duration,
for a specified period, leading to a sense of urgency in consumers to buy now. This
creates an immediate positive impact on sales. With careful planning, it would not be
difficult to measure the impact on sales volume and profit, and see the consequences of
running the promotion even on weekly or daily basis.
 Products have become more standardized
In many product categories, there is a proliferation of brands; many of them are line
extensions and me-too brands. Most brands are being perceived by consumers to be more
or less similar within a given price range because of the inability of manufacturers to
develop truly differentiated products. Under these circumstances, advertising messages
are unable to strongly influence the consumers‟ perceptions and create brand franchise.
As a result of these perceptions of similarity among brands, marketers have no way but to
compete on the basis of extra benefit offered through sales promotion. Competing
companies struggle to capture market share by using every tool likely to bring sales
success.
 Consumer Acceptance
As competition intensifies and promotions proliferate, consumers have learnt to earn the
rewards of being smart shoppers. Over a period of time, they have also learnt that brands
on promotion are not necessarily of lower quality.
Woodland has a scheme of upto 50% off on Woodland shoes and apparel.
This learning based on experience, gets transferred to other product categories as well.
Consumers have learnt that promotions are being extended to many product categories
where such promotions were unheard of.
 Expectations Of Price Decrease
With the entry of many different brands of consumer durable products in the same
product category, consumers anticipate that the prices of durable goods will come down.
This encourages them to postpone their purchases. To speed up the purchase in this
segment of consumers, sales promotions are an effective and attractive method.
Consumers evaluate the incentives associated with their purchase decision and are
motivated to act now, rather than wait for the anticipated decrease in price. The marketers
should ensure that the extra benefit is attractive enough to create a sense of urgency in
consumers.
 Advertising Has Become More Expensive And Less Effective
All the advertising media have become quite expensive. Audio-visual medium, which is
considered as the most effective for short-duration ads, may cost in excess of Rs. 1 lakh
for a 10 second exposure during prime time. In many cases, consumers have reached a
point of boredom due to excessive advertising on TV. Some consumers even consider
advertising as an intrusion into their privacy, leading to zapping (surfing channels). Firms
with small budgets cannot compete with big companies which spend huge sums of
money on advertising. For these small budget firms, sales promotion is a more cost-
effective promotion method to produce sales results.

 Trade Has Become More Powerful
Retailers and wholesalers have become powerful and find themselves in a position to
demand extra facilities from the companies. They Channel members demand more
incentives to get the desired results. Manufacturers do not seem to have any alternatives
but to concede to their demands, keeping in view the competitive market conditions.
 Pepsi offers silver coins to their dealers stocking Pepsi cases during Diwali
season. And the promotions offer differs across dealers.

 Emphasis On Sales Volumes
Towards achieving the long-term profit goals, manufacturers try to attain high sales
volume. Brand managers and product managers find themselves under pressure to
achieve short-term sales results for the sake of their careers. Compared to any other
promotional method, sales promotion is a more effective method to generate short-term
sales volume.
 Sales Promotions Maximize Profits
A number of economic theories conclude that a company can maximise profits by using
sales promotion. Such promotions can permit price discrimination by allowing the brand
to compete in 2 or more different market segments. Sales promotion may allow a
premium brand to compete with a lower tier brand among price sensitive consumers. For
example, a premium band of toilet soap may be on promotion in some price sensitive
markets, while in the remaining markets it is sold at its normal price.
 Introducing An Element Of Interest
There are a number of promotions which are often called interest promotions. Some of
the more popular interest promotion techniques are samples, contests, and sweepstakes,
free premiums and mail-in premiums. These promotions create an element of interest and
excitement, and consumers enjoy these and response enthusiastically to such contests and
sweepstakes, etc.

 Impulse Buying Is Increasing
The number of marginal customers is increasing. Displays at the point of purchases lead
to impulse buying by consumers, more so if the items on display are not expensive. There
is a popular saying in Hindi, “jo dikhta hai, voh bikta hai.”
This strategy is followed by soft drink majors like Pepsi and Coke on a large scale. They
pay huge sums of money to keep their products in front so that they are visible.
These are also known as display promotions
 Sales Promotion Specialists Are Available
As a result of economic liberalisation, the number of management institutions has
increased. This has lead to the availability of specialists, who are not only well paid but
can handle this specialised work more efficiently in the current market conditions, where
sales promotion has become more important.
 Excess Stocks
Because of increasing number of brands, it is difficult for manufacturers and dealers to
anticipate future sales. This, at times, leads to excessive inventories, and the quickest way
to clear that, is to go for sales promotion. Footwear companies like Bata, Woodland, etc
regularly offer around 50% discount on their products.

Pull And Push Strategies

Sales promotion decisions are significantly affected by whether the company decides to
do to pull or push strategies to accomplish its objectives. Such a decision may require a
little or a lot of cooperation from resellers. The requirements to implement one strategy
might be little more than to just stock the product by the retailers. The other strategy may
demand more participation from resellers such as the ability to explain to the consumers
as to how a product works.
In case of using a pull strategy, marketing efforts are directed at the ultimate consumer
and consumer promotions such as consumer contests and sweepstakes, rebates, coupons,
free samples, consumer premiums, etc are used. If this strategy is also chosen to include
advertising, there are large advertising expenditures. The objective of such promotional
efforts would be to create sufficient consumer demand to pull the product through the
channels, that is the consumers are encouraged to demand the product from retailers who
in torn place orders with wholesaler or manufacturer to meet the consumer demand.

Manufacturer
Retailer
Consumer
Wholesaler
Flow of demand










Flow of promotion: sales promotion and advertising



PULL


This strategy may require little promotional efforts from the resellers except to stock
input the product on shelves.
A pull strategy is appropriate when
 The product demand as high.
 It is possible to differentiate the product on the basis of real or emotional features,
 Brand consumers show high degree of involvement in the product purchase,
 There is reasonably highly brand loyalty and consumers make brand choice
decision before they go to the store.
PUSH
If a firm decides to use push strategy, its efforts are directed at resellers and the
manufacturer becomes very dependent on their personal selling abilities and efforts. The
promotional efforts are focused at pushing the product through the distribution channels;
the resellers may be required to display, demonstrate and offer discounts, to sell the
product. The communication to resellers is generally through trade circulars or the sales
force.
PUSH

Manufacturer
Wholesaler
Retailer
Consumer
Flow of promotion: trade deals advertising, personal selling.
Flow of demand








Push strategies generally appropriate for product categories where there is low brand
loyalty and many acceptable substitutes are available in the market. It may also be
suitable for relatively new products or when the brand choice is often made in response to
displays in the stores, the product purchase is unplanned or on impulse and the consumer
is familiar and has reasonably adequate knowledge about the product. Manufacturers,
who cannot afford to engage in sustained mass advertising, often use push strategy and
offer effective incentives to dealers.
Retailer promotion: Buy Cadbury‟s products worth Rs.3000/- and get any 30 chocolates
worth Rs.5 each free.
Through this offer the company is pushing its product to the retailers and now that the
retailer has enough incentive the retailer stocks more and thus it becomes essential for the
retailer to push the product to the consumers.
PULL AND PUSH

Manufacturer
Wholesaler
Retailer
Consumer
Flow of promotion mix
Flow of demand















Pull promotions
(Manufacturer to consumer)
Push promotions
(Offered to trade)
Push promotions
(Offered by retailer)
Sampling
Coupons
Price packs
Rebates
Continuity programs
Contests
Sweepstakes
Tie-in promotion
Financing incentives
Special events
Premiums
Bonus packs
Exchange offers
Discounts
Display allowance
Advertising allowance
Free goods
Contests
Trade coupons
Quantity discounts
Price cut
Free goods
Premiums
Displays
Feature advertising
Quantity discount
Clearance sale
Product life cycle and pull or push strategies

It is quite important for brand managers to analyze and identify the stage of a particular
brand in its life cycle before deciding about using sales promotion. During the stage of
product introductions, a product requires different sales promotional tactics.
Likewise, during the product growth stage, its maturity and the decline stages, the sales
promotion tactics required are likely to be quite different. Promotional strategies are also
likely to be affected for different non-durable and durable products. Also important in
the development of promotional strategy would be the target audience is towards whom
the
 Introduction stage
When the product is being introduced, the major objective is to increase the trial rate and
distribution of the product. For increasing trial sampling, coupons, demonstration which
are all pull promotions, can be used. To make the product available in distribution
channels, it may become necessary to use some kind of incentive scheme for the resellers
to encourage them and minimise their risk associating stalking a new product.
Manufacturers can offer display allowances to resellers to make the product highly
visible. There could be liberal guarantees to take back the stocks, if unsold, to reassure
the trader. These are all push promotions. For most new products, it would be difficult
to be successful without pull promotions. In fact when new products are introduced,
much more emphasis is given to pull rather than push promotions.
 Cadbury is introducing the new brand bytes having an introductory offer Rs5 off
which will be available through the coupons that are distributed with newspapers
like the Times of India.





 Growth stage
In this stage, the dominant objectives are to expand the market for increasing the number
of new customers who would try the product for the first time and to encourage the repeat
purchase by those who have already tried the product. Another important objective is to
expand or at least maintain the distribution. For increasing trial, pull promotions are
appropriate however as the trial rate increases free samples become quite an expensive
proposition. To encourage repeat purchase by consumers, in pack or on-pack coupons
can be used.
This would also help in converting those customers who have already tried the product
into regular users of the product. Another tool of sales promotion that can be used is to
offer bonus packs containing additional quantity at the same price as an incentive to
encourage repeat purchase. To expand the distribution, push promotions such as different
types of discounts, free goods that increase the profitability of the trade, can be used.
 Maturity stage
When the product is in maturity stage, many similar brands are available to customers.
Due to price discounts or other extra benefits, consumers often switched brands. This
phenomenon of brand switching is more common if the product category happens to be
one of low involvement. The sales promotional strategy in this stage can focus on
attracting maximum number of brand switchers, reward and reinforce the loyalty of
regular users and use more of push promotions to build inventories with resellers. Many
tools of sales promotion such as premiums, price discounts, extra goods, displays, dealer
contests, feature advertising become important.
Generally a combination of pull and push promotions prove more effective during
maturity stage of a product life cycle. The market share of the brand is an important
factor in gaining the support of resellers.




 Decline stage
Survival of the brand often becomes more important during decline stage. Another
important objective is to maintain distribution. Sales promotions that help in generating
sales volume become quite important. Resellers, in general, are not a tall enthusiastic
about declining brands and for this reason we do not show any kind of interest in
promoting them. Because of this negative factor, manufacturers use pull promotions. In
many cases this becomes a game of endurance for marketers.























Techniques Of Sales Promotions
Consumer market sales
promotions
Trade sales promotions Sales force sales promotions
Price discounts Off-Invoice Allowance Sales contests
Price pack deals Buying allowance Incentives
Rebates/refunds Display and advertising
allowance
Awards and prizes
Continuity programs Buy back allowance Premiums (gifts)
Coupons Bill back allowance Sales meetings
Samples Count and recount
allowance
Training
Contests and sweepstakes Slotting allowance Sales manuals etc.
Premiums and advertising
specialties
Merchandise allowance
Free trials POP displays
Brand placement Cash rebate
Event sponsorship Free goods
Product warranties Trade coupons
Exchange offers Dealer listing
Internet promotions Dealer loaders
Low interest financing Sales contests
Free service camps SPIFFS (push money)
Incentives
Sales training programs
Trade shows



Consumer sales promotions

Sales promotions directed at the end-user, whether by the manufacturer or the retailer, are
called consumer sales promotions. Manufacturer announced promotions to consumers are
based on „pull‟ strategy of the manufacturer and retailer announced promotions to
consumers constitute „push‟ strategy of the retailer.
Objectives of consumer market sales promotions
The following basic objectives can be pursued with sales promotions in the consumer
market.
 Stimulate trial purchase
When a firm wants to attract new users sales promotions tools can reduce the consumer‟s
risk of trying something new. A reduced price or offer of a rebate may stimulate trail
purchase.
 Pantene when it was launched did a lot of sampling, to stimulate trail purchase.
Their efforts have surely shown results, with Pantene being one of the top selling
brands in India today.
 Stimulate repeat purchases
In-package coupons good for the next purchase, or the accumulation of points with repeat
purchases, can keep consumers loyal to a particular brand.
The most prominent frequency programs are found in the airline industry where
competitors try to retain their most lucrative costumers by enrolling them for various
perks such as frequent flyers can earn free travel, hotel stays, gifts etc.




 Stimulate larger purchases
Price reductions or two-for-one sales can motivate consumers to stock up on a brand, thus
allowing firms to reduce inventory or increase cash flow.
Many soaps brands are doing sales promotions to stimulate larger purchases. When
people generally come to buy soaps, and see the offers like,
 Introduce a new brand
Because sales promotions can attract attention and motivate trial purchase, it is
commonly used for new brand introductions.
Cadbury bytes was promoted with Rs 5 off

 Combat or disrupt competitors strategies
Because sales promotions often motivate consumers to buy in large quantities or try new
brands, they can be used to disrupt competitors marketing strategies. If a firm knows that
one of its competitors is launching a new brand or initiating a new advertising campaign,
a well-timed sales promotions offering deep discounts or extra quantity can disrupt the
competitor strategy. Add to the original discount an in-package coupon for future
purchases, and a marketer can severely compromise competitor‟s efforts.
 Contribute to Integrated Marketing Communications
In conjunction with advertising, direct marketing, public relations and other programs
being carried out by a firm, sales promotions can add yet another type of communication
to the mix. Sales promotions suggest an additional value, with price reductions,
premiums, or a chance to win a prize. This is an additional and different message within
the overall communication effort.

Techniques of consumer sales promotions

 Price discounts or price-off deals.
Price deals are probably the most commonly used promotional techniques. A price deal
for a customer means a reduction in the price of the promoted product and the consumer
saves money on purchase.
 Boost 500gm pack, Rs. 10 off on normal price, now available at Rs. 90 only.
Price discounts are communicated through POP advertising, window displays, sales
people, advertising in newspapers, magazines and TV ads.
Determining the quantum of discount depends on the consumer‟s price perceptions and
may be difficult to decide.
Such promotions work very well in gaining the attention of consumers, particularly at the
point of purchase among similar brands and may also encourage unplanned or impulse
buying. If there are three different models of a product and because of the discount
offered the price of the higher end model is appears, not too high to the consumer as
compared to the lesser priced model, then the consumer may buy the higher end model.
The main advantage of this tool is that it has a very Strong consumer response
Such discounts offer immediate value and strong consumer response.
The Flexibility and convenience of implementation is another advantage. Price offers are
extremely flexible in the sense that the producer has total control on the number of units
being promoted and the market area in which the offer will be given. If different packs of
the same brand are available, the marketer can choose the one size that is not selling well.
A discount offer may rapidly lose its advantage if competitors announce a similar offer.
In fact, competitors are very likely to retaliate leading to the danger of triggering a
promotion wall in which no one benefits except the consumer.
Such discounts are short term and are unlikely to produce any long-term gains because
the incentive is to purchase now by creating sense of urgency. When the discount is
withdrawn the sales may fall below the level of pre-promotion period. And in the long
run the sales would return to pre-promotion period level.

 Price pack deals
Price pack deals are also called value packs.
They can take any of the two forms: one is bonus pack and banded pack.
In case of a bonus pack, an additional quantity of the same product is offered free when
the standard pack size of the product is purchased at the regular price.
 Cadbury temptation offers 10% extra free. 200gms+20gms
 Boost 500grm jar gives 20% more free.


A variation of this offer is when the marketer develops special packs of the product
containing more quantity but the price is proportionately low. This is a method to “load”
the consumer up with the product. This technique is often used to introduce a new large
size of the product or to encourage continued usage and also to increase consumption.
The offer is termed as “banded pack” when 2 or more units of the products are sold at a
reduced price compared to the regular price.
Another variation of this technique is “buy 1 get 1 free” or some similar offer, it could be
“same for less” or “more for the same.”
The main advantage of this tool is that extra product may encourage increased usage and
help sustain the habit. Also among other similar brands, a bonus pack stands out at the
point of sale.
 Refunds And Rebates
Refund is the repayment of total money paid for purchase, while the rebate represents
repayment of only part of the money paid for the purchase. Refund offers seems to work
very well in guaranteeing the trial of a product or service since there is no risk involved
for the customer because of the promise of total refund of the purchase amount.
Refunds and Rebates play an important role in the consumer durable segment because the
product price is reduced to a great extent because of the rebate offer.
 Coupon
A coupon entitles a buyer to a designated reduction in price for a product or service.
Coupons are the oldest and most widely used form of sales promotions. Coupons bear an
expiry date and cannot be redeemed after the cut off date.
Coupons can be of 3 types:
 Direct to the consumer
 Media distributed
 Product distributed.

The main Advantages of coupons are:
 Encourage brand switching
 Stimulate trial for a product
 Take off the attention from price

 Many companies to create more product trials has coupons in the newspapers and
magazines which avail you some rupees off on there products

 Contests And Sweepstakes
Contests and sweepstakes can draw attention to a brand like no other sales promotions
technique.
A contest has consumers compete for prizes based on skill or ability. Winners in a contest
are determined by a panel of judges or based on which contestant comes closest to a
predetermined criterion for the contest. Contests tend to be somewhat expensive to
administer because each entry must be judged against winning criteria.
Contests were very often used earlier where people has to write slogans, poems, stories
etc. generally “I like the product because …” and the best ones won prizes. But off lately,
contests are becoming less and sweepstakes increasing. People are more willing to play
on luck rather than participate by showing their abilities.

A sweepstake is a promotion in which winners are determined purely by chance.
Consumers need only to enter their names in the sweepstakes as a criterion for winning.
Some popular types of sweepstakes also use “scratch-off cards”.
Contests and sweepstakes often create excitement and generate interest for a brand, but
the problems of administering these promotions are substantial.
One problem is that the game itself may become the consumer‟s primary focus, while the
brand becomes secondary. The technique thus fails to build long-term affinity for the
brand.
 Britannia khao world cup jao campaign has taken the market by a swing.
Under the offer you collect points available on Britannia biscuit packets and exchange
100 points for a scratch card, which has various gifts and the 100 world cup tickets. The
offer was actually introduced during the last world cup and had shown phenomenal
results. Sale increased tremendously; there was an increase in the sales by 25%, claims
the company. So it is being done this year too. This year too the contest is showing good
results.
 Sampling
Getting consumers to simply try a brand can have a powerful effect on future decision-
making. Sampling is a sales promotion technique designed to provide a consumer with an
opportunity to use a brand on a trial basis with little or no risk. Saying that sampling is a
popular technique is an understatement. Sampling is particularly useful for new products,
but should not be reserved for new products alone. It can be used successfully for
established brands with weak market share in specific geographic areas.






Techniques used in sampling:
 In-store sampling
 Door-to-Door sampling
 Newspaper sampling
 On-package sampling
 Mobile sampling


 Trial offers
Trial offers have the same goal as sampling – to induce consumer trial use of a brand- but
they are used for more expensive items.
Ex: exercise equipment, appliances, consumer electronics, etc. the expense to the firm of
course can be formidable. Segments chosen for this sales promotion technique must have
high sales potential.
 Premiums and advertising specialties
Premiums

They are items offered free or at a reduced price, with, the purchase of another item.
Many firms offer a related product free.
There are 2 options available for the use of premiums:
1. A free premium provides consumers with an item at no cost, the item is included
in the package of the purchase item.
2. A self-liquidating premium requires a consumer to pay most of the cost of the
item received as a premium. In this promotion offer the consumer is required to
send a specified sum of money along with a proof of purchase to claim the
premium.
Premiums have become very common today. Many companies are offering lots and lots
of premiums. The main advantage of Premiums is that they offer not only that one
product but also another product, which may influence the customer, a lot to buy the
product. Especially if the other product is worth it.
Also new products are given free with established brands to stimulate trial of the new
brand.
 Buy a Cadbury Bournvita and get a dairymilk worth rs 10 free
Advertising specialties
Popular advertising specialties are caps, t-shirts, toys, mugs, mouse pads, pens, calendars,
etc.
Advertising specialties have 3 key elements:
A message placed on a useful icon, and given to consumers with no obligation.
 Pepsodent toothpaste 100gm pack get free dental insurance worth Rs.1000, this is
a very effective strategy because it is giving you‟re the guarantee that nothing
can happen to your teeth. The Rs.1000 insurance speaks a lot for its brand and its
product thrust.
 Buy any Nestle chocolate and get tatoo free.
Many other kids products are influence a lot by such specialties especially liked by the
kids like tattoos, masks, tazo, cricket bats etc. hence products that have such offers sell
more than the other brand available.
 Ruffles lays, get free Tazo,
 Rasna, get free Prankies

 Continuity/frequency Programmes
In recent years, one of the most popular sales promotion techniques among consumers
has been “frequency Programmes”. The main objective of such Programmes is
encouraging repeat purchases or repeated visits to particular retail shops. Frequency
Programmes offer consumers discounts or free product rewards for repeat purchase or
patronage of the same brand or company.


 Brand placement
Brand placement often referred to, as product placement is the sales promotions
technique of getting a marketer‟s brand featured in movies and television shows. The use
of a brand by actors and actresses or the mere association of the brand with a popular
film/ television show can create a positive image and have a huge impact on the sales of a
brand.
Marketers and advertisers used to think that brand placements affected only consumers‟
perceptions of a brand, much like advertising. But recent brand placements have shown
that the technique can have a sales impact like a traditional sales promotions.
Brand placement has varying results; if the brand name is spoken aloud the impact can be
dramatic but less obvious placements, referred to as background placements are
considered by some as a waste of money.
 Coke in Yaadein , Pepsi in Khushi
 Pass Pass in Yaadein

 Event sponsorship
When a firm sponsors or co-sponsors an event such as a rock concert, a cricket match,
etc. the brand featured in an event immediately gains credibility with the event audience.
The audience attending an event already has a positive attitude and affinity for the contest
– they choose to attend. When this audience encounters a brand in this very favourable
reception environment, the brand benefits from the already favourable audience attitude.
 Coke and Pepsi keep sponsoring many events.
 Exchange offers
If a family bought a refrigerator 10 years ago and the machine is still giving reasonable
service then the family is unlikely to buy a newer and more advanced version of the
refrigerator unless they get rid of the older one by selling it to someone. No one in our
country is prepared to throw it as junk. Same thing is true for a number of products such
as televisions, microwave ovens, washing machines, cars, two-wheelers, computers, etc.
This segment of present owners is sizeable enough yet to sell new brands to those who
already own a similar product is not easy. To attract this segment, manufacturers
regularly announce exchange offers.
Consumer durables market is the one where exchange offers are used the most. Almost
all the TVs, Refrigerators, Washing Machines, etc. have exchange offers.
 Internet promotions
They are the most recent form of sales promotions. They are promotions that are done via
the Internet. It is becoming increasingly popular because of the large use of Internet. But
still it has a lot to develop.





Rules or sales promotion as led down by ICC International code of sales promotion
ICC International code of sales promotion

ICC International code of sales promotion in its article 8 state the Sales promotions
addressed to, or likely to influence, children and young people should be so framed as not
to take advantage of their natural credulity or lack of experience. Furthermore such
promotions should be so framed as not to harm children or young people mentally,
morally or physically, nor to strain their sense of loyalty vis-à-vis their parents or
guardians. Sales promotions addressed to or likely to attract children:
Sales promotions addressed to or likely to attract children:
a. should be designed and conducted in a way that will not cause physical, mental or
moral harm to children;
b. should not offer promotional products that are unsuitable for distribution to
children;
c. should not encourage children to enter into unsafe situations or strange places or
talk to strangers e.g. for the purpose of making collections or accumulating
labels, wrappers or coupons;
d. should make it clear that parental permission is required if prizes and incentives
might cause conflict between children and their parents; examples include
animals, bicycles, outings, concerts and holidays.








McDonald

"Kids are no longer passive members of the family."

McDonald's India, which opened its first restaurant in India in October 1996, has
virtually spearheaded the 'burger revolution' in the country. Here, how McDonald‟s has
endeared itself to children
The first commercial talked about the kid in two different environments - a formal school
function where he forgets his lines and a friendly McDonald's environment where the
lines spontaneously come out of the kid. In another commercial how the dad and mom
plan a surprise for the kids who are sad about leaving their old place of residence. And
the surprise is in the form of a 'friendly' McDonald's outlet bang opposite their new home.
Well we all agree that kids today are no longer passive members of the family. Those
times when a child would sit back and obey every single order of his or her parents have
gone by. Today, they take active part in decision-making and have become friendlier to
their parents. This is largely true of decisions across the board - from the restaurant to go
to or the car and house that the family buys.
McDonald's world over, has been a favourite eating out experience for childrens. It has
been a conscious strategy on the part of McDonald's to make children feel special at their
restaurants. What has, of course, helped us is that McDonald's is the most children
friendly restaurant chain in the world and in India. Today, children are an essential part of
the family decision making process - the family in taking decisions for the home and the
family takes their likes and dislikes into account.
Several factors have gone a long way in making restaurants the favourite of kids. The
most important experience that McDonald‟s provide is that their outlet is friendly and
completely hassle-free and that has endeared us to the child in each one of our
customers.
McDonalds have taken special care to see that the architecture and décor of their
restaurants are children friendly. There are special chairs and tables for kids in all McD
restaurants - most of McDonalds restaurants have separate play areas for children. Their
crew members are also trained to make the experience memorable for the kids. Even all
our tables, chairs, stairs have rounded edges to prevent any kind of injury to the kids.
Their innovative birthday party packages have been a great hit with the kids. Their icon
Ronald McDonald is a great favourite of kids worldwide as well as in India.
What McDonalds learn Indian kids is that if you give them a friendly, warm, hassle-free
experience, they are bound to come. Combine that with nutritious, wholesome food and
the recipe for success. The McDonald's core value of QSC&V (quality, service,
cleanliness and value) has worked successfully everywhere and has proved to be the
winning formula for McDonald's in India as well.
McDonalds goes with pull strategy in India where the have various promotions like
giving free gifts , they give toys with their product called happy meal, McDonalds has
being using everything from plastic toys resembling cartoon characters to soft toys to
promote itself. The effort can be said to be grand success considering the queue of
children outside its various outlets. Mcdonalds have contest for children from time to
time, it recently had a promotion of consumer premium i.e. it gave a coupon with
20percent off on next meal or a soft serve free with next purchase. McDonalds distributes
coupons at various college and school campus
Chocolates and confectioneries
Cadbury

Cadbury India began its operations as a trading concern in 1947. Cadbury in the Indian
sub continent defined the first taste of chocolate. Ever since Cadbury chocolates were
launched in India it has been ruling the heart of Indian child. Cadbury the name every
child has in his mind when you talk about chocolates in India
In the chocolate products like dairy milk, five stars, perk, etc. Cadbury offer direct price
pack deal for example 20% extra chocolate with, in this offer children get 20% extra
chocolate at same price
It also offers a price discount and price off deals for example a family pack of chocolates
like perk, five star and dairy milk at a discounted price. Cadbury also had printed coupon
in local newspaper and the promotion was that the 10 Rs chocolate would cost 5 Rs on
exchange of that newspaper coupon.
Talking about contest Cadbury had various contest for children, in one of its contest in
which the children had to collect the wrappers of chocolate of Rs 10 or more and with
every 10 wrappers returned they gave various gifts, the more number of wrapper the
more big was the gift they had given gifts like animal mask, sunglasses, watches and
cameras too. The other contest was that the children had to complete the line Why they
like the Cadbury chocolates…………
The best answer had been gifted with Cadbury gift hampers. Cadbury also gifted pens,
pocket calendars, caps, t-shirt etc as consolation prizes.
Internet promotion is one of the new innovative promotion by Cadbury; u can play
different game on www.Cadburyindia.com with different chocolates of Cadbury.



In the small value chocolates like éclairs and gems Cadbury has time to time promotions,
the recent jadoo card offer by Cadbury was rocking among the children in this offer
Cadbury gave a free jadoo card with two éclairs, the card had a picture of animal which
could not be seen in first look and that why it was called jadoo card.

Gems the favorite chocolate pill between children have something to offer for children,
before when it was packed in rectangular card box it had a puzzle game printed on it, it
also offered free James bond and bugs and bunny stickers with it. Now gems r packed in
cylindrical plastic tin with a cricket game on its lid. Cadbury always has a promotion
going on with one or the other brand of chocolate
Nestle

Nestle the other company manufacturing chocolate brands in India .it has a product line
like Milky bar, Bar one, Munch Kit Kat etc. nestle chocolate also very famous among the
Indian children especially Kit Kat the one of its kind wafer chocolate,
Nestle also conducts various sales promotions, they also offers price discount and price
off deal in which more chocolate at same price .they also have price pack offer where in
they give 10-20%exta chocolate it also altered the price pack deal by giving 1 or 1 free
pack. Nestle also arranged a competitions in schools for which the gifted with the nestle
gift hampers.
Nestle Kit Kat the favorite chocolate among the children had „yoyo‟ free with it. Yoyo is
a circular object that is tied to a thread and we can spin it up and down with the thread.
The yoyo fad was for long time among the children

Health drinks
Cadbury Bournvita


Cadbury tries to promote its product with both pull and push strategies. Pull strategy is
mainly in health drink product i.e. Bournvita. With Bournvita Cadbury offered variety of
gift from time to time, it had given various gifts like Bournvita sunglasses, watches, balls,
rackets etc recently it has started giving the new toy Beyblades to children with the new
Bournvita jar and refill pack.
The best pull strategy to promote sale was through the Bournvita book off knowledge
Bournvita's advertising claim, 'Brought up Right Bournvita Bright', was supported by a
very popular TV programme, 'The Bournvita Quiz Contest'. This was an inter-school
quiz involving participation from schools in Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta and Chennai. It was
broadcast fro lot of audience interest and involvement, particularly among children and
other members of the family.
The Bournvita „book of knowledge‟
Objective
To enhance the brand image of Bournvita by supporting the main advertising proposition
of the brand: 'Brought up Right-Bournvita Bright', thus building an enduring consumer
group for the brand. The promotion Consumers sending in two proofs of purchase from
any size of Bournvita were offered FREE the Bournvita Book of Knowledge, a
compendium of questions and answers from the Bournvita Quiz Contest
Results
Demand for the Bournvita Book of Knowledge was so great that a substantial reprint was
required. Market research indicated very high recall and a linkage in the public's mind
between Bournvita, the Quiz Contest, and the Book of Knowledge, ranging from 49% in
Delhi to 66% in Madras. The scheme was therefore continued in subsequent years, with
further annual compendiums of questions and answers, slight modifications being made

to these later volumes of the Bournvita Book of Knowledge in the light of experience.
Over a quarter of a million books have been sent out over the years.
Bournvita's brand share increased by 3 percentage points in each of the first years of this
Promotional programme. Scores for the number of consumers buying only Bournvita and
no other competitive brand solidified to 46% in Calcutta, and went as high as 68% in
Delhi.
Comment
This is a first class example of sales promotion being used successfully in a strategic role.
'Strategic‟ as opposed to 'tactical' in the sense that the programme ran over a lengthy
period of time, several years. It was not just a quick in-and-out tactical operation
designed to solve a particular problem or exploit a specific opportunity that had arisen in
the short term. 'Strategic' too in that the Book of
Knowledge was integrally related to the Bournvita Quiz Contest and in turn to the
advertising
proposition: 'Brought up Right-Bournvita Bright'.
The promotional programme thus supported the central thrust of the brand's marketing
strategy. It took the fleeting words of the radio programmes and bestowed upon them a
physical, tangible, permanent dimension in the form of the Book. It continued to
communicate the brand proposition to consumers in their homes in between broadcasts of
the Quiz Contest. It linked this popular programme firmly to the purchase of Bournvita
by requiring two proofs of purchase to obtain the Book.


BOOST
Boost is a energy drink which is very much favorite of children, boost became favorite
after they contracted Sachin Tendulkar to act in it commercial saying that “boost is secret
of my energy”. As the cricketer was very famous among the children everybody wanted
to be like him. A wide-ranging review of the brand and its competition nonetheless
indicated that the positioning of Boost as an energy drink for children was correct. In-
depth qualitative research confirmed the strength of the advertising which had used the
theme of trains to communicate the proposition: 'Boost: the energy fuel for an active life.
Taken regularly it helps to improve both physical and mental energy'. Boost came up
with giving sachin autographed miniature bat with it.
The famous boost train picture card promotion
Objective
To enhance brand equity by supporting theme advertising, and thereby increasing brand
loyalty which would automatically result in increased sales.
The promotion
One of a series of 12 coloured picture cards was packed FREE in every 5OOgm pack of
Boost (the larger of two sizes) throughout the six-month promotional period. These
picture cards illustrated famous trains from the history of railways around the world. The
cards were contained in polythene pouches, 10 cm x 6.7 cm, sealed on all sides.
Four different picture cards were made available in packs in each of the first three months
of the promotion, and the process was repeated in the second three months to give the
consumer a further opportunity to collect all 12 cards. All 5OOgm packs were flashed on
the front with an announcement of the promotion, referring the consumer for full details
to the back of the label in the case of the 500gm jar, and to the back of the pack in the
case of the 500gm refill pack.
Each picture card had a tear-off strip on its right hand side, printed with a number
from 1 to 12. Sending in two of these strips qualified the consumer to receive, FREE, an
album with spaces in which to paste the picture cards. The album contained much addi-
tional background information on, for example, the early history of trains; the expansion
of railways round the world; the beginnings of underground railways; the advent of diesel
and electric traction; the development of commuter services; great railway men; railways
in India; unusual facts; glossary of railway terms; the future of trains, etc.
The album also contained a page with spaces for 6 further tear-off strips from the
picture cards to be pasted down. No duplicates were allowed - the strips had to carry 6
different numbers from six different cards (these numbers corresponding to the numbered
spaces allocated in the album to the picture cards themselves). The first 100 consumers to
mail in this page containing the six strips would win a prize of an expensive electric train
set.
Results
Against a target increase in sales of 12.5 per cent during the six month promotional
period, sales increased by 16.6 per cent. Against an estimate of 22,000 applications for
the album, 61,147 were applied for. This represented almost exactly 10% of the 5OOgm
packs sold during the six months being redeemed for albums. Almost one quarter of
households buying Boost obtained an album. 4,020 entries were received for the electric
train set. As a goodwill gesture HMM increased the number of train sets awarded from
100 to 300.
Both trade and consumer feedback on the promotion was extremely positive.
Many children, as well as parents, wrote in expressing their appreciation of the offer.
Market research conducted at the end of the promotion reported that it was regarded very
favourably by mothers, who liked its educational aspect. It was the type of promotion
they encouraged their children to participate in.
Comment
Picture cards inserted FREE in a pack is a classic collection technique when children are
the consumers but their mothers are the purchasers. By giving the picture cards an
educational character the mother is encouraged to pass them on to her child, and in turn
the child encourages the mother to make further purchases of the brand offering the
picture cards - rather than a competitive brand - in order to obtain further cards in the
series.
The number of different picture cards in the series should not be greater than it is
reasonable for a child to collect from his mother's purchases during the period of the
promotion, though allowance can be made for the swapping of duplicate cards among
school friends. An activity which can give additional word of mouth currency to the
promotion: some children seeing their friends showing off and swapping these treasured
cards return home and ask their mothers to buy Boost next time, instead of her normal
brand. They want to be in on this new collection craze too! An album in which to insert
the picture cards is a great stimulus to collection. As soon as the first card is stuck down,
the remaining spaces look very blank indeed - they cry out to be filled! Boost was
therefore right in making the album readily available, FREE, in return for only 2 proofs
of purchase.
The high rate of participation at all levels of the promotion proved the appeal of
trains as a subject, in the various ways it was treated in both the picture cards and the
album. Best of all the train theme continued and extended the message of Boost's
advertising campaign. This new method of sales promotion was not an abandoning of all
the careful marketing effort that had been put behind the brand previously, it was simply
a new and impactive expression and execution of all that Boost had been saying about
itself since its launch.








Britannia
Biscuits are something that doesn‟t need an introduction as such. Almost every family in
India starts with the day with tea and biscuits in India. Selling Biscuits in such market is
very herculean task for the company. Along with the major competitor in this segment
are Parle and Britannia there is a huge unorganized competition. Britannia has a variety
of brands of biscuits which are favorite of children. The biscuits cannot be sold merely by
trading with wholesalers and retailers, it requires directly to win the heart or consumers
mainly children. This requires a lot of advertisement and promotional activities to be
carried on with the actual selling process.
The market's domination by Britannia's premium varieties is quite significant. In the last
two years, the company has also stepped up investments on products and brands to
further strengthen its hold over the market. Product innovation, involving the launch of
brands such as Tiger in the lower-end, Chekkers, JimJam, several varieties of the Cream
Treat brand, has been made by Britannia. Advertisement initiatives dovetailing with such
events as the World Cup, or with the holiday season, have helped the company maintain
its business edge.
The role of promotions for Britannia is especially important in this highly fragmented and
competitive market. Today, the company prides itself on communication that is
innovative, yet constantly able to strike a chord in the consumers' hearts and minds.
Britannia's promotions have virtually redefined consumer expectations from this
category.
Britannia uses both pull and push strategies
There most successful pull strategy to promote sales was the “Britannia khao, World cup
jao” and the lagaan cricket match .To reach out to the Indian consumer, Britannia has
successfully leveraged India's two prime passions - cricket and movies. Britannia
addressed these platforms in a manner true to its unique innovative style. It capitalized on
every Indian children‟s dream to watch a cricket World Cup match and created the
'Britannia Khao, World Cup Jao' contest in 1999. It based itself on instant gratification.
All the consumer needed to do was buy packs of Britannia biscuits, scratch a lucky card
and win an all-expenses paid trip to England to watch a World Cup match. This
promotion was so successful that it set a trend that has got every company scrambling for
tickets to take their consumers for the World Cup.
This promotion was repeated successfully in 2002/03 with the destination of choice being
South Africa. Taking the success further was the promotion of 'Britannia Khao, Cricketer
Ban Jao' that was fuelled by the need of every Indian to be a part of the passion called
cricket.
Britannia followed it up with another unique promotion, a vehicle that dealt with Indian
children other passion - movies. A promotion called 'Britannia Lagaan Match' that
revolved around a movie called Lagaan was based on a cricket match. This promotion
gave the children a chance to interact with the film stars and also get to play cricket with
them. The match had over 40,000 spectators and made the headlines of leading
newspapers and news channels.
Britannia promotions have proved to the marketing world that promotions per se need not
be only tactical but could also be strategic - used as a tool to further brand equity.
Britannia had an offer of collecting wrapper of biscuits and returning it back for gift also
uses its tiger, as mascot to promote the recent promotion with the tiger biscuits is that
children get free tiger scale, label and stickers. Britannia „cream treat‟ another brand from
Britannia biscuits also is on of the favorite among the children,. The company recently
offered a white marble free with every pack of Britannia Treat. The marble has a
caricature of an Indian Cricketer printed on it, an innovative conversion of craze for
cricket & cricketing stars exploited with a fresh perspective. Though marbles are played
at every nook and corner of India, they were never seen as an exciting and happening
game. The inclusion of the cricket factor has added an adrenaline push to this game. The
inclusion of cricket factor is sure to boost the popularity of this game. Besides, the
inclusion of cricketing personalities has also made them a collector‟s item among young
children. A excellent example of what a fresh perspective could do to a small product like
marble never seen as something very special among children. Britannia gave free cartoon
sticker with the 200gm pack and now they are giving a free card toys with it.
Britannia also uses a lot off push strategy to promote sales. They provide a discount and
display allowance to the retailer and wholesaler so as to attract children to buy their
product. They arrange a window display competition to attract retailers to buy more from
Britannia













Camlin
Camlin-art material and writing instruments. Virtually every artist and schoolgoer in
India knows Camlin's products well. Its art materials and geometry sets may be most
prominent, but they are a small part of a 200-product portfolio that caters to a wide
market that ranges from housewives to executives.
These products are sold through a nationwide distribution network that has 350
distributors and 30,000 retail outlets. They can introduce a new product in every corner of
the country in 15 days.
The current earnings per share of the company, which had sales of Rs 131 crore in 1997-
98, is close to Rs 10, almost doubling during the course of the year. The company expects
writing instruments and engineering and technical instruments to be major growth areas,
with rising education and literacy.
Camlin's promotional activity has tended to focus on developing the brand awareness
early they promote drawing and painting as that plays a major role in a child's
development. Every year they organize a national level drawing competition for
children." There were 2.5 million participants in the 2004 competition. This year, after
several years, Camlin has increased its advertising budget, which was quite insignificant
so far. Camlin faces competition from the unorganized sector, but they brushes it aside
saying it was always there, it will always be there, but will never pose a threat.
Camlin promotes with both pull and push strategy but it focus more on pull strategy.
Every child knows the name of Camlin product before he learn to write. Camlin provides
a full compass box with the purchase of pencil box i.e. it give eraser and sharpener free
with pencil box. They also give free paintbrush with the pastel colours. Along with the
national level painting competition it sponsors various school competition



Cartoon Network, Frito-Lay launches “Cubi-Tazo” promotion
Potato chips or wafers are one of the most popular snack items consumed in almost all
the parts of India.
Cartoon Network and Frito-Lay has entered into promotional licensing deal, where kids
can collect exclusive Cubi-Tazos featuring Scooby-Doo, with purchase of either a
Cheetos or an Uncle Chipps pack.
Today almost every Childs favorite snack is lays and Cheetos. The main reason for this is
the passion for cartoons in the children. Almost every child love to watch cartoon and
collect games stickers and every thing what has a cartoon picture on it. Frito lays has read
the mind of Indian child and very tactfully arranged its sale promotion by giving free
gifts with its chips. Frito Lay along with half-a-dozen other brands are exploring the
possibility of launching promotions centered on Beyblades. It started with the fun strip
with stories of cartoon on it then the stickers of cartoon favorites and the most liked
promotion of tazos. Every 9th child out of 10 had collection of tazos. Tazos promotion by
Frito lays lasted for more than a year.
With over 24 different Scooby-Doo designs, kids can start their very own collection.
Children can use their imagination and fashion the Cubi-Tazos into various shapes and
designs by simply connecting them. TV commercials, posters and leaflets will support
this
Pokemon fever
Then came the Pokemon fever in India .They are strange creatures with amazing magical
powers. They have weird names like Pikachu, Weedle and Zubat, and they exercise their
powers on children between the ages of six and 14.
They can be seen on the back of everything from cards to interactive toys to books,
DVDs, movies and a range of other products.
That's right. Pokemon fever which has already swept the globe, generating worldwide
liking And it isn't only toyshops. Grocery shops and kiosks are selling products like
Cheetos and other confectionaries giving Pokemon tazos stickers and Pokemon cards that
are making them the hottest munch in town.
But Pokemon isn't the only cartoon power brand which has caught the fancy of the
marketing gurus of modern India. There are numerous other licensing companies which
are capitalizing on the demands of a new generation of pester power kids.
After Pokemon cards, it is now time for Beyblades. And like Pokemon cards, which
became a rage after the cartoon characters, Beyblades are the next big thing to hit young
minds. Collecting them is a hobby with children these days.
Almost all the companies are now trying to use cartoon character to sell their products.
Frito lays is one such company, which is using this cartoon characters for sales
promotion. They started with giving free fun strips with its chips which had various
funny stories written on it. Then it was the tazo fever that was injected by Frito lays in the
children, almost every child had his own collections of tazos, which are like a asset to
them. And now it‟s the Pokemon card and Beyblades the recent cartoon character that is
making the children cry for the Frito lays products.









Suggestions
A sales promotion should not exploit the loyalty, credulity, vulnerability or lack of
experience of children:
 They should not be made to feel inferior or unpopular for not buying a particular
product;
 They should not be made to feel that they are lacking in courage, duty or loyalty if
they do not buy or do not encourage others to buy the product.
 They should not be asked to disclose personal information about themselves or
their families without having first obtained permission from their parents or
guardians.
 Promotions should not undermine the authority, responsibility or judgment of
parents and guardians. Promotions should not include any appeal to children to
persuade their parents or other adults to buy advertised products for them.
 A product that is part of a series should be clearly indicated as such and should
include the method of acquiring the series.
 Innovation should be there in the promotion strategy to survive in the competitive
market but the new concepts should be well informative to children







CONCLUSION
In today's time with the recession in the market continuing, the companies see promotion
as being immensely helpful in sustaining them in this tough period. Given the intense
competition that characterizes today's markets as well as media clutter, no brand can
afford to ignore promos. In fact, 30 percent of TV advertising is accounted for by the
consumer promotion advertisements. Hence, the verdict is clear, the Indian customer
wants more tangible benefits for his money rather than just hot air. So in order to gain
competitive advantage over their rivals, companies are better advised to develop suitable
promotions for their customers rather than just relying on advertising.What is required
today while designing promotions is a Strategic focus. The promotion must be focused
properly with the other elements of the marketing mix. If designed and implemented
properly promotions would become yet another weapon in the Brand manager's armory
for Brand building.
From the Company‟s point of view this is not a quick fix solution. Another point that
must be understood is that we cannot see Sales promotions in complete isolation.
Promotions alone cannot be used for Brand building for any reasonable length of time.
Towards the end one should understand the ways in which the promotions affect the
facets of the brand. The companies should lay down the objectives, which it wants to
achieve from the promotion. Once the objectives are in place they can design the
promotion strategy. One more important aspect that comes out about promotions is that
most of the promotions lack innovation. This seems to be the single most important
reason for the success behind any promotion strategy. Companies must come out with
new strategies for promotions and dare to be innovative.

Annexure
Beyblades the free gift with Bournvita 500gms pack
Free toys gifted at McDonald [with happy meal]
Pokemon card free with Frito lays [Cheetos]



















READERS PAGE

FRITOLAY INDIA takes kids for a ride!


I would like to bring your attention towards an edible item Masala Balls
manufactured by Frito-Lay India and sold with the brand name Cheetos MRP
RS.10/- had the following inscription on the backside of its cover.

GET A SURPRISE GIFT
Collect 3 of these coupons and send them to us at Chester Cheetos, Post
Box No. 27, DLF, Qutub Enclave, Ph-1, Guragon-122 002.
Well send you an exciting Pokemon fun gift.












Bibliography
Books referred
1. Marketing management - Philip Kotler and Kevin Keller
2. Principle of marketing –Kotler and Armstrong


Webliography
 www.google.com
 www.thehindubusinessline.com
 www.indiainfoline.com
 www.mcdonaldindia.com
 www.estrategicmarketing.com
 www.cadburyindia.com

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