Scaling Problems and Solutions in Petroleum Industry

Scaling problems and solutions in Petroleum Industry
Duration: 5days
Objective:
Scaling and corrosion are the biggest problems found in different
stages in oil industry, the main cause of these problems are water. Water
scale tendency prediction is very important in the oilfields because it is
usually involved and associated with the most common process facilities
(such as: formation water, cooling water, water flood & injection system,
boilers water, and others). The water scale behavior affects the operating
condition and the productivity of the oilfields. We must understand the
oilfields water properties and its scale tendency to avoid its bad side
effects, otherwise, scale formation could cause serious problems to the
production operations, i.e. corrosion, plugging… etc. The common scales
that could form from the natural water are Calcium Carbonate, Calcium
Sulphate, Iron corrosion products scales, Barium Sulphate, and Strontium
Sulphate. Each scale type required a certain ions concentration and
suitable operating condition to be formed.
Water geo-chemical analysis is usually used to report the chemical
composition of water constituents and to predict its behavior and
tendency to form scale. The data results are used to calculate the scale
formation tendency at the given operating conditions and to predict the
water behavior in the operating system. Finally, based on the results,
decision should be taken to treat the oilfields water if necessary (use of:
scale inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor, or biocide).

This subject will be very useful for all chemical laboratories members
that water is involved in their analysis jobs or if water is present in their
oilfield plant. It is preferable that the attendance be a chemist, chemical
engineer or lab technician with some experience in water analysis
procedures and methods.
Contents:
 Introduction to the water chemistry and fundamentals of water
analysis.
 Oilfield water sampling and physical properties determination.
 Water quantitative analysis techniques.
 Volumetric and Gravimetric analysis.
 Summary of water cations analysis.
 Summary of water anions analysis.
 Review for Hypothetical salts combination.
 Common scale in oilfield.
 Scale & solids (difference(
 Scale formation factors (PH, Temperature, dissolved salt,
 Scale tendency prediction.
 Calcium carbonate scale calculation.
 Calcium sulphate scale calculation.
 Iron corrosion products scale formation.
 Barium and Strontium scale formation.
 Scale identification and analysis.
 Scale inhibitors and prevention.
 Scale removing.
 Practical hypothetical salts combination examples and exercise.
 Simulated Computer software application for water analysis, salts
combination and scale tendency calculation.