The atmosphere at trial in June 1891 was described as being like a theatre. Edwa
rd was called as a witness, the first time the heir to the throne had been compe
lled to appear in court since 1411. Despite discrepancies in the evidence and a
strong closing speech by Gordon-Cumming's barrister, the jury found against him
after a summing-up from the judge that was described by some as biased. Gordon-C
umming was dismissed from the army and ostracised from society for life, though
public opinion was on his side.