Tezpur University Campus Project Edited (2)
Content
Tezpur University Campus Project
Ajeet Kumara, Pallavi Saikiab, Mousumi Baniac, P. Jarken Buid, Jehinder Singhe, Preetam Bannerjeef, Azaz Ahmed g ,Bibhuti Bhushan Bhardwaj h, Gangaram Sapkotai, Sanjib Baruahj, Baishali Choudhuryk, Angshuman M Saharial E-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
d g
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
j
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Aim of the Project
The purpose of this project is to find out the various problems which are related to Transportation Engineering and Planning. A brief analysis to those problems and its recommended solutions and observations are the main feature of this Campus Project.
Overview of the project
For this project purpose the whole B.Tech students from the Department of Civil engineering (4th semester) students worked throughout the university campus. Accordingly different problems are mentioned for each zone. For convenience the whole group of students were initially divided into 6 groups of two students and after the completion of individual group’s task all the problems are combined to have the final project. The students engaged in the projects are as given belowGroup1:CIB09001 and CIB09002-Zone No. 4 and 8 Group2:CIB09004 and CIB09005-Zone No.14 and 10 Group3:CIB09012 and CIB09019-Zone No.15, 6 and 12 Group4:CIB09014 and CIB09017-Zone No.11 and 13 Group5:CIB09015 and CIB09016-Zone No.5, 2 and 3
Group6:CIB09018 and CIB09021-Zone No.1, 7 and 9
Terminologies
1. Super elevation: In order to counter the effect of centrifugal force and to reduce the tendency of the vehicle to overturn or skid, the outer edge of the pavement is raised with respect to the inner edge, thus providing a transverse slope throughout the length of the horizontal curve. This transverse inclination with respect to the pavement is known as super-elevation. 2. Sight distance: Length of the road visible ahead to the driver of a vehicle at any instance is known as sight distance. 3. Off tracking: An automobile has a rigid wheel base and only the front wheel can be turned when this vehicle turn to negotiate a horizontal curve, the rare wheel don’t follow the same path as that of front wheels. This phenomenon is known as off tracking. 4. Horizontal curve: It is the curve in plan to provide change in direction to the central line of a road. 5. Parking zones: These are some regions provided on urban roads for the parking of the vehicles. 6. Shoulder: These are provided along the road to serve as an emergency lane for vehicle compelled to be taken out of the pavement or roadway.
The Tezpur University Campus Map is given below-
The University campus map after it is divided into various zones is given below-
Zone-1
CIVIL DEPT.
FPT DEPT.
CENTRAL WORKSHOP
MECH. DEPT.
DEAN’S BUILDING
CSE. DEPT.
1
SoE CANTEEN
ECE DEPT.
3
2
The road map of the zone-1 is shown in figure. During the observation some problems are noticed. This are given below with some possible solutions1. Curve at the intersection in front of dean’s building is sharp in nature. Possibility of “off tracking” is very high in this region. That is why, suitable extra widening should be provided so as to overcome off-tracking. 2. Proper shoulder should be provided on the roads of this zone. 3. An extra road may be provided between ECE building and the road in front of MBA building for the help of pedestrians.
Zone-2
Intersection-1
As bus passes through this path, it should be widened enough to minimize accidents. Intersection-2
(1) Super-elevation is to be introduced to ease out turning of vehicles as it negotiates the sharp turn while moving from scholars’ hostel via edging the corner to guest house. (2) Moreover, the outer curves at the intersection should have larger radius.
Intersection-3
(1) As we traverse from the RS hostel to the water tank or vice versa, a smoother curve having larger radius is required. (2) Creepers and climbers those are obstructing vision can be removed. Suitable trees can be planted instead. Intersection-4
(1) Super elevation provided at the intersection is not sufficient.
(2) Area at the intersection can be increased and a triangular rotary can be provided to direct traffic. Intersection-5
(1) The curve is somewhat sharp and is difficult to negotiate. (2) The radius of the curve should be increased and also psychological widening may be introduced. Intersection-6
(1) The intersection should be widened so that heavy vehicles can negotiate the turn with ease. (2) Neon lights can be provided to denote the presence of water body so as to avoid accidents late night.
Intersection-7
(1) It is one of the major accident-prone intersections of the University. (2) The curves transiting into the main road should have larger radius, thereby vehicles can negotiate it comfortably. (3) If possible the main road can be widened to some extent. Speed breakers are another option.
Zone-3
Intersection-1
(1) Dense bushes should be cleared to aid sight distance. (2) Suitable trees can be planted instead. Intersection-2
(1) The intersection area can be widened by providing smoother transition curves. (2) Choking of traffic can be prevented by widening the roads at this point.
Zone-4
As students come along AB, speed breakers are necessary along CB and DE.
Zone-5
Intersection-1
(1) Though four wheelers don’t choose this path, but two wheelers like motorcycles, cycles get distracted of vision because of the trees. (2) The branches of these four trees can be trimmed up to a level of minimum 1.5 meter from the ground.
(3) Proper signboards should be given to indicate the presence of water body. Section-2
(1) These broken pavements should be should be filled up as it is mitigating the beauty (though it is indirectly playing the role of speed breaker).
Intersection-3
(1) Neon lights should be provided by the side of the water bodies to get rid of unwanted accidents during night. (2) A triangular shaped block can be provided in the intersection of the three roads. (3) Bushes should be cleared off to ensure greater sight distance. Intersection-4
(1) Bushes should be cleared as these grow much taller during the rainy season. (2) Suitable trees should be planted in order to avoid obscuring of vision as well as to provide shade.
Zone-6
1) Cross Section of the road – (1) Shape and cross slope - The shape of the cross slope is parabolic.
(2)
Pavement or surface characteristicsPavement1 and 2 => smooth and even Pavement3 => uneven surface with broken sides Pavement4 => broken and uneven road.
1) Sight Distance considerations(1) Safe sight distance at intersectionsThe design of sight distance at intersections may be based on three possible conditions1) Enabling the approaching vehicle to change speed: 2) Enabling the approaching vehicle to stop; 3) Enabling the stopped vehicle to cross a main road. 2) Traffic Characteristics ( Suggestions ) – 1) Dividers in pavement1 to monitor the traffic flow or a speed breaker (shown in the fig.1).
2) Proposed speed breaker in pavement4 to slow down the traffic coming from that direction. 3) In the intersections sign boards can be put warning of the curve. 4) The transition curve of the pavement4 curve is very short. It can be corrected by widening the road.
Zone-7
3
ACADEMIC BUILDING
MCJ BLDG
1, 2
ACADEMIC BLDG
The road map of the zone-7 is shown in figure. During the observation some problems are noticed. These are given below with some possible solutions. 1. At this point as shown in the road map near MCJ building, no super elevation is there. So, super elevation should be provided at this region. 2. Trees at this point (near MCJ building) cause the problem to sight distance. So, trees at this region should be cleared off. 3. Intersection point near Academic building as shown in road map is of narrow width. So, proper width should be provided at this region. 4. Road near academic block is wearing out. So, it should be repaired so that vehicle can pass the road comfortably. 5. Shoulder at this region is not proper. That is why suitable shoulder should be given at this zone.
Zone-8
Problems noticed in the zone 8 are discussed below1. Sight distance is little bit less between points 1 and 2 because of trees and bushes besides the road. 2. Proper super elevation should be provided between point 1 and 2.
Zone-9
COMMUNITY HALL
B. M. HOSTEL
TENNIS COURT ENERGY
1 2 1. At this point near “Takshashila Bidyapith” vehicular traffic is high in the morning and at noon especially at the intersection-1 point as shown in the road map. Speed breaker should be provided near this point.
TAKSHASHILA
2. At this point parking of vehicles on the road rise problems in some time. So, a parking place can be provided at this region for the parking of the vehicles so that they can’t create any problem on the road.
Zone-10
KMH
NMH
CMH
SUPERELEVATION
Maintenances 1) The junction between the main road and the way to Charaideo Men’s hostel should be made wider. 2) Super elevation should be provided near the sports field and the light post in the curve between CMH and NMH. 3) Pavement surface is not even.
4) Problems arise in having sideway turning from the hostel to the main road due to presence of light post. 5) The culvert pavement is inclined downwards and so it should be made smooth and inclined upwards so that it would act as a speed breaker.
Zone-11
Figure (i)
Observations
1. Curves are sharp. 2. Sight distance problem is there at each and every intersection curves. Problems 1. At point 6 in the figure (i) the intersection is found to be unsatisfied and weird because the central line of the four intersecting roadways do not meet at a single common point.
Figure (ii) Observations
1. Obstruction to vision. 2. Colony roads are narrower than a general single lane supposed to be and moreover branches of trees are creating obstruction to vision. Problems 1. At point (5) in the figure (ii), presence of garage at the intersection is creating vision obstruction and eventually may lead to accidents. 2. Road sides are filled with soil and dusts which might be severely negatively effective during rainy seasons. 3. Street lights are placed only on one side of the road. Overall solutions 1. Protruding branches should be cut down. 2. Road sides must be filled with brick bats or stones. 3. Street lights could be placed alternatively.
Zone-12
Shape and cross slopeThe shape of the cross slope is parabolic.
1) Sight Distance considerationsSafe sight distance at intersectionsThe design of sight distance at intersections may be based on three possible conditionsEnabling the approaching vehicle to change speed. Enabling the approaching vehicle to stop. 2) Traffic Characteristics ( Suggestions)1) The curve at the intersection between pavement1 and pavement2 can be made smoother by lengthening the transition curve. 2) Plant trees on the roadside in pavement 3.
Zone-13
Observations 1. Obstruction to vision. 2. Curvature and super elevation is fine, considering it to be a colony roadway. 3. Absence of speed breaker. 4. Curvature is sharp. Problems 1. Due to the presence of garage and trees at point (1) as shown in figure, obstruction to vision is observed which might lead to accidents as it is single lane road and also a residential area. 2. Absence of speed breaker at point (3) as shown in figure is making it vulnerable to accidents.
3. At point 4 as shown in figure (i) curvature is sharp.
Zone-14
House
CANTEEN HEALTH CENTRE
HOUSE HOUSE
Maintenances 1) Pavement is very small, widening is required. 2) Sideway canals should be provided for drawdown of water otherwise there may be erosion problem. 3) Pavement is full of ditches and a repairman is required near the main gate. 4) No special recommendation for parking lot. 5) Slope is not good in the particular area.
Conclusion
With the help of this project, it can be concluded that the whole university campus roads need a little bit of improvement in regard of their pavement width, evenness of the pavement surface or sight distance. The climbers or creepers present at various intersections should be replaced by suitable trees. Super-elevation already available seems not to be sufficient enough in helping the cars or buses to negotiate the curves smoothly. Neon lights as well as parking lots are not present where it is supposed to be. So the above mentioned suggestions can play an important role in providing comfort to the pedestrians and the car or bus users. So, basically this report contains suggestions dealing with common problems encountered in various intersections of the university.
Ajeet Kumara, Pallavi Saikiab, Mousumi Baniac, P. Jarken Buid, Jehinder Singhe, Preetam Bannerjeef, Azaz Ahmed g ,Bibhuti Bhushan Bhardwaj h, Gangaram Sapkotai, Sanjib Baruahj, Baishali Choudhuryk, Angshuman M Saharial E-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
d g
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
j
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Aim of the Project
The purpose of this project is to find out the various problems which are related to Transportation Engineering and Planning. A brief analysis to those problems and its recommended solutions and observations are the main feature of this Campus Project.
Overview of the project
For this project purpose the whole B.Tech students from the Department of Civil engineering (4th semester) students worked throughout the university campus. Accordingly different problems are mentioned for each zone. For convenience the whole group of students were initially divided into 6 groups of two students and after the completion of individual group’s task all the problems are combined to have the final project. The students engaged in the projects are as given belowGroup1:CIB09001 and CIB09002-Zone No. 4 and 8 Group2:CIB09004 and CIB09005-Zone No.14 and 10 Group3:CIB09012 and CIB09019-Zone No.15, 6 and 12 Group4:CIB09014 and CIB09017-Zone No.11 and 13 Group5:CIB09015 and CIB09016-Zone No.5, 2 and 3
Group6:CIB09018 and CIB09021-Zone No.1, 7 and 9
Terminologies
1. Super elevation: In order to counter the effect of centrifugal force and to reduce the tendency of the vehicle to overturn or skid, the outer edge of the pavement is raised with respect to the inner edge, thus providing a transverse slope throughout the length of the horizontal curve. This transverse inclination with respect to the pavement is known as super-elevation. 2. Sight distance: Length of the road visible ahead to the driver of a vehicle at any instance is known as sight distance. 3. Off tracking: An automobile has a rigid wheel base and only the front wheel can be turned when this vehicle turn to negotiate a horizontal curve, the rare wheel don’t follow the same path as that of front wheels. This phenomenon is known as off tracking. 4. Horizontal curve: It is the curve in plan to provide change in direction to the central line of a road. 5. Parking zones: These are some regions provided on urban roads for the parking of the vehicles. 6. Shoulder: These are provided along the road to serve as an emergency lane for vehicle compelled to be taken out of the pavement or roadway.
The Tezpur University Campus Map is given below-
The University campus map after it is divided into various zones is given below-
Zone-1
CIVIL DEPT.
FPT DEPT.
CENTRAL WORKSHOP
MECH. DEPT.
DEAN’S BUILDING
CSE. DEPT.
1
SoE CANTEEN
ECE DEPT.
3
2
The road map of the zone-1 is shown in figure. During the observation some problems are noticed. This are given below with some possible solutions1. Curve at the intersection in front of dean’s building is sharp in nature. Possibility of “off tracking” is very high in this region. That is why, suitable extra widening should be provided so as to overcome off-tracking. 2. Proper shoulder should be provided on the roads of this zone. 3. An extra road may be provided between ECE building and the road in front of MBA building for the help of pedestrians.
Zone-2
Intersection-1
As bus passes through this path, it should be widened enough to minimize accidents. Intersection-2
(1) Super-elevation is to be introduced to ease out turning of vehicles as it negotiates the sharp turn while moving from scholars’ hostel via edging the corner to guest house. (2) Moreover, the outer curves at the intersection should have larger radius.
Intersection-3
(1) As we traverse from the RS hostel to the water tank or vice versa, a smoother curve having larger radius is required. (2) Creepers and climbers those are obstructing vision can be removed. Suitable trees can be planted instead. Intersection-4
(1) Super elevation provided at the intersection is not sufficient.
(2) Area at the intersection can be increased and a triangular rotary can be provided to direct traffic. Intersection-5
(1) The curve is somewhat sharp and is difficult to negotiate. (2) The radius of the curve should be increased and also psychological widening may be introduced. Intersection-6
(1) The intersection should be widened so that heavy vehicles can negotiate the turn with ease. (2) Neon lights can be provided to denote the presence of water body so as to avoid accidents late night.
Intersection-7
(1) It is one of the major accident-prone intersections of the University. (2) The curves transiting into the main road should have larger radius, thereby vehicles can negotiate it comfortably. (3) If possible the main road can be widened to some extent. Speed breakers are another option.
Zone-3
Intersection-1
(1) Dense bushes should be cleared to aid sight distance. (2) Suitable trees can be planted instead. Intersection-2
(1) The intersection area can be widened by providing smoother transition curves. (2) Choking of traffic can be prevented by widening the roads at this point.
Zone-4
As students come along AB, speed breakers are necessary along CB and DE.
Zone-5
Intersection-1
(1) Though four wheelers don’t choose this path, but two wheelers like motorcycles, cycles get distracted of vision because of the trees. (2) The branches of these four trees can be trimmed up to a level of minimum 1.5 meter from the ground.
(3) Proper signboards should be given to indicate the presence of water body. Section-2
(1) These broken pavements should be should be filled up as it is mitigating the beauty (though it is indirectly playing the role of speed breaker).
Intersection-3
(1) Neon lights should be provided by the side of the water bodies to get rid of unwanted accidents during night. (2) A triangular shaped block can be provided in the intersection of the three roads. (3) Bushes should be cleared off to ensure greater sight distance. Intersection-4
(1) Bushes should be cleared as these grow much taller during the rainy season. (2) Suitable trees should be planted in order to avoid obscuring of vision as well as to provide shade.
Zone-6
1) Cross Section of the road – (1) Shape and cross slope - The shape of the cross slope is parabolic.
(2)
Pavement or surface characteristicsPavement1 and 2 => smooth and even Pavement3 => uneven surface with broken sides Pavement4 => broken and uneven road.
1) Sight Distance considerations(1) Safe sight distance at intersectionsThe design of sight distance at intersections may be based on three possible conditions1) Enabling the approaching vehicle to change speed: 2) Enabling the approaching vehicle to stop; 3) Enabling the stopped vehicle to cross a main road. 2) Traffic Characteristics ( Suggestions ) – 1) Dividers in pavement1 to monitor the traffic flow or a speed breaker (shown in the fig.1).
2) Proposed speed breaker in pavement4 to slow down the traffic coming from that direction. 3) In the intersections sign boards can be put warning of the curve. 4) The transition curve of the pavement4 curve is very short. It can be corrected by widening the road.
Zone-7
3
ACADEMIC BUILDING
MCJ BLDG
1, 2
ACADEMIC BLDG
The road map of the zone-7 is shown in figure. During the observation some problems are noticed. These are given below with some possible solutions. 1. At this point as shown in the road map near MCJ building, no super elevation is there. So, super elevation should be provided at this region. 2. Trees at this point (near MCJ building) cause the problem to sight distance. So, trees at this region should be cleared off. 3. Intersection point near Academic building as shown in road map is of narrow width. So, proper width should be provided at this region. 4. Road near academic block is wearing out. So, it should be repaired so that vehicle can pass the road comfortably. 5. Shoulder at this region is not proper. That is why suitable shoulder should be given at this zone.
Zone-8
Problems noticed in the zone 8 are discussed below1. Sight distance is little bit less between points 1 and 2 because of trees and bushes besides the road. 2. Proper super elevation should be provided between point 1 and 2.
Zone-9
COMMUNITY HALL
B. M. HOSTEL
TENNIS COURT ENERGY
1 2 1. At this point near “Takshashila Bidyapith” vehicular traffic is high in the morning and at noon especially at the intersection-1 point as shown in the road map. Speed breaker should be provided near this point.
TAKSHASHILA
2. At this point parking of vehicles on the road rise problems in some time. So, a parking place can be provided at this region for the parking of the vehicles so that they can’t create any problem on the road.
Zone-10
KMH
NMH
CMH
SUPERELEVATION
Maintenances 1) The junction between the main road and the way to Charaideo Men’s hostel should be made wider. 2) Super elevation should be provided near the sports field and the light post in the curve between CMH and NMH. 3) Pavement surface is not even.
4) Problems arise in having sideway turning from the hostel to the main road due to presence of light post. 5) The culvert pavement is inclined downwards and so it should be made smooth and inclined upwards so that it would act as a speed breaker.
Zone-11
Figure (i)
Observations
1. Curves are sharp. 2. Sight distance problem is there at each and every intersection curves. Problems 1. At point 6 in the figure (i) the intersection is found to be unsatisfied and weird because the central line of the four intersecting roadways do not meet at a single common point.
Figure (ii) Observations
1. Obstruction to vision. 2. Colony roads are narrower than a general single lane supposed to be and moreover branches of trees are creating obstruction to vision. Problems 1. At point (5) in the figure (ii), presence of garage at the intersection is creating vision obstruction and eventually may lead to accidents. 2. Road sides are filled with soil and dusts which might be severely negatively effective during rainy seasons. 3. Street lights are placed only on one side of the road. Overall solutions 1. Protruding branches should be cut down. 2. Road sides must be filled with brick bats or stones. 3. Street lights could be placed alternatively.
Zone-12
Shape and cross slopeThe shape of the cross slope is parabolic.
1) Sight Distance considerationsSafe sight distance at intersectionsThe design of sight distance at intersections may be based on three possible conditionsEnabling the approaching vehicle to change speed. Enabling the approaching vehicle to stop. 2) Traffic Characteristics ( Suggestions)1) The curve at the intersection between pavement1 and pavement2 can be made smoother by lengthening the transition curve. 2) Plant trees on the roadside in pavement 3.
Zone-13
Observations 1. Obstruction to vision. 2. Curvature and super elevation is fine, considering it to be a colony roadway. 3. Absence of speed breaker. 4. Curvature is sharp. Problems 1. Due to the presence of garage and trees at point (1) as shown in figure, obstruction to vision is observed which might lead to accidents as it is single lane road and also a residential area. 2. Absence of speed breaker at point (3) as shown in figure is making it vulnerable to accidents.
3. At point 4 as shown in figure (i) curvature is sharp.
Zone-14
House
CANTEEN HEALTH CENTRE
HOUSE HOUSE
Maintenances 1) Pavement is very small, widening is required. 2) Sideway canals should be provided for drawdown of water otherwise there may be erosion problem. 3) Pavement is full of ditches and a repairman is required near the main gate. 4) No special recommendation for parking lot. 5) Slope is not good in the particular area.
Conclusion
With the help of this project, it can be concluded that the whole university campus roads need a little bit of improvement in regard of their pavement width, evenness of the pavement surface or sight distance. The climbers or creepers present at various intersections should be replaced by suitable trees. Super-elevation already available seems not to be sufficient enough in helping the cars or buses to negotiate the curves smoothly. Neon lights as well as parking lots are not present where it is supposed to be. So the above mentioned suggestions can play an important role in providing comfort to the pedestrians and the car or bus users. So, basically this report contains suggestions dealing with common problems encountered in various intersections of the university.
