of
Planning and distribution
family life For the recluse
rooms
and
"
craftsman
brain-worker
and
in
the
Its
advantages
cottage
room
in
drawbacks
^The
the
For
"
invalid
The
"
**
and
hall
^The
"
workman's
"
student
for
living-room" plan
'*main
stairways
sitting rooms
Chapter
and
The
"
of space
^The
"
Provision
"
home
at
.63
.
parlour"
passages
or
tion
recep-
Economy
"
Bed
"
"
bed-
and
play-room.
84
VIII
......
Roofs, attics, and
roof-tree
the
The
roofs
The
"
The
central
and
and
"
"
of
covering
of
grouping
house
the
to
pitch
windows
chimneys
"
barge-board
The
of attics.
charm
97
fireplace
fireplace to
^The
chimneys
of
poetry
......
Dimensions,
the
"
eaves
and
and
Beauty
"
The
"
Dormer
"
IX
Chapter
"
chimney
of
Treatment
"
Trap-doors
and
Relation
"
exterior
the
chimneys
"
The
position,
the
furnishing of
room
the
mantelpiece
and
structure
Materials
"
ingle-nook
grates.
"
"
Vlll
"
and
"
and
"
chimney
Relation
treatment
Modern
stoves
of
Contents
Pagr
xoS
X
Chaptxr
.....
.
Ventilation
and
windows
schemes
and
casements
Use
"
coloured
of
windows
of
Chapter
colour
rooms
and
and
lunettes
and
Bays
"
Cornices
"
Upper
"
"
stairs, passages,
for curtains
windows
Lighting and
glass Height of
"
of
position
Lighting
of
Arrangement
"
cupboards
"
tures
Fix-
"
picture-rails.
XI
and
Fixtures
building of
and
"
furniture
recesses
dark
Chapter
room
for
"
Staircase
"
The
boards
cup-
book-shelves,
Shutters
furnishing
"
well
be
must
cottages
house
Dressers,
"
Suggestions
"
Week-end
"
the
into
shelves
and
fittings Cupboards
The
"
X19
.
.....
locked
up.
XII
iij
......
Principles of
decoration
Treatment
"
of surfaces
of traditional
Use
forms
Labour-saving
"
of enamel
""
art
new
Chapter
"
of
expense
Suitabilityof
"
and
Lead
"
"
of wood
painting
and
tendencies
their
simplicity
ornament
the white
cottage-cleaning
in
^The
"
The
"
Possibilities
metal
and
"
Some
dangers.
XIII
.
in
Harmony
pattern
"
symbolic
"
"
metals
names
path
walls
interior
decorations
Weather-vanes
Hedges
"
"
"
and
and
Decoration
"
decorations
Wall-papers
lamps
Gate
Treatment
and
.141
.
"
"
of
"
the
fences
and
stencilling
lanterns
of
Use
"
common
porch
Favourite
and
Cottage
"
Palings
sundials
numbers
^The
and
grounds
of
abuse
and
entrance
boundary
in
village
settlements.
Index
14^
.......
ix
List
Illustrations
of
View
Dairtman's
A
"
Cottage,
{Deimar
shirs
BltnVf
Wilsford,
Wilt-
Architect^
.
Ground
First
and
Dunn
View
(5*
Cottages
View
Cottages
An
to* Watson,
Surrey
View
Common
The
Interior,
Architects)
Ingle
from
Ground
Wiltshire
Wiltshire
(Detmar
Biow,
(Detmar
Cottage
at
and
(Detmar
Blow,
at
"
Ground
(Detmar
Blvw,
Blow,
First
.
Page
.
Wallcott.
14
1
a
.
.
^7
Bacton
To
.
.
.
face page
1%
Lodge
Roeuampton
"
Bloiv,
Architect)
.
xi
7
Gap
Gap,
Architect)
/ace page
Gap
Architect)
Floors
To
Architect)
Wallcott,
Wallcott
"l
Wils-
Architect)
"
(Detmar
,,
Dairyman's
Blow,
at
Cottage
Floor
View
lO
.
Cottage,
(Detmar
Cottage
"
Ba^VOS
Surrey
in
A
Dairyman's
A
Floor
First
,,
-^^^^
"
BacTON
.
.....
View
Ground
8
Architects')
Architects)
Floors
WiLSFORD,
Architect)
ford,
in
"
Cottage,
Another
Watson
Cottages
"
\Sf Watson,
First
and
.
Cottages
j
Nook
Dunn
(Messrs
.
"
(5*
4
,,6
.
Room
Dunn
(^Messrs
face fag*
(Messrs
Surrey
in
%
to*
....
"
Dunn
Dunn
(Messrs
Pagt
.
.
To
Architects')
Another
Archttecti)
Surrey
in
"
Watson,
Watson^
Surrey
im
"
(^Messrs
A
Cottages
Floors
Frontispitet
.
.
"
i"
^O
of Illustrations
L,i$t
View
Cottage
A
"
{builtby
8BIRE
Architects^
Grou.vd
.
View
Ground
Buckinghamshire
Farm,
(C
....
Types
First
Floors
Cottages
"
Alder-
at
(C Spooner,
Architect)
ton
Sheds
of
Cottages
5"
Bakehouse
and
Alderton
View
Farm,
.
and
Plan
.
Spooner^Architect^
Uncommon
and
"
Cottage
A
"
(C
Spooner^
Architect)
Common
Grinson,
.
Floors
Cottage
A
"
",
and
,
Buckinghamshire
Leice6T"r-
Park,
Blotv
Detmar
First
and
Bradgate
in
Cottages
"
( C, Spooner,Architect)
Garden
the
from
,
,
(C Spooner,Architect)
Alderton
at
at
Cottages
"
Sussex
in
(C Spooner,Architect)
A
Cottage
Sussex
in
View
"
Garden
the
from
(C SpoonerjArchitect)
View
"
Cottage
A
Quantocks,
the
in
(C SpooneryArchitect)
View
"
Another
Somerset
An
Cottage
Quantocks,
in
Kitchen
Cottages
Cottage
in
the
Elevation
Five-roomed
"
(C Spooner,Architect)
Floor
A
A
(C Spooner,
Architect)
Elevation
Stables, Burt-in-Sussex
Ground
Quantocks,
the
.
Sketch
and
"
Somerset
Sketch
and
Plans
,
,
(C. Spooner,Architect)
Interior, The
Plans
Somerset
(3
Cottage,
Bedrooms
Chislehurst
Cottages
"
and
(C Spooner,
Architect)
First
on
(E,
J.
Floor)
May,
"
tect)
Archi-
......
View
"
A
Cottage,
Architect)
Chislehurst
{E.
"
.
.
,
Xll
J.
May,
33
of Illustrations
List
Ingle
Parlour
in
J.
{E,
Ground
5us8EX
Pair
A
(G.
LL
Ground
A
"
CoBAT
Interior
of
Smee
"
Ground
LI.
(G.
Cob
Floor
Cottage,
(G.
AY
LL
Surrey
Floor
Surrey
Cottage,
Surrey
Ground
Floor
"
Floor
"
Cottage
"
"
^A
Cottage
.
*"
Dunbar
.
Holiday
Cottage,
Smith,
Dunbar
A.
To
.....
Cottage
at
Clandon
at
P^^g'66
{Harold
Clandon
at
.
.
""
.
.
67
{Harold Falkner,
Clandon
To
{W,
Stables
with
62
{Harold
....
hatv, Architect)
face page
....
Cottage
Architect)
View
A,
.
and
Falkner, Architect)
View
n
61
Falkner, Architect)
First
.
Holiday
and
.
Brewer
(^Cecii
Architects)
.
Brewer
Country
Children's
"
Dunbar
A.
Country
( Cecil
Smith, Architects)
View
57
Houdat
.
.
Children's
"
""
^O
Smith, Architects)
First
Country
and
55
for
Architect)
(Crfi/Brewer
""
.
Cuttage
Morris,
54
Smce
.
Children's
"
Messrs
Week-End
Same
"
n
Room
Architect)
y
S3
.
Living
for
Morris
H.
Cow
face page
68
lis68
n
.
.
"
"
Xlll
"
1
Sussex
.
of
Cottage
End
.
Plan
Showing
"
5
""
.
Cottages,
Morris, Architect)
Week-
IN
Weer-End
Page
Cottages,
Morrisy Architect)
of
Floor
View
LL
/ace page 50
.
.
Week-End
of
.
Cottages
Week-End
of
Pair
^A
(G.
Sussex
"
To
.
Morr'Uf Architect)
U,
(G.
"
Pair
A
"
Fioor
View
Cuisleuurst
Cottage,
Mayy Architect)
Floor
First
A
"
List
Ground
Floor
of Illustrations
Cottage
"
Atkinson^ Architect)
First
Floor
Cottage
"
y
View
"
Cottage
Floor
Ground
F.
.
.
Floor
in
Atkinson, Architect)
View
Cottage
"
View
,
,
,
Architect)
.
,
Row
A
Lorimer, Architect)
Ground
Floor
Mils
Mile
(6*.F.
{F. W.
Floor
(F.
JV,
Floor
(F.
IV.
Floor
Attic
(F.
W.
A
"
Farm
A
Farm
A
Farm
""
74
""
75
""
7^
""
79
{H,
S.
^Three
"
.
.
.
Cottage,
.
Cottage,
Troup,Architect)
.
xiv
.
Page 84
""
85
.
""
87
.
""
89
.
""
9^
.
"
9*
.
Cottages,
Troup, Architect)
Cottage,
80
Shottkr's
Cottages,
Floor
face page
Shotter*s
Cottages,
Troup, Architect)
"
,
To
Troup, Architect)
"
,
,
Voysey, Architect)
First
and
Puttenden
Ground
A.
.
....
of
73t
Atkinson,
Colinton
at
of
""
(i?. F. Atkinson,
Voysey, Architect)
Pair
A
"
Floor
Ground
A.
(C. F,
Floor
First
Pair
A
"
.
.
,
Cottagcs
of
F.
.
Chislehurst
7^
(JR.
.
(R,
""
(JR. F.
.
at
"
.
.
Staffordshire
Cottage
"
View
First
.
Staffordshire
in
Architect)
.
Staffordshire
Architect)
70
F. Atkinson,
.
in
Cottage
"
.
.
(A
^^S^
F.
(R.
.
Cottage
f
First
.
CuiSLEhUR"T
"
Atkinson
Chislehurst
at
Architect)
(i?.F,
....
at
Architect)
Atkinson
Chisleiiurst
at
.
Puttenden
.
Puttenden
.
Puttenden
.
**Vi"VB"wa
Plans
Five
"
List
of Illustrations
Cottages,
Woking,
(^Horace
Surrey
FieldjArchitect)
View
To
Field, Architect)
View
Two
"
Cottages,
Two
"
Cottages,
Two
"
View
^Two
"
Surrey
Bramlky,
.
.
The
"
Plans
F.
Architect)
View"
Front
Sussex
{E,
The
W,
Croft,
Ikgle
Garden
Nook
{E,
W.
Sussex
in
.
"
Sussex
{E,
"
,,
106
106
Cherry
.
Croft,
Hall
"
Croft,
Marshall, Architect)
.
XV
II
4
iig
.
,,
.
,,
Cherry
"
Marshall, Architect)
Cherry
face page
Sussex
.
(First Floor)
(-".W,
W,
To
.
Marshall, Architect)
Corridor
Croft,
,,
Marshall,
W,
,
Long
104
P^*g* m
Cherry
from
.
.....
.
View
face page
Shackleford,
{E,
Marshall, Architect)
A
I
Surrey
.
Voysey,Architect
Croft,
Cherry
"
A,
ID
( Horace
.
"Norney,"
Lodge,
(C
Surrey
Surrey
Bramley,
{HoraceField,Architect)
View
Page
,
To
Cottages,
face page 9S
{Horace
,
,
.
97
{Horace
Surrey
Bramley,
Field, Architect)
Back
Page
To
Cottages,
Two
"
{Horace
....
Cottages,
96
,,
.
Surrey
Ripley,
Field,Architect)
View
.
....
Field, Architect)
Plans
face page ^
Cottages, Woking,
Ripley,
Field, Architect)
View
Five
"
Field,Architect)
(^Horace
Surrey
Plans
....
Laundry
showing
9$
(^Horace
Surrey
Wokino,
Cottages,
Five
"
^^g*
.
.
I2"
Sussex
126
.
.
,,
List
The
Hall
Cherry
"
of Illustrations
Sussex
Croft,
{E,
W,
Marshall^ Architect)
^"ige1
....
The
Garden
"
Sussex
Croft,
Cherry
(.5.
33
W.
.
To
Marshall^ Architect)
.
,
Another
Sussex
A
Third
Sussex
View
from
{E, W,
View
(".
from
W,
Garden
.
Cherry
"
Marshall, Architect)
Garden
"
XVI
1
34
Croft,
.
Cherry
Marshall^ Architect)
face page
.
"}
13^
"
138
Croft,
.
.
'V
The
C0UN7Rr
C077AGE
Chapter
I.
Introductory
"
THE
"
the
is
country
of
class
olden
the
the
ais
of
man
ministered
the
of
joy
with
barefoot
from
duties
of
indeed
to
of
up
The
every
found
in
as
of
hewing
have
kind
of
of wood
and
inevitable
amazed
of
kinds
the
are
domestic
pleasure,
which
to
go
cottage-builder
wanted
to
life that
The
home
princesses of
the
royal
I
went
Saturday Night."
it confronts
cottages
his
on
choice,
been
interest
"Cotter's
whom
lass
chief of the
social
that
for
from
English society.
younger
A
modern
is
the
would
parson
largely
than
the
sumably
pre-
cottager
cottage
widely different
and
problem,
to-day,
almost
our
the
as
Burns
the
occupation,
make
water
The
life.
were
kindly
rather
accepted
life.
see
squire.
poverty
drawing of
the
of
the
kindred
her
and
of
the
the
depend
must
longer
mode
hymned
one
any
any
family festivals,and
living
relations
to
cottages
whom
toil, to
his
at
in
in
cottage
it
humble
a
Poets
poor.
is
nor
dwellers
the
days
""a
confined
not
people,
significant of
In
for
demand
increasing
can
of
blood
suit
be
of
one
is
a
The
cottage
house
of
of
Country Cottage
smaller
much
many
tradesman.
prosperous
a
than
dimensions
the
Its
2r
Floor
Ground
-..-J
-rf"-
Tmil^iiiif
Floor
First
COTTAGE
Messrs
Dunn
IN
^
SURREY
Watson
Architects
^
"
lies in
elegance
of
and frugality
what
life
"
it fulfils of
much
so
2
that
easier
simplicity
to
conceive
Introductory
than
live
to
of
word
the
for
the
in
labourers
bitterlythat
the
to
their land.
leisured
of the
for
and
from
may
where
the
in
natural
to
return
the
their
work
and
towards
more
or
women
3
and
secure
they
quently
fre-
retire
where
town;
panionship
com-
peacefulatmosphere,
a
be
the
recruit
may
healthily and
love
much
of fresh
advocated
philosopherswelcome
country
of
of the
"
of average
wholesome
nature," which
and
a
woman,
children
scenery,
lock
dead-
a
country, where
in
the
to
unpretentious
convalescent
and
movement
men
the
enjoyed in
the symptom
many
districts,and
rapidly growing
seclusion,
in
strength, and
happily brought up.
Quite apart from
**
and
in
work
weary
for
the
have
cottage
be
and
labourer
we
their
air and
sanitary
demands
two
quiet
ordinary man
a
the
"
a
the
home,
'live
hand
ought at least to
buildingof simple
the population on
who
these
for
of
and
permanent
may
and
brought
are
dwellings for
person
means,
other
last
of mines, factories,
etc., is
encourage
Between
dwelling,
desire
the
country
of those
apathy
comfortable
and
in
efforts
their
if not
"
On
the
genuine grievances of the social
officers of
Capable and public-spirited
of urban
members
councils,complain
health, and
allow
to
most
reformer.
by
be
seem
inexpensive
neighbourhood
of the
one
for
need
crying
which
"
civilisation.
true
a
cottages
to
up
a
revolt
life,it
on
agsdnst
is
doubtedly
un-
the part of
the
tyranny
^
The
of the
CountryCottage
house, with
its
standingproblem of
of cleaning
servants, and its inevitable burdens
and maintenance, entertaining
scale which is
on
a
and being more
less permanently
or
expected,"
at home."
Fortunatelythe modern householder
himself free of the old
shaken
has fairly
stitious
superof losing caste
dread
by moving into an
obviouslysmaller dwelling; cycles and motors
of summer
having completed the work
camps,
the
house-boats, and shooting-boxesin fostering
town
**
"
for
taste
in
a
permanent
been
has
town
looseningof
the
another
old
valuable
domestic
both
happy
servants
reduction
of their number
by
flat
factor in the
chains.
may be necessary in
the flat and the cottage seem
staffof
The
retreat.
country
a
Whatever
town
to
the
house,
promise
a
tion
substitu-
day-servantsfor residential ones : and in
the country it is generallyenough to have one
maid
one
man
or
permanently on the premises.
are
alreadyfindingthe system
Many housewives
immense
relief from the constant
an
of day-service
from their own
charge of young girlsremoved
of
and families. Moreover
homes
is
built
not
which
a
to
accommodate
stafl*of resident
the country cottage
the
servants
separate menage
involves ; the
chief consideration is that the earlymorning fires
shall be
provided either by the
maid or by the incoming
or
residual resident man
nessed
day-servant. The present generationhas wita
quite revolutionaryacceptance of this
and
hot
water
4
I
Introductory
of
life.
Fifty years
deliberatelyto live in
mode
choose
live
might
in
the
to
live
to
do
so
to
was
insane
because
rather
of
the
be
charitablyput
be
to
than
down
To
six.
banking
account
eccentric,if
as
from
dismissed
other
no
afford
not
accountable
un-
elected
we
for
be
strong
a
not
social calendar
the
who
the
the country
country,
because
will
to
goes
he
have
isolation
the
refreshment
of
Some
pursue
can
labours
the
home
their
home
with
the
circle,and
circle
may
drawn
home
between
to
week's
change
a
country
labour
of
is
recreation, and
the
bread
hobbies
surroundings,
5
winning
equally well
they though
"
be
pleased
prefer the sharp
or
play, and
when
finished,to
life.
domestic
their
cottage
of them
Some
and
Others
and
country
solitude
circumstances
work
the
to
happy are
not
always
arrangement.
dividing-linewhich
in
easy
either
favourite
their
or
work
cannot
town.
and
diverse
as
the
goes
social
town,
will include
chiefly for
free
a
he
who
in
for
others
;
They
man
there
come
cottage
a
because
work
cannot
in
the
shall find their
natives,we
town
and
from
emigrants
desiring life
people themselves.
the
man
the
for
reasons
in
coxild
we
teeth
If
mind.
they
wholly
vagary
it could
rooms,
in
; or
a
country
Consideringfirst
as
was
cottage when
a
to
anyone
nobody."
"
as
three
in
than
reason
house
a
for
ago,
habits
like
have
to
go
their
day's or
the
complete
enjoy
and
so
the
benefit
of
T^he
sleeping and
mainly
are
is
the
in pure
waking
inspirationto
an
of
place
odious, and
These
air.
of temperament
matters
is
country
Country Cottage
all
where
enjoy oneself.
is chiefly desirable
wife, and the man's
others
for
is
duty
is
of
joy
of it is
it
most
loaf
to
the country
sake
own
others
to
the
the
some
work
obvious
To
and
work,
places where
the
to
;
things
cottage
bairns
and
secondary
a
matter.
These,
then,
the
are
cottage-builder:for
cottage intended, and
want
live in it ?
to
the
the
"
all
under
while
bind
not
has
the
cottager who
which
or
at
all the
earth
least
convenient
to
more
need
or
by
bad
to
look
place.
6
tion
occupa-
of
fibres
spending
The
a
tions
generato
their
dwelling
shelter,warmth,
comforts
The
it and
seasons,
elsewhere.
many
him
secure
tenant
particularneighbourhood,
shore, demands
important
leave
the
of successive
one
secure
a
settler whose
that
or
in all weathers
and
periods
for
for
as
least the alternative
sanitarydecency.
free
to
farmer
the
"
the
they approach
inasmuch
any
toilers, rooted
shall
they
do
good
him
stands
little patch of
of life will
toil there
of
inclement
most
of
at
the
kind
is the
and
stress
questions for
of people is
nearer
stronger
landlord,
the
does
not
what
The
perforce live
and
are
sort
homestead,
permanent
must
and
what
primitive labouring type
fisherman
and
first
him
about
of
his home
he
because
for
a
more
is
Introductory
Such
cottages
housewife
who
and
who
good
lives
"
less
seeks
eagerly
when
professional work,
art
craft,or
an
or
the
who
woman
"
"
has
childhood;
the
scrubbing,and indeed
dirtyand arduous, is
the
housewife
modern
fashioned
zealous
with
architect
methods
to
the
unduly
upon
and
ease
extent
to
which
wife,
kitchen
little
The
rid
get
and
to
and
best
"
The
of
be
to
the
her
a
vast
difference
if he
dailywork
upon
living-roomto the place of
parlour and the cramped
should
7
be
will
the labourer's
comfort
honest
so
villa ideals
semi-suburban
the
It
is
over-
difficult part of his task
restore
hall."
old-
hand,
other
habit,
make
unhappily growing
are
from
demand
pail; and the wise
thrusting new-fangled
her,
most
of
really
and
mop
without
may,
chooses.
be
her
of
of
is
means.
the
on
force
sheer
through
apt,
small
dame,
cottage
that
perfectlyfair
of
her
minimum
a
work
the
as
from
else
for
of any
a
labours
nothing
demand
muscularly
sa
"
domestic
at
done
and
world
in the
quick
so
life.
cottage
given her best years to
teaching, writing, pursuing
managing a business, is not
will
best
or
undertaking
has
who
woman
household
domesticated
and
stable
a
strong
appreciate
may
does not
washing arrangements
the modern
labour-savingappliances
which
with
she
and
for all
The
nearly always a resident
and
works
mainly indoors,
much
however
"
stoves
hanker
have
of
the
the
stuffy
and
obvious,
pretentious
for
The
Country Cottage
instance, that
boots
floor, where
if
removed,
incongruous
a
than
hardly
by
and
pass,
and
the
always dirty,the
foot
set
with
outer
of
where
the
gives
be
could
more
ploughboy
which
in
passage
a
be
can
which
the
be
stone
or
garments
Nothing
return
should
brick
a
also, and
bath.
a
entered
home
they
cleaned
not
to
access
easy
and
and
hospitable aspect,
breadwinners
cottage
in which
first apartment
of
the
frequentlywet
home
come
when
two
floor
wooden
to
can
is
set
foot-trapsin carpet and linoleum, of the
order
decayed-genteel."
of these
The
semi-suburban
breaking down
and
notions and replacing them
sweeter
by saner
about
when
ideas will probably come
every other
with
**
problem
order
natural
the
reverse
5
the
ideas
better
we
in cottage
only
cottage
;
saw
to
labourer
and
residence
no
witness
or
of
external
to
the
homely
a
the
the
old
one.
is
from
a
In
8
more
which
of
out
to
with
one
parlour
depressing
with
cottage
box
into
structures
comes
would
his front
eagerness
old
brick
cottager will go
modern
follow
should
circumstance
flingaway
Nothing
the mechanic
in
just
if
seem
as
nowadays it would
beauty under direct provocation and
his stuffed bird.
than
beautiful
be
In
but
only pressure
compel a workman
and
solved.
buildinghas been
of things,it should
a
of
a
take
slate
these
the
able
comfortup
his
lid, and
appalling
pleasant, if rather
justice to him, we
convenien
inmay
Introductory
and
up-to-date/'
has the conveniences
pertainingto a boxy parlour,
a
Perhaps there
passage, a hall,and a hat-stand.
he will use
also which
is a bathroom
probably as
his children to float paper
or
a store,
ships. It is
also built in accordance
with rather sillybye-laws,
and the housewife
has the satisfaction of knowing
it
her home
the one
is as good as
next
to
a
pleasure and
joy her
neighbour is seldom
permitted to forget.
of late an
enormous
Again, there has been
the
that
urge
building is
new
'^
"
increase
the
in
daily to
this, not
of
kind
some
instead
ordinary
of,
in
work
combines
of wage-earner
and
on
duty
"
all her
of
efficiency
coals
far
and
Housework,
when
twelve
life
the
and
can
the
tasks
of
to
seem
of
women
fall
most
building
house-
their
their
the
rooms,
of
accessibility
the
and
such
On
largelyhow
approaches actual slavery.
hard, is immensely simplified
depend
home
at
The
vary
absence
hours,
modern
a
person
details
stoves,
someone
arrange
own
do
their
to,
Many
hours.
of
however
can
addition
in
home.
will
"
always going.
the
who
waking
condition
there is
in
and
out
housekeeper,and being literally
their
fire
and
employment,
arrangement
water
their
go
in her
practicalburdens
heavily; and upon
the
who
but
the
"
women
the
cotter's wife
**
of
number
to
the
sit down
9
keep
the kitchen
employed
women
that work
of
very
as
indoors
it suits
men"pfolk
for
cheerfullyto
them,
ten
a
or
meal
Cotmtry Cottage
The
of
with
yesterday'sscraps,
of
bread
butter.
and
a
the
the
But
labourer, factory-hand,or
relish"
**
outgoing day-
business
;
home-coming
male
and
the
in
is faced
a
much
of her
event
with
finds
woman
regular evening house-warming
difficult affair
in the form
the
more
delay,the
revolutionary
warming his
of
and
tea
making his own
architect
who
would
find
own
slippers. The
favour with this rapidlyincreasingclass of tenants
alternative
of getting fires
quickest means
and hot water, whereby the housewife
just returned
tired and hungry
from work, and probably the most
the
provide
must
of the
less polite
or
family,may appease the more
clamourings of husband, children,and the visitor
who
to
invariablychooses that particularmoment
drop in for a chat.
the
least
not
Questions of hospitalityare
important to consider when
migrating from town
to
life.
country
district in which
clearlymake
reallydesire
of
roads
their
isolation
objectsof
If
the
are
build
or
minds
and
quiet
the easy
and
who
take
to
up
social life.
main
Those
as
free
a
and
far
from
the calls
are
avoid
must
of stations,which
friends.
surprisevisits from injudicious
and
to
students, and indeed
anyone
seclusion
from
and
other
a
work,
people
"
a
how
retirement
change, they
access
chosen
deliberately
choose
cottage should
to
freedom
to
To
who
they
the
miun
invite
artists
has
life for purposes
of
of getting away
the difficulty
country
when
especially
lo
the
pursuers
Introductory
have
least
at
bicycles
of
problem
The
acute.
that
and
motors
may
one
be
is
"
so
planaiog
agiunet
secure
seriously
becomiog
your
rooms
interruption.
LJ
Ddaar
and
flood
by
may
or
the
argument
not
be
invaded
fire, will have
modem
nor
Blatv, Ariiilat
for
to
cottager
demonstration
be
j
any
more
less
than
fully considered
inasmuch
will
cause
as
persuade
neither
anyone
I
I
T^he
other
than
create
For
hour's
an
and
society,
a
little
all.
own
or
each
wanting quick or frequent
not
the outside
with
of
sounds
gossip, or
their
with
content
communication
the
at
interruption
any
persons
other's
that
brain-worker
a
life,half
domestic
music
CountryCottage
be supreme
advantages in
where
only the carrier's
a
world, there may
remote
cart
country
the
or
spot,
postman's
the
of civilisation
persistence
of the week
the day. On
moments
at rare
or
the other hand
consider
the questions
they must
of carriagefrom town
of provisioning,
or
station,
distance to shops and markets, etc., so that time
bugle
bear
for work
wanted
in endless
of the
witness
or
to
tramps with
last train home
of
and
whether
by
it is easy
dark
will
rest
not
be frittered away
bags and parcels\ questions
if days in town
are
templated,
con-
the
way
from
roads, fields,
or
the
commons
station
"
where
lose one's
at
night. A dayway
school for the children may also have to be thought
of, as well as the personal service likelyto be
to
ing
required from neighbours,and facilitiesfor meetand entertainingthe visitors one
reallywishes
to
see.
In the
matter
of
the
provisioning,
modern
cottager
quicklyrid himself of the illusion that country
in proportion
produce will be cheap and plentiful
and large towns.
his remoteness
from London
to
Unless he is within reach of a good weekly market,
in a fruit-growing
and pastoral
or
country, and can
will
12
Introductory
aod farmers, his
directlywith the growers
Even
by
supplies will be precariouis indeed.
holidays in outlying districts,
spending summer
have
of us
ideallypicturesque to look at, many
and
management
mishow
discovered
grievous is the waste
the
down
of local produce up and
English countryside. Over the greater portionof
the rural districts sung
by poets for their gardens
deal
is a luxury reservedlfor Christmas
orchards,fruit
and
Day,
Bank
seen,
save
holidays,and the gentry,
perhaps in a weekly pie,on
To
tables.
the
of
use,
food,
merely
conveyance,
him
set
upon
His
surprises.
barbarians
the
or
his
country
limits which
sivelya
mode
neighbours
may
life which
to
to
to
he
be
country
offer
may
appear
and
in their indifference
of
a
personalhabits
prejudices,nor
domestic
toilet,has depended
concerning things he believes
not
life,but it will be wise
over
the obtaining
for
commodity,
price, the
its
on
cottage will
many
desired
rarely
middle-class
Lx"ndoner, to whom
born
any
is
and
ignorance
necessaries
ride
to
of
roughshod
too
assert
aggre-
considers
superior
happy mean
probably find the
in a cheerful independence, a kindly recognitionof
advances, and a good-humoured confession
friendly
where
of eccentricity
habits necessary
to his comfort
understand.
such as they cannot
are
to
theirs.
He
will
13
Site
TI.^^
'
Chapter
Soil
and
"
OW
H
much
first
for
will
For
plans.
be
it may
total
whose
in
cottage
a
itself
the
into
a
not
is
naturally
the
the
desire
country
begins
definite
proposals
of
that
should
cost
"
when
the
purposes
assumed
?
cost
asked
question
resolve
and
it
this
little
to
book
hand-
cottage
is
exceed
;^iooo.
building
a
It
r
be
niay
within
brought
methods
presently
schemes
it that
the
building
speaking,
anxious
to
how
decided,
are
certain
the
of
hands
somewhat
of
laws,
with
in
the
local
to
governing
fact, present
which
given
the
the
one
are
reasonably
may
what
estate,
authorities,
the
good
of the
intending
these
there
which
and
sense
has
be
cussion
dis-
or
may
greatest
builder
of
scope
The
bodies.
first
must
above
to
as
any
according
the
and
over
on
themselves,
iSgures,and
which
within
restrictions
built
be
not
contemplate
set
they
tenure,
come
but
here;
three
take
may
sum.
a
land
hardly
of
pounds
we
who
by
ing
tempt-
hundred
have
much
such
of
Questions
t4iose
own
limit
a
know
do-for
to
of
of their
Many
givfen,but
here
cottage
a
lower,
even
of
couple
majority
great
or
discussed.
a
maximum
roughly
expect
be
to
lie within
the
beyond
;^3oo,
may
are
may
and
local
in
vary
cretion
dis-
bye-
difliculties
to
deal.
Sile and
Frequently they
their
carrying
wasteful
arbitraryand
are
of
destructive
and
out,
Soil
the
in
artistic
which
the designerhas based his work.
on
principles
The
regulation,for instance, that all ground floor
be at least nine feet high is
and first rooms
must
only
not
the
English
his
front
labourer
door
part
of the
height
of the
room
little
architect
in
beautiful
In
cases,
thus
weather
boarding,
on
it
the
was
most
built of
weather
chimneys
The
where
cottages
and
materials.
roofing
crushed
foundations
removed
for
wantonly
felt and
and
new
any
of
one
the
is
with
condemned
attempt
to
lined
boarding
the
other
extra
allows
and
districts
of local traditions
the
the cottager.
to
of thatch
some
the
artificialheating
more
use
air,
during
in winter
moment
and
of fresh
open
expense,
the
formerly customary,
out.
and
year,
opportunity
forbidden
now
kept
entails
Again,
treatment.
is
be
the
increases
love
no
of considerable
matter
also
has
can
greater
It
small
a
presumably hygienicpurpose
dwellings, because, although
workmen's
in
a
in
It fails of its
cottage.
"
wasteful
but
unnecessary
having only
brick, have been
wood,
of
the
able
plea of unsuitobjection to thatch and
on
the
ground
of
their
flammable
in-
might be reasonable enough in
but it is pointlessin the case
district,
nature,
a
crowded
of
a
detached
formation
of
of
country
a
fighting,and
cottage
;
and
the
recent
society for the express purpose
such
if possibleabolishing,
bye15
l^he
laws
as
felt
really harsh
are
witness
the
to
those
by
Country Cottage
extent
who
for cottages
in
useless, bears
and
which
to
the
trying to
practical way,
a
the
meet
are
is
grievance
demand
of moderate
aad
cost.
To
with
anyone
this
the country,
of
laws
to
way
kind.
opposition to
nature
of
heights
or
"
of
to
seem
may
open
the
a
and
will bring about
materials)
followed
walls,
the
the
sizes
of
specificationof
the
their
upon
to
(relating
"
of
thickness
timber,
considerable
the
rate
any
restrictions
rooms,
and
windows
at
of these
modification
have
buildingin
certain bye-
flimsy and undesirable
whether
It is,however, extremely doubtful
workmanship
abolition
the
active
vexatious
a
of
experience
no
results
bad
strict
which
administration.
on
improvement is to be made
country
irrelevant of these illcottage building,the most
either be
considered
done
regulationsmust
away
drawn
with altogether,
rity
authoor
up by a responsible
If any
with
and
town
it is
that
cottage
regard
some
in
country
We
the
a
all the
you
find, for instance,
"
the
of
middle
between
to
country
500-acre
erect
field
except
regulations,while
give
a
certain
a
space
is
all
build very much
as
building,you can
serious objection ^raised by
please. Another
the
J.St Loe Stracheyin the CountyGentleman^is
round
Mr
life.
impossible in
by complying with
London, provided
you
for the difference
check
your
"
it puts
upon
the
invention
16
of
new
materials.
Floor
Ground
First
COnPTAOE
AT
WALLCOTT,
Detmar
B
Floor
GAP
Blow,
BACTON,
Architect
NORFOLK
The
the
At
enable
("lo6),
of it
Much
the
would
he
we
for
will
place, to
should
meet
long
they
as
solid
more
of
be
not
and
make
the
and
and
together
with
go.
if he
builds
needs
given
"
fact the
more
thus
than
there
; and
built in
sheltered
a
need,
urgent
they
be
to
There
are.
for
sale
of
a
for
and
a
which
show
"
dwelling-placein
materials, which
cottage
any
is
"
built
homely
In
is far
means
life that
builder
put
are
judgment and skill, and
sound, cleanly,and reliable as
themselves
they
ancient
jerry-building
construction
common
homes
of
look
pretensions
no
between
something
means
England,
altogetherlighterstructure,
an
costlythan
difference
vast
make
to
modern
our
and
immediate
an
pounds
arise in modern
why cottages
reason
no
would
difficult
these characteristics unattainable
seems
his
which
hundred
a
substantial
durability and
make
turer
manufac-
or
the greater part of
covet
may
cottages, conditions
so
built for
find it very
throughout
as
material
a
be
to
architect
an
discover
to
cottage
a
if
time,
present
were
use
Country Cottage
of
in
are
far
as
limited
likelyto get a beautiful result
simply and franklyaccording to
if he
started
style,"following
any
out
to
ancient
build
or
in
any
modern
examples that appealed to his eye when be saw
them, perhaps in totallydifferent surroundings.
be planned to
A cottage, to be beautiful,must
suit the
life of
with
the
the
and
tenant
landscapeon
l8
to
harmonise
which
it is
wardly
out-
placed,
Soil
Site and
Computations of cost
that
a
building on
cot
will
the
in
need
the
of
covert
Geological formations
vale.
woodland
or
site
than
stability
greater
hillside
sunny
a
on
it clear
make
soon
exposed
an
and
foundations
firmer
will very
a
also will
generally yield hard ground on
peaks, clifFs,
downs, and upland plains,and comparatively soft
ground in dales and valleys,providing together
the
with
soil the
primal
materials
with
which
to
unity of the very stuff of the house
with
its site and
surroundings is the keynote of
of the countryside.
beauty in the architecture
best
of
English traditions
Looking into the
This
build.
find, without
cottage-buildingwe
results have
the
most
satisfactory
the builders
where
most
this
faithfully
the
have
exception,that
been
recognised and
tie between
natural
obtained
preserved
the cottage
The
building should never
give the
impression of a ready-made thing taken out of a
the site.
workshop and suddenly set down
upon
Rather
it should
hug the ground as if it loved it,
and
as
if it
soil.
To
ignore
and
original,
own
of
born
were
that
to
the
very
of
spirit
the
place.
spirit in over-anxiety to be
of one's
out
build, as it were,
"
head," is very
much
his instrument
to
as
if
a
violinist should
pitch that seemed
good
of the pitchadopted by
to
him, quite irrespective
he is going to play.
the orchestra
with which
tune
A
few
of
our
fulfilled these
modern
any
architects
conditions, and
19
have
have
admirably
planted really
The
beauiifnl
cottages
byewajs
ot'' remote
as
Mr
Surrey,
the
Country Cottage
along
country
Phillip
Webb
Sussex,
and
characteristic
the
and
Essex,
flint
ancient
highways
districts.
Mr
Mr
districts
E.
E.
Detmar
of
Such
aad
men
Lutyens
Blow
Wiltshire,
in
in
and
N
Soil
Site and
Dawber
Guy
Mr
have
shown
and
the
of
how
us
respect
may
in
place
hands
without
vital
to
artist
an
tions
tradi-
the
merely imitating or
his individuality.In
habitation
human
a
is
in his work
preserve
forfeitinganything
such
architect who
an
wolds,
Gloucestershire
the
the
crown
may
perfectlandscape in a dignifiedand quite
There
need
be no
poetic way.
provocation for
the plaintof the old pietist
contemplating Nature,
''where
is
prospect pleases and only man
every
vile."
Unfortunately the facilities of modern
made
transit have
it easy for the vandal
to
bring
of incongruous materials,and
together all manner
them
look
to
use
on
a site where
they will never
and
such
at
home;
enterprises have gradually
most
broken
the
up
substance
materials
the
of
old
bricks
thatch
in
slate
and
of
be
yield them,
country,
that
tradition
should
Hint, and
districts that
wooded
sound
house
a
stone,
"
and
the
tiles
in
on
closely
clay soil,
a
the
bound
and
with
up
how
domestic
the
disastrous
be
may
"
its
of land, the
country,
and
architecture
and
political
"
the
what
destruction
how
is
conditions,
the artistic standpoint
of
might
or
on.
so
nation
a
social
de-forestation
neglect of
the
from
even
of
in
well-
a
agriculturalcounties, and
discover
following these principleswe
In
local
used
being
timber
the
large
be
decay
tracts
profitable
of
pastoral
life.
It
may
be
urged
this
at
21
point
that
nobody
T^he
should
undertake
the
in
and
health
of climate.
to
A
the
These
discredited
old
constitutions
much
and
air,but
that
real
more
why
one
it.
in
a
that
has
He
the
he
the
Moreover,
latter
former
to
be
after.
sought
that different
only
ailments,
forth
place
finds
districts
different kinds
by many
personal idiosyncrasyis
home
told that it
much
thing than
knows
exactly
benefited
by a
another, apparently subject
goes
chosen
been
because
who
country
new
the
Nobody
immensely
particularplace,while
to
preciselythe same
in
a
gravel.
as
of
the
it.
is
person
now
unaccountable
and
formerly reckoned
we
written
and
classification
suited
are
of soil and
a
of chalk
discovering,not
now
and
said
"
universallyshunned
are
test,
"relaxing,"
or
ends
week-
question of soil in relation
the general disparagement of
the
the
as
it suits
Occasional
generalisationsare
"bracing"
We
that
sure
was
recommendation
broad
time
some
especiallyfor
susceptibleto differences
deal
health, tending to
clay and
for himself
spending
make
to
is
great
on
ago
years
as
first
sufficient
a
whose
persons
home
new
temperament.
not
are
a
without
proposed place
health
few
make
to
country
in the
his
Country Cottage
to
oughtto
himself
suit
for himself
because
not
him,
and
weakly
thrive
his health
recruit
him,
well
of
treatment
never
decide
must
suits
can
but
he
simply
happy
persons
there.
and
regards climate, has been completely
Conrevolutionised
within
the last fiftyyears.
invalids
as
22
Soil
Site and
sumptive
and
who
once
were
sent
lodgings, are
the
in
exercise.
We
treatment
and
and
would
some
the
to
small
We
beauty
have
of the
said that
partly
the
on
higher it is, the
the
walls
and
the
likelyis
more
dig
and
the
the
point of
foundation
materials
view
"
factors
"
the
in
inner
sky plays no
which
harmony
and
vigour.
of buildingwill
expense
position of the site, its
the
the
of the
nature
need
(as
ground
difficult
to
strong
hard
be
to
;
to
From
convey.
building
soil.
rule) for
a
foundations
the
of the
physical
only
the
and
of the
more
be solid and
to
regular
that
chief
earth
weather, and
to
exposure
the
take
attuning of
the
bodilyhealth
as
depend
The
that
stufFy
mountain-
not
are
the
not
say
part in the restoration
know
we
the
also
surroundings
resorts
and
and
air
learnt
instance,
sheltered
bath-chairs
open
have
convalescence, and
man
and
warm
despatched to
now
sleep
to
tops
to
cushioned
in
lounge
to
patients^for
bronchitic
itself the
ideal
stands
but is
gravel. Rock
next,
chief things to
The
expensive in the working.
be avoided
are
a wet,
sandy soil,and clay veined
with
is
but
cause
a sure
running sand
ceilings.Stiff clay makes
generallyneeds a depth of
for
the
and
and
extra
But
excavations.
commanding
expense
On
site often
a
fair foundation,
three
other
pays
well
advantages of dlr
going frequently to
in its
for residents
the
23
walls
of cracked
"
four
or
hand,
for
and
town
a
a
feet
fine
little
scenery.
it may
The
be
a
be
Country Cottage
whether
item
serious
uphillor
the
road
for however
down;
the
to
much
one
dislike the
least
uphillclimb on coming home,
climb
taken
at leisure; while
a
be
generallyinvolves
dangerous, rush for the
station
a
Another
is
garden
it
at
can
to
the
not
train.
is whether
play an
important
In finding a climate
to
may
exhausting, if
an
consideration
important
station
the
in
part
the
life.
for himself,
cottager's
he may
be counting on the joys of cultivating
YCv^
garden only to find that nothing will grow in it.
Granting, however, a favourable soil,the possibilities
of the garden should certainly
be reckoned
with
in deciding the way
in which
the house
i$
The
fruit-lover will aim at the largest
to be set.
"
area
of sunny
wall consistent
dwelling. Possibly a
for, and if possiblea
sheltered
and
place
done
of
out
wind-shelter
The
sides, and
materials
The
comfort
of the
matter
eye
the
be
street
how
odd
it may
see
the
cottage
to
different
angle from
its
its
to
other
appear
set
from
ail
inferior
frontage.
positionand
its appearance
to
approaches.
to
No
the conventional
corner-wise
neighbours, it
24
use
beds.
flower-
of the
sacrificed
or
sunlight and
to
those
dwelling as
be
may
well
look
paved
a
for the best
economy
than
never
and
available
should
mean
the back
aspects should
from
a
be allowed
will
dirty work
secured
building
it is
at
where
of the
needs
verandah
sunny
All
be
the
lawn
tennis
doors.
will
with
or
at
a
is far better
c
i
V
C
V
u-
"
X
(A
^
A
O
O
I
-.
Soil
Site and
to
have
face
get
it
the
need
we
house
larder
north-east.
sun
in
allow
to
The
chief
;
this should
The
immense
that
sun
the
by habitually
breakfast
it is
nearly always
day.
25
rooms
or
morning
the
to
In
it be
north
of the
(unless disliked
and
also in
risers),
hardly be overrated, and
to give the afternoon
sun
to
part
any
^unless
"
face
value
be
dwelling.
afrdd
and
to
rooms
shoald
the
much
too
of the
care
be
never
will get
bedrooms
late
in the
any
possiblesunlightinto
England
of the
than
north.
due
all
so
room,
can
better
occupied
later
Chapter
III.
THE
matter
be
to
decision
sinking of
and
to
what
clearly
know
depend
from
in
likely
the
in
even
double
become
or
spring
quality of
the
the
quite apart from
is
invalids
the
find
of iron
no
and
lime
the
Moreover,
are
bone-building
people,
recommend
and
unless
is
material,
pretty
the
cooking,
rainwater
"
well
a
can
be
actual
poisons,
Many
water
all
plan
water
no
secured
26
on
much
very
contains
advantageous
boiling of
this
Moreover,
condition
exploded.
and
respect
by
large quantities
have
hard
that
this
aggravated
in which
present
long
a
drijiking supply^
a
much
filtering will
idea
in
consideration.
water
is
the
to
open
In
from
ailments
of
use
of
amount
as
serious
their
constant
water
its freedom
for
matter
a
is
secure
stream,
a
infallible.
not
proposes
supply
fail
may
polluted.
is
water
it
he
from
districts,
that
should
the
Water
him.
expensive
absolutely
whether
and
remotest
objection
drought,
even
fail
to
it is
The
tenant
that
is
final
a
site.
an
the
water
whether
upon,
be
may
case
the
the
upon
any
important
before
into
well
a
contamination,
ever
looked
made
is
another
is
supply
water
operation,
Grouping
"
to
Many
doubt
is
effect.
much
young
persons
for
used
which
ing
drink-
excellent,
absolutely clean.
^"Ji'i
Grouping
if
But
boiling the
of
that it will
certain
The
his
of
who
man
with
counsellors
We
lie.
be beset
whom
wisdom
Punch
of Mr
brief advice
to
if
fortunate
shall be
build
to
out
sure
be
duty
practically
be done.
never
sets
heart, is
own
for the
depend on servants
water
daily,we may
to
are
we
the multitude
by
is
we
supposed
about
to
to
the
with
escape
those
to
cottage after
a
marry.
probably our friends will describe to us at
great length all the disastrous buildingexperiments
And
of.
heard
then^ however
carefully
they ever
select our
architect,and explain to him
we
may
More
what
of cottage
sort
builder
will
come
we
seeking,the speculating
are
the
upon
"r$t
He
sight.
in his
own
a
way
cheaply than
will
we
undoubtedly
of the
could
that the
do
aid.
Not
more
in actual materials.
architect
will
of materials
saving, both
small sacrifices and
routine
would
however,
our
able
and
and
more
architect's
the contrary,
beneath
time
means
required size
effect
to
costs
a
a
able
cap-
great
labour, by various
contrivances, which
think
a
build
to
cottage always
On
be
able
be
it with
well-built
often
us
fortunately
thing. Unplausibleenough at
be
will
cottage
offer
desirable
cheaper and apparentlymore
his claim
and
scene
his
the
notice.
man
of
This,
trouble, forethought,
experience,and practicalskill ; and if we employ
the things
architect,these are precisely
a qualified
for which
we
that in such
pay.
a
The
bargain he
wise
secures
27
client will
what
the
perceive
ordinary
T^he
Country Cottage
"*"
builder could
try
even
him
pay
It
is
not
give
to
do
to
give
what
us
The
him.
never
It would
want.
we
not
so.
also be remembered
must
latter will
that
singlecottage
a
It is
luxury.
always relativelycheaper to
build in rows
or
our
pairs. Under
present civilizatioUy a single thing honestly and plainlymade as
a
the
get than
to
set
a
pattern, and
a
it,is far
wants
owner
appliesas
The
detached
It may
escape
eccentric; but
much
a
cottage is
the obvious
it will
to
difficult
after
things made
dozen
a
this
deal table.
thing.
of
costlyand
more
cottage
as
one
to
individual
an
temptation to
be
individual
certainlyneed
in
luxurious
design. It takes a more
form
in the bungalow, spreading itself over
a
and
larger area
dispensingwith stairs. It will,
therefore, preferablybe erected where
bye-laws
are
reasonablyelastic,and land is cheap. But in
the single cottage should
be homely,
case
any
far as
restful, and
as
bye-laws will permit,
generally built in low, spreading lines.
the
When
building cottages in pairs or rows,
obvious comfort of a sound-proofparty wall should
treatment
be
of
one
extra
expense,
be made
be
the
at
to
the
secure
mercy
It will
first considerations.
but
some
sacrifice should
it,consideringwhat
of musical
or
certainly
it
means
to
loudly devotional
neighbours,or children kept very
A case
recentlyoccurred in which
of students
were
compelled to turn
28
entail
much
a
indoors.
quiet family
out
of their
Grouping
neighbour's
child,clad in boots heavy enough to negotiate
allowed
to run
a snowdrift, was
incessantly
up and
down
the
length of the ground-floor passage,
of its waking
the whole
to be
during what seemed
the
cottage because
semi-detached
door
next
hours.
have
Quadrangles
and
the
not
least
practicaladvantages,
they afford a place
many
that
is
safely be sent out to play.
Of
the
course
garden is
privacy of one's own
will depend upon
how
far the
forfeited,and much
children
may
social standards
and
where
alike, and
will
for
reconcile
the
of the residents
interests
little
them
to
In
ones.
ground
play-
common
a
any
are
one
case,
can
neighbourly,or just as exclusive,in a
small street
in a quadrangle ; the disadvantages
as
of the
former, as regards children, being the
danger of traffic and of strayingbeyond bounds,
be
just
and
the
as
of
chance
little
the cottage
on
The
in
a
model
villageof
by daily
and
urged
the
squares,
life.
plan
with
in
contact
communal
to
the
itself
kind
a
of
to
where
buildings
;
kitchen
and
29
"
Owen
buildingcottages
labour-saving
purposes
the inhabitants,
somewhat
Robert
public
extent
some
dining-rooms
common
clubs, become
recreative
"
also
serves
for
cellent
ex-
scale.
solves
difficulty
social
The
dirt.
more
plan of a roof-garden,which
dry clothes,is not often available
to
in
a
or
broken
long
in groups
mess-room
though
ago
or
for
it is doubtful
The
whether
Country Cottage
the
on
ordinarycottager (at all events
the female
side)is ready for this readjustmentof
domestic
machinery, it may fairlybe hoped that
such economic
some
development will occur, and
that the industrial colony is a step in that direction.
Probably, if anything is to be achieved in this
of
garden cities, they will
country in the way
have
the industrial
to
similarlyfrom
grow
up
The
far
changes of the time.
question of how
the dailylabours
of the home
will ultimatelybe
and warehouses
kitchens
is
lightened by common
a
Upon
interestingand problematic one.
very
it must
of
the
to
answer
depend the scheme
life for the next
domestic
generation,and with it
the development of cottage architecture.
We
have
Owen's
already referred to Robert
scheme, and to the advantages of such industrial
colonies as Port
cation
Sunlight,but a stillwider appliof these ideas is possiblefor the professional
and
to
reason
welcome
middle-class
suppose
man.
that
the formation
the
of
a
There
city man
country
seems
would
cottage
no
not
colony
neighbourhood conveniently situated for
from
A
fro
town.
scheme,
getting to and
neither
too
picturesque,
affectedly
regular nor
well
planned and arisingout of the peculiarities
of site and
place,might be beautiful, or again,
It would
it might not.
depend largelywhether
those
capable of choosing the
responsiblewere
We
architects.
can
imagine that such a colony,
in
a
3"
Grouping
blocks
with
Lethaby,
Dawber,
others
;
of
on
Mr
Lutyens,
Geo.
Mr
Jack,
Mr
Detmar
Blow,
sympathetic spirit,would
the other
hand, a colony by
a
it is almost
needless
wish
and
say, would
to
model
brick, slates,and
know
Mr
designed by Mr
Troup, Mr
Guy
single cottages
or
did
we
be
a
cess
suc-
*
*
*
*
be
a
dwellings,such
and
confronted
are
we
of
all
we
not.
consideringthe building of cottages
large numbers, and the forming up
terraces,
",
chaos
as
In
or
and
with
in groups
of
streets
of
one
the
life
interestingdevelopments of modern
the industrial
model
built to
village,"
colony or
accommodate
the fairlyfixed population depending
workers.
on
a
large factoryemploying many
The
efforts towards
the systematichousing of daymost
"
"
labourers
leaves
to
the
their industrial centre,
near
much
to
just scorn
be
desired, and
of reformers.
ugly, barrack-like,and
however, can fairlybe
have
been
They
are
to
speak
of which
of others
will
repay
held
up
generally
comfortless.
This reproach,
said to be partially
removed
by such industrial colonies as Messrs
Lever's at
Bourneville, and Messrs
not
undoubtedly
of
recent
those
aspects of architecture.
3'
Cadbury's
at
Port
Sunlight,
growth, the study
interested
in
the
social
Chapter
IV.
Plans
"
HAVING
fixed
decision
house
Broadly
types,
be
to
materials
of
speaking,
the
follows:
as
put
next
is the
shape of
the
upon
it, and
the
made
be
to
site, the
our
upon
which
it
is
lies
choice
be
built.
between
six
to
"
3
TYPES
COMMON
^\
I
I
n
UNCOMMON
These
here
are
being naturally the
and
most
economical.
means
a
in.
outer
The
Any
complex
walls, and
L
their
square
on
of
of
in
based
more
the
given
that
a
TYPES
here
roof,
order
variation
and
additional
shape, however,
32
is
the
cost
;
simplest
from
this
multiplication
expense
often
comes
convenient,
Plans
low-lying and
favoured
by
especiallyon
a
plan
much
are
the
First
ALDERTON,
AT
COTTAOIS
C.
Mr
Floor
Ground
(These
sheltered
It is
sites
F.
A.
Voysey,
Floor
SUrFOLK
plans of Cottages illustrated
on
title-page)
hs^rWyy.jO
PLAN
OF
SHEDS
AT
includes
It is apt
c
to
be
some
too
COTTAGES
SUFFOLK
ALDERTON,
C
and
BAKEHOUSE
AND
SpoonevyArchitect
of
his
most
cold
for
exposed places,unless,
33
successful
work.
-1
7he
in the
both
CountryCottage
the
planomg,
ends
well
as
this is rather
It is
arrangement.
be
house, and
carefullyshould
around
of
is
fire-place
at
colder
the
that central
discomforts
long
a
one
cottages,
of which
to
one
side, and
the
the
wasteful,
say
and
are
room
mwn
an
be
rooms
We
one
forms
jnDcture, and
district,the
all know
narrow
end, the other
middle, both
full width,
to
not
various
heat.
if in the
the
central
Arciitat
S/mHT,
the
natnrallyat
come
generalrale that the chimney
centre
or
focussingpoint of
a
the
C.
the
the
at
as
extravagaat,
an
shaft should
chimneys
cold
disposed
the winter
room;
is
never
equally.
and
if the
warm,
In small
form
passage
often gets driven
a
chimney
important feature
34
more
of
the
I
Plans
exterior,
Surrey, Kent,
in
as
Sussex, where
and
plan. Here arises
of building cottages of such
the obvious
economy
the other hand, the outline
size in pairs,but, on
a
of a little cottage flanked
by its own
chimneys,
broadly and simply treated, is distinctlypleasing
to the eye.
Chimney-shafts not in the middle of
the building should, if possible,
the wall
occupy
that
beside
We
' *
next,
to
seem
our
the
tillthe
be
should
Indeed,
pass from
we
dialects
various
ceeding
suc-
each county
natives of north
and
to
south
speaking quite a different tongue, so
country-side architecture, every district
be
its
"
marked
'^
as
remoter
the
forms
own
for
who
expression,and
should
dumping
originality
upon
discreet
architect
of
these
from
architect
modern
the
country,
feeling of respect
of
kept dry,
or
another
inherited
has
be
to
clothes
againsta sunny wall.
have
already urged the importance of preserving
what
the late J. D. Sedding so aptlycalled
localness^^of English art.
velling
Just as we find in tra-
one
the
for
Cupboards
sun.
stores
them,
about
in
least
linen, and
close
the
the
gets
and
universal
the almost
this became
client
a
will
prides
restrain
down
a
a
the
cottage
peacefulhillside.
avoid
himself
altogether
things
and "artistic";knowing
"quaint,""picturesque,*'
and
that sound
straightforwardbuilding,whether
old
must
or
beauty in its train, and
new,
carry
an
local
traditions
will
be
found
the
needs
of
the
relation
to
35
case.
to
on
bear
a
true
T^he
of cottages should
row
a
than
the
standpoint,there
the aesthetic
From
why
Country Cottage
the
single dwelling,
line of
dull, monotonous
with
To
get
reason
degenerate
or
''
no
less beautiful
any
brick
square
William
lids," which
slate
be
is
into
boxes
Morris
horred.
ab-
so
the
pleasing diversity in
a
frontage and in the general plan involves a little
more
forethought and skill in the design, but
A covered
extra
not
necessarilymuch
expense.
the houses
or
or
right of way between
passage
into a yard, can
generally
an
archway to let vans
in
treated
instead
of
be
a
pleasant manner,
making the immediate
surroundings look sordid
of
The
and
them.
slummy because
country
Walter
Cave
afford some
ful
delightcottages of Mr
of diversified
instances
frontages,and the
,
breaking
of
up
small
in
terraces
agreeable way.
In this diversityof
adopted by
treatment
is of
Mr
danger that
of a less capable designer,it could
in the hands
and
easilydegenerate into meaningless eccentricity
To be
restlessness.
picturesque"and "original"
Cave,
Walter
there
and
convenient
a
course
a
"
**
very
often
an
a
excuse
for
thought,
and
architects
nor
afraid of
some
it
whether
well
intending to
monotony
a
it be ^of the
sins, and
incompetence
is therefore
those
characteristic, and
of
multitude
covers
:
part
it
36
want
that
build
of
neither
should
be
is, after all,a good
of
cottage
and
quently
fre-
fine
or
architecture,
cathedral.
Chapter
V.
Drainage
"
the
BYE-LAWS
to
as
of
dwelling-house
a
On
stringent.
in
many
relaxed
A
vexatious,
districts
few
foul
drain,
devastate
is in
The
himself
expose
other
to
mile
local
typhoid
away.
It
inhabitants
suffer
for
question
that
social
body
of
each
the
whom
the
he
as
town,
appeal
private
to
37
the
right
damp,
and
allowed
to
or
and
the
of
that
there
equally
the
a
ments,
arrange-
strongly
duties
taminate
con-
manner
a
village are
more
control
neighbourhood.
water
sins, and
tenant
works.
quarter
a
matter,
or
involving
elects
and
other
other's
should
conscience,
upon
any
street,
a
in such
neighbour
a
drainage
in
than
of
to
is in
protest,
a
of
with
up
be
not
must
supply
water
convey
more
to
he
diphtheria without
the
as
but
water
famine
claim
of fire, cold,
risks
to
a
of
public
perhaps
may
personal dangers;
breed
to
tenant
and
poison
than
and
private building
individual
to
neighbours.
intimately bound
more
them
life and
famine
A
so
are
see
of
his
to
disastrous
more
is much
questions of
but
tenant
to
matters
country-side.
ways
and
to
wish
be
may
indeed
neglected cesspool, may
a
whole
a
many
food,
the
to
and
would
relate
they
only
not
but
;
properly
very
points they
arbitrary and
where
death,
other
are
tions
founda-
and
drainage
the
made
is
to
no
the
ing
bind-
governing
public
works
TChe
able
Many
Country Cottage
system
of
wrong,
and
that
sea
would,
out
to
that
sanitarians declare
the
of
disposal
what
is
if
is
radically
wastefullythrown
sewage
now
properly applied
cultivation^so
enormously improve
of
to
the
soil
problems
as
solve
this
in
applicationof
however,
cottage
there
land
the
practicable.
is
and
no
direct
should
be
In
for
room
though
couraged
en-
these
shift
make-
country
a
convenientlyallow
profitabledealingwith
sometimes
may
rational and
more
it is
compromise;
or
fertility
of the agricultural
Undoubtedly there is
the
to
land
to
the
contention, and
sewage
wherever
matters,
one
of this country.
truth
great
whole
our
of the
sewage
be
by merely getting rid of it,still it cannot
too
stronglyurged that when the drainage system,
houses, is adopted in a
commonly appliedto town
be
to
thoroughly and
country
cottage, it needs
done.
The
fact of a house standing
scientifically
than
in
beautiful country
air will
it any
make
not
the
dangerous to live in if the waste-pipes and
are
soil-pipes
improperlytrapped and ventilated,or
of
flushed with water
in the course
insufficiently
less
It
dailyuse.
expect
that
have
least
at
the
a
appliancesand
adapt them to
where
However
surely should
economy
architect
and
be
not
the
too
much
builder
to
should
general knowledge of modern
of drainage,and how
methods
to
needs of small houses,
the particular
sound
of mechanism
important
the
38
has
aesthetic
to
be considered.
side
of
house-
D
the
building,
convenience
ratnave
of
question
health
modest
Cottages, however
have this redeeming
and
precedence
take
must
g"'
all others.
''ought
cost,
on
feature
of
sanitary
to
them, however
about
or
badly constructed they may
ugly, ill-designed,
be
namely, that they are safeto live in as far as
the internal drainageand plumbing are concerned.''
ask
On the other hand, it is only reasonable
to
"
himself
that the householder
understanding of
should
have
clear
a
principleson which
dwelling is drained and supplied with water,
look-out
should be able to keep an
intelligent
defects
and
that the
accidents, and
and
wear
necessary
of
flow
that apparent
attended
a
allowed
that the
it be
will
boiler
before
stoppages
to
be
regular
full,
and
pipes should be at once
clean water
supply should
from
runs
the outlets of
t.o
the
warn
be
in
by
fire
a
him
teach
to
or
that
results, if
heated
;
waste.
tenant
disastrous
itself and
water
for
of
consequences
It is obvious, of course,
burst, with
fresh cold
and
of
necessary
empty
his
the
should
wholly separate
should
Nor
tear.
water
to, and
be kept
the main
simple ways of protectinghis pipes from frost,
such as by covering them
properly or emptying
the
when
to
detect
the
for
not
always
easy,
however,
of
dangers arisingfrom errors
which
the plumber and
builder
blame.
We
long as no
knowledge
bad
to
It is
necessary.
will
apt
are
smell
show
to
think
is present.
us
39
how
struction
conare
that all is safe
But
easy
a
very
it
so
little
is
for
T'he
dangerous
house
to
""
I
"
Country Cottage
waste
accumulate
to
and
air of the
the
.
be
contaminated
unknown
to
the
holder.
house-
importance of making
connections
easilyaccessible
the
Hence
traps, joints,and
periodicinspection.
Trapping and ventilatingare
the-
all
for
chief
two
and
employed to prevent the accumulation
leakage of vitiated air in the neighbourhood of the
drain-pipes. A trap is practicallyan automatic
water-door
into a soil-pipe
or
so
contrived,
waste,
twist in the pipe, as
make
to
a
by a backward
means
seal of fresh
temporary
is
water
every
lies in the
flushed, which
the drain
time
trap until the
next
flushing.
In
districts
connection
where
with
a
main
it is
at
or
from
the drains
sewer,
cottage will be arranged
obtain
possible to
a
the
discharge into it and
a point as
near
as
possibleto the boundary wall
fence.
be provided.
An intercepting
trap must
This
trap prevents the vitiated air from
enteringthe house drain.
of glazed stone-ware,
or
with
Dr
Angus
that
the
sewer
Drain-pipesshould be
heavy cast-iron coated
of
Smith's solution
6 inches
concrete
40.
to
thick, with
a
and laid
on
a
b^d
of
I
in
fall of about
jointingup the pipes care should be taken
made
perfectlywater-tight,and
they are
before
In
the drain
is covered
in, it should
by being plugged and filled with water.
cleaning of the drain from time
proper
should
manholes
or
inspectionchambers
40
be
tested
For
to
be
the
time"
placed
i
D
It is essential
the
air inlet and
fresh
in diameter
is
w.c.
up
a
the
above
ventilator.
drain
is
plan
better
level,and then
guard
to
pipesfrom
and
under
the
at
the
a
trap
be
and
fixed
the
connection
where
is rather
pipe
the
be
act
to
the
as
eaves
the roof and
with
in
bring
a
wire
Waste-
it.
sink, should
with
guUey
to
unsightly,a
up
building
a
least 4 inches
full bore
ridge, finished
or
be
soil-pipemust
it inside
birds
On
should
cases
bath, lavatories,or
charge
dis-
grating
they discharge
open
must
drain.
that
Soil-pipes,
can
the
circumstances
no
direct into the
sinks
the
take
prevent
over
this
As
to
chamber.
a
In
eaves,
continue
again
out
of drain.
first floor
well
in
there
intericepter,
ventilation pipe at
head
at
on
carried
it
of
side
drain
main
join
to
house
'g'
covers.
positionsfitted with air-tight
that all junctions and connections
are
in convenient
arranged
ramave
of
outside
to
pipes from w.c's and slop
heavy lead or strong cast-iron,
building. If they are of lead,
is
drain
should
be
made
with
a
brass
and
cement
joint to drain and a
tail-piece
soldered
joint to lead pipe; it is important that
be carefully
this should
become
done, or it may
of danger. If the pipes are
of ca$t-iron,
a source
the joints are
with
made
and caulked
with
yarn
blue
lead
carried
which
In
out
perfectlytight,and
with
putty
or
red
perishes,and then
probably the majorityof
soon
41
not
as
and
the
frequently
white
lead,
will leak..
joints*
districts the
bye-laws
The
with
deal
these
will be found
The
all.
Country Cottage
in
separate from
into
One
of
drains
the
the
cottage
clean
be
kept quite
arranged
tank
disuse
be
of
from
the
the
The
butt.
tution
insti-
merely
deplored, not
rain-water
of
of this excellent
because
dis*
to
butt.
or
its rain*water
was
but
grounds,
of
and
rules
practically
picturesque features
most
neglect and gradual
is greatly to
value
with
will
soil drain
few
above
cistern, underground
old-fashioned
aesthetic
the
general agreement
rain-water
charge
but
matters,
the
on
immense
hygienic and
sanitarypoint of view, not to speak of its practical
of
the
in
convenience
lightening the labour
the
and
domestic
laundress
washer-up.'* No
''
has
who
one
realised
once
is
what
health
gained in
comfort
a
by taking a little trouble to secure
soft-water
supply for the household, either by
the earth
rain-water
or
boiling(or distilling
filtering
supply),will ever return willinglyto the hard solace
and
of the pump
tap.
or
position of rain-water
be carefullyconsidered
The
course
from
protectingthem
the
that
or
drifts of
arrangement
combined
constant
In
cases
with
It
is
should
of
view
of
a
desirable
not
through clogged
roof-gutters,forsaken bird's-nests,
soot.
with
suitable
supply can
where
But
the
storage,
generallybe
there
little
a
protection of
and
with
filter
should
contents
untended
and
soil.
butts
is
42
no
a
the
in
care
watercourses,
more
or
less
had.
main
sewer
a
cess-
att
Ff
Drainage
pool
far
from
the
of its
cleaned
without
will
be
found
and
of
being
best
iron
air-tightcover
overflow
and
sand
bend
be
also the inlet
fixed
on
disturbed, allowing bacterial
If this
be
is
done, the
required
so
inside
cesspool should
surface
the
action
the
as
An
The
is
solids
more
not
place.
take
to
cleansingof cesspool will
often
as
plan
provided.
to
that
so
in
water-tight.
make
to
should
pipe and
a
it circular
cement-coated
9-inch brickwork,
cement
be
construct
to
be
requirements
emptied and
Generally it
nuisance.
a
taken
conveniently
suit the
it may
be
It should
be
can
to
that
so
with
have
as
constructed
sub-soil, and
should
care
position.
cottage
arranged, and
of
and
necessary,
selection
the
in
be
will
or
not
less
be
must
disappear. The disposalof the overflow
governed by circumstances, but it is best carried
out
by sub-irrigation that is by perforatedpipes
As
it is not always possible
2 feet underground.
"
do
to
this
owing
waterlogged,
the
The
the
the
to
ground being of clay
overflow
cesspool made
size
the
of
but
omitted
and
for its purpose.
large enough
pipes will vary,
following will be best :
as
a
general rule
"
Interceptingtrap, 4 inches
Drain-pipes,4 inches.
Soil and
ventilation
Waste-pjpes, \\
It is
be
must
or
not
pipes,3^
inches
advisable
x
to
or
have
43
2
6 inches.
inches
or
4 inches.
inches.
the
pipes
too
large
The
as
do
they
of water,
not
and
becoming
Country Cottage
leave
Ground
(Three
so
that
through
top.
The
the
be
a
J
Mag,
pipes which,
smells
and
on
noxious
Architicl
waste-pipe
carried
current
above
of air is
should
have
44
a
from
eaves
upstair
as
tion,
ventila-
continually passing
grating of gulley and
outlet
flow
Bniroc
vertical
titttngsshould
the
by
^
E.
The
the
causes
"
Flwr.
cleaned
deposit in
decomposed,
^T^
gases.
properly
get
going
wire
dome
out
at
the
grating
D
similar
such
soil*pipe. In choosing
baths, lavatories,and w.c's for a
fittingsas
country cottage,
it should
difficult it is
get
simple
that
washer
himself.
a
pedestal,there
several
these, without
and
market,
than
2
new
decoration
at
attempts
the
of
seal
in the
The
the
the
basin
of
back
trap
less
not
inches, and capable of clearingitself with
2-gallon
flush.
The
flushing
"
descriptionis the
Syphon
capacityof 2 or 3 gallonsand
'"
A
a
forms
good
generally the best for appearance.
should
have a good flushing rim, and
vertical and
as
repairs
of
are
the pan
of
be
the
in
by the cottage owner
simplest form of w.c.
and
are
how
executed
should
reason
done
best
The
in mind
possible,so that
generally only
as
be
can
borne
repairsproperly
consist
may
be
for this
character
a
necessary
is
to
country, and
the
%'
for
used
that
to
rainave
of these
great number
best
as
inlet
of
fill it in 60
sufficient bore
nothing
is
than
have
to
If the cistern
arranged
to
to
to
one
is
that
takes
cistern
can
a
noisy and
this cistern
should
seconds
15
or
be
less
;
objectionable
minutes.
20
or
enclosed, the enclosure
that the
with
use,
are
exasperating and
more
the
quiet as possible.
cisterns
objectionable. The
of
cistern
a
easilybe
must
got
be
at
so
for
repairs.
There
is
perhaps
changed
question
which
public
more
completely during the
opinion has
the
than
last half century
question of baths.
Those
a cynic said that
it
days are past of which
no
45
on
T^he
but
there
and
is
it will
reason
no
it should
why
The
great.
The
owner.
expense
adopted
system
be added,
not
certainlygreatlyimprove
of the cottage
not
Country Cottage
the
comfort
of
fittingis
should
be
the
.
cylinder,this being the safest and not liable to
The cylinderis fitted
explosionin frostyweather.
the kitchen or sculleryboiler with
near
a flow
or
pipe
return
from
boiler
to
service-pipebrought from
somewhere
in the
roof,
bottom
of
valve.
The
cylinder which
draw-off
off the top of
cottage, and
cold
over
be
cannot
can
take
bottom
i
either
and
water
taken
tank.
It has
the
cold-water
with
is
taps
cylinder;
same.
are
the
inlet
a
cold
tank
at
the
provided
with
stop
all taken
from
pipe
is carried
up
to
top of
through roof or turned
The
cylinder therefore
emptied and consequentlyno explosion
place owing to the water
entering at
and
the draw-off
at
48
the top.
i'.
Chapter
Materials
VL
of
methods
MODERN
brick
"
the
practicallysuperseded
of
not
to
uncommon
side
building
have
entirely
which
led
the
unity
its
and
neighbour,
which
old
side
we
lost
old
builders
come
difference
between
curtail
as
doing things, which
to
exercise
as
and
it were,
that
one
to
a
shall
multiply,
be
rapid
which
familiarityhas
skilh
Put
of
an
flint and
But
sea.
local
traditions
to
various
sympathetic
D
brought
and
he
intelligent
an
builders
behind
him
methods
architect
will
under
to
whom
49
to
of
is
to
ways
them
all,
establishing
certain
a
to
one
dexterous
build
naturally
workman
will
the
delighted
reduce
to
has
and
stone
ordinary bricklayer
stone,
walling
sufficient,and
and
to
than
denominator,
common
and
legitimate
old
and
serve
pre-
building
many
the
in
more
modern
to
purposes
of
laying
instinct
cottage
the
little
so
"
Variety
put.
possible the
of
village
one
unlike
it is
styles of
new
same
between
the
ing
wall-
sympathetic
signify
to
varied
unconsciously
tendency of
far
as
that
however
be
and
the
in
harmony
gradually
The
old
by
they might
brick.
the
have
though
work,
cottage
see
stone
coursed
neatly
or
uniform
in
walling
a
be
with
wall
all
at
sound
self
readily adapt himthe
these
guidance
traditions
of
are
a
T^he
of
from
them
uproot
depth
of the
rough*cast and
plaster,of
of weather
and
variety; but
methods
with
boarding" all these are
walling open to the English
walls again afford a further
this
be
adopted
must
discrimination
the
choice.
north.
nor
cob
would
be
has
Surrey
of
any
the
be
brought
walls
and
its
keeping
brick
own
bear
to
thatched
of
quite out
other
ledge
Know-
random.
at
must
The
roofs of Devonshire
the
together,of
half-timber,
brick
brick
neither
and
upon
careful choice
tilingor
legitimatemethods of
cottage-builder. Cob
in
stone
brick, of flint,
stone, and
with
to
varying in
interestingway, the
with flint,
of stone
some
brick, of
of flint with
use
in
wish
no
brick, the
or
courses
has
The
soil.
their
particularstone
a
who
inspiriag,and
and
valuable
Country Cottage
walls
its thatch, brick,
tile-hung gables ; Sussex
its stone
and
and weather-boarding ; Wiltshire
its
flint ; Hampshire its brick and flint ; Yorkshire
and
brick
and
stone;
Anglia again
we
latter
has
flint and
more
space
of the flint.
the
stones
its
Lancashire
By
overlap
on
Wiltshire
In
stone.
the
stone;
bed
the
than
the
the ends
this arrangement
one
East
stone.
panels alternatingwith
occupying
width
of
flint
And
and
another, building the
together. This is a procedure that can be
varied considerablywithout
getting too far out of
and
bounds
losing the character of the method;
flint
kind
Another
quite
as
of combination
distinctive
in
its
50
of
way
flint and
"
it
brick
consists
is
of
Materials
flint wall
strengthening a
brick
2^
two
feet
vertical
three
or
in
the
of
G.
farther
is
are
alternated
This
to
say,
method
variation
of it
Architect
latter
uprights of
with
is
1
are
8
others
in
common
occurs
little
a
^SSEX
COTTAGES,
JMorrhj
These
apart.
that
JJ.
and
cottage,
brick, placed
WEEK-END
OP
the
every
Floor
Ground
PAIR
of
height
of
bands
about
deep
courses
uprights, also
A
horizontal
by
in
51
**
toothed
inches
14
in
Other
"
length
long.
inches
Hampshire,
Wilts.
"
and
a
counties
T^e
have
their
ample
the
Country Cottage
peculiar methods,
own
for
scope
imaginativeand
more
architects have
cottages of Mr
of what
the
been
spiritof
old
**
Uawber
the old
"
The
out.
He
has
caught
out
cottage with-
of
mistake
effect,and
forms
traditional
of modern
charming examples
are
Gloucestershire
the
giving
detail,and
find this
to
build in Gloucestershire.
to
an
in
open-minded
quick
Guy
fallinginto
get
variations
simple
each
merely trying to
knowledge of local
his
subserves
his individual
of
way
treatingthem.
For
a good
notwithstanding
idealisation
because
they
of the
which
is bestowed
one
tear
of life.
enhanced
what
in
it
shall
must
just
respond
old cottages
inanimate
things.
builders
understood
dilate
a
large
buildings is
shall
the
materials
that
stuff of
and
by the wear
figure
generouslytrans-
with
upon
is
to
seem
at
which
a
that
52
need
all.
its
It
home
a
the
charm
of
is
is
years
;
mysterious
in
quickens even
point which the
unconsciously,and
the
the
make
to
passing of
the
master-hand
This
deteriorate
not
beauty
any
them
to
which
here
the
survive
sympathy
not
on
Age, if it does not
it touches, only serves
sufficient that
built
which
appearance
ugly uglier,and some
influence to give them
not
mental
purelysenti-
fact that
a
ancient
of
by the hand of time.
upon them
of building
of the vital secrets
is the choice of materials
be
remains
beauty of
words,
but
is lavished
old, it
are
measure
In other
that
deal
we
old
need
time-worn
Materials
brick
and
timber, the
moss-covered
materials
of
beauty
and
iron
and
the
**
in order
stones,
such
well
as
mellow
the
clay-products have
this
gracefully"in
PAIR
OF
G.
such poor concoctions
of it ; they are
none
for
banished
In
Kent
and
finished with
not
always
"
are
they
line.
seem
In
ever
durability
Lead
of stone,
power
of
high degree, but
a
Floor
COTTAGES,
WKEK-END
LL
ably
admir-
wear.
kinds
First
A
how
certain
old
growing
metals, or
for the
of
durability
rightly treated,
best
show
to
chosen
were
as
tints of
SUSSEX
Aforrir, Arshiteci
for
stucco,
as
example,
irredeemable, and
from
**
Sussex,
brick, and
desirable
stone
these
of later date.
Their
be
building sites."
cottages
are
should
have
sometimes
main
often
are
"
but
istics
character-
simplicityof form, and the way
always seeking to maintain an unbroken
in Northamptonshire
Yorkshire
and
their
53
Materials
stone
cottages
county
the
rich
rule, and
the
are
the
in
latter
of the
yellow-ochre colour
stone
F1
Floor
Ground
SHOWING
PLAN
(Three
for
Designed
is
OF
LIVING
Bedrooms
Messrs
Smee
KOOM
and
Bathroom
Iff
Cobay by
highly characteristic,and
to
the
somewhat
IN
55
on
G.
First
Li.
gives
flat but
COTTAGE
WEEK-END
A
Floor)
Morris
Architect
^
its distinct
verdant
and
note
key-
pastoral
^he
landscape^
fen
and
Country Cottage
As
eastward,
move
we
countries, and
plains of
the
among
East
Anglia, lighterand
looking methods, with much lime-wash
marsh
over
broads
and
Dutch-
more
and
plaster,
of the place. The
seem
to suit the spirit
perfectly
modern
method
of rough-cast walling is often
convenient
here, and supplies a pleasantand less
than
those
discussed
above.
It
exacting medium
is in
fact the
applicationwhen
fail.
One
maxim
say,
for it is
of materials,
Voysey
was
various
the
the
least
and
harmonisingequally well
of
one
slate.
and
the
first
localness
"
local
most
with
Mr
tiles,
C.
F.
discover
to
rough-cast,and
districts without
peculiar
general
paraphrase a familiar
in doubt
play roughcast,"
once
useful characteristic of
it in
for
difficult materials
more
**When
brick, thatch,
stone,
or
almost
at
methods
all
local
might
and
"
of
best
to
A.
this
employ
artistic offence
any
of
neighbouringwork.
methods
In some
the gravel is pressed into the
matrix
in patterns.
by hand and worked
Simple
also be obtained
effects may
by scratching the
decorative
device.
plasterwith some
The
question of the thickness of the walls is
important in relation to climate and materials.
to
"
should
Wails
to
the
cold, but
rainy country
a
no
hollow
amount
increase
needs
space
of
in
in
thickness, not
proportionto
walls of
between.
In
double
"
56
the
courses
Surrey
weather-boarding
in proportion
and
A
wet.
with
Sussex
freelythough
it
J
^he
Country Cottage
for that purpose
is used
is
"
reallyenough
keep
to
dry. Anyone about to build in this or
adopt
any district exposed to driving rains should
these hollow
walls.
In Sussex, for instance, it has
a
house
found
been
advisable
thicknesses
cement
the
with
concrete,
build
to
between
space
those
in
or
the walls in
filled in with
where
cases
weather-boarding,or rough-castis used,
and
but
sufficient,
be
under
to
neighbourhoods without
will be weather-proof.
the
that
shown
fierce
9-inch
one
before
as
space
tiling,
erect
making
In
the
sure
will
a
in such
placesit
some
rains
house
a
will
will
circumstances
no
undertake
architect
wise
with
4^-inchthickness
one
9-inch
two
walls
has
been
through
get
a
8-inch
ordinarybrick wall. At
in bleak and exposed placesas much
the same,time
and good finishing
depends upon sound construction
of walls.
actual thickness
The
as
ciple
prinupon
14-inchor
be
to
when
borne
the
out
sun.
In
the
walls
of
part
and
These,
to
the
like
as
a
laid
upon
when
to
their
and
ornament,
a
made
decorative
wall, that they become
boards
only
not
fresh air and
enough
give by
structure,
added
is
"
again
note
admit
of
fairlythin, they may be both
beautified
by the addition of
buttresses.
when
admit
to
sheltered
serviceableness
only
shall
we
ventilation
cold, but
being
the
as
"
consider
districts
strengthened
suitable
in mind
to
come
we
keep
to
1
even
a
forward
straight-
effect.
not
vital
It is
essential
vicious affectation,
frontage to
58
a
imitate
half-
Materials
timber,
the foolish
or
mild
some
of
suburban
fortress and
a
The
of
use
affords
of
south
the
variety in
of
tiling,
England
,
cottage
a
of
treatment
the
Weather-
house.
or
often be
may
employed to
walls, and can then
of the exterior
whole
the
in
boarding, indeed,
the
pretence
weather
weather-boarding and
storey
the
guns.
another
upper
with
residence
pleasantlycommon
so
that mock
battlements
stucco
cover
sist,
con-
in sheltered
places,of any lightand inexpensive
of
frame-work,
given a good foundation
"
brick
stone
or
if
wood,
deal, can
mellows
and
to
however,
tiling,
weather-boarding prohibitive
to
step
the
in, and
modern
world.
is in all old
knocked
and
better,
coherence,
free.
the
on
be obtained
from
the
it is felt
in fact
to
only
down
bringing the roof-covering
upon
body of the building, and partly also
main
because
is
to
of
matter
the
is
work
confined
work
a
Weather-
partly perhaps because
belong properly to roofing,and to be
a
thus
of
method
storey,
upper
The
sill level.
or
convenient
lost
practically
or
painted; if elm, it
But
greatly by wear.
apt
very
and
floor
tarred
of
use
are
decorative
be
improves
against such
bye-laws
the
to
up
which
lower
levels
the
tiles
might get
broken.
A great deal of variety
may
in the laying of weather-tiling,
but it
in
of
view
to
avoid
even
the
those
the old
general harmony
fanciful
tilingis
Very pleasing effects
59
are
to
and
arrangements
not
be
altogether
had
with
^he
Country Cottage
plain tiliag,introducing
tiles
in
with
some
the
gables,
or
fipishes
two
or
three
r
used.
Care
having
that
neither
age
hard
nor
The
4 inches,
gauge
"
never
possible the
tiles
(r* A.
the
can
taken
should
should
than
be
avoid
appearance
pleasant
make
the
Arihiltltl
to
tiling should
more
always
hanging
plain tiles
Smlti,
metallic
custom
It is
or
Floor
be
and
in
of
Diiniar
should
fancy
lozenge shape,
where
courses
of
rows
in colour.
that
Ground
eye.
of
some
however,
three
or
slight variation
necessary,
be
two
be
from
latter ; and
slightlycurved-
tiles
which
to
the
g^
to
when
No
Materials
one
they
as
the
is familiar with
who
still be
may
Heidelberg
tilingon
windows,
country
become
cunningly
and
corners,
tucked
that
fingersseems
the
to
Smith,
dormer
hard
and
folded
round
touch
very
upon
architects
6i
surrey
Architects
themselves
of
them
plagiarisingthis delightfulmethod
slating,modern
of
plastic under
so
allowed
dwell
around
cottage,
Dnnbar
unyielding have
artist's hand, and
towns
charm
apparently
uouday
\if A.
Cecil Bretver
as
Floor
First
children's
in such
and
storeys
materials
methods,
wonderful
forget the
upper,
where
German
for instance
seen
can
y
old
should
to
the
the
be
so
awkward
the
dexterous
still.
Without
of
note
tilingand
that
in
our
\
The
owQ
country
a
CountryCottage
similar but
more
simplemeans
has
adopted occasionally.Instead of the roofs
slates
mitreiog in a hard line the tiles or stone
have
been worked
round the valley; this it need
necting
hardlybe said is rather an expensiveway of contwo
roofsyand in carryingout, it needs a
been
great
deal
of
through,but
result
is worth
care
once
lest
this
the
water
should
is overcome,
difficulty
the additional labour and
62
get
the
expense.
I' i
^--
r-rii
}im-
m
VII.
Chapter
Planning
"
of
Rooms
THE
of
enough
Yet
is
it
of
the
their
is
of
form
fanciful
into
neat
old
carpets
The
If
the
want
have
to
most
we
must
pattern
the
to
pitched roof,
"
and
of
despair
may
of
warmth
our
and
not
cannot
worldly
eat
prepared
our
at
the
many
63
kept
thickness
of
which
all
involve
fit.
within.
of
the
expect
a
top
steeprooms
cottage-building,
and
our
practical
housewife
beauty
have
points
to
we
a
up
comfortably
enterprises,
cake
be
divided
be
will
bay
house
a
into
into
to
the
in
cannot
exterior
unexpected
is
hand
furniture
the
corners,
forth
size
equal
must
in
nooks
other
0at ceilings. In
of
be
we
and
if
that
compact,
curves
planned
the
ment
arrange-
realise
elevation
is
people
the
and
it.
about
many
to
break
On
and
fail
and
they
bay
picturesque
we
discuss
all
exterior
rooms
difficulties
to
square
be
can
the
wall.
the
be
to
if the
flat, unless
how
the
obvious
think
find
inside
upon
seems
we
They
passages,
neither
windows
as
to
cannot
winding
pluces,
soon
rooms.
within
with
as
the
house
a
outside
they begin
exterior
rooms
the
surprising
it when
forget
of
accommodation
shape
of
depeadence
necessary
find
it,"
and
as
in
that
we
sacrifice ideal
TChe
beauty
for
practicalcomfort,
convenience
great
The
in order
to
and
to
get
do
without
a
greater.
a
first
question,therefore,to
rooms
planning is : What
the
in
Country Cottage
be
considered
the
are
most
familythat is to live here ? Are
of
to
we
provide for family life in the sense
constant
companionship and leisure, or is the
planning to be done primarilyfrom the point of
important to
of work
view
in the
together in
for
the
reasons
?
the
Are
habit
of
deal
apart ?
a
are
practicallyseparate
student
and
general
circle in the
do
want
we
of
the
hold
house-
of their time
spending most
common
pursuits,or will they want,
of occupation or of temperament,
to
live
good
members
breadwinner
a
Shall
provide what
living-rooms for the
who
will only join the
we
evening and at meals?
comfortable
in
general room
Or
which
which
of the day, with bedrooms
to
spend most
we
only go to change our clothes and to sleep?
modern
this last contingency many
To
meet
architects
are
strongly urging what is called the
main
provides one
large
living-room plan, which
all dwell
and
together,
airy apartment in which
of the house, except
all the ordinary work
and
to
such
quite dirty work,
central
the
hall
the
abolished, and
consists
its
of bedrooms
surrounding
Unwin
and
as
and
boot-cleaning,is done,
staircase
separate
of
remainder
upstairs and
offices below.
Barry Parker,
64
in
the
a
are
building
scullerywith
Messrs
Raymond
their
handbook,
Planning of
**The
Art
favoured
of
Building
domestic
and
and
lightingcentres, and
time
to spend one's
chief
of the
heat
fro
and
to
which
living-room
from
small
the
the
porch, or
of
space
healthy
in which
is conserved
than
of
rooms
among
and
saves
obviously more
large room
a
house
cold.
In
the
to
passages
under
from
the
main
warmth,
and
share
its
is
only screened
doors, sufficient
double
pass
plan
ascend
street
the
different
very
by landings and
stairs
consideration, the
a
in
permanently
are
entrance
it is
connected
temperatures,
doubtedly
Un-
of heating and
multiplication
the
labour, and
specially
the way
advantages in
hygiene. It
great
economy
hftve
Home,"
a
of room-arrangement.
this method
it has
Rooms
the
off
by
keep
to
draught from the occupants.
obvious
objection to this arrangement
direct
The
that it does
It is
away
admirably
with
suited
all
privacy in
married
to
domestic
couples,or
is
life.
small
mutually devoted families who like to spend
all their time
indoors.
But
for
together when
who
the unhappy individual
sometimes
wants
to
sulk, to read and write in silence,or to exchange
and
confidences
with
alternative
between
an
Perhaps, however,
with old people than
intimate
the
street
the
plan
with
friend, there
and
finds
his
more
is
no
bedroom.
favour
anybody else,especially
and cosy
if a roomy
inglenook is provided for
downstairs
and
them.
Generally,if they come
are
present at meals, they like a permanent
c(Mgn
E
6$
T^he
of vantage
where
the
hear
invalids
they
feel
and
household
interests
Country Cottage
and
themselves
of the
news
and
for
crave
separate
another^ like
On
the
permanent
and
room
a
other
thein
is
if
a
be
shut
bedridden
in
away
one
world.
provided for (and
pleasantoutlook is of
66
very
desirable
to
a
or
relative
be
people a sunny. and
greatest value)it will be
such.
to
by
periodically
living in a different
to
dull
Architect
visited
person
invalid
is both
CLANOON
Falkner^
hand,
its
Floor
AT
demoralising for
with
one
seclusion, it
COTTAGE
and
at
the
a
Ground
Haroh
life of
the
glimpse of callers,and
day. Unless they are quite
catch
cares,
watch
may
or
for
the
have
Planning of
their
apartment
should
prove
case
we
end
of
the
rooms
their peace.
the value of
passage,
that
ground floor, unless
noisy for
too
discover
a
the
on
Rooms
placed
or
flank
First
COTTAGE
Harold
is afforded
it
a
at
shall
this
In such
a
at the
singleroom
some
angle where
be quiet. This
Floor
AT
CLANOON
Falinetf
by
Architect
L-shaped house, or
from
some
separate wing stands out
any in which
the rest ; and the L may
very properly be divided
the quiet one.
into the noisy end
and
For
we
must
not
forget that the people who
want
to
make
children, gossips, and
noise, such
as
a
manual, workers, have just as much
right to their
advantage
67
an
The
noise
and
quietude;
it is
next
In the
of
case
be
his
at
of
them
to
often
is
be
A
his
inviolable.
as
building,
out-
an
house
and
warmed
by
containing
the
curtailed
in
the
is
worker
to
partake
the
living-
consequence,
double-fronted,
a
a
his customers,
shop, and
be of similar size, with
and
passage
allows
or
stairs
economical
more
of
accommodation
is a
arrangement
for brief parlance and
umbrellas,
immediately
the frpnt door, and
within
on
the
wall
or
small lobby, just enough
the
and
perhaps if
with
directly
be
to
house
between.
have
to
.
office
an
have
the
provision
of the cottage will have
nature
unless
him
from
both
the
Or
room
will
room
writing
mechanic
home,
for
may
dealing frequentlyand
of the
stillness and
separate
upon
range.
the front
active
an
resting or
own
made
street, and
kitchen
unnatural
conveniently arranged
backing
stove
for
their
to
artist,craftsman, or
an
approached
the
matter
easy
workroom
or
may
from
have
room.
studio
This
invalids
somebody
doing daily work
should
certainlybe
own
no
an
of
because
the
and
maintain
to
person
silence
in
students
the
as
Country Cottage
-
each
and
side of it
"
the other
The
stairs may
and
beyond
back-kitchen
then
them
or
having an inner door
room
one
opening into the workinto the living-roomor house.
ascend from the living-room,
another
scullery.
is,indeed, very often the
door
The
crux
68
lead
out
place of
of
into the
the stairs
cottajgebuilding;
Planning of Rooms
for
a
reallycomfortable
and
not
steep, takes
be afforded, unless
room.
One
desired
to
to
very
them
set
front door
a
which
will
little hall
for
only
brief chat, and
a
as
the
caller
casual
constant
like
mat
the
if there
even
afford
cannot
the
callers
Inhere
it is
are
of
in
seats
to
and
the
to
a
whole
real
a
fire,as
the
of
and
the
where
One
front
the
in the
livingare
being bathed, and
room
unoccupied, one
fire there continuallyon
want
in.
coming
someone
to
The
be
to
In
be
able
to
69
a
receive
seeming
feel bound
not
to
comfortable
suggested, is
makes
cases
intrusive,
without
hall with
above
house, and
do with
abolished.
frequentand apt
stay.
of
houses
him
do
we
one,
standing on
some
them
to
or
bosom
the
what
place where,
does
one
actuallyinhospitable,
ask
reason
him
children
keep
business
on
been
not
its
handy reception
has
great convenience
a
them
to
a
very
the
gangway
couple of chairs
into
small
is another
chance
mere
keep
does
one
;
when
room
to
a
in
drawing-room
not
door
often
recurrence,
formal
does
is
which
main
a
to
care
not
of
fireplace
for any
bring,as it were,
family. The problem of
not
it is
living-room,is
come
whom
well
inhabited
when
a
the
warm
serve
may
for callers who
room
has
steps
can
an
hall, into
winter, and with
in
of
stairs into the
compact
fire here
of the house
this
they form part
good method,
opeds, and
A
own.
in
than
room
more
up
bring the
broad
flight,with
a
benefit
great difference
The
to
the comfort
there
are
Country Cottage
of
going
children, and
no
leisurelyand simple, the
perhaps be accessible to
it is
not
make
it
who
everyone
the
callers
will
in it.
living-room may
all hours, but
at
found
be
AT
R,
willingto
Plan
F,
CHISLEHURST,
SURREY
Atkinson^ ArchiUct
arises
difficulty
in
another
form
interests
family having sufficient mutual
common
a
living-room,yet have by no
circle of
friends.
A
caller
of the household, and
member
habitable
had.
life is
so.
COTTAGE
same
When
domestic
main
Ground
The
fro
and
to
room
This
where
there
felt
70
is
a
enjoy
to
means
the
to
one
see
perhaps
no
privacy can be
equallyby the older
minutes'
ten
is
difficulty
comes
when
Planningof Rooms
members
the
of
former
them
with
earSy
it it
family and the
will naturallyhave
young.;
frieads
troubles
for
a
not
less
no
be
to
people just growing
up
First
COTTAOE
R,
confidences
should
AT
F,
meant
to
children's
that
young
visitors whose
Floor
CHISLKHUmST,
AiitMom,
be
while
coming
the
supposed
will have
for
SURRET
Architect
respected,and
to
whom
the
opportunities for a tete-h-tete indoors should, if
of
possible,be ungrudgingly given. In some
Mr
Voysey's plans there is an excellent provision
for a small smoking-room or lounge, leading
made
out
get
of the main
some
of
living-room and so arranged
its heat, where
several persons
71
as
to
may
The
Country Cottage
comfortably
be
while
meals
of
One
being
are
the
space
it does
of
out
of
best
"
dusted,
will
not
know
but
the
to
be
transitioo
for
nobody
useful
the
in
or
period
n
think
presents
keeping
regularly
of
the
which
to
fortable
com-
such
towards
adoption of
home
six
or
feels
ever
abolition
the
Hve
be
to
the
valuable
the
to
help immensely
of life and
simplification
nothing
rule, to have
or
main
with
much
so
have
The
the
away
over
Riven
which
doubt
for
household
which
home.
at
no
the
and
among
or
room
by
things
and
in which
room
seven,
"
that
chat,
cleared.
is
is sacrificed
days
or
arguments
"
best
"
laid
brief
a
strongest
living-room plan
wasteful
for
harboured
be
a
the
golden
we
beautiful
problems
of
do
j
its
Rooms
Planning of
for instance^ is
Whaty
own.
sky-blue silk cushion which
she
at
Christmas^ and which
to
expect
in
kept
wear
see
the
upon
will
with
Mary
gave
If
calls ?
she
which
us
certainly
most
be
perhaps
may
simple print cover
a
Aunt
the
done
sofa when
living-room it
a
be
to
made
be
can
to
quickly
the
she knocks
at the door, but
whipped off when
chief objects of abolishing the
best room
are
that people shall take
us
as
they find us, that we
shall hoard
nothing too fine for our
daily sur^
*'
that
roundingSy and
which
undignifiedscramble
household
what
to
soon
as
points like
On
gate.
as
as
rooms
shall spare
we
often
too
footstepsare
these
depend
essential
are
to
the
ourselves
in
occurs
heard
at
the
a
the
decision
particular
our
cottage plan.
have
We
said
that there
room"
''best
reform
for household
who
those
with
Whatever
that
to
ate
holy
Within
home.
tempts
the
to
the
of holies
its
best
''
"
:
the
be
to
us
is
traditions.
no
"
years
of
room
work
are
in
some
symbols of
73
question
is in
room
sanctuary
with
closely connected
the door, is
family: here, over
showing the progress of
in the place of honour,
impatient
old
four-and-a-half
of the
lest this zeal
a
real
of the
brick
walls
the
life of
mementos
the
the
danger
a
still cling
people
many
"
is
personally feel^ there
we
the
sense
for the abolition
much
so
a
certificate
daughter : there,
tea-service
a
given for
Crowding
good cause.
son
success
or
and
failure,and
The
objects
Country Cottage
which
ronnd
and
melaacholy
man
we
of
from
ailbrd
of
the
We
to
ride
front
may
workman's
he
of
way
living
mixed
in the
another
tion
collectransition
cannot
we
these
over
pleaEant
"practical"
a
this
but
to
rough-shod
traditiM9
,
room.
the
a
lemorseless
from
room
dwelling,
will
As
memories,
indeed, in
spirit,delete
but
associations.
sentimeatal
both
g"thered
probablj despise
shall
one
have
because
surely find
a
our
it is
and
plans
best
place, whether
74
reforming
for
for
it be
the
him,
the
Planning of
bathroom
or
In
interest.
is the
to
the
and
Abbey
its
COTTAOK
R,
F
IN
objects
and
in somewhat
home
do
monuments
First
A
stands
house
these
thee, the best
sense,
privatechapel,and
rektion
same
broad
a
for
cupboard,
a
Rooms
life as
to
of
room
the
minster
West-
the nation.
Floor
STAPrOROSHIKI
AtkintOHf
Architect
the
objects of the home, nor
of Westminster, are particularly
sacred monuments
beautiful in themselves, but they both symbolise
the need in man
for a
placeapart,"an habitation,
Neither
the
sacred
**
as
it were,
for the
expressionof
life.
75
his
most
intimate
The
The
Country Cottage
word
a
so
be well
lodgings)may
members
two
or
much
work
visitors
that
essential
shall be
of
carried
right across
ineffectual
nails
of
the
the
hooks
or
apartment
gives
the
kind, and
worst
makeshift
a
room,
the
of
aspect
of
in
part of
no
On
bed-sitting-room plan.
or
stout
rail
limp
a
and
to
casual
mixture
and
sleeping
a
of
lumber-room
a
in the
as
curtained
by
A
parlour
a
or
string attached
a
wall.
intolerable
so
their
arrangements
not
"
upon
the
on
appointments
washing
frame-work
drapery hung
likely to
are
neatly screened
solid
a
one
If this is done, it is
and
bed
if
prefer taking
to
room.
properly and
means
household
and
own
the
off, by
odd
the
home,
their
consideration
worth
of
at
into
and
building
furnishing the
as
bed-sitting-rooms(if we
may
spoiltby its association with cheap
upstairs rooms
use
of
question
the
house
is
of
carrying out
other
the
a
hand,
own
contrived, the worker's
private
skilfully
fortable
living-room may be as healthy, seemly, and comif he can
as
; especially
any in the house
and
unwholesome
provising
avoid
the
untidy plan of imwhat
is a couch
bed
on
during the
a
when
be
a
couch
placed
back
real
The
day.
at
its
night
the occupant
window
full share
for
to
(and
of
if space
well
as
that
bed
curtain
allow
of the
bed
there
course
permits)should
screen
or
may
free ventilation, and
get
a
from
the
be
fire.
A
well
so
thrown
to
good light from
early morning reading, as
of warmth
be
should
as
let
the
his
remarkably
Planningof Rooms
of this
good example
has
their
in
have
to
social
common
carried
out
the
on
modern
for
the
are
the educational
to
recreations
meals.
room''
not
carried
share
to
and
scale, but
it should
why
in
residents
place,and
''combined
cottage, and
and
the
handsome
a
whatever
reason
of
the
course
Brewer
private life upstairs,
own
work
"
rooms
bed-
collegiatesettlement
deal of their time
rooms
of
Here
the
their
give a good
and
the
for
students'
Smith
Place, London, where
assumed
to
Messrs
by
set
design
Tavistock
but
been
of
treatment
there
be
is
is
no
adapted to
in
out
plan
forward
straight-
a
unpretentious way.
planswhich spread themselves over an oblong,
of an L or T shape, it is often difficult
the arms
or
avoid
to
wasting valuable space in landings and
the alternative being to make
of
some
passages
In
"
the
rooms
always a
in
such
out
to
only
one
indeed
of the
convenient
"
the main
be
be
water
indeed
any
body
;
and
the
is
outermost
wing
of the house
above
"
rooms
that
will
stands
naturally
in cottages
ground
not
floor
having ,
(which
generallimit of a cottage)this part
possible,
building may well consist, where
is the
of the kitchen, with
the
The
cold in winter
storey
another, which
one
thing.
and
plans
from
tend
into
open
water
a
bathroom
pipes,and
all that quarter
tanks
it.
Thus
upstairsand down,
arrangements,
kept together;
over
the
and
kitchen
stove,
with
it will
connected
of the house.
77
all
may
hot-
warm
Rooms
Planning of
The
be
should
built
so
and
shape
that
relative
the
the
bed
from
the
should
the
be
fire
before.
requires
fire
fire.
where
so
To
no
disposed
or
give
little
it may
only
it, or
it
that
beside
small
thought
do
most
79
get
can
the
or
of
an
and
in
not
in
to
the
of
case
warmth
no
also
ouy
the
air of
care
the
workroom
and
and
where
occupant
him,
rooms
stand
where,
sitting-room
A
behind
beforehand,
"Hiey ought
can
weather,
extreme
or
bedrooms
positwns
door.
door^opens directly upon
illness
for
wall-space, lighting
fireplace,and
window,
expressly
carefullyconsidered
and
Tentilation,
be
less
bo
regards
as
designed
rooms
have
.
window
spaciousness
putting
the
good, deciding which
The
leaving free as much
wall-spaceand cupboard-room as possible.
will make
all
to little points of this kind
should
doors
way
valuable
Attention
difference
the
often have
careful
in
mind,
between
lesser of
more
choose
to
the
each
designing
Just as the chief
that of
so
fireplace,
important feature.
living-room is the
is the
bed, and
plan,
in
this should
its relation
Some
chimney.
to
to
place the
act
the
is its
factor
in
most
in the
the bedroom
in the
door,
window,
with
bed
will
be shown
doctors
modern
consider
its head
and
it important
towards
the
positionthe magnetic
favourably upon the body in
north, believingthat
currents
always
worse
will bear
what
room,
a
architect
He
better.
is always
and
"
as
evils will
two
There
the final choice.
be
failure,and,
and
success
hopefully a better
doing things, and the good
of
way
be
to
put it
to
"
and
open,
alreadyhinted* the
have
we
Country Cottage
more
in this
sleep.
There
is
separate
frank
It adds
for work,
house
noise and
where
it mess.
under
of
the
they
An
rightsof
gaiety of
the
is
are
at
80
least
and
the
and
place,as
for
nations
one
plea for
Best
a
recreation.
privileged to
admirable
title "The
routine
in the first
of the
that there
know
in favour
for the
and
It serves,
acknowledgment
considerably to
people to
said
a
of meals.
decorum
be
to
playroom, both for children
the housewife
prefersto keep
as
room
xooaa
common
the
great deal
folk, when
older
a
a
Room
place in
make
the
a
room,
playin
the
55
Planning of
House^'' *
the
Rooms
recentlymade by Mr Eustace
tennis
champion^ in an
was
well-known
Miles,
article
of space that occurs
in the
deploring the waste
best room
is an
majority of/homes, where the
and
wedding-presents,
emporium of ornaments
of being a meeting-ground for patents,
instead
"
'*
children, and
happiesthours.
great advantage of
A
the
ground
This
games,
in which
is
well
much
and
the
herself
a
the
when
and
An
be
to
the
C, B.
P
soon
a
as
I get
lectual
intelmatician,
mathe-
great
said the other
too
old
to
blow
be
con-
die ! "
it may
in the
even
attics,especially
cooking are done by gas,
of carrying coals is avoided*
labour
has
access
a
with
every
in the
grandmother,
and
sitting-room,if
*
of
heating
of
on
it lends
widow
kitchen
easy
paved
young-hearted of
circumstances
upstairskitchen
made
give
playroom
be
then
known
put the
heavy
the
well
lady
day, *^ I hope that as
I shall
.soap-bubbles
'venient
the
which
world,
some
to
itself ticularly
parof soaprbubbles. These
joys
A
and
'"
easilycleaned after
might be kicked up
dust
share.
Under
havidg
carpets, and
the
to
yielddelightsin
r
and
sanitary,and
and
boards
may
parents'room
floor is that it may
brick.
from
says,
and
furniture."
callers and
it unto
meet," he
not
the
the children's and
take
age
It is
**
freest
alike, in their
guests
advantagesif it can
without
transmittingthe
many
well-constructed
Fr^i Magazine (George Newnes,
Si
rubbish-shoot
Sept,
Ltd.),^
1904.
Country Cottage
7he
be built in the
be
On
some
the
downstairs
one
hand,
other
competition for
of the various
sociable
them
us,
he
will
there
of the
afford
beg
be
to
sure
the
keen
a
The
want
to
and
least
priate
appro-
dence
indepen-
artist among
an
for the
them
have
be
door.
parcellingout
seclusion
if there
and
ally
gener-
the
answer
familywill
of the
;
to
is
will
is first discussed.
rooms
because
they
to
attics when
the
members
if there
wall, and
outer
sake
of the
light. But the children will vote for the attics as
in the
a
playroom, especiallyif there be beams
roof from
which
a swing or
a
giant-stridecan be
hung. If not, a swing or horizontal bar^ or both,
easilybe contrived in the doorway, and other
may
simple gymnasticapparatus be arranged in different
The
window
be protected
parts of the room.
may
by a movable wire nettingfrom breakages by balls,
safe place may
be found
and
for a large
some
mirror,
an
aid
will
which
to
exercises
are
being
and
"
"
relaxation
when
done.
leg
and
encouragement
an
self-correction
balancing, arm
and
be
careful
Walking,
of
movements
exercises, that
can
be
muscular
stretching,
all
kinds,
performed
lying down, may be practisedwith the aid of an
end
inclined plank resting at the upper
on
some
the
convenient
window-sill, and
ledge, or on
reaching across
Given
is
a
clear
hardly
any
the
to
with
room
limit
gymnastics,with
or
to
base
of
the
opposite wall.
there
plenty of air-space,
the
without
82
variety of
games
lightapparatus,
and
that
Planning of
Rooms
little
enjoyed. A playroom waots
very
heating,and for this,if upstairs,a small fire-place
be
may
generallybe arranged againstthe
all active exercise
as
stack, especially
can
with
open
It
windows.
main
chimney
will be taken
is, however,
only
in
invalids'
sleepingquarters, and rooms
is done, that a coal
much
where
sedentary work
much
fire becomes
at least very
to
a necessity,
or
of the health of the
be preferred for the sake
The
playroom, however, will not be
occupants.
nurseries and
without
one
who
a
mild
part
or
comfortable
two
may
gradually be
in game
drill.
or
for
seats
wooed
And
to
when
lookers,
on-
take
the
when
fully believed in
physicaldevelopment is regarded as a part of
education and citizenship perhaps the household
for exercise
will assemble
as
regularlyas once
cult
of
the
body
is
"
"
upon
a
time
it assembled
for prayers.
83
Chapter
V\\\.~^
Roofs
and
Chimneys
life in
FAMILY
focus
itself
round
fire.
Even
in
monious
cbarbi often
the
by
the
PAIR
C
household^
the
round
us
its
that
fear
of
how
making
MILE
members
love
chats, rather
fittings,ever
an
the
No
mess.
'*
grate,
84
no
fire
than
hearth,
its
bourhood,
neigh-
tentatively
patent
marvel
to
reminding
in
orange
only poke
a
the
over
drawing-room
eat
not
can
special''combustion
its
or
steel
dare
fire
the
Architect
confidential
numerous
we
kitchen
SHOTTER's
Voysey^
dining-room
and
for
A*
and
for
there
gather
with
F,
cere-
Floor
COTTAGES,
OF
more
all know
we
to
living-room
and
larger
Ground
entire
main
establishments^
exercised
A
naturally tends
cottage
a
of
fuel
modern
or
Roofs
Chimneys
and
however
stove-boilding,
mical"
fire
do
he
aa
moment
for
a
this in his
person
and
hirelings
are
we
A
PAIR
C"
"
The
above
"
F,
saying
"
^.
the
that
we
in the
we
same
not
is^a stranger
u
we
may
may
thoroughlyat
and
home
;
.
in
.
Floor
SHOTTER'S
COTTAGES,
MILE
Architect
jf, Vojfseif^
....
"
of the main .living-roommust,
fijre-place
then,.be. inviting,hospitable,and
all.things,
comfortable
and
OF
it
;
never
First
dweller
]rear8 before
own
ecoocH
poke
to
fire which
:
A
freedom
has its basis
its company.
"
the
seven*
sentiment.
profirietary
trulyour
poke is never
a
compensate
familiar
house
own
and
his
The
pleases.
know
must
a
ingle-nook
the
in
for
can
convenient
lounge.in,sheltered
large enough to accommodate
and'
to
the. occasional
f^ stranger
the
from
draughts,
all the: household
thatt is within
gates^" Everything possible should be done
its fittingssimple, convenient,: easily
make
to
cleaned, and not
easily spoilt or tarnished; so
that on
festal nights chestnuts
and
apples may
be roasted, snap-^dragon played, and
toffee
even
cooked
without
i-ain of chilling
a
bringing down
.
85
^he
remarl^s from
will take
the
Betsy
In the
to
the
of
otherwise
well
at
least
not
the
on
view
each'8ide4"f
it, on
windows
the
sittinground
being
fire
a
"
method
of
windows,
the
room
beside
"
and
a
have
to
the
atmosphere
of
a
as
in
generous
a
for
To
would
the
room
hearth
windows
of in
We
is
are
"
airing
them
the
when
open
been
sidered
con-
seem
but
lately
nothing
fresh dr
never
our
have
peculiarcoldness
where
shut
to
"
are
approved
sit with
then
that there
discovered
of the fireside.
most
was
of fuel.
waste
marrow
the
them
wall,
'^mAf
lie
thing unheard
use.
blazing fire
gross
to
of
out
was
flat
a
while people
warm
open
the
across
"
keeping
only
of it
plans his
open
when
grandmother's days,
part
"recesses"
may
comfort
architect
their
to
it
it is both
it
set
cold
the modern
For
to
spoilingthe
without
any
its
warm
to
the
and
suit
Very often
where
room,
be taken
to
as
leave
to
economical
avoided,
opened
placed
long it
day.
next
must
care
the cold.
in
formed
be
hearth
room
a
so
and
convenient
a
of
the
up
and
equally; or
hopelesslyout
with
clear
to
how
to
as
fire-placelarge enough
dimensions,
will
house-mother
planning
have
corner
Country Cottage
so
chilling
of stagnant
and
allowed
the
to
heat
play
freelytogether.
In planning any part of a house, it is well to go
tary
back again and again to test ourselves with elemenof
questions as to the why and wherefore
what
object of a fire is to
we
are
doing. The
86
The
the
warm
Country Cottage
tively,there
the
should
is
reflect
radiate
therefore
and
to
be
used
rials
Mate-
room.
of
far
as
The
embers, and
the
instead
heat
its
setting.
into the
heat
^th
wrong
its
catch
this efFec-
do
not
something
stove
hearth
to
incidentally
that
be
must
position,or
object of the
if it does
and
roomy
absorbing
it
possible in
as
neighbourhood of the fire. The
object of the mantelpieceand chimney is to protect
the dwelling-house from
with the flames,
contact
and to convey
the smoke
to its
safelyand directly
the
immediate
outlet.
And
this
possible waste
trouble
and
in
itself
heat, and
the
household.
a
is added
ornament
eyes,
In
often
it
a
well-known
pompously
architectural
"
a
is
so
the
over
real
room
;
but
restful
to dwell
perforcebe drawn
hours
together.
many
encyclopedia,a chimney-piece
described
as
dressings
*'the
around
fifteenth
century,
the
in
of
assemblage
recess
open
It
might
the decoration
the
room.
England
the
merely an enlargement of the
of masonry
the hearth, forming a hood
together
necessityto gather the smoke
chimney-piece was
flue
the
the
only justify
can
constitutingthe fire-pJacein a room."
more
simply and fitlybe spoken of as
the fire-placeand
link between
Before
of
that will
it,perhaps for
upon
form
from
least
of dirt
minimum
The
to
the
with
by being beautiful,appropriate,and
the
is
of
done
chimney-piece as seen
itself be decorative,and
whatever
to
be
to
and
grate
may
to
is
88
amyATD
A
FARM
COTTAGE,
F,
PUTTENDEN
IV.
(GROUND FLOOR)
Trouf,Architect
The
Country Cottage
fire before
over*
the
from
that time
it reached
it has
onwards
First
A
f.
more
JV.
flue
become
proper;
more
and
Floor
COTTAGE,
FAllM
the
POTTENDEN
Troup,Architect
decorativelytreated,
and
the
stone
hood
the modern
chimney
disappearedand has become
breast, generallya 9-inch or. 14-inchprojection
from
the
wall.
The
with
fire-place
90
a
large stone
Roofs and
hood,
dates
and
that time
at
and
back
Chimneys
far
as
similar
the
as
JkxkIs
the
plaster,projectingover
FABM
F,
also
in
use,
and
canopiesof wood
fire,were
open
PUTTENOEN
COTTAGE,
IV,
century,
Floor
Attic
A
or
twelfth
Troupy Architect
probably
older
than
the
stone
ones.
In
of
a
stone
large living-room or
or
marble
has
a
hall,a chimney-piece
to
dignity and suitability
91
Country Cottage
The
place; but in
heavy substances
its
Now
mass.
then-
and
grey.
have
been
spoiltfor
of
the
foolish
were
characteristic
the
barbarisms
commonly
decide
which
block
one
to
and
of
the
the
materials,in the
years
employttigthem
often
itiodern craftsman
in
a
is
before
builder, and
in
similar
a
marbles
the
homely
stumbling-
alternative
to
chimney-piece is generally
of
ago,
and
stones
Yet
of
kinds
name
still
these
all
get
wood
artistic violence
the
the
it, and
cottage
afford
to
heavier
house-building,
fittinglyused
be
a
streaked
memories
our
of the
to
for
marble
those
firelight
plays
to
from
minds.
some
It
paint and paper,
pretentious domesticity
need
fair view
is apt
of
use
the
We
may
remembrance,
hundred
of
accessible
dwellings.
Mahogany
stone
a
pleasant
of it in
clean swept
take
can
the
earlyVictorian
imitations
period.
be
can
ordinary marbles
the time
being by
for
us
richly,
yield
or
dead- white
most
ill-considered
more
red,
hard
a
Moreover,
the abominations
when
in
be
the
close quarters.
in which
whites
agreeablythan
with
with
veined
warmly
soft translucent
more
shall
and
in
and
alabaster
a
be
may
we
of
or
chimney-piece^which
interesting to live with at
for
used
of
oppressive
beautiful
a
marble
of
be
to
cold
such
apartment
apt
are
and
slab
coloured
small
a
similar
learning
92
done
carving
makes
;
or
us
way.
that
and
to
the
these
moulding
shrink
a
from
Happily the
it is possible
V
The
Country Cottage
simple, restrained, and
the
a"sthetic
gain, from
firm, durable, and well-
mahogany in
The
dignified way.
to
treat
standpoint,of using
is that
it
brings
the furniture
too
of
use
avoids
introducing
general scheme
;
and
restful effect
the
use
Besides
abundant
us
with
relation
of wood,
for
scope
taste
Adopting this, and making,
chimney itself open frankly into
without
tural
adding superfluous architecare
dressings,"we
following perhaps the
simple and straightforwardof all methods.
The
'*
essential condition
furniture
and
simple and
even
but
incongruous with
polished furniture.
the
a
latter
are
at
often
and
frame
brick
the
the
highly
brick
decorative
modern
to
tiles form
bricks and
the crude
hearth
felt
once
upholsteryand
link between
ordinary chimney
Plain
its character.
with
Glazed
be
must
room
well
much
the
is that
success
the
primitivein
be
convenient
of
decoration
chimney,
which
for its
linen harmonise
and
and
a
and
fire-place
brick.
the
room
most
oak
to
the
into
once
into the
is limited.
it were,
the
at
homogeneous
a
is still left
in the
as
for
space
there
this
of the room,
making
where
setting of
fresh materials
many
thus
a
for the
wood
seasoned
a
of
the
ceramics
drawing-room
The
simplestand least pretentiousmethods
surface
of finishinga brick
are
nearly always
soberly furnished with
pleasing; and in a room
fire.
oak
and
fashioned
linen
open
the
nearest
hearth"
even
94
approach
to
to
the hooks
the
to
old-
hang
II
and
Roofs
kettles
"
satisfactory. Such
safeguardsin
This
may
of
makers
But
and
the
in
inconceivable
of
labour
the
chimney
coal-dust, and
soot,
day
mats,
pillows for a cottage,
easilyshaken.
should
Of the materials used
and
the
as
wood
for
of metals
this
like
colour, will
of
the
builder
judicious use
already mentioned,
and
a
results.
It is of
tile work
no
be
attempt
a
can
country
suitable
cottage.
and
copper,
costly.
use
amongst
The
use
pleasant
within
the
a
of
ordinary plain tiles,as
small
also
importance
to
so
of
shows, it should
made
expensive
urged against the
found
will be
sofa
or
loose, light,and
pine, painted white or some
usually be the materials
and
of oak
in
purpose
brass, steel,or
mahogany
scope
chair
from
framing the fire,marble
in
objectioncan
same
woods
them
generallybe found too
ordinary way, and certainlynot
in
known
will
stone
The
from
be
almost
never
and
rugs,
be
never
they harbour
have
dust
be
to
extent
an
who
the
upholsteries,
for
to
clearing the
and
should
corner,
ashes
those
to
All
day.
to
cushions
form
to
needs
seat
Padded
clean.
fixed
and
tapestries,
enough
a
fender.
or
chilly persons
such
most
generally
curb
a
broad
for
seat
toast.
kept smooth
allowed
be
the
should
of
the way
sometimes
comfortable
probably be
hearth
a
have
a
will
fire
the
over
Chimneys
obtain
95
be
cottage.
used
that when
be
"
with
Brick
good
the brick
carefullydone,
artistic
'*
or
and
effects with
The
bad
CountryCottage
We
have
architects
known
workmanship.
to imagine inferior bricks,badly biiilt,
seem
in some
sloppyjointing,
mysteriousway yield
who
with
.
there is
also
It is absurd
artistic results.
to
suppose
that
especialmerit and beauty in leaving
the roof timbers
showing and the joistsnaked of
the adoption
plaster;there are occasions where
of such primitivemethods
are
pleasant,attractive,
some
reasonable, but
and
if
affectation,
good
when
enclosed
met
are
of
for
Reason
But
used
so
on
every
occasion
the
economise
stoves
and
coal, to
our
without
hearth
open
modern
chimney of most
at oncb
by innumerable
patent
and
an
any
doing.
forsake
we
ridiculous
it becomes
apartments
their
consume
the
we
in the way
rivals
which
grates,
for
promise
to
smoke,
own
cleansing,and so
housekeeper with
selfself-regulating,
forth, ever
dazzling the weary
dreams
pf that Utopia in which
there
is
dirty work
these
schemes
not
in
of
are
to
let the fire out,
no
more
a
to
patent.
be
stove
to
may
do.
be
but in others
ordinaryfire-place,
is required, unless
reconstruction
providedfor in the originalplan.
an
96
In
some
of
easilyfixed
a
good deal
such
stoves
4
n
Chapter
IX.
The
Hearth
"
have
WE
said
natural
the
domestic
metaphor,
house
middle
of
vital
relation
treated
in
always
G
in
as
to
that
so
room,
is
it,
relation
kept
in
and
other
to
pivot
on
point
to
of
change
which
all
Architecturally,
is
the
but
times,
the
Jire-place
parts
it, and
The
view.
91
are
its
of
centre
literallyto
early
it that
the
or,
the
Ardtilcct
FM,
necessarily
not
"
doors,
turn.
chimney
main
forms
focussing
the
arrangements
the
Hreside
or
life within
Htraa
therefore,
the
centre
family
the
that
stand
to
in
to
considered
relative
importance
the
that
bear
bears
the
the
and
position
of
this
Country Cottage
T^he
is
relationship
the first
from
and
from
than
outside
trees
it should
the
of
or
and
with
the
the
the
with
of
brow
it were,
strike, as
building,harmonising
features
the
across
the
chimney is often
as
we
approach it
cottage
a
from
realised
The
within.
thing seen
among
better
sometimes
hill
a
;
keynote of
other
exterior
general style.
of the poet, the artist,the traveller,;
In the eyes
chimney stands as the symbol of human
welcome
and
How
cheer.
to
charity,hospitality,
the cottage
the
day closes in,is
kindly signaldescribed by Wordsworth
the
wanderer,
as
the
"
Sent
up
if it be
even
in silence
place,suggesting at
least
shelter, and
warmth,
the
among
but
home,
not
chat !
fireside
the
homestead, gathered from its roof
Take
care
of the
roof, and
of itself,"
might become
care
and
it
appliesto
proportionto their
greatest possiblescope
In
arrangement,
the
And
when
the aesthetic
first
the
impressionof
and chimrfieys
!
house
axiom
an
with
point
will
with
take
tects,
archi-
peculiarforce.
size cottage roofs afford the
for
varietyin materials and
and
in
coverings and finishings,
generalplan of
dormer
A
in
cottages
resting-
primitivecourtesies,
of
"
"
temporary
a
the
"
trees
considered, from
critically
view, how
important is our
more
"
of smoke
Wreaths
from
and
mute
the
and
attics,chimney-shafts,
windows.
chimney, being
so
homely
98
and
practicala
The
thing,should
an
There
ornament
part of the scheme.
stuck
It
the
on
be
to
is
it
as
up,
of
integral
an
look
never
for
be in itself
never
instead
must
it should
why
it should
top
brought
unpretentious
reason
no
appendage
or
and
simple
but
be ornamented,
appear
be
always
in character.
not
Hearth
like
effect,but
thing
some-
always
reallyis,from
the
foundations.
adaptationof
needs, chimneys have been
modern
had
which
been
walls.
fit in
to
of
It is
not
chimney
new
such
make
will
in
which
look
not
of
side, and
old
feudal
growth
of
the
the
rooms
system
still less
;
the
addition
intrusion.
an
on
have
alterations
are
quite a
Fire-places in bedrooms
innovation.
They symbolise, in fact, the
up
to
fresh partition
by
originalscheme
the
part of the roof
find any
to
themselves
rooms
to
easy
cottages
added
larger apartments
pleasantlywith
a
these
and
none,
off from
cut
old
in the
Sometimes,
modern
ing
break-
its domestic
individualism,of personal
in a
word, of privacy for the
independence
of conditions
unit in family life; the
antithesis
"
in
old-fashioned
the
of
members
from
each
of
the
other
the
the
dwelling
The
gradual
kitchen
children
and
to
homestead,
family can
hardly
all. Undoubtedly
at
household
has
into
had
or
nursery
99
the
get
away
the
different
interests
of
side.
between
banishment
attics, has
tering
scat-
parts
unfavourable
its
separation of
parlour, and the
the
where
of
not
the
been
T^he
for
always
mediasval
the
round
and
alone
this
a
necessary
ture
architec-
frankly with
everything was
or
living-room^
cottage
main
place,
necessary
should
Whether
the
building of
have
the
may
be
that
frankly
set
in
should
others
any
be
the
or
chimney
and
where
hall
chimney.
a
old
an
dominant
just
was
which
central
had
the
one,
new
in
the
adaptation of
it
it" compromising
plan
grouped
But
of civilisation,
and
process
follow
must
a
better.
the
in the
stage
Country Cottage
and
tiously,
unpreten-
they are wanted, trusting to
them
cally,
aesthetito justify
utility
saving grace of
it generallywill.
as
the
of
One
the
features
characteristic
most
of old
English cottage-building,
especiallyin Surrey and
Sussex, is the large exterior chimney flanking one
side of the house.
in the
of
the labour
and
In- the
whose
more
is
certainlynot
dwelling; but
widely adopted, fuel
accessible
than
thought of.
the south, such
that
forests
covered
were
to
go
the
roast
never
out
of
one's
we
back
season.
find
way
such
loo
Only
ore"
and
in
of timber
lavish
course
for
door
proverbial ox,
in the
resources
could
to
now,
little
was
districts of
the
the
the
only destroyed in the
by furnaces for smelting iron
only had
enough to
was
so
carrying it
where
"
weald
centuries
log
was
densely wooded
Sussex
entire
it
cheaper and
much
was
when
days
plan
warming
for
economical
most
as
This
the
a
of
one
wood
Yule
country
seemed
use
the
limited
un-
of it for
Hearth
the
the
framing
of
cottage
counties,
the
often
with
with
curved
with
11
The
that
and
chief
it shall
not
an
oected
appear,
essential
be
like
and
Tudor
of
it were,
afterthought,or
look,
1
mil.
that
a
worse
Bnd
we
timbered
houses,
richly set
and
out
panels
Jii^mJub.
cusping, brought
to
work.
the
exterior
integral part
an
as
of
west
north-
the
cross-beams,
li III
I
diapering
elaborate
is in
storeys,
upper
traces, solid
perfectionin early
its
as
ex;amples
projecting
im-W^
It
particularly,
more
splendid
most
walls.
to
be
of
is
chimney
the
dwelling,
slapped alongside
still,hare
factory chimney,
a
discoo-
and
not
T'he
CountryCottage
blending obviously and
Very
often
this
difficulty
may
small
span
roof
connecting
the
of
part
upper
the
be
chimney
The
of
general
be
either
and
features, or
unbroken,
of
roof
shaft.
This
the
with
tional
addi-
of
allows
sometimes
in the
cheeks.
roof
cottage
a
also
roof-line and
chimneys,
make
to
as
by
over
main
small window
outline
treated
so
windows,
a
setting.
its
got
the
gives a pleasant break to the
and
height to the attics,
the introduction
with
happily
may
dormer
the dominant
deep overhanging eaves
be kept severely simple and
it may
finished
and
by being hipped
gabled
or
practicaladvantage of the
its .broad reposefuloutlines,
steep- pitched roof, with
at
ends.
the
The
is that with
warmed
air it adds
cosiness
besides
ample
its
in cold
adding immensely
Ralph Nevill,
his
in
the
considerablyto
of the house
its
to
book
that
period.
hipped
roofs
also
are
points
the
sharp point being
No
ridge-board was
each
to
about
in
the
by
used, but each
9 inches
It
top.
to
they
below
1 02
were
the
as
Elizabethan
ingeniously
old
cottages,
small
a
pair of
was
the
run
much
as
how
out
avoided
pinned together at the
obviously inconvenient
together to a point,and
Mr
Surrey cottages,
generallya sure
on
contrived
and
seasons,
appearance.
the
He
heat
and
climates
pitch of a roof is
index
of its date; those
sloping
the
60 degrees being earlier than
says
accumulate
to
spaces
gablet.
rafters
therefore
hip-rafters
therefore
junctionof
run
the
The
of
pair
Hearth
The
rafters.
invariably done
with
of
difficalty
the
haystacks,
found
be
will
thing
same
forming the point being thus avoided.
Verges or barge-boards were
formeriy among
the most
tion
important parts of the exterior decoraof
boards
hung
of
may,
of
bestowed
What
modern
leave
his
has
A
attics
a
from
to
space
the
most,
vertical
a
only
small
plane, or
probably
large dark loft,
be
for the
without
not
window,
in
the
be
its
charm,
when
the
in
the
picturesque
within.
They
desirable, but
sometimes
cheeks
rooms.
bed-
or
rooms
to
a
utilise
of windows,
be said
or
many
to
nurseries
beautiful
adopted
for
has
man
from
satisfactory
convenient, and
should
get
or
would
children
judicious arrangement
without
they
and
much
economy
a
modern
Skylightscannot
often
as
slopingceilingis
often
are
house.
are
the
possible cubic
with
to
by ghosts
of
The
circumstances.
steep-pitchedroof
beloved
labour
roof must,
in the
study
predecessor, who
his
fine
very
work.
put
upon
or
is characteristic
be
to
a
lavish
the
century
are
generation,while
and
and
decoration
architect
than
they
Examples
tracery is in
;
depend
more
all
the
roses
dormers
fashions.
many
sixteenth
course,
be
in
such
on
wooden
carved, pierced, moulded,
in which
fifteenth and
to
be
Tudor
decorative
are
gable-ends of roofs, and
adorned
still survive
of
the
at
course,
otherwise
design
These
cottage.
a
it is
impossible
lunette
even
of
the
span
on
a
roof
T^he
aforesaid.
most
wiodow
A
something
world, and
Country Cottage
from
which
one
not
merely
at
mistakes
common
windows
upper
out
of them.
be
able
have
to
command
disposalof
the
and
their
well
considered.
distant
windows,
since
seeing what
to
a
and
the
of
the
to
up
house
see
should
disposition
they
often
may
and
ing
surround-
the
near
should
wind
do
much
are
not
be
about
care
a
interested
more
window.
The
in.
duction
intro-
leads, high balconies, roofwithin
rather
of
makeshifts
small
balcony
the
town
to
of
scope
of
one
is
practicable,
where
windows,
and
sun
gardens, etc., hardly comes
country
cottage, being
of
set
always be at
sedentary workers,
Children
of covered
addition
floor
the
of the road
invalids
passes
and
to
positionsshould
they
;
of the
one
if desired, and
about
view
aspects
view
the
in
the
upon
stand
to
taken
These
country.
and
the
always
be
dormer
the best
above
window-seat,
a
specialpains should
of attic and
sky,
properly
out
buildingis
window
Every
look
the
in
has
one
naturally and
can
high
too
that
so
room,
is
the
a
promises
com-
life ;
but
the
of
the
top
one
often
great
a
joy
the possessor.
to
A
the
of
ugly
the
have
the
cottage
country
modern
roof
belongs to
of
habit
is concealed
roof
the
should
offer
no
buildingthat
by the walls, and
having been built
so
of
appearance
instead of supporting it.
a
castle
or
fortress,not
104
to
for
excuse
A
a
the
set
these
round
parapet
dwelling-
I
l^he Hearth
shape of the
settingshould always
its
roof
The
house.
roadway,
and
be
and
clearlyseen
of the greatest
one
the
of
manner
from
the
of charm
sources
hanging
by any attempt to do away with overThese
ness
eaves.
give distinction and sharpthe outline, make
a
picturesque way for
is sacrificed
to
or
evergreen
beautiful
birds, and
to
give hospitality
flowering creepers,
watercourses,
shadow
the
on
and
to
throw
a
walls.
gradual disuse of thatch, and the decay
of the
of thatching as
craft, is one
a
country
in
deplorableresults of enforcing,indiscriminately
rural districts,
bye-laws properly suited to a town.
The
In
face
the
restrictions
the
as
of
for isolated
obvious
alone,
thatched
fire are
number
of
the
where
the
such
the
run
As
kept
the
a
and
are
to
their
tenants
bours,
neighhave
an
fire,for themselves
willing to
pay
for
a
of fact the risks of
matter
exceedinglysmall,as is proved by the great
of examples which survive, of considerable
up,
as
this traditional method
in Kent
and
Dorset, Somerset
for
danger
risk of
price they
cottage.
and
builders
age, in districts where
been
of
villagesby fire
drought, there yet remains ample room
they could be
cottages on sites where
right to
as
said for necessary
materials, in view
of homesteads
possiblesource
and
be
can
inflammable
to
devastation
in times
no
of all that
danger
can
and
Hants
be
made
householder.
105
has
Sussex, Devonshire,
;
and
by
due
each
provision
individual
wT.*n
T^he
The
shape
and
of the
colour
in relation
the
building,and
the roof and
restful
below
note
;
thatched
and
the
when
red
roof, or
^fcawB"T"
Country Cottage
considered
whole
I
to
walls.
should
the
prevailingcolour
the
materials
White
colour
ones
chimney
has
contrast
relieve the
chosen
be
of
for
chimneys strike a
been
freely used
pleasantlywith a
sombreness
of slates.
They also go well with rough-cast and with
the chimneys are
weather-boarding. Even when
not
arranged in one
they ought to have a
group,
If economy
certain unityof treatment.
is to be much
studied, the shafts themselves
may
be
low, finished
with
high chimney-pots; and this plan will have the
practicaladvantage of lessening the tendency to
down-draughts, especiallyif the shafts are high
is certainlythe best plan. It is
as
well, which
all possible provision
that
obviously desirable
of smoky
against the nuisance
chimneys shall
be made
from the beginning,in the planning and
of the chimney shafts and the kind of
construction
that the outside
used
in the fire-place,
stoves
pearance
apwill not
be spoiltby unsightlyremedies
in the shape of cowls.
No
discussion of the chimney questionwould
be
in the
complete without mention of the possibility,
house
or
present day, of building a comfortable
cottage without
any chimneys at all. A photograph
of such
house, built recentlyat Longford, near
a
Sevenoaks, was
published in the dailypress as an
illustration of what
might be done to banish the
1
06
T[he
dirt and
labour
of
Hearth
from
fire-places
heatingit throughout with
a
small
larger
stoke-hole
or
more
in the
hot
form
unsightly than
cellar.
107
the
air
dwelling,by
pipes,served by
of
an
an
outhouse,
ordinary
no
coal-
Chapter
Air
X.
and
Light
"
THE
house
is
the
housewife
difference
her
temperature
of
Unless
is
she
the
and
according
the
of
amount
housewife
the
in
different
that
tact
dealing
and
air
what
the
should
be.
will
family
accept
suffer
and
be
the
"
and
temperaments
with
of
enforce
to
power
may
is
individual
submit
or
"
stitutes
con-
fresh
some
of the
ruling
their
to
and
members
her
enjoy
among
what
rooms
by
the
Every
to
as
comfort,
overruled
other
is
opinion
much
different
preferences
stronger
of
how
and
the
there
theory
and
health
to
necessary
dwelling-
themselves.
own
draught,
in the
which
on
inhabitants
has
a
ventilation
one
greatest
them,
of
question
by
the
of
the
shown
wishes
to
household.
The
part
a
of
of the
the
the
**
write,
that
way
work,
far
cold
fresh
cottage
air
that
because
spoiling
and
there
is
the
windows
no
lo8
need
are
every
read,
to
secondly,
difficulty of
old-fashioned
and
valetudinarians
in
comfort
the
sits
one
theoretical
subtle
building
through
indoors;
recreate
or
flow
in which
of ventilation
way
of
one,
can
without
corners
more
persuading
people
practical
"
cosy
in the
difficulties
first, the
are,
such
chief
two
for
open.
them
to
They
be
are
j4ir
cold
only
of
fires in
camp
everybody
other ?)can
country
this
delight
how
the natural
circulation
and
by keeping
depressing and chillingto
stale within
four walls.
by
two
or
changed
of
economy
ought
be
to
essential
them
different
set,
sides
may
sound,
with
many
if
they
a
the
of
of
the
great convenience
different windows
the
wind.
The
ours.
warmth
is
windows,
keep
to
few
the
;
result
"
sun
to
be able
109
a
and
to
ardent
to
two
on
room
to
it
as
warm
because
firstly,
will
and
;
according
most
that
Paradoxical
easier
more
stantly
con-
Hence
necessary,
than with
the
be
to
like
of
of
so
only breathed
climate
room.
aspected
is
last economy
very
a
we
air grown
as
warmed.
whenever
windows
well
when
condition
it is often
windows,
more
is
are
system
as
number
reasonable
a
have
is the
practisedin
Another
have
fuel
is what
it still needs
well
as
his
keeping
Nothing
the
close
cold,
the
out
of
warm.
Even
people
a
town-dweller
which
"
or
ment
enjoy-
is lost in
keep
to
order
really mean
one
of the
much
not
time
some
methods
true
good
in
at
to
should
(and
degenerate
efforts
his
accustomed
of warmth
far the
how
strayed,in
from
open
fullyrealise
and
room,
been
have
exhilaration
and
has
know
firingby shutting
living in stagnant
and
who
the
deep-rootednational
our
windows
those
Only
Light
economise
trying to
and
doors
air.
of
because
meanness
our
and
the
**
"
the
secondly,it
open
to
be,
and
close
direction
fresh-airist"
T'he
Country Cottage
will
naturallygrumble
if he has
for
consecutive
in
days
the
gale, without
the
window
faces
which
east
him
be
pivot into
arranged.
hall
the
a
sheltered
and
a
only
be
for
their
natural
to
draughts
is
did
said he
cold
feet.
the
floor of
to
end
that
enough
low
add
to
are
the
for
open
opening
one's
at
knees
ventilation
stand
the
to
be
bottom
and
feet,
of
the
should
be
be
up.
windows
to
used
make
a
it is
to
writer
once
could
tain
main-
for very
should
long
done
and
to
snug
with
make
as
it
dust-trap,and
be set
only just
a
see
of them
out
It should
be
less
need-
should
be
made
but
unfortunatelythere
found of upstairswindows
only, serving only to chill
bottom,
stillexamples
anybody
occupants
that all such
top and
pious
becoming
the
aspect
sunny
protection from
that
should
windows
to
very
comfortable
as
without
having
without
to
room
undoubtedly
likelyto
of mind
frame
sometimes
namely, to
balcony, for
that
is
on
open
windows
A
Everything
a
a
are
room
believe
not
made
be
can
a
or
needed.
most
Christian
a
purpose,
part of
lower
the
in
they
garden
a
this
to
do
French
site.
adopted where
out
way
cold, unless
room
closing
opening one
door,
Large, full-lengthwindows
make
of
staircase,may
or
easterly
north-
a
Where
the
impossible,a fanlight over
a
and
south.
or
his desk
at
of
teeth
alternative
of
front
in
the
sit
to
while
room
no
making
the
impossible.
proper
More
"^
p--'-'---^
IM
E.
iV.
M-^rihall,
Arihi
^-
Country Cottage
T^he
remarkable
house
little country
room
the
at
top only, by
the
long fixed
weather, though
above
hottest
tolerably cooled
opened
have
never
the
If the
and
a
it is
"
to
introduce
draughtiness
for
excuse
adopted,care
or
curtains
casement
the
should
only
are
window
this
space
the curtain-rods
the
window,
behind
it.
may
this
be
often
to
to
space
plan
112
for
of
and
the
a
out
in
free
upper
the
clear.
blinds
or
length of
full
keep
arranged
of
top
is
blinds
window
to,
an
plan
the
hang
upper
cover
made
this
the
as
objected
in order
leaving
If
taken
to
be
a
When
the
demanded
it will
since the undeniable
is
leaving
adopted
secondary
worked
by a
be
may
up
is
is
for
transom
far
as
able
miser-
a
proportion of
long, and if the
too
it shut.
be
an
the
that
weather,
keeping
of
for
interesting
most
casement
a
proper,
If, however,
curtains
of
could
one
the consequence.
the
which
in cold
use
of it,yet
be
a
ments
case-
upper
moderately high
are
of casements,
cord, for
these
was
important
be
might
room
of windows
not
in the
that
so
looking out
and
ordinary way;
system
rooms
casements
of
pleasure
should
floor
necessary
number
sides
undoubtedly
windows
ground
both
imprisonment
this is
cottage
the
having
casement
of
panes,
the
which
windows
means
by
in the
of
sense
"
on
window
open
in
completely spoiltby
was
opened
placed
recentlyfound a pretty
which
the only sitting-
have
still,we
the
the
light,
soffit of
play
of air
and
lower
Air
windows
is
windows
essential
have
the
blow
the
thing
is
openings in
air can
be changed
the
directly on
least
Further,
ventilator
one
of
the
the
that
the
in each
a
part by which
and
good plan
which
room
wall
breaking-up of a
leaded
lights,"adds
The
or
of
knees
the
have
to
at
shall be
at
chimney
layer of
a
a
very
little
of escape*
chance
"
wind
lettingthe
ventilatinginto
will always be
there
stack, otherwise
stale air just under
the ceiling,with
top
should
room
upper
without
it is
or
convenient.
most
every
feet
sash
ordinary
the
are
some
occupants.
Light
adopted,
not
singlecasement
The
and
into small
window
very
much
to
panes,
the charm
gives the advantage that when
it is easilyand
small
is broken
one
cheaply
pane
for a mansion, has
repaired. Plate-glass,
except
a hard, commercial
look, and is quite out of place
of the cottage, and
in
surroundings.
glass for windows
cottage
with
one
of
the
crafts, and
in
modern
neglected.
Stained
most
of
days one
glass again affords
for the exercise
scope
right use of lead
and
stitutes
door-panels condelightfularchitectural
The
of
taste
;
a
looking passage or staircase may
brightened by a judicious shaft of
and
in
rare
cases,
where
the
cold
be
the
most
immense
and
bare-
warmed
and
coloured
window
light,
space
is
ample and the aspect good, the introduction of
slightlytinted glass may be an improvement to
the
bedroom
or
parlour. Blue and green give
H
113
The
coolness
to
Gauntry Cottage
warmth.
apparent
red
apartment;
an
Both
red
increases
and
have
yellow
and
stimulating influence; blue, green,
especiallyviolet, have a soothing effect on
The
be
colours, however, must
nerves.
chosen
and
well
they
applied, or
its
more
the
well
be
may
a
too
of the
staircase
suburban
painfullyreminiscent
windows
of earlyVictorian
days, which combined
so
deplorably well with its "grained" yellowbrown
painting and the mock-marble
paper of its
walls.
The
framework
wood
lead
quarry
considerably,but
1
8
inches
much
at
from
the
from
is
well
to
be
the
used
muUions
may
vary
it
within
keep
of course,
it may,
of
either
be
very
within
deal
; and
with
ro'bms will natulallymake
the
to
exterior
of
9
glazing
and
height of
great difference
for
between
space
it is
most,
may
smaller.
The
to
casements
The
8tone"
or
when
of
the appearance
as
well
indeed
windows
the
rule
to
as
it is
that
of the windows
their convenience
only
we
that, both
when
up
architects
maximum
the
have
two
made
floors.
a
of
firm
we
come
the
realise
for comfort
should
be
beauty, no cottage room
feet high unless
thei;e is a large
takes
a
stand
and
than
more
which
hall
Several
portance
im-
modern
for
this
height in cottages, notwithstanding
vexatious
bye-laws to the contrary, feeling
many
as
they do that it is difficult to obtain good
114
Atr
the
proportions in
a
low
itself
rears
seem
to
the
justifiedby
rooms
it
are
horizontal
their
always
Bay-windows,
a
of
look
the
on
of
instead
;
aggressively,as
when
do
Light
elevations
it takes
structure,
and
and
being
upstart,
an
inevitably
must
loftier
than
is
measurement.
pleasant
break
in
a
the general outline is austere, are
frontagewhere
especiallydelightfulin a country cottage, where
fresh opportunity of a sidewelcomes
one
every
post
glimpse of the distant prospect, and an outway
wherein
the
road.
for
watch
to
When
comers
and
up
leaded
adopted,
lights" are
agreeable than
**
down
the plain
be
more
nothing can
for a
it be
rectangular form, whether
single
window
hanging
projectingfrom the ground floor,or over-
from
elevation.
The
decorative
in
houses
above,
rounded
need
behind
it,with
and
frittering
away
no
detail.
have
been
association
with
bays
the
last
a
very
The
form
sit
in, should
should
so
up
whole
the
familiar
and
so
and
early Georgian
substantial building
a fairly
broad
and
simple outline,
of its sober beauty in ornamental
more
spoiltfor
jerry-buildingduring
suburban
but
wide-angle
us
by their
common
somewhat
fiftyyears,
the
bay
Anne
Queen
to
seems
carried
or
there
is
no
reason
why
pleasingif properly treated
harmonise
with
the general scheme
and made
to
from
of the frontage. Considered
within, the
bay-window, being likely to be a cold place to
not
be
be
kept, if possible,within
IIS
the
T^he
of the
direct warmth
placesit
thick
CountryCottage
be
may
a
fire.
In cold
and
great convenience
curtain,reachingfrom floor
exposed
have
to
a
ceiling,
hung
the opening of the bay, which
across
straight
may
the room
make
more
cosy at nightwithout closing
behind it,and may also,
the windows
when needful,
be partially
drawn
as
a
draught-screen
during the
day. The benediction of the housewife from
to generation will rest
generation
upon the builder
who
providesfor fixtures of this sort being easily
At the very least,
and firmlyattached.
the topmost
to
of every interior wall beneath
the cornice,if there be one, should be absolutely
inches
three
for
holding strong nails or
picturerail,from which weights are
sound
such
and
woodwork
should be obvious
on
and
hold
may
fixinga
to be hung,
long screws
accessible.
easily
in halls and
landingsand
be
as
for
passages
Curtains
times
some-
may
dustuseful, but their disadvantage
as
forgotten. The place in
be put is at the
which
not
certainly
they must
of stairs,however
head of any flight
small, for
here they might easilyprove
a
death-trapto a
person unfamiliar with the house, and approaching
traps
them
must
from the other side.
Lunettes,
made
be
never
to
or
open^"
and
small
-are
circular
for
be
hoped
that the
day of
Il6
always
also; while
rooms
and pantries
they are
cupboards
to
"
for stairs and landings,
convenient
sometimes
windows
invaluable.
the
long
dark
for
It is
cup-
jiir
the
under
board
of
corner
the
and
Light
stairs,or
in
landing, is
for
for
the
are
and
could
that
germs
household.
soiled,is
ends
dust
and
lie
to
the
dirt, and
that
the
any
and
worn
is
All
of
manner
there, in varying
often
of
and
and
moral
also
damp
about
wanted
not
cupboard,
leisure,energy,
in
or
way."
accumulate
into
put
contrived
hang there for months
forgotten or regarded as being
allowed
everything
be
clothing, often
Personal
together, either
of
safely "out
and
well
sphere,
stuffy atmo-
to
spring clean
breeding-ground
successful
most
Such
done.
ever
cupboards, with their stagnant
one
unchanged from
another,
ill-ventilated
some
it
;
odds
short,
in
the house
to
insist
is
little
requires no
courage
of
states
the
on
regular over-hauling and weeding-out of such
the
accumulations, and
purifying of all dark
if possible with light,but certainly
with
corners,
air.
However
always
more
to
or
be
be
well
some
less in
corners,
is that
of fixed
be
well
aired
is
passages,
darkness, and
managed
should
house
the
these
and
the
lit, there
and
will
recesses
important thing
parts of the
ventilated, kept
house
as
bare
heavy furniture as they can be, and
only occupied by things constantlyin use, so that
the contents
and
the
extent
thereby to some
surrounding air
get changed in the ordinary
of life. Cupboards facinga door or window
course
are
easily kept clean ; and when
required for
and
stores
of, such as
things to be taken care
and
"
"
117
The
linen and
should
articles
charm
be
CountryCottage
personalbelongings,their own
securelyshut and no soiled or
ever
about
put
old
into
them.
lavender
-
There
scented
is
a
doors
dusty
dainty
shelves
and
the air is not
where
clothes-presses
musty" but
and fragrant
by scrupulouscleanliness
kept sweet
of habit and by the sound buildingand thorough
ventilation of the house.
U8
I
Chapter
Fixtures
XL
and
"
'S
Fitting:
NOT
is the
only
important
of
the
whole
of the
economy
improved
house
and
be
knocking
and
shallow
be
out
long
be
tidy
the
and
of the
in
set
that
so
his
becoming
un-
they
chair;
No
room.
is
and
the
in
can
and
they
or
open
as
in
house
can
which
the
inadequate;
shelves
well
the
but
make
may
of
distinction
and
beauty
staircases
tendency,
quarters,
the
be
ment
arrange-
the
in
as
comfort
occupiers.
The
on
the
by
comfortable
accommodation
difference
rooms
the
and
disposal of cupboards
all the
of
back
into
contents
cupboard
interior
enormously
be
may
the
mean-looking, always tumbling
their
kept
and
disturbing somebody
the
against
fact
in
very
treatment
whole
places,
without
at
got
The
They
awkward
it
decorative
marred
cupboards.
but
architectural
the
may
tion
ventila-
proper
house,
view.
deplorably
or
of the
never
of
point
utilitarian
may
from
interior, both
the
the
cupboard-room
the
regards
as
largely affects
of
of
question
to
build
whole
for
stabilityin
of
removals,
the
good
a
domestic
to
clearly
now
have
furniture
marked
into
It must
one.
life,and
not
up
in
the
at
house,
least
simplify the
only
many
is
make
labour
cupboards
and
The
shelves, but
hat
Country Cottage
the
also
umbrella
and
principalseats
stands, and
not
have
to
to
suites" from
**
obvious
the
exercise
of
think
stick, and
through
it intact
would
welcome
convenience
apron
of
but
for its
would
be
at
a
nice
of
people
for
its
accepts
as
one
as
the
and
cap
evening
of
dress
the
if the
ality,
person-
the
habitable.
and
easier
On
the
wife
house-
individual
substantial
most
in
furniture
and
were
building.
the
is
it
nicest
good
displayof
articles of
part of the
a
their
similarlyno
loss for the
house
as
all look
and
;
Broadly speaking,
contains
It is
change.
subordinate
at
universallynecessary
provided
preserve
number
the
last
they give the best possible
display. It is generallyagreed that
her
in
of
cling
the
to
to
in another
look
people who
some
quiet uniform
taste
great
such
and
they
sense
one
still
arrangement
uniforms
maid-servants
In
men.
scope
such
conventional
certain
too
simplicity
; just
and
house-
impossible
would
great
a
some
extent
some
furniture, to
own
that
to
many
all vicissitudes
certain, however,
The
another.
be
pains
no
some
cumber-
individualityin
that
the
dwelling,and
to
would
furnishing; that it
please all tastes, and
tenaciously to their
of
and
that it would
objectionis
prevent
abode
one
lounges,
some
wardrobes
heavy
carry
even
in the
fixtures
tables, as permanent
and
other
less
to
hand
furniture
keep
few
it
a
clean
room
and
venient
really coneasilyopened chests, drawers, and
I20
a
Fixtures
boxes,
will be
use,
immense
an
to
temper,
things in regular
hold
to
chief
To
littered floor.
home,
tools
work
;
nor
A
with
limited
if
floor and
table
than
more
The
day.
perhaps
few
a
the
most
with
the
to
kinds
bindings
other
the
and
into
of dust.
edges
side
of
them
recentlyhad
a
in
all
cases
take
not
dust
every
the
fireplacehave
most
able
objectionif their
all events,
at
Care
room.
of
be
should
there
the
where
in
the
the
A
wall
kitchen
cupboards
121
the
lady
completely spoilt
prettiestgowns
with
in
leakage
no
shaft.
chimney
crack
is
kept
always
upstairs cupboards
by being hung againsta
evidentlycommunicated
fact,
clear
next.
the
fireplace,that
her
a
valued, should
are
the
case
from
real
very
a
and
come
around
Books
and
by
recesses
boards
cup-
is
soundly-builtdrawers
and dust-proof; cupconvenient
boards
above
in the
taken
one.
every-
with
disadvantageof catching all
the
about
cottage
a
will
sweep
at
their
such
room
doors
well-fitting
Cupboards
be
that
minutes
dresser
it is
is secured
means
space
in
a
keeping
with
level
a
but
space;
that
by
work
for
given
extravagance
an
appear
economy
on
much
is
untidy stacks
top shelves, an eyesore to
completely lined with
workroom
its
do
be
avoided
be
various
in
on
may
constant
not
of time, toil,and
to
who
those
but
dusters, brushes, and
nuisance
materials
and
neither
their feet
of
should
facility
every
their
saving
nothing
say
The
brooms.
Fittings
and
are
which
flue
set
;
near
in
T^he
the
fireplaceit
that
Country Cottage
is better
constantlyin
are
frequentlydusted
And
week.
a
the
and
the top of the
of shelves
if
shaking
A
they
not
are
this
to
is
Nothing
to
since
the
drifts about
and
the
than
again
beauty
will
human
the
staircases
limbs
flightof
house
with
it a difficultand
steps with
are
almost
is old.
of
as
comfort
a
whole.
beauty
or
straight,and
narrow,
a
the
enormous
an
mean-looking
inhospitablegangway
an
tion
accommoda-
of the interior
steep stairs,generallywith
"
first.
make
to
of
state
arrangement
fatal either
a
the
last
cupboard
the
than
the
make
upon
more
cottage
before
if
running in front
if cupboard
convenient
worse
depend
difference
few
in
dresser, should
or
great deal of shelf and
side
a
be
stairs, and
one
once
Curtains
room.
bookshelves
will
a
be
can
provided, but they are
apt to
and need regularbrushing and
dust-traps,
as
those
things
of shelves
doors,
well-fitting
sometimes
are
cannot
serve
in
with
series
a
they
least
at
naturallyaccumulates
dirtiest air
doors
of
bookcase
a
possiblebe hung
at
cleaned
for
them
that
so
use,
topmost
of
or
recess,
keep
to
which
upon
certain
to
rail
be
at
a
broken
the
Avoid, if possible,
spiralturning half-way ; making
the V-shaped
wasteful job to cover
a
matting,and
often
throwing
into disuse.
A spiralstaircase
corner
a valuable
is a picturesque and convenient
thing ; but when
of getting
the spiralis merely adopted as a means
the corner
round
it is generally awkward,
and
carpet
or
\1Z
Fixtures
and
Fittings
of
of
keeping with the rest
is nearly always better to treat
natural and straightforward
way
out
the
.them
It
stairs.
in the
more
making a plain
turning is required,
flight,
straight
particu-r
;
the
landing where
and then beginning another
larly avoiding that odd couple of stairs which
two
jerry builders love to set in between
many
in different parts of the landings and
or
flights,
where
they are always a danger and a
passages,
unfamiliar
of short sight and
nuisance
to
persons
the dwelling. Still more
with
reprehensibleis
of a
of putting one
the custom
step at the door
square
as
room,
has
been
modern
in certain
done
cottages
exceptional
difficultiesis this necessary, and everythingpossible
floor of the building
should
be done
to give each
that
could
we
Only
mention.
under
'
level.
unbroken
an
stairs is
advantage of broad and shallow
as
so
regards safetyand comfort, and the
great*,
look of simplicitythey give tcT the house, that,if
The
this
than
space
the
of
be
this
is
the
whether
to
when
be
a
the
be
not
space
enclosed
the
cubic
more
for this purpose,
staircase
into
the
seriouslyconsidered.
incidental cupboard-room,
quite so abundant, though
be
immediately
will of
course
straightstaircase
the cottage there
up
spared
throwing
done,
take
to
living-room should
perhaps, will
is
well
can
alternative
main
If
threatens
treatment
runs
will often
123
be
the
under
stairs
be
optional.
up
the
space
middle
above
But
of
it for
The
fine
Country Cottage
rooms
cupboard running between
upstairs. Such a cupboard
whose
vaults
a
childish
Claus
a
vision;
himself
the
have
must
possessions, of
of
the
been
of pegs
useful
most
knew,
once
we
treasure-house
a
main
two
utterlyimpenetrable to
distribution
proper
be
seemed
the
which
personal
number
certain
With
this may
storing-placefor
which
Santa
keeper.
shelves
and
our
only
too
to
accumulate, however
sure
rigorously one
may set oneself in a cottage to lead the simple life.
It might easilybe argued that cupboards and all
such
comfort
cleanliness
and
have
in
all yet risen
not
limited
a
the
to
philosopherwho, when
practical
his severely bare apartment,
to
put
you
he
One
kind
?"
clothes
your
them
usuallyput
of
a
main
**
of this
dark
red
ventilation
must
at
between
include
a
if
can
or
the
visitor
a
do
that
answer
as
a
the
a
many
124
modern
a
easilyadapted
the
course
shall
door
window
be
becoming
is
Of
be
any
other
fullycovered
with
screen,
acts.
and
seat
table-level,and
that
are
shutter
be
can
room."
dark
fittingand that
perfectly
in it,this
opening occur
a
to
that
where
in
necessary,
that
"
essentials
by
And
cupboard, however,
namely, one
photographic
cottage,
able
was
of
height
asked
"
But
space.
on.
increasingly popular,
as
are
handy receptaclesare a dangerous snare, and
foster the hoarding instinct so fatal to
to
serve
we
a
The
table, or
smaller
or
for
removable
interior
a
fittings
shelf
broad
shelves
as
can
and
Fixtures
be
accommodated,
be
used
for
the
entirelyto
taken
and
purposes
of the
cult
is also
cupboard
given
not
over
be
must
care
camera,
to
leave
anything in it (such as hanging
will easilybe spoilt
by the stains of
to
not
if the
and
general
Fittings
garments) that
the developer. Naturally the photographer will
prefer,when
possible,to do his developing in a
bathroom
of
or
scullery, for the convenience
it is a
much
here
more
running water
; but
complicated business to shut out all light,and to
freedom
from
secure
interruption;as a rule the
cupboard makeshift, with all its limitations, is
/
conducive
more
the
shutters
wood-work
the
to
less
was
these
household
j
but
and
windows,
sometimes
In the older
to
cottages,
important to the
when
they were
the
when
than
day,
to-
safety of
the
districts
in country
secure
were
peace.
of beauty
neglected source
fittingsis the provisionof
part of doors.
upper
life
domestic
much
Another
among
to
longer
no
so
(thieves finding little to tempt them,
and
there
being generally somebody at home),
ornamental
mere
they became
appendages, and
and
degenerated accordingly in form
setting.
Now, however, the country cottage is becoming
necessary
more
and
the
more
treasures,
who
of
resort
like
to
be
people with
able
to
lock
they spend a few days
question,therefore,presents
securely while
The
a
shutter
practicalone
again ;
and
X25
when
artistic
the old
it
in
up
town.
itself as
patterns
T'he
modified
are
they
as
added
to
for
;
"
pieces are
the
when
pleasant on
thrown
harmonies
or
green,
these
wall
and
of
form
an
top
to
and
the
meet
may
out
with-
series of
a
gets
bottom
abundant
exterior,
otherwise
for
the wood-work
good
and the
bare
colour-
cast
rough-
perhaps when they are painted
against rough-cast or white
plaster,that
look most
shutters
restful and homely
outer
brick.
It is
effect,but alternative
present
themselves
the
within
note
scope
in their
on
charm
that
against
afford
between
a
to
new
into
decorative
back
frontage, and
in the
framed
boards
They give a
sun.
both
windows
shutters
outer
louvre
these
certainlybe
must
of ventilation,a
standards
modern
be
Country Cottage
schemes
will
readily
designer. For windows
ground floor, portable shutters, well fitting
to
the
and
will
matching the surrounding wood-work,
occasionallybe convenient, as also for glasspanelleddoors.
126
11
Chapter
XIL
WE
its site
different
its
rooms,
the shelter
the
materials
that
the
doors
and
will
shut, and
have
judicious
and
likely
chop
to
deface
and
destroy light
kind.
But
it
been
has
about
what
beautiful
only
here
the
moment
the
a
;
of
will
time, and
last touches
to
the
until
be
or
work
to
soundly
case
been
there
the
house-warming
127
are
say
and
become
we
can
general principled
really have
site is chosen
who
left
will have
in any
should
not
practical needs,
our
the
have
the
be
built
and
a
decorative
a
better
dwelling
few
which
all the
the
the
making
repeat
of decoration,
minds
that
are
in
for
with
firewood
of
there
have
we
we
for
the
will
wanted
we
chances
less
If
decoration.
simply
the
the
done,
and
further
tenants
fixtures
that
is certain
that
seasoned,
assume
that
its
complete,
are
together
balusters
the
up
its
main
easily open
for
building, for instance,
been
the
well
put
"
of
provided
will
hand,
generous
a
of
will
been
sidered
con-
ventilation,
and
We
modation
accom-
aspects
dwelling
windows
materials
the
the
rattle.
not
have
have
suitable
are
We
some
We
securityof
and
that
that
and
of its furniture.
essentials
and
drainage
lighting,
and
heating
of
the
and
planned
sort
require.
we
Crafts
have
we
the
give
to
cottage
our
and
that
assume
now
may
Arts
"
cook
in
our
from
the
has
put
supper.
"-iA^^ate*M"B"te"iKHtai^l^i^
^he
We
of the need
hjive already spoken
proportionin
the
and
forth
so
added
thin
ormolu
they
but
a
in the
to
support
scheme.
a
It will
the
aspirantthat
designers or workmen
remind
to
used
carvings and
being adopted unless
clear purpose
easilyfind
not
forward
straight-
machine
never
well, however,
will
only
mouldings,
mountings
serve
harmonious
the
masses,
good
for its natural purpose
buttresses, for example, not being
"
wall \
the
of
device
ornaments,
as
of
balance
of every
use
of
exterior, and
and
arrangement
be
Country Cottage
either
he
ready to co-operate with him in making things
simple and unadorned, and leavingout superfluous
will he find it cheap to
do so.
trknmings, nor
On
the
cottage
left
contrary,
will
often
for
than
out
the
man
have
to
what
who
pay
is
wants
for
more
what
is
Paradoxical
in.
put
plain
a
sound, simplicity is the most
though it may
expensive thing in the market ; and the intending
builder will seriously
deceive himself if,in thinking
little he
how
he
fails
prejudiceand
before
to
custom
he
who
to
of
his
set
"
face
finish,"has
again
left
was
out
and
of
with
reckon
can
moulding
Voysey,
in the
reallywants
one
dead
he
will have
banish
so
much
from
his
plan.
as
how
has
of
come
over-
one
ventional
con-
C. F. A.
architects
time-honoured
he
ing,
dwell-
to
Mr
of the first modern
us
a
weight
which
againstthese
told
the
of
way
had
tricks
to
pay
trivial ornament
be
to
again for some
his design because
it was
so
startlingly
128
Arts
unusual,
the
therefore
and
window-sill
a
door
of
finish"
the jamb
or
projection,
a
the wall without
straightinto
flourish.
ornamental
for instance,
make,
to
without
set
highly distasteful,to
so
workman
average
Grafts
and
He
a
of
sort
any
realise that
cannot
ornament
or
necessarilymean
something emphasised or added, and that a piece
be highly decorative
and perfectly
of work
may
^^
does
not
without
finished
naturallysuppose,
things,
that
a
will
bookcase
ornament
any
when
all.
at
We
begin to seek these
perfectlyplain door, table, or
we
surely
less
cost
than
^'
a
fancy"
to
come
fancy" having now
of fancy on
the makei^s
dearth
the utter
mean
frothiness of treatment
part and a merely mechanical
lets good material
which
seed
in
to
run
that have
become
forms
sterile by
ornamental
and lost any grace and spontaneity
much
repetition,
have had.
that they may
once
The
ness
practical
keynote, however, of the costliof plain fittings
lies in the fact that it is
made
for
always dearer to have a thing specially
one
us
word
the
"
in the way
we
pattern which
sort
balusters
and
dozen
poor
I
to
accept
carpenter, builder,
the
So
long
as
we
and
so
forth
execution
or
the
as
score,
standard
that have
a
result
so
patterns
129
or
of
be
joiner
is
with
chairs,tables,
become
long
standard
a
content
are
of doors, window-frames,
design and
the
it than
want
day.
using every
the
**
in
made
by
cheap
lines
being
will
poor
available, but
The
Country Cottage
with
want
a
thing simple and
directlywe
shall
it we
thought bestowed
upon
the priceof its being unique. Hence
have
not
must
Next
to
surfaces
is
a
to
of the
building,and
of
kinds
ornament,
the
in
remote
incongruous
in
and
classic
be
perhaps
of
out
general
in which
locality
the
the
stylesproper
the
in
place
be
character
it stands.
to
citywould
a
village
are
do
pilasters
the images
of
Metal
flowers.
become
not
it
favourite
the
or
a
unpretentious in design,in
bold.
All
wilds.
of
or
the
surface
of many
marks
iron and
a
lead
are
that
storms
of
the
Urns
common
should
be
simple
should
upon
course
and
cottage
gains
fine
con-
pleasant
more
treatment
decoration
exterior
far
birds
for
work
;
look
conventional
Crenerallyspeaking,cottage decoration should
itself to homely and
primitiveforms.
and
and
quite seemly
districts,would
while
town;
a
of
must
the
itself,
material
the
suited
beautiful
of the
of design;
good work
This
consideration.
claims
Certain
pay
for
generaldemand
expect it to be cheaply had.
simplicityof form, the treatment
for until there
we
to
one
difficulties in raisingthe general standard
some
and
proof,
be weather-
in
beauty
its face.
with
Wrought
time-honoured
most
materials, the former
sharp detail and
the opposite kind
sketchy rather
soft metal
as
allowing for a good deal of
definition,the latter demanding
of treatment-r-suggestive and
than
lead
fine.
should
Ornament
always
130
be
for
such
modelled
a
and
Arts
carved, for
not
relief.
high
The
the fact that
has
cast
other
any
disease
due
rather
within
a
but
;
than
good
before
of
Lead
holds
metals
and
ness,
of.
sight
We
regards
intrinsic
We
and
think
of
was
the
unpleasant
of
the
thought
beauty
have
Cinderella
to
come
purposes,
spirit of
human
beautifullydone.
non-corrosiveabove
less
no
been
.
of
think
lead
treat
to
which
service
Lead
had
Far
a
the
far
sort
a
much
as
artistic
for
of
dirty
not
otherwise
craftsman,
too
lost
as
should
we
stuff.
mediaeval
the
as
used
be
to
special
as
to
it
its
long
too
adaptabilityto
workshop,
water
common
or
applying a beautiful
no
the
inspiring of metals,
least
and
has
apt
are
dullest
ends.
which
value
decorative
such
and
a
the
cooking supply.
over
has
qualities,it
are
serve
may
all
distilling
But
they
households
on
drinking or
durability.
serviceable
this kind
are
dirt
and
dust
unique place among
of its smoothness,
a
of
cases
of which
impresses
found
be
water-pipes
of
of
boiling or
account
on
to
metal
scare
it for the
using
traced
the
to
if it
purpose
importance
be
to
small
a
water-
that
is
probability
accumulations
to
them
made
The
place.
supposed
will
substance
convenient
its
take
to
pipes and
history; and in spite of
epidemic of lead-poisoning
the safetyof the metal
upon
it is unlikely that
purpose,
doubts
so
and
detail
ancient
for this universal
even
give
to
of lead for
use
the modern
some
Grafts
it is unsuited
is of very
tanks
and
menial
wider
to
who
be
range
T'he
Country Cottage
that
of
at
application
in
metal; and
palaces
and
other
any
uses
"
walls
^in
of
VioUet-le-Duc,
M.
treated, says
was
"
than
larger architectural
spires,and in the
its
roofs
cathedral
perhaps
time
In that treasurework."
goldsmith's
house
of seventeenth-century
gossip,the diary of
Mr Samuel
Pepys,the author describes the leadwork
in the palace of Nonsuch, built by Henry VIII.
'*
like colossal
**
great thing,"he notes,
One
walls, with
also
were
latticed
and
The
scale,
cottage is
revival
of
utilitarian and
not
leadwork
in
its
afford scope
likelyto
such
on
ample room
sympathy, both
intelligenceand
Mr
iron standards.
is
there
but
mean
lead, hung between
modern
for the
to
an
imposing
use
it with
its
in
decorative
more
Lethaby, in his admirable
subject,describes and illustrates
strictly
capacity,
handbook
R.
W.
of the
most
thepostsand quarters in the
lead and gilded."Staircase balustrades
with
panels of pierced
frequentlymade
is cpvered,I
house
is that
**
charming
littleventilator found in the wall of an old Surrey
of a lozenge-shaped pieceof pierced
cottage, made
lead.
Commenting on the neglectedpossibilities
on
the
of
such
author
says
adaptable to
perfectly
more
of
range
any
the
work,
other
ease
of
well
or
that
treatments
metal
whatsoever.
:
noble
No
"
use
be
cannot
a
metal
is
through a
matched
by
It combines
extreme
bility,
endless duramanipulationwith practically
from a tiny ink
and a suitability
to any scale,
a
medal
to
the
statue
132
of
a
horse
and
rider,
T'he
Versailles
a
fountaiOy
in
spire. Only
be
as
why
it is
vehicles
of
material
a
be
not
strike
in
again,
lead-covered
spire or
will
and
in
get
we
with
in rain and
a
its
sun.
possibilities
hoped that its decorative
builders
recognised more
fullyby modern
and
architects,
returned
that
of
the
will
heads
such
architecture
highly thought of
was
signed by the
so
lead
of
methods
rainwater
Roman
fittingswere
most
old
the
and
In
to.
decorative
that
and
old
the
shimmering
green
treating pipes, gutter,
be
dignity,
be
to
be
or
should
charm
time,
turret,
reason
no
its old
which
colour
of
architecture, and
of
of
course
quaint mouldy-blue
It is
of
so
think
seems
traditional
kinds
of
note
been
have
There
something
to
humbler
the
wonderful
art."
it
specially
so
are
to
"
would
England
in
hardly possibleto
full of
so
restored
in
even
lead
cathedral
greatest
which
metals
that
degraded
them
the
tin, and
iron,
"
the
or
century
our
possiblefor
hers
Country Cottage
work
plumber.
Pewter
into
and
for
use
years,
and
interior
when
small
light
decorative
much
strain
bolts
and
and
the
used
effective
and
handles,
white
or
bars,
latches
has
metal
come
fittingsduring
with
hinges
for
and
window
and
and
hinges
will
shutter
of
a
venient
con-
doorplates and
Locks
wear.
last few
it is
all
such
and
buttons,
finishings as
hard
the
judgment
material
much
very
not
receive
and
keys,
fastenings,
large
doors
II
Arts
of
must,
remains
and
of
be
course,
Crafts
possibilitiesfor
where
the
tarnish
will
advantages of a metal
be keenly appreciated.
of
labour
where
white
saving
metal
is used
its benefits
will
An
in
hold
house-
a
this
in
way
for
gas-fittings,bedsteads, hooks,
rails,and
forth, it is important
so
or
to
\
"
share
may
is used
metal
lacquered
not
enormous
candlesticks
where
and
;
fittings
that
secured
be
can
lamps, lanterns, and
even
metal
white
still
there
iron, but
hanging
that
see
the
oughly
lacquer or other surface preparation is thorlook
house
a
good ; for nothing makes
so
shabby and poverty-strickenas tarnished and
so
steel, once
ill-keptmetal fittings.Polished
largelyused for stoves, fenders, and fire-irons,is
veritable
a
badge of slavery to the housewife,
the time and
and
labour
required to keep them
far
A
in order
are
worthy of a better cause.
beautiful
more
and
natural
'^finished
bright," by
leaves
clean
it
smoothness
but
is that of
modern
method
iron
which
shining, but not with the
polishedsteel,and needing nothing
of
occasional
an
the
surface
and
oiled
rag
to
keep
it in
good
condition.
Enamel
is
an
which
ornament
sparinglyused for house
piece of colour, wisely
plate, lamp,
charm
is
points in the interior which may
of
whether
decoration
most
fittinglyreceive
it forms, like the
ornament
carving or added
;
of interest to the eye, and may
a centre
fireplace,
while
be adorned
its surroundings
even
lavishly,
are
quite frugalin character, so long as there is a
is
of
one
those
"
basic
harmony
The
two.
of material
heads
important doors, can
\
and
there
of
and
should
established
serve
of
and
windows,
also
between
colour
as
the
pointsfor
generallybe
between
a
the
the
more
tion
decora-
certain
doors
respondence
cor-
and
and
in some
as
early
fireplace,
Queen Anne
of the
Georgian houses,where the generaltreatment
opening and the styleof its carvingsand mouldings
the
are
the
same.
Brackets
or
shelves
136
over
doors
are
Arts
chieflyuseful
should
not
china
be
Grafts
the rail of
secure
encouraged
as
and
hric'iirhrac^
and
gather
to
and
they
receptaclesfor
mere
the
;
these
that
dust
them.
around
It should
curtain
a
hardly be
repeat that
to
necessary
all
having about the house at all
be good enough to be stained
should
and
not
is in its grain and
painted. The beauty of wood
in the texture
of its surface, and
anything laid
it must
be such as to reveal and emphasise
upon
wood
that
these
is worth
and
not
The
them.
efface
to
mixture
modern
house-decoration
paint in most
is chieflyused
to
cover
materials, and
up poor
surface to the world.
present a tolerablywashable
known
as
simple and
of service;
the
woody
the
but
less
less abominable
better
only
paint;
of
good enough
life with
with
a
equanimity, or
smooth
and
is
wear
should
the
positively
scarcely
used
wood
furniture
surface
dull
where
the
of
be
necessary.
the
and
stand
to
be
Varnish
for doorsy staircases,panels,and
be
quality
exacted
be
is done.
than
the
will
treatment
Scrubbing should
dirty work
either
often
clean transparent stain will
A
be
which
should
and
tear
finished
can
be
by regularrubbing with
a rag, and
some
simplecleansingpreparationwhich
will not pretend either to give high polishor
to
kept
in decent
remove
to
metal
except
condition
inevitable
should
where
be
of paint
application
much
as
as
possible,
metals are
exposed to
The
scars.
avoided
tarnishable
137
TThe
the open
and
air, as
in
railings.
The
borne
in
mind
look
like
then
let
when
to
us
rule
is,
at
see
which
it is
If
metal
has
that
once
shame
painted metal,
wood
painted to match the
attached). Similarlyif the
shutter
is
is hidden
of
kind
the
painted,
it does
obviously paint,and
as
be
to
(as
to
it be
surface,
be
material,
one
it is
be
gates
always
must
make
of wood
other
that
to
grain
some
sometimes
never
pretend
not
iron bar
an
bicycles,and
another.
let it
and
Country Cottage
veins
by
*an
have
not
wood
of
opaque
the
imitated
marble
natural
paint,let
grain of
its
upon
often
have
to
"
been
painted plaster
copied upon
the fireplaces
of bygone years.
around
be well
it may
Yet
just here to point out
that technical honesty of this kind
is not
quite
the same
thing a^ that aggressive literalness,
studied and irritating
simplicitywhich has become
our
identified
past
with
ten
from
rushed
cultivated
call
the
it
a
an
anxiety
method,
to
never
art"
**new
The
years.
reaction
have
"
artifice and
to
the
"
in
decoration
and
frankness
might
one
"
which
nothing of the
us
forget for a
the
widespread
opposite extreme,
unnatural
lets
this
pretence
forced naturalness
conceal
of
leaders
of
movement
have
almost
in
its
constructive
moment
how
It has
often) the thing is done.
become
insist
to
even
a
point of artistic honour
shall show
that all wrought metal
the hammer
construction
marks, and that every piece of wood
(badly
very
"38
Arts
shall
show
attached
the
to
and
joints. Peculiar
and
seams
crudity have
been
great craftsmen
self-conscious about
conveniently
No
themselves
good
that
one,
the
its
hinge
of
an
if
enough to carry a
need
not
craftsmanship
church
form
main
carried
ordinarycupboard
massive
also.
well
the
in
be
fell
they
furniture
a
not
so
letting the
of
piece of
decoration, is
Yet
been
not
good ; but
background,
it should
but
and
If their joints
things.
fashion
recent
fasteningsof
necessary
in
and
the
into
the
doubt
of past ages have
well
apparent,
as
these
been
has
virtue
edges; baldness
signs of grace.
raw
read
the
were
Crafts
door.
so
a
far
becomes
Sincerity
exaggeration
of practical
details,and the emphasising of points
trusive.
which
might just as easilybe left quiet and unobin craftsmanship as, indeed, in
Truth
all art
does
consist in proclaiming everynot
thing,
from
it were,
the house-tops. It is
as
is
house
possibleto be quite satisfied that our
well built, without
always seeing the timbers that
the
floor ; nor
does
leaving a
support
upper
surface entirelyraw
wooden
strike us
as
a
great
of polishing
the old method
improvement upon
It is useful
and
it by hand.
as
a
necessary
timely protest against the artificially
high polish
of our
and veneer
childhood's
days, when a table
in
the
mean
"
"
was
made
to
certainlynever
such
shine
like
intended
a
to
article of furniture
had
139
mirror, which
be,
to
and
be
when
it
was
every
protected by
TThe
tiresome
lest the immaculate
covers
be scratched.
CountryCottage
We
need
not
return
surface should
to
the
savage
and
in our
revolt against a decadent
primitive
refinement
this kind.
of
over
elegance and
Artistic sincerity
consists rather in an attitude of
-
mind
which
is
and
discriminate,
open
all materials and opportunities
as
at
once
ready to use
they come, yet also to select and arrange them
and adaptthem to the purpose in hand.
wisely,
140
Chapter
IT
XIIL
between
the
different
sharper
down
lost
and
is carried
out
brought
patterns
flat
or
and
surfaces,
selected,
they do
be
not
of
blended
the
and
greater
clash.
The
with
the
thrown
so
easily softened
scheme
whole
the
The
scale.
various
textiles
on
room,
more
carefullycompared
pains
must
be
of
number
that
taken
colours
must
designs restrained
and
plain colour,
the
not
same
decorative
a
discrepancies that
larger
be
must
for
in
the
when
as
into
restricted, the
masses
are
a
upon
structure
together, are
and
sight of
the
important
more
nearer
arise
to
sure
of
harmony
larger house;
a
contrast,
that
parts
even
in
being
parts,
almost
are
is
than
cottage
into
different
decoration
and
remembered
be
always
must
Decoration
"
colour
such
of
background
the
by
properly
decorated
materials.
It is
mistake
a
wall-paper
the
adds
designs should
A
paper
be
limited
in
a
a
small
room,
size
there
is
of small
and
but
be
Friezes
a
dado
large-patterned
a
room.
reason
It does
why
141
cottage
an
excellent
ventional
con-
ground
back-
entirely pleasing even
are
"
figured
quiet pattern, and
will make
pictures, and
space.
no
to
a
altogether from
banished
in treatment,
for
that
suppose
apparent
But
contrary.
walls.
to
rarelysuccessful
in
especially of panelled
l^he
if the money
wood
of
Country Cottage
spaciousnessto
"
for
hardly be said that a
displayingaccumulations
on
the
walls
should
its
and
ancestral
an
and
the
not
place
sideboards,
it
expresses
ornamental
It
room.
of bric-a-brac,
whether
"cluttered
be
entrance
is
cottage
shelves
on
housewife
homely
sport
or
part of the
the upper
need
effect
helpsto give an
permits
"
heirlooms
nor
up** ^as the
by trophies of
"
suited
better
to
hall.
is a pleasantand appropriatemethod
Stencilling
of decoratingwalls and hangings where
a simple
and unpretentioustreatment
is required. A cottage
for this
opportunities
gives one of the best possible
work,
the
when
passages
of
washed,
are
the
staircase, and
rooms,
distempered,or
when
papered, or
surmounts
of
walls
a
The
paper.
bare
stead
painted in-
washed
actual
frieze
is
stencilling
easilyand quickly done ; the labour of the craft
consists chieflyin cutting the stencils ; and these,
of course,
once
made, can be used again and again.
"
Home
arts
"
have
been
the last twenty
years, and
efforts in the
way
one
to
cottage-builder
do
his
so
own
method
saving
wrong.
also be
hands;
yet
in which
grace
Some
the
of
so
by amateur
panels,screens,
to
recommend
of the decoration
reticence, is least
;
the
with
stencilling,
perhaps, is
beginner,if only he have
simple decorations
easilydone
within
discredited
hesitates
much
abused
much
of decorative
forth, that
and
so
and
we
142
have
the
the
likelyto go
in plastermay
seen
some
quite
Decoration
kitchen
from
redeemed
fire-places
ugliness
by a few strokes of the paint-brushconveying some
lightdecorative figure in the quietest of tones,
blendingwith the general scheme of the paintand
In all applieddecorations, care
be
should
paper.
taken
of the decoration
to keep the subject-matter
in a certain congruitywith its position
; for instance,
there
is something obviously wrong
in putting a
common
representation of
waves
fire
so
;
and
less
no
tops down
decorative
years
with
stork's
in
traditions
close
bringing clouds
part of
devices
with
frieze,or
a
have
particularparts
nest
the
in
into the lower
Many
such
on
wall
a
been
of
and
associated
for
house
the
the
of
The
designs.
and
favourite
which
inscriptions,
time-honoured
for decorative
purposes
and
fireplaces,
other
eye.
Sun-dials
feature in
and
lamps
feature
considered
exposure
withoat
make
of
the
and
or
as
lanterns
exterior.
garden, and
to
are
form
adopted
gateways,
also
They
the
M3
be made
may
and
ornament.
important
an
will
point of view
weather, care
being
from
to
ways
doors
over
be
can
and
points that readilycatch the
a
delightfuland romantic
cottage wall
different
in many
Gate
a
creatures
Symbolic figures also abound,
within.
to
the
upon
both
ornaments
and
crowing
has
become
"
chimneys, for example
just as well be adhered
arrangement
have
panel.
"
may
a
tree-
or
his home
long since made
other
familiar
weather-vane; and many
cock
to
have
to
of aspect
taken
be
and
that the
The
shall
cottage
Country Cottage
be
their clear and
steady light*
harmony with the
colour, in
another
will add
lamp, or
part of the door
shine
on
of
tramping
which
and
up
out
turns
It should
prove.
names
all know
down
muddy
which
be
chosen
as
possible,easy
remember
the annoyance
and
bye-
stony
illusive No.
an
the
as
43,
case
15,
may
be necessary
to
urge that if
instead of numbers, these should
simple and straightforward
as
are
; and
on
not
adopted
are
or
on
lightwill clearly
we
be 45
to
to
the number
row,
the
garden-pathsafter
and
ways
where
for
night;
a
distinction
clearlypainted,either
glass above the door, or
some
it at
particular
a
be
the
on
in
by
of the exterior,
rest
If numbered
of the cottage should
the
of
Glass
of interest and
note
the homestead.
in darkness
easilyidentified
read, easy
to
liable
not
to
say, and
to
speltin
be
easy
to
different
The
of the rural postman should
capacities
be unkindly strained
not
by such jaw-breaking
nomenclature
as Llanfairfechan,
Paramahatta, Ballyways.
and
magrorty,
Decoration
in
its aspect and
on
shelter
door
in
and
an
its
"
to
form
room,
may
be
furniture.
like.
the
porch
purpose
"
will
naturallydepend
whether
it be mainly a
exposed place to
approach less bleak
it be
whether
or
in
the
a
a
sort
of
in which
allowed
Broad
and
sunny
summer
case
in
the
fixed
way
seats
144
front
inhospitable,
pleasantplace to sit
lounge and reception
and
great deal
a
the
make
of
may
licence
more
decoration
then
be
and
put if
Decoration
permit (a
space
if
and
slope
a
of buttresses
means
much
the
It is
will
be
to
wall
will it be
that
assumed
afford
not
the
to
comfortable
more
much
none),
for the back by
of the porch, so
than
worse
contrived
be
can
is
seat
narrow
the
country
for the
scope
sit in.
to
cottage
laying out
grounds and flower-beds, though indeed
of
gardener will often achieve wonders
blossom
within
however,
make
door, with
a
of
row
add
the
all that
a
plot on
grass
within
trees
considerablyto
path is of brick
the
his
the
leaf and
times,
Some-
will
boundary
of
to
front
perhaps
It will
waU.
the
be
the
to
gate
either side, and
the charm
skilled
a
walls.
done
be
can
from
gravel path
a
feet of
few
a
of
entrance
if
edge laid longitudinally,
in some
or
pattern such as herring-bone. Another
is to place single bricks end
pleasantarrangement
in
in
the
fillingin
direction
based
on
of
between
flags cut
even
the
form
a
to
of
on
repeating pattern and
small
pebble, flint,or
some
with
the
shape required.
hedging will only be
careful
observance
of
Efforts
repaid
in
if
shrubs
what
neighbourhood, and of what is
already there in the way of a hedge or a bank.
Nothing is more
delightfulthan an old hospitable
all sorts
of flowery visitants
hedge into which
have strayed in the course
of generations, sweetbriar and wild roses, honeysuckleand convolvulus,
well
grow
in the
"
attachingthemselves
hawthorn
K
or
other
the
to
bush.
145
more
One
solid and
of the
abiding
first things
TThe
the
Country Cottage
from
foreign countries is
the beauty of our
English hedgerows, not only
the thick-set growths that flank the country lane,
but even
the little boundary shrubs
that divide
field from
as
hardly hedgerows"
garden;
that
strikes
visitor
**
"
Wordsworth
says
wild."
run
their
little lines of
"
"
Evergreen
but
own,
the
bushes
sportivewood
have
that
hedge
of
charm
a
the
reflects
is perhaps to
be
changing seasons
generally
be
preferred. In setting this, provision must
for the winter
made
be
sturdy enough
twigs
also
and
observed;
slender
local
there
of
pleasing ways
fencing as there
the
make
to
a
its
growth
are
peculiaritiesmay
probably as
boards
placing
of
are
and
If wood
expense.
seasoned, and
surface
it may
arranging
the
first
from
the
is used
either
by weather,
many
balustrade.
indoor
an
be
rails in
and
shaping
of
balusters
standpoint of
well
the
when
hedge
Obviously, strength or security-are of
importance, but lightnessis desirable
be
must
bare.
are
fences
In
and
season,
be
it
must
left
to
be
improve
its
tarred
painted. Low boundary walls of stone
belong properly to certain districts,and
and
their
or
fiint
sober
and
cold
somewhat
or
it may
look
makes
a
hocks
perfect background for the colouring of hollyand
gillyflowers.
of model
In the case
villagesand communal
settlements
a
great
deal
146
can
be
done
in
the
f
Decoration
of
and
quadranglesto
tecture.
of the archiwith
harmonise
the generalspirit
The
will probablyhave its own
estate
garden-plots,
ponds and stream, avenues,
playing
Relds, and bowling-green, with rustic bridges
for the
and a modest
bandstand
where required,
But no
summer.
attempt at formal gardening
should
where
the cottages are
be made
homely
and pastoral
in character.
Attempts to combine
the ceremonial
and courtlystylewith the rural
and archaic will never
please the sensitive eye.
The
developments of the next few years may
bring,perchance,the garden villageas well as
the
garden city"within habitable reach of the
will depend on the
ordinarycitizen;but success
and unpretentiously
buildingbeing done sincerely
fulfil a genuine need, and not in the spirit
of
to
"restorer"
who
the modern
recentlyshowed the
way
laying out
greens
"
'^
**
present writers
a
which
house
had
been under
his
built as
saying proudly, Tou see this was
Italian villa,but we^ve made it Tudor !
Not
an
shall be regained the comfort and
by such means
beauty of an Englishcottage home.
care,
"
"
M7
Index
the
ARCHiTEcr,
of,
need
of
diversity
Cottages,
27
ment
treat-
in, 36
additional
Baths,
of,
expense
4"
Cottages,
of, 36
rows
in
Bedrooms,
79
modi6cation
Byelaws,
of, 16
pertaining
"
and
age
drain-
to
foundations,
Bydiaws, local,
chimney
adaptation
of
old,
family
Cottage,
14
of, 98
Cottage,
Cottages,
need
37
of.
pairs, economy
"
modern
to
99
life in
84
a,
istics
character-
building,
,,
what
caller,
Casual
the,
69,
to
of
overflow
contractioa
roof
Cottage,
of, 43
of,
,,.
42,
9i"
materials
9S"
94,
9*"
and
pieee
,,
of, 88, 89, 90,
Chimney
corner,
for,
Cottages,
of
34
chief
exterior,
10
7
sentimental
old,
tion
Idealisa-
52
and
Cottages,
Cottages,
East
Cottage
building,
form
grate,
91
upholsteries
essential
thamptonshire
Nor-
53
of
Anglian,
56
traditions
19
Cottage,
of,
proportion
good
128
1
shape
Chimney,
professional
Yorkshire
of,
of, 95
Chimney,
100,
pf, 98
for
9^
shaft, the,
Chimney
English,
,,
woman,
43
Chimney-piece,
old
101
71
70,
Cesspools,
with
do
colour
and
of,
Cottages,
106
and,
parapets
and
Kent
104
Sussex,
53
,,
smoley,
Chimney,
Cost,
questions
106
of,
14,
19,
Cottages,
*3
metal
Cottages,
worle
of,
of
avoidance
originality in,
luxury
Cottage,
marked
a
single,
kind
Cottage,
in
building
pairs,
or
furniture
of,
120
movable
wanted
Cottages
35
of
fixed
furniture
of,
120
28
Cottage
119,
Cottage,
130
Cottage,
Cottage, general
of finished, 127
consideration
a-brac
rows,
of, 28
Cottage,
149
of
domestic
accumulation
in,
to
suit
every
life, i
of
bric-
142
numbering
of,
144
Index
Fittings for baths, lavatories,
Cottage, building of, 27
choice of,47
in
quadrangles,
Cottages, built
Fittings for baths, lavatories,
and W.C.'s, choice of, 45
Foundations, chief things to
be avoided, 23
Cottage, scope for la3ringout
flower-beds
of grounds and
of, 145
Cottage, harmony in different
parts of the, 141
Cupboards, 35, 117, 118, 119
nttings of dark
Cupboard,
124
Cupboard, dark
labouring class,6
Neighbours, 13
New
up-to-date '' building,9
*'
"New
art," 138, 139,
140
for
care
,,
retaining
best," 73, 74, 75
Room, play, 80, 81, 82, 83
**
height of, 1 14
Rough-cast, use of,56
Rooms,
Pkksons
world,
with
outside
white
oblong, L-
or
metal, use
T-shaped,
Staircases, planning
main
living-room,64
strongest
,,
for
argument
Surfaces,treatment
living-room,72, 73
Plan, objectionto main livingThatc^j, use
65
room,
main
domestic
of
economy
of, 130
67
Planning
of
of, 15,
105
Tiling, charm
living-room,65
Plan, advantage
of, 61
gaujpein, 60
II
L-shaped,
roof,62
,,
Tradition, respect for, 21
of
house,
of
part
any
a
Trapping
Two
86
Planning
and
ventilating,
40
demands,
3
of stairs,68
turesque,
symmetrical and picVcHTiLATioN, question ot,
"
difficulties
63
Planning,
,,
Walung,
,,
,,
,,
butt, position of,
,,
4"
,,
to
nature,
Roofs,
Roof, general
treatment
102
3
,,
of, 102,
outline
of
103
,,
tage,
cot-
and
stone
low
Plaster,use of, 142
ProvisioBing, 12
Rain.watxr
108
of, 108
important
most
in, 64
rooms
Return
122,
use
of, 142
Stencilling,
value
of, 25
Sunlight,
main
Plan,
of,
"3
77
Plan,
47
Servants, staff*of, 4
Sewage, disposal of, 38
Soil-pipes,kind of, 41
Soil in relation to health, 22
of, 134
Pipes, size of,43
Plans, types of, 32
,,
sink,
ScDLURT
12
and
Pewter
frequent
wanting
not
communication
boundary, 146
choice
of
brick
and
material,50
variety in, 49
methods
of, 49
tendency of, 49
brick and flint,
50
brick, 50
,,
Walls,
tsi
flint, 50
thickness
of,
stone,
^6, 58
50
Index
Walls,
W.C.
buttresses,58
cob, 50
"
Wall
with
use
of^ 141
papers,
in bathroom, bad
haying, 46
Waste-pipes, discharge of,41
"
eaves,
Waste-
44
no
prac-
ice of
carried
and
Weather-boarding
in, 59
weather-tiling,
variety
Windows,
large, full-length,
Windows,
"
casement,
small panes
1 1 2
or
leaded
lights,113
above
Windows,
Window,
Windows,
position of, 104
curtains
of, 116
proper
s6il.pipes, imexternal
shutters to,
trapping of, 38
Water,
quality of, 26
125, 126
small circular,116
of
hot, 47, 48
Windows,
supply
it
bay, 115
supply of, 26
and
26
colour, 113
boiling of,
blinds
of 1 12
use
of,
Weather-boarding,
15,
,,
Wood, use of stained, 137
and
varnished, 137
Weather-boarding
use
of, 59
painted, 137
weather-tiling,
and
II
it
II
II
152
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tingoished
friends
of
of
on
"c,
the
of
The
1867.
rural
supply.
Association's
of
Founded
supply.
and
Details
Director,
Warehouses,
Seed
"
Hlumtrattt
ALL
FERTILISERS.
CattUogtnm
other
dis-
sent
free
GBBBHIHfl,
AcreTw.C.
ONE
Edwd.
the
interest
organisation,
ship,
(five per cent.], its Member-
OWEN
Wholesale
by Judge
Ruskin,
Special Deposits
application to BDWD.
on
Managing
AQRI-
Mutual
Pioneer
Brown), John
Mount
Temple,
purity
the
A8800IATIOH,
(Tom
Q.C.
Vansitlart
post
5'lows
Mark
BOSTICULTDBAL
Profit-sharing Society
Thomas
Trade
Pomt
Froo.
92
Long
it
BOOKS
FOR
THE
GARDENER
HANDBOOKS
OF
PRACTICAL
GARDENING
Edited
Price
II.
6d.
as.
I. THE
VOL.
THE
THE
IV.
THE
ROBERTS
Crown
Mfi,
OF
ASPARAGUS.
BOOK
OF
THE
BOOK
GREENHOUSE.
By
THE
OF
OLD-FASHIONED
H.
By
GRAPE.
OF
C
J.
W.
Ward,
FLOWERS.
By
Roberts.
V.
THE
BOOK
OF
BULBS.
THE
BOOK
OF
THE
book
of
vegetables.
The
aiLOTT.F.R.H.S.
By
VI.
VII.
Illustrated,
F.R.H.S.
BOOK
Harry
Oath.
8cv.
BOOK
Tallack,
III.
HARRY
by
S. Arnott,
By
APPLE.
By
F.R.H.S.
H.
H.
Thomas.
G.
By
WvTHES,
V.M.H.
VIII.
IX.
THE
BOOK
OF
ORCHIDS.
THE
BOOK
OF
THE
THE
BOOK
.K.
r
XL
THE
XII.
PLANTS.
CLIMBING
OF
PEARS
OF
By S. Arnott,
AND
PLUMS.
the
By
Rev.
D.D.
Bartrum,
BOOK
THE
E.
By
H.S.
BOOK
E.
F.R.H.S.
H.White,
F.R.H.S.
Beckett,
X.
By W.
STRAWBERRY.
OF
HERBS.
OF
THE
WILD
HONEY
The
By
Rosalind
Lady
NORTHCOTB.
XIII.
BOOK
THE
GARDEN.
W.
S.
By
FiTZHBRBBRT.
XIV.
THE
BOOK
OF
THE
XV.
THE
BOOK
OF
SHRUBS.
XVL
BEE.
By
OF
THE
DAFFODIL.
OF
THE
LILY.
BOOK
OF
TOPIARY.
Charles
H.
THE
BOOK
C.
By
V.M.H.
Gordon,
G.
By
son.
Harri-
the
Rev.
S. E.
Bourne.
XVII.
XVIII.
XIX.
THE
BOOK
THE
THE
BOOK
THE
BOOK
W.
By
F.
WINDOW
AND
TOWN
Mrs
OF
Wythbs,
Goldring.
W.
Gibson
and
Curtis.
OF
By
XX.
By
A.
RARER
ING.
GARDEN-
Baroswell.
VEGETABLES.
By
George
V.M.H.
XXL
THE
BOOK
OF
THE
XXIL
THE
BOOK
OF
GARDEN
IRIS.
OF
THE
CARNATION.
OF
THE
SCENTED
By
R.
I. Lynch,
FURNITURE.
A.L.S.
By
C.
C.
P.
Thonger.
XXIII.
BOOK
THE
By
Brotherston.
XXIV.
BOOK
THE
F.
XXV.
W.
BOOK
THE
GARDEN.
By
Burbridge.
OF
GARDEN
OF
THE
DESIGN.
By
Charles
Thonger.
XXVI.
BOOK
THE
S.
Fish.
WINTER
GARDEN.
By
D.
|n[AP[.A5IVL
llOlJMY
jUQWS A^OKT
PMOTOCRflPnS,
^ITM
fie.
n\5
PRICL
^
MCCS
tWfY
5niLMrAC
0/^L
lOS,
fTith
address
a
J
and
About
Publications
etc.y with
Donald
LONDON
will
LANE
JOHN
MR
copy
of
interest
Illustrations
Maxwell,
i2.
ivo,
and
send
Booklet
the
YORK
NEW
Post
entitled
Free
to
to
lovers
by F.
H.
L.
of gardens
Griggs,
Moore,
etc.
^
E.
any
For
Books
'*
containing particulars of
Gardens^^
of
Demy
net.
PuBUSHiR,
LANE,
JOHN
Illustrations
9
*JS, 6d.
Price
NEW
SEDDING
D.
JOHN
By
"
OLD
CRAFT,
GARDEN
his
gardenings
H.
New,
ABOUT
BOOKS
HARRY
BY
THE
GARDENS
ROBERTS
CHRONICLE
OF
GARDEN.
With
Garden
by
Seven
B.
L.
F.
CORNISH
A
Illustrations
of
Price
net.
Griggs.
58.
Ideal
an
Crown
8vo.
Bookman,
The
pleases
'*
as
as
MRS
Westminster
conveys
which
hints
in
an
THE
MY
about
writer
knows
8vo.
subjects
her
.
of
buying
and
number
the
manner,
CANON
of
.
.
plants
especially
are
GARDEN
With
Author.
Daily
upon
of his
a
quality
and
subject
in
Chronicle,
in
Photogravure
is
often
not
but
garden,
flower
Frontispiece
Crown
58. net.
"One
"
a
AND
8vo.
enough
fortunate
Canon
Ellacombe
to
has
a
own."
his
a
a
Price
scholar
'*
Academy.
knows,
ELLACOMBE
VICARAGE
of the
The
The
the
REV.
ELSEWHERE.
The
"
"
With
Crown
net.
5s.
interesting
gives
she
BY
come
and
..."
valuable.
IN
Price
Gazette,
facts
SUBURBS.
THE
Illustrations.
her
knowledge,
and
grace
affected
un-
lovers."
garden
WILLIAMS
LESLIE
IN
Eight
with
frank,
a
teaches."
GARDEN
The
is written
It
"
well
BY
A
in
*^*
is written
World,"
The
Chronicle
Literary
will
useful
and
ideas
to other
style,
suggest
The
"
Canon
latest
has
which
manner
writes
Ellacombe
book
a
of
practical value.
indicates
close
gardens
as
He
deals
observation
and
one
with
who
his
genuine
love."
BY
STRAY
With
Price
Griggs.
swings
Daily
in
a
68.
Chronicle,
net.
"
"
*
hammock
Eight
A
Illustrations
Crown
It is just the
underneath
BORDER
the
F.
by
L.
B.
8vo.
sort
of book
bough'
in
to
read
the
as
one
delightful
afternoons."
summer
The
it is
FROM
LEAVES
GARDEN.
The
MILNE-HOME
MRS
a
Daily
News,
charming
book
"
"The
with
garden
plenty of
thread
hints
runs
to
be
through !t
picked up."
all
and
white
gilbert
Bt
HISTORY
NATURAL
THE
BORNE.
Edited,
Allen.
With
Edmund
H.
illustrated
"Mr
of the
never
INTopriateform."
THE
H.
this
seen
Of
Photogravure
Mr
highly.
"
One
of
of
best
would
beautiful
"A
charm
new
editions
have
Fcap.
harmony
with
grand
is the
Isaac
taken."
"
The
and
Cover-
Punch.
"
speak
too
help thinking,
that
cannot
we
Daily
Walton's
is Mr
Arcadian
deliehtful
Gloae.
Pall
form
which
that
are
The
wcm-Ic
illustrations.
in
They
are
complete
cluuracteristic
peace,
Mall
Chronicle,
immortal
New's
sketches
surface
spirit of
most
ne.
4to.
cannot
we
"
old angler's^zfs^.^^The
"This
ever
the
; one,
preferred."
of
reproductionsof
allien
Walton
illustrated."
illustrations
edition
beautiful
ap-
\it\X.tx.'*Spectator,
seen
edition
of the
or
New.
New's
H.
G
Illustrations and
net.
15s.
never
the
himself
Walton
great
Portraits
H.
Edmund
have
full
Edited, with
Le
250
over
Edmund
We
line
COTTON
Richard
delightful edition, charmingly
"A
agreeable
more
a
CHARLES
and
Price
admu"
so
white
and
merely artistic,but
ANGLER.
Cotton, and
"
in
book
WALTON
design by
black
In
Gazette.
Introduction, by
With
masterpiece
the
New.
"
COMPLEAT
an
8vo.
drawings are not
SptaJttr,
StJa$Hts*s
"
IZAAK
by
equal,"'" CffUfttry Life,
no
New*s
have
Bt
Edmund
has
he
Crown
net.
of association."
poetry
Illustrations
200
chiefly in finding
lies
Edmund
"We
5s.
by Mr
of this class
work
of
New.
attraction
"The
ably
SEL-
OF
Introduction, by Grant
with
upwards
Price
has
CLASSICS
ILLUSTRATED
TfFO
of
the
Geuette.
*
The
Compleat
Angler'
BOOKS
MY
HELEN
BT
KALENDAR
With
DE-
Olustrations by
ftill-page
12
Maxwell.
Price
IN
COUNTRY
OF
LIGHTS,
Donald
MILMAN
THE
OF
GARDEN
Illustradons
Crown
net.
58.
by
Price
58.
Svo.
{Third
THE
OUTSIDE
and
page
Price
FROM
on
ROSES,
With
H.
With
a
Serious,
Cover-design by
New.
Price
MY
ROSE:
Natural^ Things
Things
H.
Edmund
Cover-
a
Svo.
THE
OF
Frivolous.
Things
Crown
net.
58.
5s.
Crown
net.
HOW
AND
Illustrations and
Svo.
THEM.
I GREW
Cover-design by
Edmund
New.
Price
6d.
IS.
net.
Crown
Svo.
[Third
Bt
OF
full-
10
New.
HEART
THE
Letters
and
Illu8tration8,
H.
Edmund
de8ignby
Edition.
With
GARDEN.
8maller
20
24
New.
Crown
net.
With
PEACE.
H.
Edmund
Svo.
GARDENS
FRANCIS
:
an
Edition.
BACON
Essay. Edited,
with
duction,
Intro-
Milman
by Helen
(Mrs Caldwell
Crofton), and Frontispiece and Cover-design
New.
H.
by Edmund
Price 2s. 6d. net.
Demy i6mo.