Theology 2

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The Matthean account (hereafter: Mt) is thought to have been composed somewhere around 85-90 C.E., and the Johannine gospel account (hereafter: In) was written sometime after 90 C. E. Since the other gospel accounts written by the Marean and Lucan communities were composed earlier (Mark: 70 C.E. and Luke: 85 C.E.), when we are examining the accounts of Jn and Mt we are looking at the most mature development of theological/christological thought left to us by the early Christian community.

Beginning now with the birth of Jesus, the gospel of John presents Jesus to us, in the prologue, as the pre-existent "Word of God" (see: Jn 1. 1-18). The Johannine community (to which the gospel is addressed) reflects a refined theologicallchristological understanding of Jesus: he is the Word incarnate (In 1.14), the divine Logos. Although Mt's gospel recounts the more natural, human origins of Jesus' beginings by way of a birth narrative (see Mt. 1.18-2.23), and thus appears to present a more or less ascending christology (as opposed to the more descending christology of In), Mt still portrays Jesus as being of divine origin.

According to Mt, Jesus is "God with us" and he is born of a virgin (Mt 1.22). Jesus is not conceived in the usual human manner (by way of the union of a man and a woman), but rather he is miraculously conceived by the Holy Spirit (Mt 1.20).

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