University Ranking

 

WOR ORLD LD UNIVE IVER RSITY

RANKINGS NOVEMBER 5 2004

Aachen RWTH Aarhus University Aberdeen University Adelaide University Alabama University Alberta University Amsterdam University Arizona University Auckland University Australian National University Bath University Beijing University Birmingham University Bologna University Bonn University Universit y Boston University Brandeis University Bremen University Bristol University Brown University Brussels Free University California Institute of Technology Cambridge University Carnegie Mellon University Case Western Reserve University Chalmers University of Technology Chicago University University of Science and Technology of China Chinese University of Hong Kong City University of Hong Kong Colorado University Columbia University Copenhagen University Cornell University Curtin University of Technology Dartmouth College Delft University of Technology Dublin University, Trinity College Duke University Dundee University Durham University Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris Ecole Polytechnic Fédérale de Lausanne Ecole Polytechnique Edinburgh University Eindhoven University of Technology Emory University Erasmus University Rotterdam ETH Zurich Frankfurt University Freiburg University Fudan University Georgetown University Georgia Institute of Technology Glasgow University Gottingen University Hamburg University Harvard University Hebrew University of Jerusalem Heidelberg University Helsinki University Helsinki University of Technology Hong Kong University Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Humboldt University Berlin Illinois University Imperial College London Indian Institute of Technology Indiana University Innsbruck University Iowa University Johns Hopkins University Karlsruhe University Kiel University King’s College London Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Kyoto University La Sapienza University La Trobe University Lancaster University Leeds University Leicester University Leiden University Liverpool University Lomonosov Moscow State University London School of Economics Lund University Maastricht University Macquarie University Madrid Autonomous University Malaya University Manchester University and Umist Maryland University Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts University Massey University McGill University McMaster University Melbourne University Michigan State University Michigan University Minnesota University Monash University Montpellier University Munich University Nagoya University Nanjing University Nanyang University National Autonomous University of Mexico National Taiwan University National University of Singapore New South Wales University New York University Newcastle upon Tyne University Nijmegen University North Carolina University Northwestern University Norwegian University of Science and Technology Nottingham University Osaka University Oslo University Otago University Oxford University Paris VI, Pierre et Marie Curie University Paris XI, Université Paris-Sud Penn State University Pennsylvania University Pohang University of Science and Technology Princeton University Purdue University Queen Mary University of London Queen’s University Belfast Queensland University Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Rice University RMIT University Rochester University Royal Institute of Technology Rutgers State University Sains Malaysia University School of Oriental and African Studies Seoul National University Sheffield University Sorbonne Paris Southampton University St Andrews University Stanford University Stockholm University Stony Brook, State University of New York Strasbourg University Stuttgart University Sussex University Sydney University Tasmania University Technical University Berlin Technical University Munich Tec Technic hnical al Uni Univers versity ity of of Denmark Technical University of Munich Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Texas A&M University TH Darmstadt Tohoku University Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo University Toronto University Toulouse University Trinity College Dublin Tsing Hua University Tufts University Tulane Univers University ity Université Université Catholique Catholique de Louvain Université de Montréal University College London Univers University ity of British British Columbia Columbia Universi University ty of Californ California, ia, Berkeley University of California, Davis University of California, Los Angeles University of California, San Diego University of California, San Francisco University of California, Santa Barbara University of California, Santa Cruz University of Southern California University of Technology, Sydney University of Texas at Austin University of Washington Uppsala University Utah University Utrecht University Vanderbilt University Vienna Technical University Vienna University Virginia Polytechnic Institute Virginia University Warwick University Washington University in St Louis Waterloo University Western Australia University Wisconsin University Würzburg University Yale University  Yeshiva University York University Aachen RWTH Aarhus University Univ ersity Aberdeen University Adelaide University

WHO IS NUMBER ONE

 

WORLD UNIVERSITY RANKINGS EDITORIAL

Top oppe perrfo form rmer ers s on on th the e global stage take a bow

Students, academics and companies placing research contracts all need to know which are the t he best universities in the world. And the measures used to t o identify them are crucial, explains John O’Leary igher education has become so be revisited in future but produced too international that it is no longer limited a response to be reliable. Others, enough for the leading universities such as spending on libraries, were too to know that they are ahead of the closely linked to national prosperity. Some pack in their own country. proved impossible to compile because of a Students are prepared to look abroad for lack of comparable data. the best course, even at undergraduate level;  Alan Gilbert, Gilbert, Manchester Manchester University’s University’s firms scour the world to place president — a prime example research contracts; and academics ‘The greatest of the globalisation of higher

H

staffing levels helps institutions dominated by the sciences, but the measures are as neutral as possible. When the next rankings are published in 2005, more improvements  will no doubt have been been made. It will take a big change to shift Harvard University from top place, however. Strong performances on all five measures confirm  what most observers observers have long long suspected:

are more mobile than ever. When having been influence has education, the newly merged Manchester been exerted headhunted from Melbourne University was launched last University — identified the by those in month, among the goals in its first recruitment of Nobel laureates the best strategic plan was to become one as one indication of international position to of the top 25 universities in the excellence for his institution. But  world. But who who is to say which the leading academic prizes were  judge:  jud ge: the those are and — crucially — how  another factor omitted from our academics’ they should be identified? tables to make them as Domestic league tables are controversial contemporaneous and consistent as possible. enough, but there are extra pitfalls associated Nobel prizes and Fields medals account for  with international international comparisons. comparisons. The almost a third of the points in the list of top rankings that start on the page opposite universities compiled this year by Shanghai represent a first attempt to compare the  Jiao Tong University. University. But why why count only  world’s top universities universities in the round. round. The these prizes? And why credit the universities process has been kept simple, partly because  where prizewinners prizewinners studied, studied, some at the turn turn so few indicators of quality in higher of the century before last? Why, indeed, education translate reliably across borders, credit universities where winners

that Harvard is in the position to which all leading universities aspire. The riches of its endowment will make the university hard to challenge, but its performance is not simply a matter of money. A reputation for being the best in the world acts as a magnet for the most talented students and staff. Other positions in the table are less predictable, and no doubt some are the result of quirks in the methodology or the different  ways statistics statistics are compiled worldwide. worldwide. But But despite taking seven of the top ten places, US institutions are certainly less dominant than most would have predicted. The strong showing by the University of California, Berkeley will encourage other public universities but, across the Atlantic, so will the presence of Oxford and

but also to avoid any suggestion that the data have been manipulated to produce a particular outcome. The five indicators have been chosen to reflect strength in teaching, research and international reputation, with the greatest influence exerted by those in the best position to judge: the academics. University staff from every continent have given their verdict on the top institutions in their field, rather than delivering a more impressionistic judgement of quality across the board. Subsequent features will identify the leaders in different disciplines, but here we examine the aggregated results of the survey. Other measures were considered and discarded for a variety of reasons. Some, such as a survey of graduate recruiters, may

2 NOVEMBER 5 2004 THE TIMES HIGHER

carried out their research, often at ‘Despite taking Cambridge universities and ETH least 20 years previously, rather seven top ten Zurich in the top ten. The peer than the institution that now  review, in particular, demonstrates places, US benefits from their presence? universities that there are highly regarded  The Shanghai Shanghai list also awards a universities in many parts of the are less domi-  world. Japan, fifth of its points on the basis of  Japan, Australia, Australia, China and nant than most Singapore all have representatives articles published in Science and would have  Nature,, thereby conferring a big  Nature in the top 20. And even advantage on universities with  Australians  Australi ans may be surprised surprised to predicted’ strengths in the areas covered by find six of their universities in the these journals. A further 40 per cent rides on top 50 — more than any country except the two overlapping citation indices, with a final US and the UK. 10 per cent devoted to a complex measure  Where scores scores are close, as they are lower lower compensating for the advantages enjoyed by down the table, there is no suggestion that big universities. The Times Higher ranking Higher ranking one university is definitively better than rates universities as they are now, or at least another. However, the ranking offers a as they were at the time of the most recently snapshot of the leading institutions on a set published statistics. The use of citations and of criteria that are valued around the world.

 

THE TOP 200 WORLD UNIVERSITY RANKINGS

THE WORLD’S TOP 200 UNIVERSITIES

     E      K      M      N      A      A      N      R

     R       Y       T      N      U      O      C

Max score

     E      R      O      C     S        W      E      I      E       V        R     R      E      E      P

     A       C      L     F      '       T      N      I

     E      R       T      O      N      C      E     S        D     S      U       T       T      N     S      E      D       Y    /       T      U      L       T     R      E       U      C      L    S      '      A      O       T      F      C      N     S      I

     E      R      O      C     S       Y        T      L      U

      Y       T      L      U      C      A      F     /     S      N       T      I      O     R      E      A       T      I      O      C      C     S

     E      R      O      C        L    S      A      N      I      F

1000

100

100

400

400

1000.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Ha H arvard University University of California, Berkeley Massachusetts Institute of Technology California Institute of Technology Oxford University Ox C ambridge University Ca Stanford University St Yale University P rinceton University E TH Zurich ET London School of Economics Tokyo University To University of Chicago Imperial College London University of Texas at Austin Australian National University B eijing University Be National University of Singapore C olumbia University Co

US US US US UK UK US US US Switzerland UK Japan US UK US Australia China Singapore US

643 665 484 236 560 541 420 347 353 170 257 371 254 237 183 212 322 266 213

17 6 13 19 57 65 9 53 18 72 79 3 31 60 9 48 9 35 10

17 7 18 17 18 19 13 20 18 25 100 3 18 51 8 31 11 46 18

50 7 28 45 30 31 28 65 19 4 27 30 58 55 8 9 35 10 56

243 169 221 400 45 46 197 81 133 266 6 60 71 27 202 105 3 18 75

1000.0 880.2 788.9 738.9 731.8 725.4 688.0 582.8 557.5 553.7 484.4 482.0 444.0 443.7 421.5 417.7 391.8 385.9 384.1

2 20 1 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52= 52= 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61= 61= 63 64 65 66

U veilrlsU itynio f rC MnciG ve sa itylifornia, San Francisco Melbourne University Cornell University Co University of California, San Diego Johns Hopkins University University of California, Los Angeles Ecole Polytechnique Pennsylvania University Kyoto University Ky Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris M ichigan University Mi Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Monash University University College London Illinois University New South Wales University Toronto University Carnegie Mellon University Hong Kong University Sydney University Indian Institute of Technology Hong Kong University of Sci & Technol Manchester University and Umist School of Oriental and African Studies Massachusetts University University of British Columbia Heidelberg University E dinburgh University Queensland University Nanyang University Tokyo Institute of Technology Duke University U niversité Catholique de Louvain Un Brussels Free University RMIT University RM Adelaide University Paris VI, Pierre et Marie Curie University Sussex University Su Purdue University Pu Technical University Berlin Brown University Tsing Hua University Copenhagen University Erasmus University Rotterdam Georgia Institute of Technology Wisconsin University Wi

U CS anada Australia US US US US France US Japan France US Switzerland Australia UK US Australia Canada US Hong Kong Australia India Hong Kong UK UK US Canada Germany UK Australia Singapore Japan US Belgium Belgium Australia Australia France UK US Germany US China Denmark Netherlands US US

12 31 2 207 202 96 107 180 144 142 207 105 173 56 136 108 152 140 131 129 96 124 209 135 130 62 118 114 124 118 95 123 118 61 104 54 60 69 99 73 105 83 46 140 111 70 117 104

85 4 49 10 3 16 2 25 14 3 11 17 100 49 48 3 49 24 35 74 49 3 37 40 70 1 24 11 32 49 32 3 12 26 41 49 49 7 51 25 11 39 9 18 27 4 0

40 2 51 16 6 13 8 55 23 3 22 11 67 64 40 3 47 16 25 14 29 2 15 23 77 4 14 33 21 25 47 13 11 41 57 80 29 39 23 14 39 14 7 14 11 11 8

3 19 1 12 19 7 68 12 23 31 25 100 19 13 8 44 15 19 6 24 8 11 13 8 19 20 7 6 12 22 6 9 27 56 17 10 8 5 15 11 8 2 19 24 19 11 9 18

30 80 4

3 37 66 4..5 1 353.2 348.8 331.5 330.8 316.4 315.5 306.9 303.7 298.4 293.3 289.4 286.0 284.2 281.6 275.7 272.5 259.4 249.5 245.2 241.7 240.6 238.5 235.8 235.7 230.4 228.3 227.6 223.9 217.1 217.0 212.6 212.6 205.1 203.9 202.7 198.7 196.2 194.0 191.1 188.9 188.9 188.7 188.4 185.7 184.5

23 91 208 116 106 59 87 57 51 65 44 19 36 100 12 88 37 50 24 8 38 19 0 99 65 41 29 42 0 50 66 19 36 0 45 33 32 36 50 65 3 22 63 39 48

THE TIMES HIGHER NOVEMBER 5 2004 3

 

WORLD UNIVERSITY RANKINGS THE TOP 200

THE WORLD’S TOP 200 UNIVERSITIES      E      R      O      C     S        W      E      I      E       V        R     R      E      E      P

     E      R      E       T      O      R      N      C      O      E     S      C        D     S      U       T    S       Y        T       T      N     S      L      E      U      D       Y    /      A       T      U      U      L       T     R      E       C      C      L     F      L    S       '      '      A      O       T       T      F      C      N      N      I     S      I

      Y       T      L      U      C      A      F     /      E     S      R      N      O       T      I      O     R      C        E      A      L    S       T      A      I      O      N      C      I      C      F     S

     E      K      M      N      A      A      N      R

     R       Y       T      N      U      O      C

67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

Auckland University Macquarie University Osaka University Os S t Andrews University St Paris 1 Sorbonne University of California, Santa Barbara Northwestern University W ashington University Wa Boston University Bo Curtin University of Technology Vienna Technical University Delft University of Technology New York University Ne Warwick University Wa Yeshiva University Ye Minnesota University Mi Eindhoven University of Technology Chinese University of Hong Kong Gottingen University Rochester University Ro

New Zealand Australia Japan UK France US US US US Australia Austria Netherlands US UK US US Netherlands Hong Kong Germany US

76 45 78 39 124 64 61 48 78 35 83 106 90 70 2 59 45 81 72 49

49 49 3 42 3 9 4 16 12 50 19 20 8 49 14 10 20 30 11 10

30 62 5 57 43 3 12 8 19 79 45 12 10 25 15 5 12 16 13 8

7 5 28 19 5 6 27 18 17 6 16 20 19 9 31 11 11 12 4 49

15 15 63 19 0 93 71 82 45 0 6 12 41 14 103 79 77 25 64 48

183.5 182.3 181.8 181.0 180.8 180.6 180.4 177.0 176.6 176.2 175.4 174.2 173.2 170.6 170.2 169.6 169.5 169.2 168.5 167.8

87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96= 96= 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118= 118= 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133

Trinity College, Dublin Case Western Reserve University Malaya University Alabama University Al Bristol University Br Lomonosov Moscow State University Hebrew University of Jerusalem V ienna University Vi Technical University Munich Western Australia University We King’s College London Amsterdam University Munich University Queen Mary, University of London O slo University Os National Taiwan University Bath University Tufts University Texas A&M University Te Iowa University Colorado University Co Massey University Washington University, St Louis Chalmers University of Technology Sains Malaysia University Glasgow University Gl University of Technology, Sydney Otago University B randeis University Br Michigan State University North Carolina University Virginia University Seoul National University Se Utrecht University Paris XI, Université Paris-Sud Royal Institute of Technology Maastricht University Stuttgart University Humboldt University Berlin Birmingham University Aarhus University Durham University Du Helsinki University P enn State University Pe Leiden University Strasbourg University Leeds University Le

Ireland US Malaysia US UK Russia Israel Austria Germany Australia UK Netherlands Germany UK Norway Taiwan UK US US US US New Zealand US Sweden Malaysia UK Australia New Zealand US US US US South Korea Netherlands France Sweden Netherlands Germany Germany UK Denmark UK Finland US Netherlands France UK

57 23 50 27 59 97 81 77 72 36 34 68 82 41 81 100 25 17 78 23 38 41 38 71 26 59 46 25 13 81 37 53 83 58 47 37 24 61 69 41 59 52 75 64 24 29 54

45 4 29 10 38 9 5 19 11 49 44 17 11 47 21 10 45 10 12 10 17 49 10 17 27 33 49 49 26 10 9 6 6 16 11 19 20 11 11 36 18 33 11 10 20 11 31

29 11 68 4 16 15 11 30 32 29 27 14 26 30 18 11 39 15 3 11 3 42 10 22 78 10 39 42 15 7 3 10 20 9 31 30 51 39 23 19 13 10 7 5 13 40 17

8 49 15 8 17 31 16 5 23 10 24 10 12 23 13 11 22 26 6 5 10 5 13 11 15 15 7 10 12 8 17 17 9 11 10 4 20 17 7 14 26 11 13 10 12 9 15

24 75 0 112 31 5 44 25 18 31 26 46 24 13 21 22 21 81 49 99 79 8 76 25 0 27 0 15 75 35 75 54 21 45 40 47 23 10 28 26 20 28 28 44 65 45 16

167.0 166.8 166.4 166.0 165.9 161.6 161.4 161.2 160.7 160.1 160.1 159.8 159.7 158.8 158.5 157.8 155.5 153.9 153.2 152.6 151.9 150.6 150.3 150.2 149.6 148.5 146.1 145.9 145.6 145.1 144.3 144.0 144.0 143.9 142.6 142.5 142.0 141.7 141.3 140.5 140.0 139.3 138.6 138.4 137.9 137.6 136.9

4 NOVEMBER 5 2004 THE TIMES HIGHER

 

THE TOP 200 WORLD UNIVERSITY RANKINGS

THE WORLD’S TOP 200 UNIVERSITIES

     E      K      M      N      A      A      N      R

     R       Y       T      N      U      O      C

     E      R      O      C     S        W      E      I      R      E       V      R       E      E      P

     E      R      E       T      O      R      N      C      O      E     S       C      D     S     S      U       T       Y        T      N       T     S      E      L      D       Y    /      U      A       T      U      L       T     R      E       U       C      C      L    S      L     F      '      '      A      O       T       T      F      C      N      N      I      I     S

      Y       T      L      U      C      A      F     /     S      N       T      I      O     R      E      A       T      I      O      C      C     S

     E      R      O      L     S      L      C        A      N      I      F

134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147= 147= 149 150 151 152 153

Maryland University Ma Bo B onn University Stony Brook, State University of New York York University Dartmouth College Da Stockholm University Uppsala University Utah University La Trobe University Waterloo University Toulouse 1 University Technical University of Denmark Rice University Hamburg University McMaster University Kiel University Ki S heffield University Sh L iverpool University Li Karlsruhe University Tohoku University To

US Germany US UK US Sweden Sweden US Australia Canada France Denmark US Germany Canada Germany UK UK Germany Japan

35 56 26 36 18 40 43 51 27 50 31 49 35 66 28 27 38 32 47 48

20 11 7 39 13 19 19 10 49 25 8 18 10 11 24 11 33 39 11 6

5 37 10 16 12 30 30 13 23 12 40 15 7 17 13 15 15 14 29 2

14 13 11 16 20 3 11 14 4 5 5 23 25 9 11 3 15 13 9 27

58 14 75 22 65 35 24 40 25 35 42 20 48 20 47 67 22 25 26 39

136.7 135.0 134.3 133.3 132.5 131.9 131.5 131.0 130.8 130.6 130.4 128.6 128.5 127.3 127.3 127.0 126.9 126.8 126.0 125.7

1 15 54 5 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195= 195= 197 198 199 200

C ntapU ityniSvc Mhoin eln lieivre1rsU eirs&ityTechnol Va V anderbilt University Frankfurt University Technion — Israel Institute of Technology Madrid Autonomous University Korea Advanced Institute of Sci & Tech Tasmania University L a Sapienza University Pohang University of Sci & Technol Innsbruck University Georgetown University Alberta University Nagoya University Na Dundee University Du Würzburg University Nottingham University Lund University Lu TH Darmstadt TH Emory University Indiana University University of California, Santa Cruz Helsinki University of Technology Université de Montréal Freiburg University Newcastle upon Tyne University University of Southern California L ancaster University La University of California, Davis Arizona University Aachen RWTH Queen’s University Belfast Bologna University Bo Norwegian University of Sci & Technol Tulane University Tu Leicester University Le Rutgers State University Nijmegen University Nanjing University Na Southampton University Aberdeen University Ab National Autonomous University of Mexico Fudan University Bremen University City University of Hong Kong Virginia Polytechnic Institute Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

C nc ae Frhain US Germany Israel Spain South Korea Australia Italy South Korea Austria US Canada Japan UK Germany UK Sweden Germany US US US Finland Canada Germany UK US UK US US Germany UK Italy Norway US UK US Netherlands China UK UK Mexico China Germany Hong Kong US US

8 45 3 20 51 78 62 86 27 89 22 31 38 28 45 9 11 24 36 39 12 29 14 61 35 26 19 40 23 27 35 60 16 76 30 27 5 24 22 73 12 6 68 61 35 40 56 24

15 1 2 11 0 19 7 49 4 14 19 10 24 3 42 11 39 19 11 1 0 5 20 24 11 33 15 44 1 5 11 54 4 23 10 32 25 20 4 45 38 7 8 11 47 10 19

31 1 5 30 1 11 19 22 5 18 38 10 23 3 21 15 20 6 28 8 10 2 8 23 29 19 14 16 4 9 27 16 8 19 20 21 5 12 2 11 22 0 13 21 3 7 9

24 5

36 1 55 22 30 19 0 15 16 56 23 46 28 47 31 72 19 40 33 48 68 87 8 14 29 19 35 18 65 49 0 16 14 12 16 29 40 17 7 18 20 1 4 32 0 17 38

1 12 25 4..2 8 124.6 124.1 124.0 123.7 123.5 123.3 121.5 120.9 120.8 120.6 120.4 120.0 119.4 118.8 118.0 117.3 116.9 116.6 115.9 115.6 115.4 114.2 113.0 112.6 111.4 111.3 110.8 110.6 110.5 110.3 109.8 109.6 108.9 107.4 107.3 107.1 106.3 105.9 105.7 104.5 104.5 104.4 103.6 103.0 102.9

39 6 12 8 8 6 4 8 6 13 13 19 14 6 13 11 2 43 6 4 15 14 14 20 4 7 10 10 9 5 4 22 33 17 10 33 16 16 16 25 15 2 10 11 9

THE TIMES HIGHER NOVEMBER 5 2004 5