Will and Be Going To
Content
We use will to say what we know or think about the future. Will here has a neutral meaning. It does not express the idea that we have already decided to do something or that we are planning something.
Will for instant decisions We also use will for an instant decision, when we decide on something or agree to do it more or less at the moment of speaking. I'm thirsty. I think I'll make some tea. NOT: l make some-tea. You've left your computer on. ~ Oh, I'll go and switch it off. We must celebrate. I know, we'll have a party. I don't think I'll do any work tonight. I'm too tired. We also use will in offers, invitations and promises. Offer: I'll peel the potatoes. ~ Oh, thank you. Invitation: Will you come to lunch? ~ Yes, thank you. I'd love to. Promise: I'll pay you back next week. WILL = 'LL Example: She'll dance = she will dance He will regret his choice. I will come back at 10 p.m. Subject I/a dog etc. Auxiliary verb will Verb go/take etc. The main verb must be in simple form (without the preposition to) Complement to the beach, a ball, etc
Form:
Negative sentences: In negative sentences, add not to the auxiliary will
WILL + NOT = WON'T Examples: She won't dance = she will not dance
The cost will not be more than £50 = The cost won·t be more than £50 I won't have time for a meal = I will not have time for a meal.I think
Remember
We often use "will" with: probably, most likely I think I wonder (if, what, when, etc.) I expect I'll probably drop in on uncle. This gift is great. I think we'll love it. It's a bit late. I wonder if he'll come.
I haven't seen Matthew today. I expect he'll call today.
Questions: Yes or no questions:
y y y y
Will he be surprised when he sees me? Will Mark be able to do the shopping before 10 a.m.? Will there be plenty of people in church? Will you study harder? Yes, I will/ yes, I will study harder No, I won·t/ No, I won·t study harder Wh- questions: What will you do in the future? I think I will be a great actor.
y
Where will she be this evening? She will be in the new mall this evening.
Let·s Practice:
Say what your decision is in these situations, or what you offer to do. Use these verbs: answer, carry, have, post, shut You and your friend have come into the room. The window is open, and it is cold. /'// shut the window. 1 The phone is ringing. You are the nearest person to it. 2 The choice on the menu is fish or chicken. You hate fish. 3 You are meeting a friend at the station. He has two suitcases. There's a bag, too. 4 Your friend has written a letter. You are going to walk into town past the post office. Will and won't for the future Use the notes to write about what will happen next weekend. it / be / warm / tomorrow It will be warm tomorrow. 1 Tom / watch / the match 2 Harriet's party / be / fun 3 Trevor / not put up / the shelves 4 Laura / be / annoyed 5 Andrew / study / all weekend. 6Rachel / not do / any work
Reading
Trees That Wood
Once there were three trees on a hill in the woods. They were discussing their hopes and dreams when the first tree said, "Someday I hope to be a treasure chest. I could be filled with gold, silver and precious gems. I could be decorated with intricate carving and everyone would see the beauty." Then the second tree said, "Someday I will be a mighty ship. I will take kings and queens across the waters and sail to the corners of the world. Everyone will feel safe in me because of the strength of my hull." Finally the third tree said, "I want to grow to be the tallest and straightest tree in the forest. People will see me on top of the hill and look up to my branches, and think of the heavens and God and how close to them I am reaching. I will be the greatest tree of all time and people will always remember me." After a few years of praying that their dreams would come true, a group of woodsmen came upon the trees. When one came to the first tree he said, "This looks like a strong tree, I think I should be able to sell the wood to a carpenter" ... and he began cutting it down. The tree was happy, because he knew that the
carpenter would make him into a treasure chest. At the second tree a woodsman said, "This looks like a strong tree, I should be able to sell it to the shipyard." The second tree was happy because he knew he was on his way to becoming a mighty ship. When the woodsmen came upon the third tree, the tree was frightened because he knew that if they cut him down his dreams would not come true. One of the woodsmen said, "I don't need anything special from my tree so I'll take this one", and he cut it down. When the first tree arrived at the carpenters, he was made into a feed box for animals. He was then placed in a barn and filled with hay. This was not at all what he had prayed for. The second tree was cut and made into a small fishing boat. His dreams of being a mighty ship and carrying kings had come to an end. The third tree was cut into large pieces and left alone in the dark. The years went by, and the trees forgot about their dreams. Then one day, a man and woman came to the barn. She gave birth and they placed the baby in the hay in the feed box that was made from the first tree. The man wished that he could have made a crib for the baby, but this manger would have to do. The tree could feel the importance of this event and knew that it had held the greatest treasure of all time. Years later, a group of men got in the fishing boat made from the second tree. One of them was tired and went to sleep. While they were out on the water, a great storm arose and the tree didn't think it was strong enough to keep the men safe. The men woke the sleeping man, and he stood and said "Peace" and the storm stopped. At this time, the tree knew that it had carried the King of Kings in its boat. Finally, someone came and got the third tree. It was carried through the streets as the people mocked the man who was carrying it. When they came to a stop, the man was nailed to the tree and raised in the air to die at the top of a hill. When Sunday came, the tree came to realize that it was strong enough to stand at the top of the hill and be as close to God as was possible, because Jesus had been crucified on it.
Taken from: http://www.indianchild.com/mountain_story.htm
Answer according to the story: Trees that Wood: What does the first tree think about its future? What does the second tree think about its future? What does the third tree think about its future? Did they make their dream come true? What is the message in the story?
"Be going to" is another form to express the future. We mainly use it to talk about planned actions and to make predictions.
BE GOING TO Be going to means that we have already decided. Planned actions (intention) I'm going out. I'm going to post these letters. You still haven't put those shelves up, Trevor. ~ I know. I'm going to do it tomorrow. We use be going to for a prediction when we see from the present situation what is going to happen in the future, it means, Prediction based on observing the present situation There isn't a cloud in the sky. lt's going to be a lovely day. This bag isn't very strong. It's going to break.
Form
Declarative sentences:
Subject I/a dog etc. Auxiliary verb is/are Auxiliary verb going to Main Verb go/take etc.
y y y
This team is definitely going to win the competition. I'm going to visit my grandma next week. Sheila is going to give birth in a couple of weeks
For negative sentences, add Not after verb to be. Look at these examples:
y y y Vicky isn't going to have any lunch. We aren't going to complain. I am not going to visit my friends tonight. I am sick.
Remember: is not = isn·t Are not = aren·t
Questions: Yes or no questions:
Auxiliary verb is/are
y y y y
Subject I/a dog etc.
Auxiliary verb going to
Verb go/take etc.?
Is he going to sent you the e- mail? Is the USA going to close down military bases in Western Europe? I can see dark clouds in the sky. Is it going to rain? Is Daniel going to apply for the job?
Wh- questions
Wh- word What, when, where, why,who, how Auxiliary verb is/are Subject I/a dog etc. Auxiliary verb going to Verb go/take etc.?
y When are you going to pay this bill? y What is she going to do next Saturday morning?
Let´s Practice:
Put in the verbs with be going to. Laura: What are you doing with that camera? Trevor: ( ) I'm going to take (I / take) it to work. (1)««««««««««««««.. (I / lend) it to Phil. (2) ................................................ (he / take) a few photos with it. Laura: Why can't he buy his own camera? Trevor: He's got one, but it isn't working properly. (3)..........«««««««««««« (it / be) a while before he can get it repaired. Laura: Well, how long (4)......................................««««« (he / keep) ours? When (5)«««««««««««««««. (we / get) it back? Trevor: (6)«««««««««««««««.. (he / have) it over the weekend. (7) ...................................................... (we / get) it back on Monday. Laura: Well, I hope (8)«««««« ................................... ( i t / not / get) damaged.
Predictions
What would you say in these situations? Use these words: be sick, crash, get wet, lose, not stop, rain The sky is full of dark clouds. /(s going to rain. 1 Now it's starting to rain. There's nowhere to shelter, and you do not have an umbrella. 2 You feel awful. There's a terrible feeling in your stomach. 3 You are playing Scrabble. The game is nearly over and you are 100 points behind. 4 You can see a plane coming down. It's out of control and falling to the ground. 5 You are waiting for a train. There's one coming, but you don't know if it's the one you want. Look at these pictures and say what it is going to happen. Use these verbs: fell down, eat, marry, give birth
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Listen to this son and organize the paragraphs
Sealed With a Kiss Christine Lavin and Friends I'll see you in the sunlight I'll hear your voice everywhere I'll run to tenderly hold you But, darling, you won't be there
I don't want to say goodbye for the summer Knowing the love we'll miss Oh let us make a pledge To meet in September And seal it with a kiss
I'll see you in the sunlight I'll hear your voice everywhere I'll run to tenderly hold you But, darling, you won't be there
Guess it's going to be a cold lonely summer I'll fill the emptiness I'll send you all my dreams Every day in a letter Sealed with a kiss
I don't want to say goodbye for the summer Darling I promise you this
I'll send you all my love Every day in a letter Sealed with a kiss
Guess it's going to be a cold, lonely summer But, darling, I promise you this I'll send you all my love Every day in a letter And Seal it with a kiss And Seal it with a kiss
Why does the singer use two different structures in the sentences below? Explain it.
a- I will send you all my dreams. b- It¶s going to be a cold lonely summer.
Answer: Can a summer be cold? If not, why does the singer say so?
References
y
http://www.englishtenseswithcartoons.com
y http://www.indianchild.com y Oxford Practice Grammar with answers (1999) John Eastwood Oxford University Press. USA y Teaching English with favorite songs (2003). SAL H UYAN
Will for instant decisions We also use will for an instant decision, when we decide on something or agree to do it more or less at the moment of speaking. I'm thirsty. I think I'll make some tea. NOT: l make some-tea. You've left your computer on. ~ Oh, I'll go and switch it off. We must celebrate. I know, we'll have a party. I don't think I'll do any work tonight. I'm too tired. We also use will in offers, invitations and promises. Offer: I'll peel the potatoes. ~ Oh, thank you. Invitation: Will you come to lunch? ~ Yes, thank you. I'd love to. Promise: I'll pay you back next week. WILL = 'LL Example: She'll dance = she will dance He will regret his choice. I will come back at 10 p.m. Subject I/a dog etc. Auxiliary verb will Verb go/take etc. The main verb must be in simple form (without the preposition to) Complement to the beach, a ball, etc
Form:
Negative sentences: In negative sentences, add not to the auxiliary will
WILL + NOT = WON'T Examples: She won't dance = she will not dance
The cost will not be more than £50 = The cost won·t be more than £50 I won't have time for a meal = I will not have time for a meal.I think
Remember
We often use "will" with: probably, most likely I think I wonder (if, what, when, etc.) I expect I'll probably drop in on uncle. This gift is great. I think we'll love it. It's a bit late. I wonder if he'll come.
I haven't seen Matthew today. I expect he'll call today.
Questions: Yes or no questions:
y y y y
Will he be surprised when he sees me? Will Mark be able to do the shopping before 10 a.m.? Will there be plenty of people in church? Will you study harder? Yes, I will/ yes, I will study harder No, I won·t/ No, I won·t study harder Wh- questions: What will you do in the future? I think I will be a great actor.
y
Where will she be this evening? She will be in the new mall this evening.
Let·s Practice:
Say what your decision is in these situations, or what you offer to do. Use these verbs: answer, carry, have, post, shut You and your friend have come into the room. The window is open, and it is cold. /'// shut the window. 1 The phone is ringing. You are the nearest person to it. 2 The choice on the menu is fish or chicken. You hate fish. 3 You are meeting a friend at the station. He has two suitcases. There's a bag, too. 4 Your friend has written a letter. You are going to walk into town past the post office. Will and won't for the future Use the notes to write about what will happen next weekend. it / be / warm / tomorrow It will be warm tomorrow. 1 Tom / watch / the match 2 Harriet's party / be / fun 3 Trevor / not put up / the shelves 4 Laura / be / annoyed 5 Andrew / study / all weekend. 6Rachel / not do / any work
Reading
Trees That Wood
Once there were three trees on a hill in the woods. They were discussing their hopes and dreams when the first tree said, "Someday I hope to be a treasure chest. I could be filled with gold, silver and precious gems. I could be decorated with intricate carving and everyone would see the beauty." Then the second tree said, "Someday I will be a mighty ship. I will take kings and queens across the waters and sail to the corners of the world. Everyone will feel safe in me because of the strength of my hull." Finally the third tree said, "I want to grow to be the tallest and straightest tree in the forest. People will see me on top of the hill and look up to my branches, and think of the heavens and God and how close to them I am reaching. I will be the greatest tree of all time and people will always remember me." After a few years of praying that their dreams would come true, a group of woodsmen came upon the trees. When one came to the first tree he said, "This looks like a strong tree, I think I should be able to sell the wood to a carpenter" ... and he began cutting it down. The tree was happy, because he knew that the
carpenter would make him into a treasure chest. At the second tree a woodsman said, "This looks like a strong tree, I should be able to sell it to the shipyard." The second tree was happy because he knew he was on his way to becoming a mighty ship. When the woodsmen came upon the third tree, the tree was frightened because he knew that if they cut him down his dreams would not come true. One of the woodsmen said, "I don't need anything special from my tree so I'll take this one", and he cut it down. When the first tree arrived at the carpenters, he was made into a feed box for animals. He was then placed in a barn and filled with hay. This was not at all what he had prayed for. The second tree was cut and made into a small fishing boat. His dreams of being a mighty ship and carrying kings had come to an end. The third tree was cut into large pieces and left alone in the dark. The years went by, and the trees forgot about their dreams. Then one day, a man and woman came to the barn. She gave birth and they placed the baby in the hay in the feed box that was made from the first tree. The man wished that he could have made a crib for the baby, but this manger would have to do. The tree could feel the importance of this event and knew that it had held the greatest treasure of all time. Years later, a group of men got in the fishing boat made from the second tree. One of them was tired and went to sleep. While they were out on the water, a great storm arose and the tree didn't think it was strong enough to keep the men safe. The men woke the sleeping man, and he stood and said "Peace" and the storm stopped. At this time, the tree knew that it had carried the King of Kings in its boat. Finally, someone came and got the third tree. It was carried through the streets as the people mocked the man who was carrying it. When they came to a stop, the man was nailed to the tree and raised in the air to die at the top of a hill. When Sunday came, the tree came to realize that it was strong enough to stand at the top of the hill and be as close to God as was possible, because Jesus had been crucified on it.
Taken from: http://www.indianchild.com/mountain_story.htm
Answer according to the story: Trees that Wood: What does the first tree think about its future? What does the second tree think about its future? What does the third tree think about its future? Did they make their dream come true? What is the message in the story?
"Be going to" is another form to express the future. We mainly use it to talk about planned actions and to make predictions.
BE GOING TO Be going to means that we have already decided. Planned actions (intention) I'm going out. I'm going to post these letters. You still haven't put those shelves up, Trevor. ~ I know. I'm going to do it tomorrow. We use be going to for a prediction when we see from the present situation what is going to happen in the future, it means, Prediction based on observing the present situation There isn't a cloud in the sky. lt's going to be a lovely day. This bag isn't very strong. It's going to break.
Form
Declarative sentences:
Subject I/a dog etc. Auxiliary verb is/are Auxiliary verb going to Main Verb go/take etc.
y y y
This team is definitely going to win the competition. I'm going to visit my grandma next week. Sheila is going to give birth in a couple of weeks
For negative sentences, add Not after verb to be. Look at these examples:
y y y Vicky isn't going to have any lunch. We aren't going to complain. I am not going to visit my friends tonight. I am sick.
Remember: is not = isn·t Are not = aren·t
Questions: Yes or no questions:
Auxiliary verb is/are
y y y y
Subject I/a dog etc.
Auxiliary verb going to
Verb go/take etc.?
Is he going to sent you the e- mail? Is the USA going to close down military bases in Western Europe? I can see dark clouds in the sky. Is it going to rain? Is Daniel going to apply for the job?
Wh- questions
Wh- word What, when, where, why,who, how Auxiliary verb is/are Subject I/a dog etc. Auxiliary verb going to Verb go/take etc.?
y When are you going to pay this bill? y What is she going to do next Saturday morning?
Let´s Practice:
Put in the verbs with be going to. Laura: What are you doing with that camera? Trevor: ( ) I'm going to take (I / take) it to work. (1)««««««««««««««.. (I / lend) it to Phil. (2) ................................................ (he / take) a few photos with it. Laura: Why can't he buy his own camera? Trevor: He's got one, but it isn't working properly. (3)..........«««««««««««« (it / be) a while before he can get it repaired. Laura: Well, how long (4)......................................««««« (he / keep) ours? When (5)«««««««««««««««. (we / get) it back? Trevor: (6)«««««««««««««««.. (he / have) it over the weekend. (7) ...................................................... (we / get) it back on Monday. Laura: Well, I hope (8)«««««« ................................... ( i t / not / get) damaged.
Predictions
What would you say in these situations? Use these words: be sick, crash, get wet, lose, not stop, rain The sky is full of dark clouds. /(s going to rain. 1 Now it's starting to rain. There's nowhere to shelter, and you do not have an umbrella. 2 You feel awful. There's a terrible feeling in your stomach. 3 You are playing Scrabble. The game is nearly over and you are 100 points behind. 4 You can see a plane coming down. It's out of control and falling to the ground. 5 You are waiting for a train. There's one coming, but you don't know if it's the one you want. Look at these pictures and say what it is going to happen. Use these verbs: fell down, eat, marry, give birth
____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Listen to this son and organize the paragraphs
Sealed With a Kiss Christine Lavin and Friends I'll see you in the sunlight I'll hear your voice everywhere I'll run to tenderly hold you But, darling, you won't be there
I don't want to say goodbye for the summer Knowing the love we'll miss Oh let us make a pledge To meet in September And seal it with a kiss
I'll see you in the sunlight I'll hear your voice everywhere I'll run to tenderly hold you But, darling, you won't be there
Guess it's going to be a cold lonely summer I'll fill the emptiness I'll send you all my dreams Every day in a letter Sealed with a kiss
I don't want to say goodbye for the summer Darling I promise you this
I'll send you all my love Every day in a letter Sealed with a kiss
Guess it's going to be a cold, lonely summer But, darling, I promise you this I'll send you all my love Every day in a letter And Seal it with a kiss And Seal it with a kiss
Why does the singer use two different structures in the sentences below? Explain it.
a- I will send you all my dreams. b- It¶s going to be a cold lonely summer.
Answer: Can a summer be cold? If not, why does the singer say so?
References
y
http://www.englishtenseswithcartoons.com
y http://www.indianchild.com y Oxford Practice Grammar with answers (1999) John Eastwood Oxford University Press. USA y Teaching English with favorite songs (2003). SAL H UYAN
